The City of Oslo in Jan Erik Vold’s Poems

2021 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 219-230
Author(s):  
Raluca-Daniela Duinea
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Identity ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Social Criticism ◽  
Capital City ◽  
Urban Landscapes ◽  
Reading Technique ◽  
Social Critical ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
The City ◽  
Selection Of

"The City of Oslo in Jan Erik Vold’s Poems. The aim of this paper is to examine, from a cultural and social perspective, the Norwegian urban areas and everyday situations in Jan Erik Vold’s (b. 1939) poems. Our close-reading technique reveals important social aspects, different places and streets, located in the capital city of Norway, Oslo. These urban poems written by the contemporary Norwegian poet Jan Erik Vold contribute to the reconstruction of a new Norwegian cultural identity as it is reflected in a selection of poems taken from Mor Godhjertas glade versjon. Ja (Mother Goodhearted’s Happy Version. Yes, 1968), followed by the poet’s wanderings in the city of Oslo in En som het Abel Ek (One Named Abel Ek, 1988), and concluding with his bitter social criticism in Elg (Moose, 1989) and IKKE. Skillingstrykk fra nittitallet (Not: Broadsides from the Nineties, 1993). Vold’s urban poems emphasise the transition from nyenkle (new simple), friendly and descriptive poems which present closely the city of Oslo on foot, to short, political and social critical poems from the 90s. Thus, it is of great importance to traverse various urban ‘landscapes’ in different periods of time, beginning with the 1960s, followed by the 80s and the 90s. Keywords: Jan Erik Vold, urban poems, social criticism, Norwegian urban areas, the city of Oslo "

scholarly journals Approach to develop a climate change resilience assessment framework

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. Cardoso ◽  
R. S. Brito ◽  
M. C. Almeida
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Stakeholder Involvement ◽  
Sustainable Urban Development ◽  
Assessment Framework ◽  
Fields Of Study ◽  
The City ◽  
Climate Change Resilience ◽  
Resilience Assessment ◽  
Selection Of

Abstract Urban areas are complex, vulnerable and continuously evolving, with interacting strategic services, assets and stakeholders. Potential effects of climate dynamics on urban areas may include the aggravation of current conditions, with identification of new hazards or risk drivers. These challenges require an integrated and forward-looking approach to sustainable urban development. Several tools and frameworks for assessing resilience have already been developed in different fields of study. However, aiming to focus on climate change, urban services and infrastructure, some specific needs were identified. In this light, a resilience assessment framework was developed to direct and facilitate an objective-driven resilience diagnosis of urban cities and services; to support decisions on selection of resilience measures and development of strategies to enhance resilience to climate change; to outline a path to co-build resilience action plans; and to track the progress of resilience in the city or in the service over time. The paper presents an outline of the structure of the framework and details the approach used in its development, including engagement tools and actions undertaken to assure stakeholder involvement in its development, validation and testing.

scholarly journals Periurbanization and conservation pressures over remnants of native vegetation: impact on ecosystem services for a Latin-American capital city

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco de la Barrera ◽  
Cristián Henríquez ◽  
Fanny Coulombié ◽  
Cynnamon Dobbs ◽  
Alejando Salazar
Keyword(s):  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Urban Expansion ◽  
Capital City ◽  
Local Climate ◽  
Urban Green Spaces ◽  
Vegetation Impact ◽  
Development Alternatives ◽  
The City

Abstract Urban expansion in Latin-American cities is faster than urban planning. In order to implement sustainable planning the capacity of peri-urban areas to provide ecosystem services must be evaluated in the context of competing urbanization and conservation pressures. In this study we analyzed the effect of urban expansion on peri-urban vegetation of the Metropolitan Area of Santiago and what ecosystem services are provided by El Panul, land rich in biodiversity embedded in the fringe of the city. The city has lost vegetation while urbanized areas grow. Under this context, we evaluated the multi-functionality of El Panul through the quantification of three ecosystem services (ES): sense of place through the interviews of 60 residents, recreation via GIS analyses, and local climate regulation determined with air temperature measurements. El Panul increased the provision of urban green spaces, where inhabitants recognize and appreciate ES, and it plays a significant role in mitigating the urban heat island on summer nights. ES have emerged as a concept and framework for evaluating competing urban development alternatives.

scholarly journals Electricity services always in the making: Informality and the work of infrastructure maintenance and repair in an African city

