scholarly journals The Paradox between Consumerism and Sustainability - How to approach the marketing professionals with this theme

2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 29
Author(s):  
Afonso Carlos Braga
Keyword(s):  
Point Of View ◽  
Growth Strategies ◽  
Sustainable Resources ◽  
Present Rate ◽  
One Step ◽  
Research Questions ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Develop Market ◽  
Near Future

Much has been said these days about the World’s limited capacity to provide sustainable resources vis a vis the growing population's demand for goods and supplies in a planet of finite resources. According to the Living Planet Report, produced by the NGO World Wildlife Fund (WWF): “At humanity's present rate of consumption, by 2030 we'll need the resources of two Earths just to survive long-term. There are really two options: start building another Earth, or drastically change our lifestyles. Which one is supposed to be easier?”[1]The present article addresses this issue from the point of view of the marketing executives of big companies, responsible to lead the communication and growth strategies of those companies, often encouraging 'consumerism' to meet the profit and revenue growths. The idea was to understand if this topic is relevant to these professionals,hence their companies, and raise some hypotheses of how to approach this problem in order to provoke those companies to practice "conscious marketing". Going one step further, does the type of organizational paradigm in which the executive company acts should influence the way to approach this professional when conducting personal interviews to collect data? An initial analysis on the theory of how to develop market research questions to avoid bias and/or induced responses, will lead to the article conclusion of how to set up a questionnaire that will be taken into consideration in a near future, at the masters’ thesis of the author.[1] Source:http://io9.com/5664078/humanity-will-need-two-earths-to-sustain-itself-in-just-twenty-years, access 02 dec 12

On the Notion of Collective Intelligence

2010 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Epaminondas Kapetanios
Keyword(s):  
Collective Intelligence ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Social Web ◽  
Synergistic Interactions ◽  
Design And Implementation ◽  
Computing Paradigm ◽  
The Social ◽  
Challenging Research ◽  
Research Questions ◽  
Set Up

In this article, the author explores the notion of Collective Intelligence (CI) as an emerging computing paradigm. The article is meant to provide a historical and contextual view of CI through the lenses of as many related disciplines as possible (biology, sociology, natural and environmental sciences, physics) in conjunction with the computer science point of view. During this explorative journey, the article also aims at pinpointing the current strengths and weaknesses of CI-related computational and system engineering design and implementation methodologies of CI-based systems. A non-exhaustive list of case studies set up the stage for CI applications as well as challenging research questions. These can be particularly directed towards the Social Web, as a very prominent example of synergistic interactions of a group of people with diverse cultural and professional backgrounds and its potential to become a platform for the emergence of truly CI-based systems.

On the Notion of Collective Intelligence

2012 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Epaminondas Kapetanios
Keyword(s):  
Collective Intelligence ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Environmental Sciences ◽  
Synergistic Interactions ◽  
Design And Implementation ◽  
Computing Paradigm ◽  
The Social ◽  
Research Questions ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Exhaustive List

In this article, the author explores the notion of Collective Intelligence (CI) as an emerging computing paradigm. The article is meant to provide a historical and contextual view of CI through the lenses of as many related disciplines as possible (biology, sociology, natural and environmental sciences, physics) in conjunction with the computer science point of view. During this explorative journey, the article also aims at pinpointing the current strengths and weaknesses of CI-related computational and system engineering design and implementation methodologies of CI-based systems. A non-exhaustive list of case studies set up the stage for CI applications as well as challenging research questions. These can be particularly directed towards the Social Web, as a very prominent example of synergistic interactions of a group of people with diverse cultural and professional backgrounds and its potential to become a platform for the emergence of truly CI-based systems.

scholarly journals En sur udfordring. Om surt papir i bibliotekets samlinger

2014 ◽  
Vol 49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Birgit Vinther Hansen
Keyword(s):  
Room Temperature ◽  
Storage Conditions ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Western World ◽  
Air Humidity ◽  
Paper Machines ◽  
Set Up ◽  
National Significance ◽  
Short Time

