scholarly journals Jalur Kereta Api Karawang – Padalarang, Jalur Pintas Batavia - Bandung

PANALUNGTIK ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 129-140
Author(s):  
Iwan Hermawan
Keyword(s):  
Natural Environment ◽  
West Coast ◽  
East Coast ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
North Coast ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
Mountainous Areas ◽  
The West ◽  
The North ◽  
Speed Up

The Batavia – Bandung rail way is part of the construction of the main rail way on the island of Java which connects the west coast with the east coast of Java. This rail way is also a link between Priangan and Tanjungpriuk port on the north coast of Java, and the port of Cilacap on the south coast of Java. This paper aims to describe the reasons for the construction of the Karawang – Padalarang rail way and the railway facilities built on this route. The method used to answer these problems is descriptive analysis method with a chorological approach. The construction of the Karawang – Padalarang route was an effort to shorten the distance and speed up the journey of Batavia Bandung, even though it had to overcome natural obstacles in the form of mountainous areas with deep and wide valleys and high hills. The condition of the natural environment of the natural environment requires the construction of long and high bridges and tunnels to penetrate the hills.

scholarly journals ROME AT SEA: THE BEGINNINGS OF ROMAN NAVAL POWER

2017 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. V. Harris
Keyword(s):  
West Coast ◽  
Asia Minor ◽  
North Coast ◽  
The West ◽  
Naval Power ◽  
The North

Between the Battle of Mylae in 260 bc (when Rome defeated Carthage off the north coast of Sicily) and the Battle of Myonnesus in 190 (when Rome defeated the Seleucid navy off the west coast of Asia Minor), the Romans established naval domination over the whole Mediterranean. Scholars generally believe, for quite good reasons, that this process of naval aggrandisement began abruptly, the Romans having previously taken no interest in the sea. That, after all, is what Polybius quite clearly says.

scholarly journals Peran Wilayah Negeri Larike pada Masa Kolonial

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 65
Author(s):  
Syahruddin Mansyur
Keyword(s):  
West Coast ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
Colonial Period ◽  
Historical Background ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
Archaeological Remains ◽  
The West ◽  
Administrative Center

Sejak kehadiran bangsa Eropa Khususnya Belanda di Nusantara, berbagai upaya dilakukan untuk menguasai perdagangan termasuk di Kepulauan Maluku sebagai sumber utama produksi cengkih. Latar historis ini dapat diamati melalui sebaran tinggalan arkeologi masa Kolonial yang ada di wilayah ini, salah satunya adalah Negeri Larike yang berada di pesisir barat Jazirah Leihitu. Melalui metode analisis deskriptif dan analogi sejarah, tulisan ini dimaksudkan untuk mengidentifikasi sebaran tinggalan arkeologi yang ada di Negeri Larike, serta peran wilayah Negeri Larike dalam konteks historis masa Kolonial. Hasil penelitian mengungkap bahwa terdapat beberapa tinggalan arkeologi yang ada di wilayah ini. Ragam tinggalan tersebut sekaligus memberi gambaran peran wilayah sebagai salah satu wilayah pemusatan produksi cengkih dan pusat administrasi pemerintahan Belanda untuk wilayah Pesisir Barat Jazirah Leihitu. Since the presence of Europeans Especially the Dutch in the archipelago, various attempts were made to control the trade, including in the Maluku Islands as the main source of production of cloves. This historical background can be observed through the distribution of archaeological remains of the colonial period in this region, one of which is the Larike Village located in the west coast of Leihitu Peninsula. Through descriptive analysis method and historical analogies, this paper is intended to identify the distribution  of archaeological remains exist in Larike Village, as well as the role of the territory Larike Village in historical context Colonial period. Results of the study revealed that there are several archaeological remains exist in this region. The remains variety as well as describing the role of the region as one of the area concentration clove production and administrative center of the Dutch government for the territory of the West Coast Leihitu Peninsula.

scholarly journals Gubernur Jenderal VOC Jan Pieterszoon Coen dan Pembangun Kota Batavia (1619-1629)

Sosio e-kons ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 54
Author(s):  
Rani Noviyanti
Keyword(s):  
West Coast ◽  
North Coast ◽  
The West ◽  
The North ◽  
The Social ◽  
The City