Urban Studies ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. 510-525 ◽  
Author(s):  
Idalina Baptista
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Capital City ◽  
Urban Landscapes ◽  
Technical Approach ◽  
African City ◽  
Maintenance And Repair ◽  
Electricity Networks ◽  
Infrastructure Maintenance ◽  
Archival Work ◽  
Significant Attention

Access to ‘formal’ electricity networks remains a key challenge in many African urban areas. Significant attention has been paid to how access to an electricity connection should be provided, with much less attention paid to how electricity infrastructures are operated and maintained. Attention to how utilities govern the challenges inherent to ‘informality’ in the production of ‘formal’ networked infrastructure is less common, especially in African cities. Moreover, with a few notable exceptions, studies on infrastructure maintenance and repair treat ‘informality’ as a subtext to broader examinations of the uneven urban landscapes produced through infrastructure and its mediating technologies. Drawing on a socio-technical approach to electricity infrastructures, this article explores how utilities engage with ‘informality’ to produce access to ‘formal’ electricity networks through everyday processes of maintenance and repair. To this end, the article uses the empirical case of Mozambique’s national electricity company, EDM (Electricidade de Moçambique, E.P.) and its transition to an electricity network mediated by prepayment technologies in the capital city Maputo. The article argues that a socio-technical approach to infrastructures provides key insights into how utilities implicate the spatial and socio-economic dimensions of ‘informality’ in the design, delivery, and maintenance and repair of ‘formal’ electricity networks. Utilities do so through pragmatic, situated practices that sustain and continually produce and reproduce infrastructures in cities. This highlights how infrastructures are always precarious achievements and service delivery is always a process in the making. The article is based on deskwork, archival work, and fieldwork conducted by the author in Maputo since 2013.

scholarly journals Strategic Mapping and Optimised Allocation of Automated External Defibrillators in Urban Areas

2020 ◽  
pp. 138-145
Author(s):  
Kanteler Despoina ◽  
Katsaros Evangelos ◽  
Bakouros Yiannis
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Arrest ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Hot Spot ◽  
Public Access ◽  
Capital City ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Time Range ◽  
Public Access Defibrillation ◽  
Full Coverage ◽  
The City

<p><strong>Background</strong>: Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) is a leading cause of death and is regarded as a significant public health issue. Immediate treatment with an automated external defibrillator (AED) increases OHCA patient survival potential. For AEDs to be used and fulfil their lifesaving potential, they need to be in close proximity to the victim and accessible at the time of a cardiac arrest. The current paper sheds light upon an optimized location-allocation method achieving full coverage with immediate accessibility in an urban context given a limited number of available AEDs for deployment using GIS. The case study is the Region of Western Macedonia (RWM) in Greece for a pilot AED placement program for the Governance of RWM. The focus of the current study is the capital city of RWM, Kozani. The initial number of the defibrillators (120) that are needed to be distributed is very small and cannot cover the needs for every major city or rural area in the region. Out of the 120 AEDs, the challenge is to find the minimum required number of AEDs to allocate in the city providing full coverage and accessibility. This paper focuses only on one city, however, the same methodology was applied to allocate AEDs in the other selected cities of the region. The rural dimension and methodology are not in the scope of this paper. <br> <strong>Methods</strong>: Road network data, spatio-temporal analysis of accessibility network, digital elevation model, land uses, population density, seasonal fluctuations and socio-demographic variables were used. GIS algorithms such as spatial analysis, kernel density, hot spot analysis, maximal covering location problem (MCLP) tests, proximity algorithms, buffer zoning, were a few of the tests made in order to find the most efficient positions and maximize coverage keeping in mind that access to an AED until defibrillation time must not exceed the time range of five minutes. <br> <strong>Results</strong>: optimised sites and allocated AEDs in urban areas we managed to achieve full city coverage with 17 AEDs. In every part of the city, people can have access to a nearby AED with its critical radius of less than or equal to 250m achieving defibrillation in the critical period of 5 minutes. The results are promising for the establishment and expansion of optimised AED deployment in cities. <br> <strong>Conclusions</strong>: The progress of the project must be monitored and there are still unresolved problems that need to be tackled to provide a robust allocation of future defibrillators. Further research to enhance our understanding on public access defibrillation and optimize the accessibility and functionality of the medical health care services is needed. A network of engaged and informed citizens ready to act is required for a successful public access defibrillation program.</p>

scholarly journals THE MEDINA OF GABES: A THREATENED ARCHITECTURAL AND URBAN HERITAGE

