Sea-Breeze 1899–1972

1973 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-25
Author(s):  
H. W. Tilman
Keyword(s):  
West Coast ◽  
East Coast ◽  
Canadian Arctic ◽  
Sea Breeze ◽  
Ellesmere Island ◽  
The West ◽  
Baffin Bay ◽  
The North ◽  
North Water ◽  
Ice Conditions

In the summer of 1972 my intention had been to sail up the west coast of Greenland to Baffin Bay (the North Water of whaling days) to land somewhere on the south-east coast of Ellesmere Island and if possible climb a mountain. As the great Von Moltke used to remind his staff, few plans withstand contact with the enemy, and this plan had to be dropped. Since ice conditions in the Canadian Arctic were severe this forced change of plan should have been welcome but in fact it proved fatal.

scholarly journals Analisis Pertumbuhan Dan Persebaran Penduduk Provinsi Sumatera Utara Berdasarkan Hasil Sensus Penduduk Tahun 2010

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Mbina Pinem
Keyword(s):  
Population Growth ◽  
West Coast ◽  
East Coast ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
The West ◽  
The North ◽  
Spatial Approach ◽  
North Sumatra ◽  
Coast Region

This research porposes to understand growth and spread of population in Province of North Sumatra. The method used here is decriptive analysis of secondary data with the spatial approach. Whereas the object of research are the number of population, the population growth, and spread of population of North Sumatra Province based on 2010 census of Indonesian pupulation. The outcome of research represents that the population growth of Province of North Sumatra from 2000 to 2010 average of 1,22 percent per year. Then, the highest population growth found in Regency of Middle Tapanuli (2,46 percent), followed by Regency of Karo (2,17 percent), and South Tapanuli Regency (2,12 percent). Meanwhile the lowest population growth found in Siantar Town (-029 percent) and followed by Toba Samosir Regency (0,38 percent) and Simalungun Regency (-0,46 percent). As the spread of pupulation in the North Sumatra Province is not prevalent, as the settlements spreads nearly 62,87 percent on the east coast region, whereas only 3,05 percent on the west coast, and the rest 4,85 percent on the Nias Islands.

scholarly journals Abundance of Atlantic walrus in Western Nares Strait, Baffin Bay Stock, during summer

2014 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert EA Stewart ◽  
Erik W Born ◽  
Rune Dietz ◽  
Mads Peter Heide-Jørgensen ◽  
Frank Farsø Rigét ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Surface ◽  
Open Water ◽  
Ellesmere Island ◽  
Baffin Bay ◽  
Nares Strait ◽  
The North ◽  
North Water Polynya ◽  
Odobenus Rosmarus ◽  
North Water ◽  
Odobenus Rosmarus Rosmarus

Atlantic walruses (Odobenus rosmarus rosmarus) belonging to the Baffin Bay subpopulation occur year round in the North Water polynya (NOW) between NW Greenland and eastern Ellesmere Island (Canada). They are hunted for subsistence purposes by residents of the Qaanaaq area (NW Greenland) bordering the NOW to the east and by Canadian Inuit at the entrance to Jones Sound in Nunavut. During the open-water period NW Greenland is virtually devoid of walruses which concentrate along eastern and southern Ellesmere Island at this time of the year. To determine the abundance of walruses in the NOW area, aerial surveys were conducted in August of 1999, 2008, and 2009. In July 2009, nine satellite-linked transmitters were deployed in nearby Kane Basin. Surveys on 9 and 20 August 2009 along eastern Ellesmere Island were the most extensive and were augmented with concomitant data on haul-out and at water surface activity from three (1 F, 2 M) of the nine tags that were still functioning. We therefore focus on the 2009 surveys. Walruses were observed on the ice and in water primarily in Buchanan Bay and Princess Marie Bay where the remaining functional tags were located. The Minimum Counted population (MCP) was 571 on 20 August. Adjusting the MCP of walruses on ice for those not hauled out, the estimate of abundance of walruses in the Baffin Bay stock was 1,251(CV=1.00, 95% CI = 1,226) when adjusted by the proportion of tags ‘dry’ at the time of the survey and 1,249 (CV=1.12, 95% CI = 1,370) when adjusted by the average time tags were dry. The surveys did not cover all potential walrus summering habitat along eastern Ellesmere Island and are negatively biased to an unknown degree.

scholarly journals Eastward-Propagating Undular Bores over Cape York Peninsula

2009 ◽  
Vol 137 (8) ◽  
pp. 2632-2645 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert A. Goler
Keyword(s):  
West Coast ◽  
East Coast ◽  
Mesoscale Model ◽  
Deep Convection ◽  
Sea Breeze ◽  
Morning Glory ◽  
Sudden Increase ◽  
Stable Layer ◽  
The West ◽  
Cape York

