scholarly journals The effectiveness of propolis on the healing period of recurrent aphthous stomatitis

2012 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Foo You Han ◽  
Riani Setiadhi ◽  
Indrati Sudjarwo
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Recurrent Aphthous Stomatitis ◽  
T Test ◽  
Aphthous Stomatitis ◽  
Healing Period ◽  
Equality Of Means ◽  
Kolmogorov Smirnov ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Smirnov Test

Introduction: Propolis®, also known as bee glue, is a substance acquired from the bee hive, which contain antimicrobial, antiviral and antifungal properties. The aim of this research was to identify the best concentration of propolis® that is effective for healing period of Recurrent Aphthous Stomatitis (RAS). Methods: This research was experimental study and the sample are patients who have Recurrent Aphthous Stomatitis during the extent of the research at Rumah Sakit Gigi dan Mulut, Bandung, Indonesia. the patients were given Propolis® of either 0.5% or 1.0% concentration randomly. Results: Using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, the data is tested for normality of patients whom are applying Propolis® cream at concentration of 0.5% and 1%. The average time taken for the subject with 0.5% Propolis® cream to fully heal were 5 days, while those with 1.0% Propolis® cream required 6 days. From the t-test for equality of means, where 0.140 > 0.05, we can conclude that the difference is not significant between subjects that were given Propolis® cream at 0.5% concentration compared with subject given with 1.0% concentration of Propolis® cream.The result shows that Propolis at 0.5% concentration provides an average healing period of 5 days while propolis at 1.0% on an average of 6 days for the healing of RAS. Conclusion: Propolis at 0.5% is more effective compared to 1.0% for healing period of Recurrent Aphthous Stomatitis.

Investigation of The Nutritional Approaches of Student Athletes During The Covid-19 Epidemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (7) ◽  
pp. 1940-1944
Author(s):  
Sevcan Altun ◽  
Aykut Aksu ◽  
Osman Imamoglu ◽  
Murat Erdogdu ◽  
Kursat Karacabey
Keyword(s):  
Student Athletes ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
T Test ◽  
Outbreak Period ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Package Program ◽  
Kolmogorov Smirnov ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The University ◽  
Smirnov Test

The aim of this study is to investigate the nutritional approaches of student athletes studying at the university during the coronavirus outbreak period. Participants consisted of students studying and doing sports at the University. 446 students, 246 males and 200 females, participated in the study. Besides the personal form, students were filled the questionnaire testing questionnaire. Students voluntarily participated. The surveys were done on social media. Nutritional habits questionnaire consists of 12 questions. In the preparation of the survey questions, the questions proved validity of the researches which have been done on the subject before have been used. SPSS 23.00 package program was used in statistical analyses. Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was performed to test whether the data was normally distributed and it was determined that the data showed normal distribution. Independent t-test, paired t-test, unidirectional variance analysis and LSD tests were used in statistical operations. There was no significant difference in students' nutrition approaches by gender, both in the pre-outbreak period and in the outbreak period points (p> 0.05). Nutrition scores were significantly increased during the outbreak period (p <0.001). A significant difference was found between the students who felt bad before the epidemic and those who felt well before the epidemic and their nutritional scores according to the levels they felt (p <0.05). A significant difference was found between the pre-outbreak period and post-epidemic nutrition scores of the sports faculty students (p <0.05). During the coronavirus epidemic, university student athletes have either increased their nutritional opportunities or have changed their eating habits positively to keep their immune systems strong or both. The fact that sports faculty students have better nutrition compared to other faculty students can be attributed to their taking courses in nutrition, health and similar. It is recommended to give lectures or seminars on nutrition to athlete students. Keywords: Student, Nutrition, Sports Nutrition, Nutritional Approach, Covid-19

Investigation of The Nutritional Approaches of Student Athletes During The Covid-19 Epidemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 2031-2034
Author(s):  
Sevcan Altun ◽  
Aykut Aksu ◽  
Osman Imamoglu ◽  
Murat Erdogdu ◽  
Kursat Karacabey
Keyword(s):  
Student Athletes ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
T Test ◽  
Outbreak Period ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Package Program ◽  
Kolmogorov Smirnov ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The University ◽  
Smirnov Test

