scholarly journals ON TECHNIQUE OF CULTIVATION OF MARINE AND BRACKISH-WATER CILIATES

2019 ◽  
pp. 89-96
Author(s):  
Nina Vasilevna Novoselova ◽  
Nuria Abdrakhimovna Kanieva
Keyword(s):  
Brackish Water ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Ambient Conditions ◽  
Artificial Lighting ◽  
Planktonic Ciliates ◽  
Horse Manure ◽  
Research Material ◽  
Kerch Strait ◽  
Continuous Reproduction

The paper shows the results of the study of cultivating marine and brackishwater ciliates conducted at the experimental centre “Zavetnoe” (the Kerch Strait) in 2008-2019. The main parameters for the ciliates cultivation have been defined and the effectiveness of nutrient mixtures for their feeding have been analyzed. Planktonic ciliates Euplotes affinis Dujardin, 1842; Euplotes charon O. F. Müller, 1786; Mesodinium pulex Claparede et Lachmann, 1858 were taken as the research material. Growing was carried out under the tent and in the open air, in ambient conditions, in cultivation containers in broad daylight and with artificial lighting at night. Coral-shell fractions in 5-7 kg/m2 were put on the bottom of the pools as the underlying layer. The density of seeding the uterine culture in E. affinis was 5-10 ind./ml, in E. charon and M. pulex - 1-2 ind./ml. Cultivation of ciliates was carried out in spring and autumn. According to the results of the study, the feed is better used in the form of water-soluble nutrient mixtures. Due to the fact that the nutrient ingredients are in a dissolved state, they are absorbed faster by organisms. This leads to the continuous reproduction of the culture of populations, which helps to grow ciliates even at suboptimal temperatures. Nutrient mixtures are recommended to be added to the culture containers 15-20 days before the introduction of the uterine culture. It has been stated that the increased density of ciliates occurs regardless of the composition of the feed; the density of ciliates always depends on the composition of the nutrient mixture. The best results are obtained when using a nutritious mixture with horse manure and dry banana skin.

scholarly journals Biluminescence Under Ambient Conditions: Water‐Soluble Organic Emitter in High‐Oxygen‐Barrier Polymer

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (16) ◽  
pp. 2000427 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marine Louis ◽  
Heidi Thomas ◽  
Max Gmelch ◽  
Felix Fries ◽  
Anna Haft ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Soluble ◽  
High Oxygen ◽  
Oxygen Barrier ◽  
Ambient Conditions

Study on the Photoluminescence Character of Water-Soluble CdSe Nanocrystals Under Ambient Conditions

2011 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 3191-3199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mei Xue ◽  
Xu Wang ◽  
Xiaohua Zhang ◽  
Linhai Zhuo ◽  
Bo Tang
Keyword(s):  
Water Soluble ◽  
Cdse Nanocrystals ◽  
Ambient Conditions

Direct Synthesis of Bimetallic Nanoalloys from Corresponding Bulk Alloys

2013 ◽  
Vol 1546 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chi-Kai Lin ◽  
Tao Xu
Keyword(s):  
Ag Nanoparticles ◽  
Direct Synthesis ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Liquid Lithium ◽  
Proof Of Concept ◽  
Ambient Conditions ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Bimetallic Alloy ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Bulk Alloys

AbstractWe report a transformative, all inorganic method-based synthesis of supported bimetallic alloy nanoparticles. We use Pd3Ag as a proof of concept. The method involves breaking down bulk Pd3Ag alloy into the nanoparticles in liquid lithium, converting metallic Li to LiOH, transferring Pd3Ag nanoparticles/LiOH mixture onto non-water soluble supports, followed by leaching off the LiOH with water under ambient conditions. The size of the resulting Pd3Ag nanoparticles was found narrowly distributed around 2.3 nm characterized by transmission electron microscope (TEM). In addition, studies by X-ray diffraction (XRD) showed that the resulting Pd3Ag nanoparticles inherited similar structure as the starting bulk Pd3Ag.

scholarly journals A review of current knowledge concerning PM<sub>2.5</sub> chemical composition, aerosol optical properties, and their relationships across China

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Tao ◽  
Leiming Zhang ◽  
Junji Cao ◽  
Renjian Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Optical Properties ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Northern China ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Chemical Components ◽  
Carbonaceous Aerosols ◽  
Ambient Conditions ◽  
Aerosol Optical Properties ◽  
Inorganic Aerosols