Abstract The existence of eastward-propagating bores over Cape York Peninsula is shown from data obtained during the Gulf Lines Experiment (GLEX) conducted during September and October 2002 and from numerical modeling experiments. The disturbances were detected regularly at two stations, observable on 24 days during the 40-day experiment. The passage of a typical disturbance exhibits a sudden increase in pressure of around 1 hPa, often accompanied by undulations, and a change in the wind speed and direction from an easterly to a westerly flow. Disturbances were not observed during days of strong easterly flow. A two-dimensional nonhydrostatic mesoscale model is used to examine the formation of these disturbances. It is shown that the west coast sea breeze is shallow and does not penetrate far inland because of the opposing low-level easterly flow. In contrast, the east coast sea breeze is deeper and is less stable because it is modified by daytime convective mixing as it crosses the peninsula. As the east coast sea breeze overrides the west coast sea breeze, the west coast sea breeze produces an eastward-propagating bore on the stable layer laid down by the east coast sea breeze. About 2 h after generation, the bore becomes undular. These eastward-propagating disturbances are shown to be associated with the westward-propagating north Australian cloud line and the northeasterly morning glory. In addition, it is shown here that an undular bore can be formed when cold-air downdrafts from afternoon deep convection enter the stable layer created by the east coast sea breeze. Four events from GLEX are believed to have been formed in this way. The eastward-propagating disturbances produced in this way are accompanied neither by the north Australian cloud line nor by the northeasterly morning glory.

scholarly journals Searching for Franklin where he was ordered to go: Captain Erasmus Ommanney's sledging campaign to Cape Walker and beyond, spring 1851

Polar Record ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 52 (4) ◽  
pp. 474-498
Author(s):  
W. Barr
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
West Coast ◽  
East Coast ◽  
The West ◽  
Northwest Passage ◽  
Ice Conditions ◽  
To Come ◽  
Detailed Search ◽  
Northeast Coast

ABSTRACTSince the Admiralty's instructions to Captain Sir John Franklin for his attempt at a transit of the northwest passage in HMS Erebus and Terror in 1845 specified that he should proceed to Cape Walker at the northeastern tip of Russell Island, and head southwest from there to the waterways already explored along the mainland coast of North America, as far as ice conditions and any intervening land permitted, it was natural that the first search expedition to come within striking distance of Cape Walker, should make this one of the starting points of its detailed search. This was the squadron of Captain Horatio Austin that wintered off the northeast coast of Griffith Island in 1850–1851. Following his orders, in the spring of 1851 Captain Erasmus Ommanney of HMS Assistance set off with an impressive cavalcade of seven man-hauled sledges, most of them support sledges. From Cape Walker Lt. William Browne searched the east coast of Prince of Wales Island, that is the western shores of Peel Sound while Ommanney himself and Lt. Sherard Osborn searched the west coast of Prince of Wales Island, that is the east shore of McClintock Channel. No traces of Franklin's expedition were found. Their conclusions were that both McClintock Channel and Peel Sound were permanently blocked with ice, and that Franklin's ships could not have travelled south by either route. While the conclusion as regards McClintock Channel was absolutely correct, that with regard to Peel Sound was incorrect. This must have been the route whereby Erebus and Terror had reached the vicinity of King William Island, and the conclusion that Peel Sound never cleared of ice was very unfortunate in that the next search expedition dispatched by the Admiralty, that of Captain Sir Edward Belcher in 1852–1854 made no attempt to penetrate south, when it is possible that Peel Sound was clear of ice.

scholarly journals Low-Level Convergence Lines over Northeastern Australia. Part I: The North Australian Cloud Line

2006 ◽  
Vol 134 (11) ◽  
pp. 3092-3108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Goler ◽  
Michael J. Reeder ◽  
Roger K. Smith ◽  
Harald Richter ◽  
Sarah Arnup ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
West Coast ◽  
East Coast ◽  
Gravity Current ◽  
Leading Edge ◽  
Sea Breeze ◽  
Land Breeze ◽  
The West ◽  
Sea Breezes ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Cape York

Abstract Observations of dry-season north Australian cloud lines (NACLs) that form in the Gulf of Carpentaria region of northern Australia and the sea-breeze circulations that initiate them are described. The observations were made during the 2002 Gulf Lines Experiment (GLEX) and include measurements made by an instrumented research aircraft. The observations are compared with numerical simulations made from a two-dimensional cloud-scale model. Particular emphasis is placed on the interaction between the east coast and west coast sea breezes near the west coast of Cape York Peninsula. The sea breezes are highly asymmetric due to the low-level easterly synoptic flow over the peninsula. The west coast sea breeze is well defined with a sharp leading edge since the opposing flow limits its inland penetration, keeping it close to its source of cold air. In contrast, the east coast sea breeze is poorly defined since it is aided by the easterly flow and becomes highly modified by daytime convective mixing as it crosses over the peninsula. Both the observations and the numerical model show that, in the early morning hours, the mature NACL forms at the leading edge of a gravity current. The numerical model simulations show that this gravity current arises as a westward-moving land breeze from Cape York Peninsula. Convergence at the leading edge of this land breeze is accompanied by ascent, which when strong enough produces cloud. Observations show that the decay of the NACL is associated with a decline in the low-level convergence and a weakening of the ascent.