The aim of this study is to investigate the nutritional approaches of student athletes studying at the university during the coronavirus outbreak period. Participants consisted of students studying and doing sports at the University. 446 students, 246 males and 200 females, participated in the study. Besides the personal form, students were filled the questionnaire testing questionnaire. Students voluntarily participated. The surveys were done on social media. Nutritional habits questionnaire consists of 12 questions. In the preparation of the survey questions, the questions proved validity of the researches which have been done on the subject before have been used. SPSS 23.00 package program was used in statistical analyses. Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was performed to test whether the data was normally distributed and it was determined that the data showed normal distribution. Independent t-test, paired t-test, unidirectional variance analysis and LSD tests were used in statistical operations. There was no significant difference in students' nutrition approaches by gender, both in the pre-outbreak period and in the outbreak period points (p> 0.05). Nutrition scores were significantly increased during the outbreak period (p <0.001). A significant difference was found between the students who felt bad before the epidemic and those who felt well before the epidemic and their nutritional scores according to the levels they felt (p <0.05). A significant difference was found between the pre-outbreak period and post-epidemic nutrition scores of the sports faculty students (p <0.05). During the coronavirus epidemic, university student athletes have either increased their nutritional opportunities or have changed their eating habits positively to keep their immune systems strong or both. The fact that sports faculty students have better nutrition compared to other faculty students can be attributed to their taking courses in nutrition, health and similar. It is recommended to give lectures or seminars on nutrition to athlete students. Keywords: Student, Nutrition, Sports Nutrition, Nutritional Approach, Covid-19

EFFECTIVENESS COMPARISON OF CAMBODIAN LEAF EXTRACT (Plumeria acuminata Ait) WITH JATROPHA LEAF EXTRACT (Jatropha curcas L) IN HEALING OF MINOR RECURRENT APHTOSA STOMATITIS (RAS)

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 132-138
Author(s):  
IGN Putra Dermawan ◽  
◽  
Intan Kemala Dewi ◽  
I Nyoman Gede Juwita Putra ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Jatropha Curcas ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Recurrent Aphthous Stomatitis ◽  
T Test ◽  
Aphthous Stomatitis ◽  
Sample Group ◽  
Jatropha Curcas L ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Diameter Reduction

Introduction:Recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS), also known as canker sores, is an inflammation that occurs in the oral mucosa. Frangipani leaf extract and jatropha leaf extract are known to contain saponins, tannins and flavonoids that function as wound healers and antimicrobials. Purpose:Determine whether the administration of frangipani leaf extract (Plumeria acuminata Ait) is more effective in curing recurrent aphthous stomatitis than jatropha leaf extract (Jatropha curcas L). Materials and Methods: The method used is experimental study with a purposive sampling of 30 people. frangipani leaf extract (Plumeria acuminata Ait) and jatropha leaf extract (Jatropha curcas L) were applied to each of 15 samples. Statistical calculations using the Independent T-test. Result and Discussion: The results showed that the mean difference in diameter reduction of recurrent aphthous stomatitis in the first sample group of frangipani leaf extract (Plumeria Acuminata Ait) was 1.13 mm, while in the second sample group Jatropha leaf extract (Jatropha curcas L) was 0.47 mm. From the results of the Independent T-Test test on frangipani leaf extract (Plumeria acuminata Ait) obtained a sig value of 0.002 (p<0.05) and jatropha leaf extract (Jatropha curcas L) of 0.002 (p<0.05), indicating that there is the difference between the use of frangipani leaf extract (Plumeria acuminata Ait) and jatropha leaf extract (Jatropha curcas L) in the treatment of recurrent aphthous stomatitis. Conclusion: frangipani leaf extract (Plumeria acuminata Ait) was more effective in curing recurrent aphthous stomatitis (SAR) than jatropha leaf extract (Jatropha curcas L)

scholarly journals THE EFFECT OF DEFINITIONS TOWARD STUDENTS’ VOCABULARY

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 34
Author(s):  
Tawali Tawali
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Alternative Hypothesis ◽  
T Test ◽  
Second Grade ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Second Grade Students ◽  
Post Test ◽  
The Subject ◽  
And Control ◽  
Experimental Group