Abstract. To obtain a thorough knowledge of PM2.5 chemical composition and its impact on aerosol optical properties across China, existing field studies conducted after the year of 2000 are reviewed and summarized in terms of geographical, inter-annual, and seasonal distributions. Annual PM2.5 was up to six times of the national air quality standard in some megacities in northern China. Annual PM2.5 was higher in northern than southern cities, and higher in inland than coastal cities. In a few cities with data longer than a decade, PM2.5 showed a slight decrease only in the second half of the past decade, while carbonaceous aerosols decreased, sulfate (SO42−) and ammonium (NH4+) remained at high levels, and nitrate (NO3−) increased. The highest seasonal averages of PM2.5 and its major chemical components were mostly observed in the cold seasons. Annual average contributions of secondary inorganic aerosols to PM2.5 ranged from 25 % to 48 %, and those of carbonaceous aerosols ranged from 23 % to 47 %, both with higher values in southern regions due to the frequent dust events in northern China. The geographical pattern of scattering coefficient (bsp) was similar to that of PM2.5, and that of aerosol absorption coefficient (bap) was determined by elemental carbon (EC) mass concentration and its coating. bsp in ambient condition of RH = 80 % can be amplified about 1.8 times of that under dry condition. Secondary inorganic aerosols accounted for about 60 % of aerosol extinction coefficient (bext) under ambient conditions in megacities with RH higher than 70 %. The mass scattering efficiency (MSE) of PM2.5 ranged from 3.0 to 5.0 m2 g−1 for aerosols produced from anthropogenic emissions and from 0.7 to 1.0 m2 g−1 for natural dust aerosols. The mass absorption efficiency (MAE) of EC ranged from 6.5 to 12.4 m2 g−1 in urban environments, but the MAE of water-soluble organic carbon (WSOC) was only 0.05 to 0.11 m2 g−1. Historical emission control policies in China and their effectiveness were discussed based on available chemically resolved PM2.5 data, which provides the much-needed knowledge for guiding future studies and emission policy making.

Synthesis of water-soluble luminescent poly(acrylic acid)-encapsulated CdTe/CdS nanoparticles

2014 ◽  
Vol 92 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jane Betty Goh ◽  
Richard W. Loo ◽  
M. Cynthia Goh
Keyword(s):  
Acrylic Acid ◽  
Quantum Dot ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Cds Nanoparticles ◽  
Ambient Conditions ◽  
Poly Acrylic Acid

Described is the synthesis in water under ambient conditions of water-soluble, luminescent poly(acrylic acid)-encapsulated CdTe/CdS nanoparticles. Counterion-collapsed poly(acrylic acid) is used as a nanotemplate for the formation of the quantum dot core. Gram quantities of nanoparticles are easily obtained. Simply varying the amount of thioacetamide used in the synthesis can shift the emission wavelengths of the resulting nanoparticles from green to yellow to red.

Biocatalysis for Material Science and Drug Discoveries

2007 ◽  
Vol 1065 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ferdinando Francesco Bruno ◽  
Lynne A Samuelson ◽  
Subhalakshmi Nagarajan ◽  
Ramaswamy Nagarajan ◽  
Jayant Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cell ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Water Solubility ◽  
Human Cancer ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Ambient Conditions ◽  
Inhibitory Effects ◽  
One Pot ◽  
Growth Inhibitory ◽  
Soluble Poly

ABSTRACTA novel biomimetic route for the synthesis of conducting homopolymers and copolymers from aniline, phenol, pyrrole and 3,4-ethylenedioxy-thiophene in the presence of a polyelectrolyte, such as polystyrene sulfonate (SPS) is presented. A poly(ethylene glycol) modified hematin (PEG-Hematin) and the enzyme horseradish peroxidase (HRP) were used to catalyze the copolymerization of different monomers. UV-vis, FTIR, XPS, TGA and electrical conductivity studies for all complexes indicated the presence of a stable and electrically conductive form of these polymers. Furthermore, the presence of a polyelectrolyte, such as SPS, in this complex provides a unique combination of properties such as processability and water-solubility. Additionally catechins, the active compounds found in green tea, were polymerized and found to exhibit very interesting anti-carcinogenic properties. Here we report a unique enzymatic approach for the synthesis of water-soluble poly(catechins) with enhanced stability and potent anti-proliferative effects on human cancer cells in vitro. Various stereoisomers of catechin [(+), (-), (±)] and (-)-epicatechin have been biocatalytically polymerized using HRP in ethanol/buffer mixtures. This one-pot biocatalytic polymerization is carried out in ambient conditions yielding water-soluble poly(catechins). These synthesized poly(catechins) were tested for their growth inhibitory properties using a variety of normal and cancerous human epithelial cell lines. The poly(catechins) exhibit statistically significant greater growth inhibitory effects when compared to the monomers and exhibited specificity, inhibiting the growth of breast, colorectal and esophageal cancer cells while having little effect on normal epithelial cell growththus achieving a high therapeutic ratio. The synthesis, characterization and the growth inhibitory effects of these novel water-soluble poly(catechins) will also be presented.

