scholarly journals Susceptibility Pattern of ESBL Urine Specimens in Non-Intensive Care Room at Ulin General Hospital

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 254
Author(s):  
Alicia Fitri Wulandhany ◽  
Dewi Indah Noviana Pratiwi ◽  
Noor Muthmainah ◽  
Agung Biworo
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care ◽  
General Hospital ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Density Level ◽  
Beta Lactam ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Intensive Care Patients ◽  
Sensitivity Pattern ◽  
Low Sensitivity ◽  
Urine Specimens

Beta-lactam antibiotic resistance can occur in ESBL-producing bacteria such as E.coli and K.pneumoniae, which can cause UTI. One of the risk factors for infection is the non-intensive care space density level. The objective of this study was to determine the sensitivity pattern of ESBL-producing bacteria in urine specimens of patients in the non-intensive care of Ulin General Hospital, Banjarmasin, in the period of 2016-2018. A descriptive study with a cross-sectional design using data results of urine culture and antibiotic susceptibility patterns data in non-intensive care patients at Ulin General Hospital from 2016 to 2018. The urine test results showed 96 positive isolates of ESBL-producing bacteria, consisting of ESBL-E.coli (69.8%) and ESBL-K.pneumonia (30.2%). Antibiotics with low sensitivity tests were Penicillin, Cephalosporin, Monobactam, and Penicillin/beta-lactam inhibitor combinations. Contrastingly, antibiotics with high sensitivity were Aminoglycoside, Carbapenem, and Glycylcycline. It was concluded from this study that the ESBL-producing bacteria in urine specimens for non-intensive care patients of Banjarmasin Ulin General Hospital in the period of 2016-2018 showed varying sensitivity to antibiotics

scholarly journals Antibiogram of the Common Uropathogenic Bacteria among Yemeni Patients in Sana’a City: A Recent Report

2018 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hafez Alsumairy ◽  
Tawfique K. AlZubiery ◽  
Talal Alharazi ◽  
Mufeed Baddah ◽  
Adel Al-Zubeiry
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Empirical Therapy ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Resistance Rate ◽  
Beta Lactam ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sensitivity Pattern ◽  
Uropathogenic Bacteria

Aims: This study aimed to identify the prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility of the commonly isolated uropathogens in Sana’a city, Yemen. Study Design:  A cross-sectional and descriptive study. Place and Duration of Study: The study was carried out at the hospitals and clinics of Sana'a city, Yemen between October 2016 and March 2017. Methodology: Clean-catch mid-stream urine samples were collected to detect the most common uropathogenic bacteria and their antibiotic susceptibility using Kirby Bauer standardized method. Results: Urine cultures yielded 170 significant bacterial growths of uropathogens. Escherichia coli was the most often isolated pathogen (43.5%), followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae (24.7%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (20.0%) and Staphylococcus aureus (11.8%). The overall sensitivity was high to an excellent pattern for Carbapenems, Nitrofurantoin, Amikacin, and Piperacillin-Tazobactam. Escherichia coli shows an excellent sensitivity (88%) for Nitrofurantoin and Imipenem, followed by (85%) Ertapenem. Pseudomonas aeruginosa exhibited moderate resistance to Carbapenems, Moxifloxacin, and Piperacillin-Tazobactam in this study. Staphylococcus aureus was more vulnerable to all Quinolones except Nalidixic acid and it displays a high sensitivity pattern, 90% for both Nitrofurantoin and Gentamicin, 83% for Penicillin, 80% for both Minocycline. Antibiogram of isolated organisms revealed that there was resistance to two and more antimicrobials. Conclusion: In this study, we observe a high resistance rates to Beta-lactam, Quinolones, and Macrolides antibiotics. Nevertheless, most uropathogenic isolates were still sensitive to Nitrofurantoin, Imipenem, Ertapenem, and Amikacin, they considered as a proper antibiotics for empirical therapy of UTIs. Establishment of antibiogram of locally isolated organisms is necessary to avoid indiscriminating use of antibiotic and to decrease the resistance rate in our community.

scholarly journals Cross Sectional Study on a Spectrum of Bacterial Pathogens under Actions of Infection Control in Different Clinical Specimens of ICU Patients of Sajer General Hospital in Saudi Arabia, and Their Antibiotic Sensitivity Pattern