<p>ABSTRACT</p><p>The establishment of the city of Batavia on the west coast of the north coast of Java, cannot be separated from the role of a figure named Jean Pieterzoon Coen. Although previously Jayakarta (the name before Batavia), was controlled and built by Pangeran Fatahillah, the situation and conditions in the social and economic fields of Jayakarta were not like the management of J.P. Coen. After Jayakarta was controlled by the VOC, through a military expedition policy designed by JP. Coen, the condition of the city of Jayakarta slowly gradually increased in the social and economic fields. The increase in the city of Batavia in the social and economic fields was based on three JP policies. Coen was quite brave, namely increasing trade activities in the Sunda port of Kalapa, revitalizing the position of the islands in northern Batavia as a base of administration and defense and security, and opening the widest door for Chinese traders and immigrants. The three policies, in fact, were purely based on the thoughts outlined by JP. Coen, after taking over the Jayakarta area from the mastery of Prince Fatahillah.</p><p>Keywords: J.P. Coen, Kota Batavia.</p><p><strong><em>ABSTRAK</em></strong></p><p>Pendirian kota Batavia di sebelah barat pesisir pantai utara Jawa, tidak dapat dipisahkan dari peran seorang tokoh yang bernama Jean Pieterzoon Coen. Meskipun sebelumnya Jayakarta (nama sebelum Batavia), dikuasai dan dibangun oleh Pangeran Fatahillah, akan tetapi situasi dan kondisi dalam bidang sosial dan ekonomi Jayakarta tidak seperti pada masa pengelolaan J.P. Coen. Setelah Jayakarta dikuasai oleh VOC, melalui kebijakan ekspedisi militer yang dirancang oleh JP. Coen, keadaan kota Jayakarta perlahan demi perlahan semakin meningkat dalam bidang sosial dan ekonomi. Peningkatan kota Batavia dalam lapangan sosial dan ekonomi dilatari oleh tiga kebijakan JP. Coen yang cukup berani, yakni meningkatkan aktivitas perdagangan di pelabuhan Sunda Kalapa, merevitalisasi kedudukan pulau-pulau di utara Batavia sebagai basis adiministrasi dan pertahanan dan keamanan, serta membuka pintu seluas-luasnya bagi pedagang dan pendatang etnis Tionghoa. Tiga kebijakan tersebut, sejatinya meurpakan murni hasil pemikiran yang dituangkan olh JP. Coen, setelah mengambil alih wilayah Jayakarta dari penguasaan pangeran Fatahillah.</p><p>Kata Kunci : J.P. Coen, Kota Batavia.</p>

scholarly journals Analisis Pertumbuhan Dan Persebaran Penduduk Provinsi Sumatera Utara Berdasarkan Hasil Sensus Penduduk Tahun 2010

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Mbina Pinem
Keyword(s):  
Population Growth ◽  
West Coast ◽  
East Coast ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
The West ◽  
The North ◽  
Spatial Approach ◽  
North Sumatra ◽  
Coast Region

This research porposes to understand growth and spread of population in Province of North Sumatra. The method used here is decriptive analysis of secondary data with the spatial approach. Whereas the object of research are the number of population, the population growth, and spread of population of North Sumatra Province based on 2010 census of Indonesian pupulation. The outcome of research represents that the population growth of Province of North Sumatra from 2000 to 2010 average of 1,22 percent per year. Then, the highest population growth found in Regency of Middle Tapanuli (2,46 percent), followed by Regency of Karo (2,17 percent), and South Tapanuli Regency (2,12 percent). Meanwhile the lowest population growth found in Siantar Town (-029 percent) and followed by Toba Samosir Regency (0,38 percent) and Simalungun Regency (-0,46 percent). As the spread of pupulation in the North Sumatra Province is not prevalent, as the settlements spreads nearly 62,87 percent on the east coast region, whereas only 3,05 percent on the west coast, and the rest 4,85 percent on the Nias Islands.

Sea-Breeze 1899–1972

1973 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-25
Author(s):  
H. W. Tilman
Keyword(s):  
West Coast ◽  
East Coast ◽  
Canadian Arctic ◽  
Sea Breeze ◽  
Ellesmere Island ◽  
The West ◽  
Baffin Bay ◽  
The North ◽  
North Water ◽  
Ice Conditions

In the summer of 1972 my intention had been to sail up the west coast of Greenland to Baffin Bay (the North Water of whaling days) to land somewhere on the south-east coast of Ellesmere Island and if possible climb a mountain. As the great Von Moltke used to remind his staff, few plans withstand contact with the enemy, and this plan had to be dropped. Since ice conditions in the Canadian Arctic were severe this forced change of plan should have been welcome but in fact it proved fatal.