NB: Artiklen er på dansk, kun resuméet er på engelsk. New materials were adopted during the industrialisation of paper production in the early 1800s. Experiments were done with straw and wood as fibre sources and acidic alum was commonly used as a sizing agent for all paper qualities produced by the paper machines. This, along with stiff competition among paper manufacturers, resulted in a drastic decrease in the quality of all types of paper and the production of vast quantities of acidic paper that could last only a relatively short time. Many of the Royal Library’s collections consist of acidic, short-fibre paper from around 1830 up to the middle of the 1980s when, finally, increased production of neutral-sized, long-like paper became possible. Acidic paper breaks down under ordinary storage conditions of room temperature and a certain degree of air humidity. Librarians and archivists throughout the Western world face a major challenge in the preservation of this relatively unstable material. To meet this challenge, various mass deacidification processes have been developed that, by deacidifying the paper, extend its lifetime three to four times. On the basis of a national report on the preservation of Danish cultural heritage, a committee was set up in 2004 to examine more closely the extent of acidic paper in the collections and whether mass deacidification of the country’s collections of unique national significance could be recommended. The committee had various sample tests done, including of the Royal Library’s collections. It was found that 70% of the Library’s collections date from 1800 to 1985 and that 93% of the objects concerned are more or less acidic. On the basis of the sample tests, it was possible to establish a rough prognosis as to how long the Library’s collections would be able to withstand ordinary physical handling, given that the paper, over time, will inevitably become so brittle that it disintegrates with use. If the collections are preserved in a climate, as was historically the case, at room temperature and varying humidity throughout the year, then half of the collections will have severely deteriorated in a hundred years. In order to ensure a longer lifetime, the collections can either be mass deacidified or the temperature and air humidity can be reduced so as to inhibit the breakdown processes. The committee and the Royal Library chose to work to ensure the collections’ long-term life by focusing on cool, dry storerooms, since this solution is, both from the financial point of view and with respect to preservation ethics, the most competitive. Lowering the temperature and the air humidity also makes it possible to extend the collections’ lifetime far more than with deacidification alone.

scholarly journals The Once-Only Principle: A Matter of Trust

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Robert Krimmer ◽  
Andriana Prentza ◽  
Szymon Mamrot ◽  
Carsten Schmidt
Keyword(s):  
Legal Framework ◽  
Transformation Process ◽  
Single Market ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Horizon 2020 ◽  
Funded Project ◽  
Research Questions ◽  
Set Up ◽  
The Eu

AbstractThe Single Market is one of the cornerstones of the European Union. The idea to transform it into a Digital Single Market (DSM) was outlined several years ago. The EU has started different initiatives to support this transformation process. One of them is the program Horizon 2020 to support the process from a technical point of view. In parallel to this, initiatives were started to set up a sound legal framework for the DSM. The Single Digital Gateway Regulation (SDGR) is an outcome of these initiatives. The key aspect of the SDGR is the underlying Once-Only Principle (OOP), outlining that businesses and citizens in contact with public administrations have to provide data only once. “The Once-Only Principle Project (TOOP)” is the EU-funded project initiated for research, testing, and implementation of the OOP in Europe. The authors give an overview of the research questions of the different parts of TOOP. Besides that, they introduce the other chapters of this book and what the reader can expect as the content of them.

scholarly journals Conclusions: Calls to action for improving the life of MS patients and their families

2016 ◽  
Vol 22 (2_suppl) ◽  
pp. 71-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick Vermersch ◽  
Louis Smets ◽  
Ralf Gold
Keyword(s):  
European Community ◽  
Quality Care ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Individual Treatment ◽  
Disability Progression ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Multi Stakeholder ◽  
Support Research

Background: The first and second Pan-European MS Multi-stakeholder Colloquia were set up to increase cross-talk and communication between the different stakeholders in MS and developed joint Calls to Action to improve (equal) access to quality care and treatment for MS in Europe. Objective & Methods: To summarise the 10 integrated and interrelated Calls to Action developed. Results & Conclusion: Call 1: increase awareness in the European community about the burden MS places on patients, caregivers and society. Call 2: improve communication towards the European community on the direct and indirect cost burden of MS. Call 3: perform patient research to (re)define treatment goals/endpoints from a humanistic/patient perspective point of view. Call 4: develop new tools to better capture the total clinical burden of MS. Call 5: develop a protocol for standardisation of MRI for optimising its use as a marker of disability progression in MS. Call 6: support research to find other (molecular) biomarkers which can predict long-term disability progression and (monitor) individual treatment response. Call 7: align CHMP/EMA and HTA decision-making process. Call 8: develop separate EMA guidelines for evaluating follow-on products of non-biological complex drugs. Call 9: support people with MS remaining (physically) active and at work and stimulate the implementation of specialised care centres. Call 10: support the continuation of multi-stakeholder colloquia.

Involvement of stakeholders during the preparedness phase of post-accident situation management

2021 ◽  
pp. 014664532110068
Author(s):  
J.M. Bertho ◽  
F. Gabillaud-Poillion ◽  
C. Reuter ◽  
O. Rivière ◽  
J.L. Lachaume
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
Steering Committee ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Nuclear Operators ◽  
Accident Management ◽  
New Strategy ◽  
Working Groups ◽  
Technical Issues ◽  
Set Up

The Steering Committee for Post-accident Management Preparedness (CODIRPA) was commissioned by the French Government in 2005 with the aim of establishing the main principles to be set up for population protection and recovery in the long term. From the beginning, one of the main principles was the pluralistic nature of the working groups (WGs), including scientific and technical experts, representatives from state departments, nuclear operators, and representatives of civil society (i.e. stakeholders). Stakeholders were mainly associated with the various WGs of CODIRPA. In order to foster the involvement of stakeholders from civil society in the works of CODIRPA, a new organisation was implemented with two WGs: one mainly composed of technical experts for tackling technical issues, and one for evaluating the proposals made by the experts from the stakeholders’ point of view. This article presents the results of this new strategy.

