Genetic variability of Indonesian landraces of Vigna subterranea: Morphological characteristics and molecular analysis using SSR markers

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
MUHAMMAD FAUZAN FARID ALHAMDI ◽  
Asep Setiawan ◽  
Satriyas Ilyas ◽  
Wai Kuan Ho
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Ssr Markers ◽  
Molecular Analysis ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Leaf Shape ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Bambara Groundnut ◽  
Vigna Subterranea ◽  
Alternative Source ◽  
Randomized Block Design

Abstract. Alhamdi MFF, Setiawan A, Ilyas S, Ho WK. 2020. Genetic variability of Indonesian landraces of Vigna subterranea: The morphological characteristics and molecular analysis using SSR markers. Biodiversitas 21: 3929-3937. Bambara groundnut (Vigna subterranea (L.) Verdc.) is a potential grain, which can be considered as an alternative source of protein and carbohydrate. Due to unavailability of commercial bambara groundut cultivar in Indonesia, the characterization of bambara groundnut landraces is an important step before developing cultivar with traits of interest. The objective of the research was to access genetic variability of Indonesian landraces of bambara groundnut with different seed coat colors based on morphological and molecular markers. The experiment was arranged as split-plot in a complete randomized block design with the main plot was cultivation methods and the sub plot was landraces. There were differences in leaf shape and pod shape among the landraces. There were two main clusters of Indonesian landraces of bambara groundnut with 88.28% similarity. The first cluster was Cream, Brown Sumedang, Black Sumedang and Black Tasikmalaya, and the second cluster was Black Sukabumi, Brown Gresik, Black Madura, and Black Gresik. The result based on SSR marker with capillary electrophoresis indicated Black Gresik and Black Madura landraces were different from other Indonesian landraces.  Cream Sumedang or Brown Sumedang from the first cluster and Black Gresik or Brown Gresik from the second cluster have the farthest distances for developing improved variety of bambara groundnut.

scholarly journals Stabilitas hasil dan adaptabilitas galur-galur harapan kacang Bogor di tiga lokasi

Kultivasi ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Darmawan Saptadi ◽  
Noer Rahmi Ardiarini ◽  
Budi Waluyo
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Bambara Groundnut ◽  
Yield Stability ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Vigna Subterranea ◽  
Land Type ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Adaptation Test ◽  
The Stability

AbstrakKacang Bogor (Vigna subterranea (L.) Verdcourt) potensial dikembangkan sebagai komoditi pangan rendah lemak. Pengembangan dan peningkatan hasil komoditas ini dapat dilakukan melalui penyediaan varietas unggul. Tujuan penelitian ini ialah untuk mengetahui stabilitas dan adaptabilitas hasil enam galur harapan kacang Bogor, yaitu GSG 2.1.1, GSG 2.5, GSG 1.5, CCC 1.4.1, PWBG 5.3.1, dan BBL 6.1.1.  Penelitian dilakukan di tiga lokasi yang memiliki karakteristik ketinggian tempat, kondisi lahan, dan musim tanam berbeda. Percobaan menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok dengan tiga ulangan yang dilanjutkan dengan analisis varians gabungan. Analisis regresi digunakan untuk menentukan stabilitas dan adaptabilitas hasil berdasarkan Eberhart-Russell dan Finlay-Wilkinson. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat interaksi genotipe x lingkungan pada bobot hasil panen polong segar dan bobot hasil biji kering. Galur GSG 2.5 dan CCC 1.4.1 mempunyai hasil polong segar dengan  rata-rata 15,50 t ha-1 dan 15,71 t ha-1 dan hasil biji kering dengan rata-rata 4,58 t ha-1 dan 4,57 t.ha-1 yang stabil dan beradaptasi luas. Galur GSG 1.5 dan BBL 6.1.1 merupakan galur yang mempunyai potensi hasil tinggi untuk polong segar dengan rata-rata 17,16 t ha-1 dan 18,90 t.ha-1 pada lingkungan yang produktif.Kata Kunci: interaksi G x E, kacang Bogor, pemuliaan tanaman, stabilitas hasil, uji adaptasi Abstract The bambara groundnut (Vigna subterranea (L.) Verdcourt) has the potential to become a low-fat food commodity. The development and improvement of this commodity yield can be accomplished through the introduction of superior varieties. The purpose of this study were to investigate the yield stability and adaptation of six potential Bambara groundnut lines, namely GSG 2.1.1, GSG 2.5, GSG 1.5, CCC 1.4.1, PWBG 5.3.1, and BBL 6.1.1. The study was carried out in three different locations with varying altitude, land type, and growing season. A randomized block design with three replications was implemented in the experiment, which was then followed by a combined analysis of variance. Regression analysis was used to determine the stability and adaptation of yield based on Eberhart-Russell and Finlay-Wilkinson. The results revealed that there was an interaction between genotypes and environments on yield of fresh pods weight and yield of dried seeds weight. Lines of GSG 2.5 and CCC 1.4.1 had fresh pod yields with an average of 15.50 t ha-1 and 15.71 t ha-1 and dry seed yields an average of 4.58 t ha-1 and 4.57 t  ha-1 which is stable and wide adaptations. In an ideal environment, the GSG 1.5 and BBL 6.1.1 lines had high yield potential for fresh pods, with an average of 17.16 t ha-1 and 18.90 t ha-1.Keywords:  adaptation test, Bambara groundnut, G x E interaction, plant breeding, yield stability 