21.—The History of the North Water

1972 ◽  
Vol 72 (1) ◽  
pp. 231-241 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moira Dunbar ◽  
M. J. Dunbar
Keyword(s):  
Open Water ◽  
Baffin Island ◽  
The West ◽  
Baffin Bay ◽  
The North ◽  
Open Sea ◽  
Bylot Island ◽  
North Water ◽  
North Part ◽  
History Of

In 1616 William Baffin, coasting up the icebound west coast of Greenland, reported: ‘The first of July we were come into an open sea, in the latitude of 75 degrees 40 minutes, which a new revived our hope of a passage…’ (Purchas 1625). From this point, at an unspecified longitude in the north part of Melville Bay, he cruised for 12 days in open water, up the Greenland coast to 77°30'N and down the west side of Baffin Bay to Bylot Island, seeing and naming on the way Smith, Jones, and Lancaster sounds. From Bylot Island south he found ‘a ledge of ice between the shoare and us’ as he continued past Pond Inlet and down the coast of Baffin Island. This is the first mention in written records, and the first known navigation, of an area that became well known two centuries later as the ‘North Water’.

scholarly journals Stratigraphy and hystricurid trilobites of the Christian Elv Formation (Lower Ordovician) of western North Greenland

1989 ◽  
Vol 144 ◽  
pp. 5-15
Author(s):  
R.A Fortey ◽  
J.S Peel
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Shallow Water ◽  
Canadian Arctic ◽  
Ellesmere Island ◽  
The West ◽  
Early Ordovician ◽  
The North ◽  
Lower Ordovician ◽  
A New Species ◽  
North Greenland

The Christian Elv Formation (Early Ordovician) of Daugaard-Jensen Land, western North Greenland, is formally proposed and recognised from southern Hall Land, in the east, to western Ellesmere Island in the Canadian Arctic Islands, to the west. The formation in its type section includes a shallow water trilobite fauna suggesting a mid-Tremadoc age; conodonts indicate the Rossodus manitouensis Zone af the North American Midcontinent Realm. Two species af hystricurid trilobites are present, of which one, Hystricurus scrofulosus, is dcscribed as a new species. The distribution of Hystricurus followed the early Ordovician palaeo-equator and was not confined by palaeocontinental boundaries. Paraplethopeltis is considered to be a subgcnus af Hystricurus.

scholarly journals Jalur Kereta Api Karawang – Padalarang, Jalur Pintas Batavia - Bandung

PANALUNGTIK ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 129-140
Author(s):  
Iwan Hermawan
Keyword(s):  
Natural Environment ◽  
West Coast ◽  
East Coast ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
North Coast ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
Mountainous Areas ◽  
The West ◽  
The North ◽  
Speed Up

The Batavia – Bandung rail way is part of the construction of the main rail way on the island of Java which connects the west coast with the east coast of Java. This rail way is also a link between Priangan and Tanjungpriuk port on the north coast of Java, and the port of Cilacap on the south coast of Java. This paper aims to describe the reasons for the construction of the Karawang – Padalarang rail way and the railway facilities built on this route. The method used to answer these problems is descriptive analysis method with a chorological approach. The construction of the Karawang – Padalarang route was an effort to shorten the distance and speed up the journey of Batavia Bandung, even though it had to overcome natural obstacles in the form of mountainous areas with deep and wide valleys and high hills. The condition of the natural environment of the natural environment requires the construction of long and high bridges and tunnels to penetrate the hills.

scholarly journals Holocene polynya dynamics and their interaction with oceanic heat transport in northernmost Baffin Bay

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca Jackson ◽  
Anna Bang Kvorning ◽  
Audrey Limoges ◽  
Eleanor Georgiadis ◽  
Steffen M. Olsen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sediment Cores ◽  
Active Role ◽  
Atlantic Water ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Baffin Bay ◽  
The North ◽  
North Water ◽  
History Of ◽  
Ocean Conditions

AbstractBaffin Bay hosts the largest and most productive of the Arctic polynyas: the North Water (NOW). Despite its significance and active role in water mass formation, the history of the NOW beyond the observational era remains poorly known. We reconcile the previously unassessed relationship between long-term NOW dynamics and ocean conditions by applying a multiproxy approach to two marine sediment cores from the region that, together, span the Holocene. Declining influence of Atlantic Water in the NOW is coeval with regional records that indicate the inception of a strong and recurrent polynya from ~ 4400 yrs BP, in line with Neoglacial cooling. During warmer Holocene intervals such as the Roman Warm Period, a weaker NOW is evident, and its reduced capacity to influence bottom ocean conditions facilitated northward penetration of Atlantic Water. Future warming in the Arctic may have negative consequences for this vital biological oasis, with the potential knock-on effect of warm water penetration further north and intensified melt of the marine-terminating glaciers that flank the coast of northwest Greenland.

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