This research is aimed to find out the effect of definitions toward students’ vocabulary mastery: it was an experimental study at the second grade student of MTs NW Haqqul Yaqin Sayang- sayang. The subject of this research was the second grade of MTs NW Haqqul Yaqin Sayang- sayang.The research was used experimental method with quantitative approach. The population of this research consist of 55 students, and the sample is 29 for experimental group while 26 for control group. The technique of collecting data was used definition for experimental group and matching word with antonym for control group. The data was collected by using post-test only and the data was analyzed by t-test formula. Based on data analysis the mean score of experimental group was 76,4 and control group was 69,23, beside of that standard deviation for experimental group was 114,28 and for control group was 113,09 and the value of t-test was 2,44 and t-table was 2,000. Degree of freedom is 53 with significant level 0,05. It means that the value of t-test was higher than t-table (t-test ˃ t-table). The alternative hypothesis (Ha) was accepted and null hypothesis (Ho) was rejected. Thus, the conclusion of this research was there was an effect of definition toward students’ vocabulary mastery: an experimental study at the second grade students of MTs NW Haqqul Yaqin Sayang-sayang.

scholarly journals Teaching Vocabulary through Fly Swatter Game

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 17
Author(s):  
Hikmah Noerqori Saputra ◽  
Muhamad Sofian Hadi
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Test Scores ◽  
Quantitative Method ◽  
T Test ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Post Test ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Academic Year ◽  
Experimental Group

The study aimed to find out whether fly swatter game can give influence toward students’ vocabulary mastery. The subject of this study was grade VII-2 of SMPN 9 Tangerang Selatan in the academic year of 2018/2019, which consisted of 42 students. The method used in this study is a quantitative method with the design of the pre-experimental study. The data from pre-test and post-test were analyzed statistically using spss 16. The result of this study showed; the students’ pre-test mean score was 45.4 and the students’ post-test mean score was 86.6. The result of t-test was 21.55 and significant (2-tailed) was 0.00 < p (0.05). The hypothesis (H1) was accepted, which means there is a significant difference between pre-test and post-test scores of the experimental group. It can be concluded that applying fly swatter game in teaching vocabulary to 7th grade students of SMPN 9 Tangerang Selatan is effective.

scholarly journals استراتيجية تعليم المفردات بالغناء في البرنامج المكشف لتعليم اللغة العربية بجامعة مولانا مالك إبراهيم الإسلامية الحكومية مالانج

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-24
Author(s):  
ABDUL BASID
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Teaching Strategy ◽  
T Test ◽  
Learner Participation ◽  
Instructional Activities ◽  
Class B ◽  
Research Problems ◽  
The Difference