scholarly journals Genetic divergence among Brachiara humidicola (Rendle) Schweick hybrids evaluated in the Western Brazilian Amazon

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 224-231 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giselle Mariano Lessa de Assis ◽  
Cléia Florentino dos Santos ◽  
Patrícia Silva Flores ◽  
Cacilda Borges do Valle
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Recurrent Selection ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Plant Performance ◽  
Clustering Techniques ◽  
Selection Strategies ◽  
Randomized Block Design

The objectives of this study were to detect genetic variability among genotypes of Brachiara humidicola, study the genetic diversity and identify redundant variables in the discrimination of hybrids. Fifteen genotypes were evaluated for morphological, agronomic and nutritive characteristics in a randomized block design with six replications, in Rio Branco, Acre. Analysis of variance was performed, followed by the Scott-Knott test. Different techniques of multivariate analysis were used to study genetic diversity. Significant differences in plant performance were observed for agronomic and morphological characteristics, but not for nutritive value. There was consistency between the different clustering techniques. Four redundant characteristics were identified that can be discarded. The existence of divergent and superior hybrids that can be used in recurrent selection (sexual) programs or can be released as new (apomictic) cultivars after testing for animal response was confirmed. The lack of genetic variability in bromatological traits indicates the need for differentiated selection strategies.

scholarly journals Genetic Variability and Molecular Diversity Analysis in Turmeric (Curcuma longa L.)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Priya Patel ◽  
R.K. Patel ◽  
K.G. Modha ◽  
Thokchom Joydeep Singh ◽  
Manju Singh
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Ssr Markers ◽  
Coefficient Of Variation ◽  
Molecular Diversity ◽  
Curcuma Longa ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Herbaceous Plant ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
The Family ◽  
Agronomical Traits

Background: Turmeric is an age old herbaceous plant belonging to the family Zingiberaceae growing in Tropical Africa and India with huge national and international demands. Conventionally, turmeric accessions are characterized using morphological and agronomical traits but less work is done in molecular characterization which is needed for thorough trait identification. Methods: The investigation was carried out during Kharif 2016-17 and comprised of thirty diverse genotypes of turmeric analyzed for genetic variability and molecular diversity which were evaluated in randomized block design with two replications. Fresh tender leaves were used to isolate DNA and PCR was performed with 9 SSR markers. Result: The values of phenotypic coefficient of variation were slightly higher than genotypic coefficient of variation. Highest heritability was observed for days to maturity, genetic advance was observed highest for green rhizome yield. Out of 9 SSR markers, primer pair 5, 6, 7, 8 and 9 were reported to exhibit 100% polymorphism, whereas; in terms of PIC, primer pairs 6 and 9 were found to be highly efficient ones. The similarity coefficient ranged from 0.44 to 1.00 and dendogram categorized the 30 genotypes into two main clusters.

scholarly journals Morphological Variation in Selected Accessions of Bambara Groundnut (Vigna subterranea L. Verdc) in South Africa

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amara Evangeline Unigwe ◽  
Abe Shegro Gerrano ◽  
Patrick Adebola ◽  
Michael Pillay
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Morphological Variation ◽  
Quantitative Traits ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Bambara Groundnut ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Phenotypic Traits ◽  
Vigna Subterranea ◽  
Subsistence Level