scholarly journals Rice Husk-Derived Cellulose Nanofibers: A Potential Sensor for Water-Soluble Gases

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (13) ◽  
pp. 4415
Author(s):  
Naresh Shahi ◽  
Eunji Lee ◽  
Byungjin Min ◽  
Dong-Joo Kim
Keyword(s):  
Recovery Time ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Cellulose Nanofibers ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Sensor Technology ◽  
Good Sensitivity ◽  
Ambient Conditions ◽  
Sensing Material ◽  
Study Results

Cellulose and its derivatives have evoked much attention in sensor technology as host-matrices for conducting materials because of their versatility, renewability, and biocompatibility. However, only a few studies have dealt with the potential utilization of cellulose as a sensing material without a composite structure. In this study, cellulose nanofibers (CNF) and 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl (TEMPO)-oxidized cellulose nanofibers (TOCNF) extracted from rice husks by using ultrasonic-assisted methods are introduced as a potential gas sensing material with highly sensitive performance. To fabricate nanocellulose-based films, CNF, TOCNF, and TOCNF with glycerol (TOCNF/G) were dispersed in water and applied on polyimide substrate with digital electrodes to form self-standing thin films by a drop-casting method. A transparent coating layer on the surface of the plate after drying is used for the detection of water-soluble gases such as acetone, ammonia, methane, and hydrogen sulfide gases at room temperature at 52% relative humidity. The sensor prototypes exhibited high sensitivity, and the detection limit was between 1 ppm and 5 ppm, with less than 10 min response and recovery time. The results indicate that both the CNF- and the TOCNF-coated sensors show good sensitivity toward ammonia and acetone, compared to other gases. A TOCNF/G-coated sensor exhibited minimum time in regard to response/recovery time, compared to a CNF-coated sensor. In this study, nanocellulose-based sensors were successfully fabricated using a low-cost process and a bio-based platform. They showed good sensitivity for the detection of various gases under ambient conditions. Therefore, our study results should further propel in-depth research regarding various applications of cellulose-based sensors in the future.

scholarly journals Lack of temporal variability in the benthos of a coastal brackish water lagoon in Greece

2007 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 5 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. NICOLAIDOU
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Brackish Water ◽  
Temporal Variability ◽  
Species Interactions ◽  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Benthic Fauna ◽  
Environmental Parameters ◽  
Abundant Species ◽  
Sediment Organic Carbon ◽  
Continuous Reproduction

The benthic fauna was studied in the small, brackish water Mazoma Lagoon in the Amvrakikos bay.Benthic samples were collected at 10 stations at bimonthly intervals over a period of a year. Temperature, salinity, dissolved oxygen and sediment organic carbon were also measured at the same time. The environmental parameters showed the expected seasonal variability but the benthic community, the structure of which was only related to plant biomass, did not. This lack of seasonality is attributed to the continuous reproduction of some abundant species and to species interactions.

Biomimetic models of nitric oxide synthase for the oxidation of oximes to carbonyl compounds catalyzed by water-soluble manganese porphyrins in aqueous solution

2011 ◽  
Vol 15 (03) ◽  
pp. 211-216 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qing-Gang Ren ◽  
Xian-Tai Zhou ◽  
Hong-Bing Ji
Keyword(s):  
Carbonyl Compounds ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Ambient Conditions ◽  
Manganese Porphyrin ◽  
Manganese Porphyrins ◽  
Vis Spectroscopy ◽  
Excellent Activity ◽  
High Valent ◽  
Manganese Species ◽  
Oxide Synthase

A mild green and efficient approach for hydrogen peroxide oxidative converting oximes to the corresponding carbonyl compounds with a water-soluble manganese porphyrin as catalyst in water/acetone mixture has been developed. The water-soluble manganese porphyrin showed an excellent activity for the oxidative deoximation reactions of various oximes under ambient conditions in the absence of any additive. The oxidative deoximation was through the formation of high valent oxo-manganese species, which was confirmed by in situ UV-vis spectroscopy.

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