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (7) ◽  
pp. 40-48
Author(s):  
Lassoued ◽  
Rejeb
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Identity ◽  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Biological Diversity ◽  
Urban Landscapes ◽  
Commercial Activity ◽  
Essential Component ◽  
Current State ◽  
Urban Heritage ◽  
Main Components ◽  
The City

The city of Gabes has been considered an important crossroads and a center of an old commercial activity for caravans and nomads since antiquity. This is in fact because it is famous for its unique coastal Mediterranean oasis. Coastal oases are essentially sources of great biological diversity and particular natural habitations, which altogether make an essential component of the cultural identity of the region. This key element of cultural heritage is unfortunately facing a lot of challenges which threaten its existence. The present study tries to understand the context of the evolution of the oasis dwelling and the traditional urban landscapes of the city of Gabes. It seeks to identify the typology of this traditional dwelling and characterize its main components. It also assesses its current state and the profound changes it is experiencing in an atmosphere of negligence from the side of state which has avoided adopting the principles of urgent intervention to promote, enhance it and preserve this dwelling against the undesirable effects of modernization.

scholarly journals Will Distance to the Capital City Matter When Supplying New Cities in Egypt?

GeoScape ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 35-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed R. Ibrahim ◽  
Houshmand E. Masoumi
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Capital City ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Occupancy Rate ◽  
Spatial Characteristics ◽  
Greater Cairo ◽  
Occupancy Rates ◽  
The City ◽  
Geographical Locations

Abstract Unlike other developing countries, the housing market in Egypt is characterized by densely populated urban areas in old cities and the peripheral urban agglomeration. In contrast, a high rate of vacancy along most of the new cities that have been established since the 1980s is seen. Regardless of such high rate of vacancies, still the variation in occupancy rates among those new cities is notable. Questions arising include: Does proximity to old cities or Greater Cairo affect the size of the population of the new cities? Is the size of the city or the year of establishment plays roles in attracting more inhabitants? The factors of spatial characteristics of new cities in Egypt remain questionable. This research aims to reveal the association between occupancy rate and six factors related to the spatial characteristics of new cities and their geographical locations, such as; current inhabitants, the estimated size of the target group, the size of new cities, total number of housing units, distance to nearby old city, and distance to Greater Cairo.

scholarly journals Diversity and natural history of birds in green urban areas of the city of Quito, Ecuador (America)

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diego F Cisneros-Heredia ◽  
Eliana Montenegro
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Capital City ◽  
Tropical Andes ◽  
Point Counts ◽  
American Kestrel ◽  
Bird Richness ◽  
Ecological Complexity ◽  
History Of ◽  
Line Transects ◽  
The City

The diversity and ecology of urban bird communities have been extensively studied in Neartic and Paleartic areas, however, little is known about urban Neotropical areas. Quito, capital city of Ecuador, is located on a highland valley in the megadiverse tropical Andes. Founded in 1534, Quito did not increase significantly its urban area until the late 19th century, growing at an accelerated and unplanned rate during the 20th century. More than 100 species were known to inhabit in Quito at the end of the 19th century. Currently, most authors estimated that no more than 40 species occur in Quito, although no systematic bird studies have been conducted. Our research is a first approach to the avifauna of Quito, surveying the diversity living in green urban areas within the city borders. We used two field methodologies, i.e. line transects and point counts, to survey 16 green urban areas over 12 months. We recorded 65 species of birds, belonging to 20 families and 9 orders. Three species were the most common and frequent: Eared Dove Zenaida auriculata, Rufous-collared Sparrow Zonotrichia capensis, and Great Thrush Turdus fuscater, being omnivores and granivores adapted to anthropic habitats with low ecological complexity. Six species were equally common but not as frequent: American Kestrel Falco sparverius, Sparkling Violetear Colibri coruscans, Black-tailed Trainbearer Lesbia victoriae, Brown-bellied Swallow Oreochelidon murina, Black Flowerpiercer Diglossa humeralis, and Cinereous Conebill Conirostrum cinereum, being nectarivores or small predators. All other species were either uncommon or rare, mainly insectivores and frugivores that prefer wildlife habitats with mid/high ecological complexity, and restricted to large urban parks with patches of native vegetation. We found a negative correlation between human impact and bird richness in all studied areas. These data provide important information to encourage better urban practices and to promote conservation and recovery of Quito’s native wildlife.