<p>Bambara groundnut (<em>Vigna subterranea </em>L. Verdc) is an underutilized crop in the African continent. It is a drought tolerant crop and fixes atmospheric nitrogen. Bambara groundnut is primarily grown for the protein content of its seeds and is mainly produced by small scale farmers at subsistence level. The objective of the study was to assess the morphological variation of landraces of bambara groundnut in South Africa. Thirty accessions of bambara groundnut were evaluated for their variability in agronomic and morphological traits. The field experiment was conducted at ARC-VOPI in Roodeplaat research farm during the 2014/2015 summer cropping season. The field trial was arranged as a complete randomized block design with three replications. Eighteen quantitative traits were recorded to estimate the level of genetic variability among accessions. The analysis of variance revealed significant differences among the phenotypic traits evaluated. The UPGMA cluster analysis based on the quantitative traits produced four distinct groups of genotypes and a singleton. Genotypes SB11-1A, SB19-1A, SB12-3B and Bambara-12 were found to possess good vegetative characters and are recommended for use as suitable parents when breeding cultivars for fodder production. Desirable yield and yield-related traits were identified in B7-1, SB4-4C, SB19-1A, Bambara-12 and SB16-5A and are recommended as suitable parental lines for bambara groundnut grain production improvement. The phenotypic characters therefore provide a useful measure of genetic variability among bambara genotypes and will enable the identification of potential parental materials for future breeding programs in South Africa.</p>

scholarly journals Variability, Association and Selection of Promising Characters for Breeding Creole Maize

2021 ◽  
pp. 31-43
Author(s):  
Yrle da Rocha Fontinele ◽  
Vanderley Borges dos Santos ◽  
Luan de Oliveira Nascimento ◽  
Antônio Carnaúba de Aragão ◽  
Matheus Matos do Nascimento ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Superior Performance ◽  
Direct Selection ◽  
Phenotypic Variance ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Grain Moisture ◽  
Selection Of

Genetic variability is the main characteristic when seeking to select promising genotypes for plant breeding. Thus, the objective of this work was to investigate the genetic variability in agronomic and morphological characteristics of traditional varieties of maize, in addition to determining the degree of association and the selection of variety and promising characters to be explored in programs of genetic breeding of Creole maize. The experiment was conducted at the Federal University of Acre (UFAC), Rio Branco - Acre, in the 2017/2018 harvest period. A randomized block design was used, with five replications. The treatments were four varieties of Creole maize (V1, V2, V3 and V4) from the Vale do Juruá region and another hybrid cultivar LG 3040 (HI). The morpho-agronomic characteristics were evaluated in the useful area of the plots: days to silking (DS), days to anthesis (DA), plant height (PH) and height ear insertion (HEI), stem diameter (SD), mass of ear (ME), length ear (LE), diameter ear (DE), total grain mass (TGM), mass of 100 grain (M100G), grain moisture (GM) and grain productivity (GP). The data were subjected to analysis of variance and comparison of means. The values of genotypic and phenotypic variance were also estimated, heritability in the broad sense, selection accuracy, phenotypic, genotypic and environmental correlation, in addition to the principal component analysis (PCA). Variations in characteristics were found between the varieties of Creole maize and their interrelations, showing greater influence of ME, PH, TGM, M100G, DE and GP in the expression of the phenotype. Therefore, it is concluded that there is genetic variability in the characteristics evaluated, with emphasis to V4 that showed superior performance allowing direct selection of the characteristics SD, ME, TGM and M100G to be incorporated into an breeding program.

scholarly journals Keragaman Genetik dan Kekerabatan Genotip Kacang Bambara (Vigna subteranea L.) Lokal Jawa Barat

Jurnal Agro ◽  
10.15575/1654 ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 90-96
Author(s):  
Enceng Sobari ◽  
Noladhi Wicaksana
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Food Source ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Bambara Groundnut ◽  
West Java ◽  
Field Station ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Alternative Food Source ◽  
Distance Coefficient

Bambara groundnut (Vigna subteranea L.) is one of underutliized crops in Indonesia. Bambara groundnut is potential to be developed and can be utilized as an alternative food source in Indonesia. Bambara groundnut greatly varies and has a very wide area of adaptation. The experiment was conducted at the experimental field station at Ciparanje in Padjadjaran University. Starting on September 2014 until March 2015 with Randomized Block Design (RBD) and repeated two times. The research used 30 accessions originally from various locations in West Java (Bandung, Tasikmalaya, Garut, Sumedang, Bogor, Majalengka) and East Java (Lamongan, Madura). Genetic variability of Bambara groundnut landrace  in some West Java showed broad criteria on the characters fresh pod weight, dry pod weight, weight of 100 seeds, and weight per plot. Genotypes which had many similarities in some characters based on euclidian distance coefficient had close relationship.

scholarly journals Morphological Characterization of Bambara Groundnut [Vigna subterranea (L.) Verdc.] Landraces in Kenya

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Forrester Odongo ◽  
Maurice E. Oyoo ◽  
Paul K. Kimurto ◽  
Victor W. Wasike
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Traits ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Leaf Shape ◽  
Seed Morphology ◽  
Bambara Groundnut ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Vigna Subterranea ◽  
Phenotypic Marker