Abstrak Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui strategi pengajaran kosakata dengan menggunakan (strategi bernyanyi). Rumusan masalah penelitian ini adalah (1) bagaimana proses strategi pengajaran kosakata bahasa Arab dengan menggunakan strategi bernyanyi, (2) bagaimana efektivitas penggunanan strategi pengajaran kosakata bahasa Arab dengan menggunakan strategi bernyanyi. Desain Penelitian yang digunakan adalah studi eksperimental.  Populasi dalam peneltian ini adalah seluruh mahasiswa progam Studi PBA di UIN Maulana Malik Ibrahim, adapun sampel yang diambil dari populasi tersebut adalah mahasiswa Program Studi PBA kelas B-4 UIN Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa (1) proses strategi pengajaran kosakata bahasa Arab dengan strategi bernyanyi yaitu aktivitas pra instruksional, petunjuk isi dan pembelajaran. Partisipasi peserta didik, penilaian, aktifitas timbal balik (2) efektifitas strategi pengajaran bahasa Arab dengan menggunakan strtegi bernyanyi menunjukkan nilai t-test lebih kecil daripadda t-tabel 0,243< 2, 0639, nilai t-test 0,243 itu berada diantara nilai interval konfidensi perbedaan, yaitu nilai tertinggi 1,901 dan nilai terendah 1,501 serta nilai signifikansi 0,810 yang mania lebih kecil dari t-table yaitu 2,0639     Abstract             This reserach elaborates on the teaching strategy of Arabic vocabulary by using the song. The research problems are: (1) what is the process of the teaching strategy of Arabic vocabulary by using the song; and (2) what is the effectiveness of the teaching strategy of Arabic vocabulary by using the song. The design of this study is experimental study. The population of this research is all students in PPBA UIN Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang and the sample of this research is all students in class B-4 PPBA UIN Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang. The result of this study is: (1) the process of the teaching strategy of Arabic vocabulary by using the song consist of several stages. They are pre instructional activities, content and learning guidance, learner participation, assessment, and follow-through activities; (2) the effectiveness of the teaching strategy of Arabic vocabulary by using the song is the value of t-test is smaller than t-table 0,243 < 2,0639, the value t-test 0,243 is between the value of confidence interval of the difference, upper 1,901 and lower -1,501, and signified value is 0,810 < t-table is 2,0639.     ملخص ويوضح هذا البحث التركيز في استراتيجية التدريس للمفردات العربية باستخدام الأغنية. وأما مشكلة البحث فهي: أولا، ما هي عملية إستراتيجية التدريس للمفردات العربية باستخدام الأغنية؛ وثانيا؛ ما هي فعالية استراتيجية التدريس للمفردات العربية باستخدام الأغنية. ويكون تصميم هذه الدراسة من نوع الدراسة التجريبية. أما مجتمع البحث لهذا البحث هو جميع الطلاب في قسم تعليم اللغة العربية بجامعة مولانا مالك إبراهيم الإسامية الحكمومية مالانج، والعينة من هذا البحث هو جميع الطلاب في الصف B-4 قسم تعليم اللغة العربية بجامعة مولانا مالك إبراهيم مالانج. والنتائج من هذه الدراسة هي: (1) عملية إستراتيجية التدريس للمفردات العربية باستخدام الأغنية تتكون من عدة مراحل. وهي أنشطة تعليمية سابقة، ومحتوى وإرشادات تعليمية، ومشاركة للمتعلم، وتقييم، وأنشطة متابعة. (2) أما فاعلية إستراتيجية التدريس للمفردات العربية باستخدام الأغنية هي قيمة اختبار t أصغر من t-تابل 0،243 <2،0639، قيمة t-تيست 0،243 بين قيمة فاصل الثقة في الفرق، العلوي 1،901 وأقل -1،501، وقيمة معترف بها هو 0،810 <t- الجدول هو 2،0639.  

The relationship between age and athletes' view of the phenomenon of doping

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 45-48
Author(s):  
Mohammad Saeed Kiani ◽  
◽  
Keivan Shabani Moghaddam ◽  
Keyword(s):  
T Test ◽  
Statistical Population ◽  
The Face ◽  
Kolmogorov Smirnov ◽  
Spss Software ◽  
Science Classes ◽  
New Generation ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Cluster Random Sampling ◽  
Smirnov Test

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between age and athletes' attitude to doping. A 40- question researcher-made questionnaire was used to collect the data. The face and content validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by a survey of professors related to the research subject and its reliability was reported to be 0.79 using Cronbach's alpha. The statistical population of the study consisted of all athletes in Kermanshah province that to the large number of samples, cluster random sampling method was used. Finally, 700 questionnaires were returned, out of which 431 were used. Data were analyzed using SPSS software. Descriptive statistics (mean, standard deviation, percentage, tables, graphs, etc.) for analysis of data as well as inferential statistics (one-sample t-test, independent t-test and analysis of variance) and Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was used to determine the normality of the data distribution. The results showed that there is a difference between the new generation of athletes and the older generation in terms of doping. Therefore, the athlete should consult with experienced people (those who use these substances) and a physician, and be aware of the side effects of these supplements by attending training and science classes. Avoid using them whenever possible.