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (44) ◽  
pp. 3762-3768
Author(s):  
Atallah Alenezi ◽  
Noha El-Tahtawi ◽  
Entesar Mahmoud Makhlouf
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care ◽  
Nosocomial Infection ◽  
Infection Control ◽  
General Hospital ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Icu Patients ◽  
Clinical Specimens ◽  
Sensitivity Pattern

BACKGROUND The intensive care unit (ICU) is a special department of the hospital and health care setting that provides intensive nursing care and care to patients with the most severe and life-threatening illnesses and injuries that require accurate, continuous monitoring and support from specialist, medication, and equipment in order to maintain normal bodily functions. Nosocomial infections are one of the leading causes of mortality in hospitalised patients especially the critically ill patients in the intensive care unit. The purpose of the present study was isolation, identification, and detection of the antibiotic sensitivity pattern of pathogenic bacteria isolated from different clinical specimens of ICU patients under the effect of infection control in Sajer General Hospital in Saudi Arabia. METHODS In this cross-sectional study conducted from January 2020 to April 2020, 200 clinical samples, 40 blood, 45 urine, 50 tracheal aspirate, 30 post-surgical Caesarean section wound swabs, 20 central venous catheters and 15 pus swabs were collected from patients hospitalised in ICUs of Sajer General Hospital. Antibiotic sensitivity testing was performed with the diffusion-disk method for several antibiotics. RESULTS The rate of nosocomial infection among ICU patients due to Gram-negative bacteria is significantly higher than that recorded by Gram-positive bacteria (78.75 %, 21.25 %, respectively). The majority of frequent bacteria isolated from all clinical specimens were Klebsielleae pneumoniae 20 (25 %) followed by Pseudomonas aeruginosa 18 (22.5 %), Acinetobacter baumannii 15 (18.75 %), Escherichia coli 10 (12.50 %), Staphylococcus aureus 9 (11.25 %), Streptococcus pyogenes 6 (7.50 %) and enterococcus spp. 2 (2.50 %). K. pneumoniae, P. aeruginosa and E. coli achieved high sensitivity to imipenem and meropenem (100 %). A. baumannii showed high sensitivity to meropenem (100 %) and imipenem (93.33 %). Staph. aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes and enterococcus species showed high sensitivity to vancomycin (100 %). CONCLUSIONS The nosocomial infection is a major cause of mortality and morbidity in hospitals. The role of nursing care in the prevention of nosocomial infection has proven vital due to the emergence and spreading of different pathogenic bacteria. Close interactions between health care providers can save many more lives. KEY WORDS Intensive Care Units, Antibiotics Sensitivity Pattern, Nursing Infection Control

scholarly journals Comparison between near miss criteria in a maternal intensive care unit

2018 ◽  
Vol 52 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alana Santos Monte ◽  
Liana Mara Rocha Teles ◽  
Mônica Oliveira Batista Oriá ◽  
Francisco Herlânio Costa Carvalho ◽  
Helen Brown ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Maternal Death ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
High Specificity ◽  
Near Miss ◽  
World Health ◽  
Maternal Near Miss ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional

ABSTRACT Objective: The aim of this study was to compare the incidence of different criteria of maternal near miss in women admitted to an obstetric intensive care unit and their sensitivity and specificity in identifying cases that have evolved to morbidity. Method: A cross-sectional analytical epidemiological study was conducted with women admitted to the intensive care unit of the Maternity School Assis Chateaubriand in Ceará, Brazil. The Chi-square test and odds ratio were used. Results: 560 records were analyzed. The incidence of maternal near miss ranged from 20.7 in the Waterstone criteria to 12.4 in the Geller criteria. The maternal near-miss mortality ratio varied from 4.6:1 to 7.1:1, showing better index in the Waterstone criteria, which encompasses a greater spectrum of severity. The Geller and Mantel criteria, however, presented high sensitivity and low specificity. Except for the Waterstone criteria, there was an association between the three other criteria and maternal death. Conclusion: The high specificity of Geller and Mantel criteria in identifying maternal near miss considering the World Health Organization criteria as a gold standard and a lack of association between the criteria of Waterstone with maternal death.