4 The Tyara Site

1968 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
pp. 44-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
William E. Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Sandy Beach ◽  
North Coast ◽  
National Museum ◽  
The West ◽  
Rock Outcrops ◽  
Small Boat ◽  
The North

The Tyara site, KkFb-7 in the National Museum catalogue and site file, faces the north coast of the Ungava mainland and rests on the west shore of Sugluk Island (Fig. 1). That island stands about five hundred yards from the mainland and from Sugluk Inlet, one of the few good harbors on that coast. This handsome little island, about one and one-half miles long and as wide, consists of rounded, rugged, hardrock hills that shelter well-vegetated, generally flat-floored valleys. The valleys often contain marshy patches. The shore, of variable incline, is quite jagged, a result of abrupt rock outcrops projecting seaward from brief stretches of sandy beach. The shore facing the mainland is, therefore, quite convenient for small boat use. Dark grey gneisses seem to predominate, although they are often cut by dykes and veins of lighter material, notably quartz. The dense, green valley and hillside vegetation includes willows, mosses, grasses, lichens, and a pleasant profusion of arctic wild flowers (Polunin 1948, Pt. III). I was told at Sugluk that at the head of the inlet, willows, growing in protected situations, reach the thickness of a man's wrist.

scholarly journals ENSO and Wintertime Extreme Precipitation Events over the Contiguous United States

2008 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siegfried D. Schubert ◽  
Yehui Chang ◽  
Max J. Suarez ◽  
Philip J. Pegion
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
West Coast ◽  
Extreme Precipitation ◽  
East Coast ◽  
Daily Precipitation ◽  
Precipitation Variability ◽  
The West ◽  
Extreme Precipitation Events ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Precipitation Events

Abstract In this study the authors examine the impact of El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) on precipitation events over the continental United States using 49 winters (1949/50–1997/98) of daily precipitation observations and NCEP–NCAR reanalyses. The results are compared with those from an ensemble of nine atmospheric general circulation model (AGCM) simulations forced with observed SST for the same time period. Empirical orthogonal functions (EOFs) of the daily precipitation fields together with compositing techniques are used to identify and characterize the weather systems that dominate the winter precipitation variability. The time series of the principal components (PCs) associated with the leading EOFs are analyzed using generalized extreme value (GEV) distributions to quantify the impact of ENSO on the intensity of extreme precipitation events. The six leading EOFs of the observations are associated with major winter storm systems and account for more than 50% of the daily precipitation variability along the West Coast and over much of the eastern part of the country. Two of the leading EOFs (designated GC for Gulf Coast and EC for East Coast) together represent cyclones that develop in the Gulf of Mexico and occasionally move and/or redevelop along the East Coast producing large amounts of precipitation over much of the southern and eastern United States. Three of the leading EOFs represent storms that hit different sections of the West Coast (designated SW for Southwest coast, WC for the central West Coast, and NW for northwest coast), while another represents storms that affect the Midwest (designated by MW). The winter maxima of several of the leading PCs are significantly impacted by ENSO such that extreme GC, EC, and SW storms that occur on average only once every 20 years (20-yr storms) would occur on average in half that time under sustained El Niño conditions. In contrast, under La Niña conditions, 20-yr GC and EC storms would occur on average about once in 30 years, while there is little impact of La Niña on the intensity of the SW storms. The leading EOFs from the model simulations and their connections to ENSO are for the most part quite realistic. The model, in particular, does very well in simulating the impact of ENSO on the intensity of EC and GC storms. The main model discrepancies are the lack of SW storms and an overall underestimate of the daily precipitation variance.

Military Operations on the North Front of Mount Taurus. IV.—The Campaigns of 319 and 320 B.C

1923 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
William Mitchell Ramsay
Keyword(s):  
West Coast ◽  
Asia Minor ◽  
Great Length ◽  
Military Operations ◽  
The West ◽  
Full Account ◽  
The Road ◽  
The North

In a footnote in J.H.S. 1918, p. 144, I stated the view that the battle (319 B.C.) in which Antigonus defeated Alketas and the associated generals took place in the αὐλὼν which leads from the N.E. corner of the Limnai towards Pisidian Antioch, carrying the southern or Pisidian road across Asia Minor eastward. This important route, regarded as a highway from the west coast to the Cilician Gates, is a recent discovery, though parts of it have been often described and traversed. In J.H.S. 1920, p. 89 f., I have argued that it was the road by which Xerxes' great army marched from Kritalla to Kelainai.There are two authorities on whom we depend for details of the battle of 319 B.C., Polyaenus Strat. 4, 6, 7 and Diodorus 18, 44; but both of these gather all their information from that excellent military writer Hieronymus of Cardia, the friend and historian of Eumenes. Polyaenus tells the story with soldierly brevity, relating only the chief military features: Diodorus diffusely and at great length; but so that we can recognise Hieronymus behind and beneath, and restore the full account as given by that writer.

PASTURE SEED MIXTURE FOR HIGH RAINFALL DISTRICTS

1937 ◽  
pp. 71-78
Author(s):  
A. Stuart
Keyword(s):  
West Coast ◽  
The South ◽  
The West ◽  
High Rainfall ◽  
The North ◽  
Seed Mixture ◽  
Rainfall Map

In dealing with this subject it is essential to define the high rainfall districts, and on, perusing a rainfall map it was found, contrary to expectations, that the greater part of the North Island, as represented by the Auckland Province and Taranaki, has a rainfall of over 50 inches per annum. In the same category falls the West Coast of the South Island and all of Stewart Island.

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