scholarly journals Indicadores de desempenho registrados em função do tempo no basquetebol brasileiro

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 172-181
Author(s):  
Yura Yuka Sato dos Santos ◽  
Lucas Antônio Monezi ◽  
Milton Shoiti Misuta ◽  
Luciano Allegretti Mercadante
Keyword(s):  
Performance Analysis ◽  
Normal Distribution ◽  
Professional Basketball ◽  
Technical Indicators ◽  
Point Field ◽  
Emerging Issues ◽  
Kolmogorov Smirnov ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Smirnov Test

Basketball performance analysis using technical indicators dissociated from the moment they occurred in the game seems to no longer respond to emerging issues of the game as it does not identify the periods when a team’s offensive efficiency has increased or decreased. The aim was to characterize and compare the technical indicators in the positive and negative periods and in the whole game of winning and losing teams in men’s professional basketball. Fourteen games of professional men’s teams of the “Novo Basquete Brasil” Championship in the regular 2011/2012 season were filmed and analyzed. The Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was used to verify data normality. The independent T test was used for variables with normal distribution and the Mann-Whitney test for variables that did not present normal distribution, in order to compare teams’ performance. Analysis in the whole game showed that winning teams had significantly higher averages in successful 3-point field goals but in the positive periods, they showed higher averages for successful free throws, successful layups, defensive rebounds and defensive fouls, and in negative periods, losing teams made more defensive and offensive fouls. The teams’ performance in the whole game may not elucidate the determinant indicators for building the difference in the scoreboard. It is suggested that coaches should identify the periods of best and worst teams’ performance in the game and the indicators involved, preparing teams to overcome the negative periods and obtain more positive periods in the game. 

scholarly journals Dynamical Age Determination of Open Clusters

1980 ◽  
Vol 85 ◽  
pp. 221-222
Author(s):  
M. Buchholz ◽  
Th. Schmidt-Kaler
Keyword(s):  
Age Determination ◽  
Dynamical Theory ◽  
Distribution Functions ◽  
Open Clusters ◽  
Kolmogorov Smirnov ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Absolute Age ◽  
Image Position ◽  
Smirnov Test

The radial mass distribution (obtained by counting stars in strips) of the real cluster is compared successively to the distribution functions of a simulated cluster of 100 stars, each of which corresponds to a certain dynamical age, Tdyn, The value of Tdyn, belonging to the function most similar to the observed one is taken to be the dynamical age of the cluster. The radius is given in units of R1/2 (sphere containing half of the total mass); this unit is nearly time-independent. The difference between the distribution functions is measured by the maximum Δmax of the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test which is free from assumptions on the form of the distributions. The minimum in the plot Δmax vs Tdyn, indicates the age of the cluster. It is then converted into an absolute age, Tabs (in years), by The error due to the dynamical theory (limited number of distribution functions, etc.) is estimated at 12%, the error due to the uncertainty of diameter and mass of the cluster is about 30%. Unreliable results were obtained in case of strongly inhomogeneous reddening of the cluster. As an example, the plot of the test values for NGC 457 is given in Figure 1.

A new method for process control based on goodness of fit tests

2015 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 132-143
Author(s):  
Mohammad Saleh Owlia ◽  
Mohammad Saber Fallah Nezhad ◽  
Mohesn Sheikh Sajadieh
Keyword(s):  
Process Control ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Goodness Of Fit ◽  
New Method ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Goodness Of Fit Tests ◽  
Kolmogorov Smirnov ◽  
Shift Detection ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Smirnov Test

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to propose a new method based on goodness of fit tests for shift detection problems. Design/methodology/approach – In this method, although the distribution of gathered data from the process is the subject of control, but any out-of-control signal could also be generalized to the overall state of the process including the parameters of the distribution. Findings – Results of simulation study denote that among goodness of fit tests, the χ2 test has a better performance than the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test in detecting shifts of process. Also comparison of proposed method with traditional methods denotes that, proposed method generally has smaller probabilities of first and second type errors. Originality/value – To the best of author’s knowledge, no attention has previously been paid to application of goodness of fit tests in process control.

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