scholarly journals Accuracy of STRONGKids to Identify Risk of Children Malnutrition in Sanjiwani General Hospital Gianyar, Bali

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Dewa Ngakan Putu Yogi Astika Yogi Astika
Keyword(s):  
General Hospital ◽  
Medical Record ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Healing Process ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Screening Tools ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hospital Malnutrition

Malnutrition in the hospital is a condition that needs to be watched out for because it affects the length of stay and healing process of hospitalized patients. Until now, the prevalence of malnutrition in the hospital is still high in both adult and pediatric patients. Malnutrition screening is required while the patient will be hospitalized. It is necessary to research the accuracy of STRONGKids (Screening tools for risk on nutritional status and growth) as a malnutrition screening in pediatric patients in hospitals, especially at Sanjiwani General Hospital Gianyar percentage of malnutrition in hospitals at Sanjiwani Gianyar Hospital so that they receive early treatment. The purpose of this study was to determine the accuracy of STRONGKids as a screening test for malnutrition in the hospital for children at Sanjiwani General Hospital Gianyar. This research uses a design cross-sectional by the diagnostic test method. Data taken from medical records. Data collection method with consecutive sampling. The number of samples is 40 subjects. The inclusion criteria were children aged one month - 18 years and hospitalized at Sanjiwani Gianyar Hospital. The exclusion criteria were incomplete medical record data, and subjects were categorized as obese or obese on the medical record. The data analysis technique used the SPSS computer program. STRONGKids data are presented in 2 x 2 table form Chi-square. The results obtained were the percentage of hospital malnutrition of 9.8%. STRONGKids with a cutoff value of 1 had a sensitivity of 100% and a specificity of 35.1%. So, the STRONGKids score has fairly high sensitivity, so that the use of the STRONGKids score in combination with anthropometric measurements can be used to detect malnutrition in hospitals. Keywords: sensitivity, STRONGKids, child malnutrition

Detection of Posttraumatic Stress Symptoms in Patients After Discharge From Intensive Care

2016 ◽  
Vol 25 (6) ◽  
pp. 509-515 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heather Warlan ◽  
Lois Howland ◽  
Cynthia Connelly
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Screening Tool ◽  
Screening Instrument ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress Syndrome ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Intensive Care Patients ◽  
Stress Syndrome

Background Despite emphasis on identifying personal and clinical characteristics that place patients at higher risk for posttraumatic stress syndrome after intensive care, the extent of screening for the syndrome in intensive care patients is unknown. Objectives To examine the feasibility and acceptability of a screening tool to detect posttraumatic stress syndrome, screen for the syndrome soon after discharge from intensive care to identify patients at risk for post-traumatic stress disorder, and determine personal and clinical factors related to higher scores on the screening instrument. Methods A single-center, cross-sectional design was used. At 2 to 4 weeks after hospital discharge, 41 patients treated in an intensive care unit completed the screening instrument and the Screening Experience Questionnaire via telephone. Associations between participants’ characteristics and scores were examined, and screening experiences were described. Results Participants reported that the screening instrument was easy to understand, caused little distress, and could be completed in an acceptable time frame. Participants reported that they had not been screened via a formal process or received education during or after their stay in the unit. Among the participants, 44% preferred screening in the outpatient setting. Higher scores on the screening tool were associated with history of depression, moderate levels of sedation, and intensive care unit delirium. Conclusions The majority of intensive care patients most likely are not being screened for posttraumatic stress syndrome despite a higher risk for the syndrome in these patients than in the general population.

scholarly journals Comparison of High-sensitivity C-reactive Protein Level between Chronic Kidney Disease Stages

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Mochammad Thaha ◽  
Tri Asih Imroati ◽  
Aditia Wardana ◽  
S Widodo ◽  
S Pranawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
General Hospital ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Statin Treatment ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Stage 4 ◽  
Ckd Stage ◽  
Hs Crp ◽  
Disease Stages