Background: Bambara groundnut [Vigna subterranea (L.) Verdc.], an indigenous drought tolerant crop of African origin is one of most important leguminous crop in Sub-Saharan Africa. Small-scale farmers continue cultivating unimproved landraces over the production areas in Kenya. Bambara exist variously as mixtures of seeds, which contain variable types of seed morphology which need to be agronomically and phenotypically differentiated. The study aimed at characterizing Bambara groundnuts collected in Kenya using morphological markers. Methods: One hundred and five germplasm assembled from four major growing agro-ecologies (Busia, Kakamega, Bungom and Vihiga Counties) and Kenya National Gene bank, were evaluated at the Kenya Agricultural and Livestock Research Organization (KALRO) - Alupe (0.4347° N, 34.2422° E) in a randomized complete block design with three replications in the long and short rains of 2015. Nineteen quantitative traits and seven qualitative traits were observed and measured at different growth stages and during harvesting. Result: Many landraces displayed pointed, round and yellowish pod, with grooved and oval seeds. About 49.4% had round leaves, 21.5% had elliptical leaves, while 55.7% were heterogeneous for leaf shape. Quantitative traits were significant (p≤0.05) except for seed weight, seed number per plant and number of stems. The first four principal components accounted for a total of 73.1% of the variations. germplasm were divided into two distinct clusters. Leaf morphology variations could be used as a reliable phenotypic marker in Bambara breeding.

scholarly journals MORPHOLOGICAL AND PRODUCTIVE CHARACTERIZATION OF FORAGE CACTUS VARIETIES

2015 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 230-238 ◽  
Author(s):  
PHILIPE LIMA DE AMORIM ◽  
JANAINA AZEVEDO MARTUSCELLO ◽  
JOSÉ TEODORICO DE ARAÚJO FILHO ◽  
DANIEL DE NORONHA FIGUEIREDO VIEIRA DA CUNHA ◽  
LIANA JANK
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Use Efficiency

ABSTRACT: Cultivars of the genus Nopalea are known in Brazil for being tolerant to cochineal carmine attacks, thus making the cultivation of this genus a promising alternative for mitigating the negative effects of this insect on the production of biomass. With the objectives of characterizing morphologically spineless forage cactus varieties and identify morphological characteristics that may be the focus in spineless forage cactus breeding programs, an experiment was conducted in a completely randomized block design with 11 treatments and four replications. The variety Alagoas showed the highest values of weight, area and volume of cladodes. The varieties Negro Michoacan F7 and V7, Tamazunchale V12 showed the highest values of the cladode area index, the total volume of cladodes and total fresh mass production. The varieties Negro Michoacan V7 and F7 presented the highest water use efficiency and dry mass yield. Cladode volume showed the highest correlation coefficients with the fresh weight of cladodes. Aiming the release of varieties for biomass production, varieties Negro Michoacan F7, V7 and Tamazunchale V12 may substitute the Miúda variety. The number and cladode area index may be used as criteria for selection of superior varieties in breeding programs.

scholarly journals Culinary and nutritional quality of common bean lines with Carioca grain type and interaction with environments

Revista CERES ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
pp. 159-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helton Santos Pereira ◽  
Renata Cristina Alvares ◽  
Leonardo Cunha Melo ◽  
Antônio Félix da Costa ◽  
Hélio Wilson Lemos de Carvalho
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Genetic Effect ◽  
Cooking Time ◽  
High Protein ◽  
High Protein Content ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Distrito Federal

ABSTRACT The objectives of this work were to study the genetic variability and the interaction between genotypes and environments for cooking time and protein content of bean grains as well as to identify elite lines of Carioca grain type with short cooking time, high protein content and high adaptability and stability for these two traits. Sixteen experiments were conducted in a complete randomized block design with three replications during the rainy, dry and winter seasons, in Goiás, Distrito Federal, Pernambuco, Sergipe, Bahia and Paraná States, in 2009 and 2010. Each trial was composed by 16 elite lines of Carioca grain type and the data of cooking time and protein content were obtained. Data were submitted to analysis of variance and to stability and adaptability analysis, according to the methodology proposed by Annichiarico. Genetic variability was found for cooking time and for protein content among Carioca common bean elite lines; however, for protein content this variability is lower. The environmental effect is important for the expression of these traits and is larger than the genetic effect. The interaction between genotypes and environments is important for cooking time and for protein content of common beans. The lines CNFC 11951 and CNFC 11962 presents short cooking time, high protein content and high stability and adaptability for both traits.

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