Council for Economic Mutual Assistance

1962 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 638-638
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Capital Investments ◽  
Mutual Assistance ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Main Activity ◽  
Near Future ◽  
Maximum Development

Communist Party and government delegates from Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, East Germany, Hungary, Mongolia, Poland, Romania, and the Soviet Union attended a meeting in Moscow of the Council for Economic Mutual Assistance (COMECON) on June 7 and 8, 1962. It was reported that the delegations had decided to support the proposal for an international trade conference which would embrace all countries without discrimination. The delegations also expressed their desire for the further expansion of foreign trade with capitalist countries. A communiqué issued at the end of the meeting said that the Council agreed that its main activity in the immediate future would be coordination of the long-term and current economic plans of the COMECON countries. The meeting deemed it necessary that special attention be paid to: the speeding up of specialization and cooperation of production, the maximum development of raw material, fuel, and power supplies, the necessity of beginning in the near future the coordination of principal capital investments in the extracting and processing branches of industry, and the further widening and deepening of coordination of scientific and technical research. It was agreed that, whenever necessary, the members would set up joint enterprises, joint scientific research centers, and joint projecting and designing offices. During the course of the meeting the Mongolian government was admitted as a member of COMECON.

scholarly journals Test Loading of Structures with a Suspect Resistance

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 3424
Author(s):  
Tuomo Poutanen ◽  
Sampsa Pursiainen ◽  
Jari Mäkinen
Keyword(s):  
Service Time ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Theoretical Point ◽  
Test Load ◽  
Load Bearing ◽  
Special Cases ◽  
Significant Research ◽  
Research Questions ◽  
Test Loading

The reliability of load-bearing structures is normally secured through codes, a competent structural design and proper execution inspection. Alternatively, the reliability can be obtained via skilled test loading, which is a feasible technique both in the construction of new structures and in the load-bearing verification of existing ones. Although the current codes lack instructions for test loading, they are, however, used in special cases; for example, when the reliability of the structures is doubtful due to a defect, or when the structure is suspected to have especially high resistance variability. Test loading involves significant research questions that need to be addressed, including: What is the test load in comparison with the expected maximum service time load or the characteristic load? How can the instantaneous test load be compared with the actual long-term service-time load? Does the test loading harm the structure, and what is the target reliability in the test loading calculation? In this paper, we approach these questions from a theoretical point of view and propose how a suitable test load can be chosen in practice using an approximate and a precise approach.

scholarly journals How to Improve Meat Quality and Welfare in Entire Male Pigs by Genetics

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 699
Author(s):  
Catherine Larzul
Keyword(s):  
Meat Quality ◽  
Sexual Development ◽  
Genomic Data ◽  
Boar Taint ◽  
New Developments ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Near Future ◽  
Entire Male ◽  
Selection Of

Giving up surgical castration is desirable to avoid pain during surgery but breeding entire males raises issues on meat quality, particularly on boar taint, and aggression. It has been known for decades that boar taint is directly related to sexual development in uncastrated male pigs. The proportion of tainted carcasses depends on many factors, including genetics. The selection of lines with a low risk of developing boar taint should be considered as the most desirable solution in the medium to long term. It has been evidenced that selection against boar taint is feasible, and has been set up in a balanced way in some pig populations to counterbalance potential unfavorable effects on reproductive performances. Selection against aggressive behaviors, though theoretically feasible, faces phenotyping challenges that compromise selection in practice. In the near future, new developments in modelization, automatic recording, and genomic data will help define breeding objectives to solve entire male meat quality and welfare issues.

Partnerstwo Wschodnie po 10 latach: sukces czy porażka, realizm czy iluzja?

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 9-39
Author(s):  
Beata Piskorska
Keyword(s):  
Point Of View ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Eastern Partnership ◽  
Eu Foreign Policy ◽  
Official Policy ◽  
Strategic Goals ◽  
Research Questions ◽  
The Eu

It has been ten years since Poland and Sweden proposed the Eastern Partnership project, which was subsequently adopted on 7 May 2009 by the EU Council at the Prague Summit as the official policy of the European Union. It is a component of the broader EU foreign policy – the European Neighbourhood Policy, which was created in 2004. During this time, the EU has developed many forms of dialogue and cooperation with the six countries covered by the programme. Half of the countries have signed and started to implement new agreements to strengthen their relations. However, the Eastern Partnership is currently undergoing a serious test. Today, the biggest challenge of fundamental importance is the ongoing armed conflict in eastern Ukraine and the annexation of Crimea by Russia, which is a sign of a return to geopolitics in the region. These events have significantly changed the outlook and conditions under which the Eastern Partnership is implemented. Therefore, it is worth trying to answer a few research questions: has the Partnership proved to be a useful tool for attracting beneficiary countries to the EU? Have the initial and long-term objectives been achieved? Finally, is the project worth strengthening and continuing? The article will analyse the specificity of the programme, including strategic goals and their evolution, and attempt to assess the implementation of assumptions and instruments from the point of view of the research approach, which is the transformational power of the EU.

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