ABSTRACTAim : This research is to evaluate the hs-CRP level comparison between CKD stages in Dr. Soetomo General Hospital Surabaya.Methods: An analytic observational cross-sectional study, evaluating the differences of hs-CRP level between CKD stages in 72 patients (mean age 55.49±7.62 years, the ratio between male:female was 1:1.48, mean BMI 24.18±3.64 kg/m2, 36.11% diabetics, 43.05% on ACEI/ARB, 29.16% on statin), recruited from Nephrology Outpatient Clinic, Dr Soetomo General Hospital, Surabaya, from January to May 2014. The stages were stratified  according to the MDRD formula.Results: The mean hs-CRP of  CKD stage 3 was 2.29±2.86, stage 4 was 2.48 ± 2.19, and non-dialysis stage 5 was 2.09 ± 2.54. The analysis using Kruskal-Wallis test showed no significant differences among patients with  CKD stage 3, stage 4, and non-dialysis stage 5 (median 1.25 vs 1.80 vs 1.05 mg/L; p=0.430). No significant differences of the serum hs-CRP level were detected between diabetics and non diabetics in stage 3, 4, and non-dialysis stage 5  (p=0.673 vs 0.666 vs 0.138); between patients with and without ACEI/ARB treatment (p=0.610 vs 0.649 vs 0.671); and between patients with and without statin treatment (p=0.852 vs 0.341 vs 0.309).Conclusion: The elevation of serum hs-CRP level can not indicate the decline of kidney function, but it still needs further investigations.

scholarly journals Isolation Of Extended-Spectrum B-Lactamase (ESBL) Producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumiae From Dr. Zainoel Abidin General Hospital, Aceh

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zinatul Hayati ◽  
Syamsul Rizal ◽  
Ridhia Putri
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
General Hospital ◽  
Clinical Specimen ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Clinical Microbiology Laboratory ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Extended Spectrum ◽  
Sensitivity Pattern

Infection that occurs in Indonesia has increased more significantly than before, compared to the increasing bacterial multidrug resistance (MDR) as the cause of infection. A study conducted in 5 hospitals in Indonesia in 2013 showed that the prevalence rate of extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing bacteria reached 32-68%. The objective of this study is to detect the prevalence and resistence pattern of ESBL-producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae in Dr. Zainoel Abidin General Hospital, Banda Aceh. This study was conducted from 1 September 2016 to 31 December 2016. Specimen types included in this study were blood, sputum, urine, pus, mucosal swab, and another body fluids sample. The sampling method in this study was total sampling that is all clinical specimen examined in Clinical Microbiology Laboratory. Isolation and identification ESBL-producing bacteria was performed by VITEK-2 machine (Biomerieux). The result of this study is that a total 122 E. coli and K. pneumoniae were isolated. That consisted of 48 (39%) E. coli isolates and 74 (61%) K. pneumoniae isolates. From 48 E. coli isolates it was found out that 41 (85%) had ESBL phenotypes and from 74 K. pneumoniae isolates it was found out that 59 (80%) had ESBL phenotypes. In total, 100 (82%) isolates from 122 isolates had ESBL phenotypes. Distribution of ESBL-producing E. coli and K. pneumoniae based on sample was 24 (89%) isolates from the total of 27 urine isolates, 18 (95%) isolates from the total of 19 blood isolates, 28 (78%) isolates from the total of 36 sputum isolates, and 30 (75%) isolates from the total of 40 pus isolates. Antibiotic sensitivity pattern of the E. coli and K. pneumoniae isolates had high sensitivity to amycasin dan meropenem which was above 89%. Meanwhile, it also had sensitivity to Fosfomycin and Piperacyclin-Tazobactam by 80% and 77% respectively. Another antibiotic was less effective

scholarly journals EVALUATION OF ANTIBIOTIC SENSITIVITY PATTERN IN ACUTE TONSILLITIS

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sadhana Joshi ◽  
Gaurav Parashar
Keyword(s):  
Prospective Observational Study ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Acute Tonsillitis ◽  
Sensitivity Pattern ◽  
History Of ◽  
Amoxicillin Clavulanic Acid ◽  
Antibiotics Sensitivity ◽  
Low Sensitivity ◽  
Body Ache