scholarly journals LANDSCAPE APPROACH IN CITY-PLANNING

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 71-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
Boris I. Kochurov ◽  
Yulia A. Khaziakhmetova ◽  
Irina V. Ivashkina ◽  
Ekaterina A. Sukmanova
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
Urban Space ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
City Planning ◽  
Planning System ◽  
Urban Landscapes ◽  
Landscape Approach ◽  
Visual Research Methods ◽  
Architectural Styles ◽  
The City

Aim. The aim is to justify the application of the landscape approach in urban planning on the basis of theoretical concepts of landscape studies and the requirements of urban planning practices. Discussion. The basic scheme of the landscape approach is to study the natural and anthropogenic landscape as a complex geosystem consisting of a complex of various components which form the planning structure of the city. In territorial and urban planning, the structure and properties of natural and urban landscapes are revealed using functional, historical-genetic, morphotypic, geo-ecological and visual research methods. Abroad, a similar trend is called "landscape urbanism", the theoretical basis of which is based on the understanding that the best option for the organization of urban areas should be based on the landscape features of the city. With the use of the above-mentioned approaches, an urban landscape approach is being formed, a new nature-urban planning system which, in addition to natural complexes, includes man-made structures: buildings, infrastructure, parks and squares. If the natural landscape is a self-regulating geo-system, then the urban one is controlled by man. When taking actions to transform natural landscapes should be taken into account their structure and functioning, as well as the limits of possible impacts and the likely consequences of these changes. Conclusion. The demand for a landscape approach is constantly growing as a result of the significant transformation of modern cities, the replacement of architectural styles, the growth of urban space and communications, the desire to improve the quality of the urban environment and the comfort of the urban population.

scholarly journals A SNAPSHOT OF HAPPINESS: PHOTO ALBUMS, RESPECTABILITY AND ECONOMIC UNCERTAINTY IN DAKAR

Africa ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 84 (1) ◽  
pp. 78-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beth Buggenhagen
Keyword(s):  
Urban Space ◽  
Social Networking Sites ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Urban Spaces ◽  
Capital City ◽  
City Centre ◽  
Rural Migrants ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
The City

ABSTRACTYoung women who live in the improvised urban spaces on the outskirts of Senegal's capital city, Dakar, extemporize their respectability in a time of fiscal uncertainty through personal photography. The neighbourhood of Khar Yalla is an improvised, interconnected and multilayered space settled by families removed from the city centre during clean-up campaigns from the 1960s to the 1970s, by families escaping conflict in Casamance and Guinea-Bissau, and by recent rural migrants. As much as Khar Yalla is an improvised neighbourhood, it is also a space of improvisation. When women pose for, display, and pass around portraits of themselves at key moments in their social life, whether in the medium of social networking sites or photo albums, they reveal as much as they conceal the elements of individual and social life. They index their social networks and constitute their urban space not as peripheral, but as central to the lives and imaginations of their siblings and spouses who live abroad. Photographs actively shape and construct urban spaces, which are often loud, unruly and fraught spaces with vast inequalities and incommensurabilities. How women deal with economic and social disparity, within their own families, communities, and globally, is the subject of this article.

scholarly journals Sustainable regeneration of urban areas (using the example of Moscow renovation program)

2019 ◽  
Vol 110 ◽  
pp. 01011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vladimir Rimshin ◽  
Roman Aralov
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Spatial Model ◽  
Environmental Problem ◽  
Economic Issue ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Mortgage Crisis ◽  
New Construction ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Medium Businesses ◽  
The City

The paper discusses advantages and disadvantages of the renovation program in the city of Moscow (Russia). This program of the Moscow government is aimed at demolishing low-rise housing built in the 1960s and new construction in the vacated territory. On the basis of the analysis of this program’s disadvantages, seven major problems were identified - a flaw in the socio-spatial model of the city, a threat to small and medium businesses, a mortgage crisis, an economic issue, a low level of apartment comfort, an environmental problem, and increase in population density. Various methods for the reconstruction of the five-story buildings of the first mass series with superstructure floors are considered.

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