Background: Tonsillitis is a frequent condition noticed in the ENT department of every hospital. One out of every 10 children visiting the ENT OPD, suffer from acute tonsillitis. Methods: This was a prospective observational study conducted on patients coming with a history of throat pain, pain on swallowing, fever, body ache and other constitutional symptoms. Results: Antibiotic resistance was seen in case of the commonly used antibiotics like ampicillin, amoxicillin, Amoxicillin+Clavulanic acid. Cephalosporins were less commonly used antibiotics and showed resistance in 78.00% cases. Cotrimoxazole showed about 16.00% resistant cases. The less commonly used antibiotic was vancomycin however, showed high sensitivity (100%) followed by Linezolid (92.00%) and Clindamycin (82.00%). Erythromycin showed 76% sensitivity while ciprofloxacin showed a low sensitivity of 40.00% followed by Cephalosporins (22.0%). Conclusion: The antibiotic sensitivity pattern could revolutionize the management of chronic tonsillitis. Keywords: Acute tonsillitis, Antibiotics, Sensitivity

scholarly journals Pain management in intensive care unit patients after cardiac surgery with sternotomy approach

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-63
Author(s):  
Baiba Vilīte ◽  
Eva Strīķe ◽  
Katrīna Rutka ◽  
Roberts Leibuss
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Surgery ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Patient Satisfaction ◽  
Pain Management ◽  
Postoperative Pain ◽  
Pharmacological Treatment ◽  
Pharmacological Therapy ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Intensive Care Patients ◽  
Vas Score

Background. Postoperative pain is a common problem among intensive care patients. Pain management includes pain assessment and documentation, patient care, and pharmacological treatment. Materials and methods. The study used a prospective, cross-sectional design. Nineteen intensive care nurses and 72 intensive care patients after cardiac surgery with sternotomy approach were studied. Toronto Pain Management Inventory was used to assess nurses and the 2010 Revised American Pain Society Patient Outcome Questionnaire was used to assess the patients. A research protocol was used to document pharmacological treatment data and Visual Analog Scale (VAS) pain measurements. The pharmacological therapy data was available for 72 patients, but patient satisfaction measurements were acquired from 52 patients. Results. Postoperative pain for intensive care patients after cardiac surgery is mostly mild (68.66%). Pain intensity had a tendency to decrease over time, from a mean VAS score of 4.66 two hours after extubation to a mean VAS score of 3.12 twelve hours after extubation. Mostly opioids (100%) and nonsteroidal anti‑inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs, 77.8%) were used for pharmacological treatment, and treatment was adjusted according to pain levels and patient needs. Patient satisfaction regarding pain management in the first 24 hours after surgery was high (94.2%), even though the nurses’ pain knowledge was average (X = 60.6 ± 7.3%). Conclusions. An individualized pain management plan requires pain documentation and ensures high patient satisfaction. Pain levels after cardiac surgery with sternotomy approach are mostly mild and patient satisfaction is high.

scholarly journals Do we need to enlarge emergency services or new emergency hospitals?

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 329-333
Author(s):  
Ensar Durmuş ◽  
Fatih Güneysu
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care ◽  
Emergency Room ◽  
Emergency Services ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Average Hospital ◽  
Emergency Admissions ◽  
Prolonged Length ◽  
Intensive Care Patients ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Bed Capacity

Objective: It was aimed to obtain a notion about the needed hospital bed capacity by analyzing the number of hospitalizations and referrals from the ER in this study. Material and Method: This study is a retrospective, analytical cross-sectional research. Patients admitted to a tertiary hospital’s adult emergency service in 2018-2019, hospitalized, or referred to another hospital were analyzed. Results: Of the patients, 28036 were hospitalized; furthermore, this number corresponded to 38.4 patients per day. Of these cases, 15303 (54.6%) were male, and the mean age was 57.89 (±19.5); 8438 cases (30.1%) were admitted to the intensive care unit. The department with the most hospitalizations was internal medicine with 6105 patients (21.78%) and cardiology, with 4822 hospitalized, the most intensive care patients; moreover, psychiatry had the most prolonged length of stay service average of 28 days. The number of patients required to be hospitalized from the emergency room was an average of 48.5 patients per day. The average hospital stay was seven days. Conclusion: Mainly in regions with several emergency admissions, it can be considered to establish emergency hospitals that serve particularly emergency cases to engage the number of patients to be hospitalized from the emergency room.

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