scholarly journals Smooth integration of transport infrastructure into urban space

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 1379
Author(s):  
Anastasios Mouratidis
Keyword(s):  
Urban Space ◽  
Urban Form ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Traffic Monitoring ◽  
Urban Transport ◽  
Transport Infrastructure ◽  
Transport Systems ◽  
European Cities ◽  
Motorized Transport ◽  
New Infrastructure

Municipal authorities in industrialized and in developing countries face unceasingly the issues of congestion, insufficiency of transport means capacity, poor operability of transport systems and a growing demand for reliable and effective urban transport. While the expansion of infrastructure is generally considered as an undesirable option, in specific cases, when short links or ring roads are missing, new infrastructure projects may provide beneficial solutions. The upgrading and renewal of existing networks is always a challenge to the development of a modern city and the welfare of citizens. Central governance and management of transport systems, the establishment of smart and digital infrastructure, advanced surveillance and traffic monitoring, and intra-city energy-harvesting policy are some of the steps to be taken during the transition to a green and sustainable urban future.Municipal authorities have also to consider other options and strategies to create a citizen-friendly setting for mobility: diminish the need for trips (digitalization of services, e-commerce, etc.), shift from private to public transport and transform the urban form to promote non-motorized transport in favor of the natural environment and public health. A citizen-friendly policy based on the anticipation of future needs and technological development seems to be a requisite for European cities searching for a smooth integration of their networks into urban space.

scholarly journals The Tendency of Urban Stakeholders to Adopt Sustainable Logistics Measures on the Example of a Polish Metropolis

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (21) ◽  
pp. 5909
Author(s):  
Maria Matusiewicz ◽  
Ryszard Rolbiecki ◽  
Marcin Foltyński
Keyword(s):  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Urban Space ◽  
Urban Transport ◽  
Transport Infrastructure ◽  
Urban Freight ◽  
European Cities ◽  
Sustainable Logistics ◽  
Policies And Measures ◽  
Urban Freight Transport ◽  
Information And Communication

The scale of policies and measures for sustainable urban freight transport in European cities is still insignificant. However, the situation is changing as more and more cities are adopting sustainable urban logistics plans (SULPs). The situation in cities is extremely heterogeneous, so it would be difficult to point to one single policy that fits all. Yet the tool created with European projects constituting an instruction to prepare SULP allows us to follow the standardized steps, regardless of the conditions found in particular cities. The effectiveness of implementing sustainable measures to a large extent depends on the level of acceptability of individual urban space stakeholders. The article presents the results of a survey conducted among stakeholders of a Polish metropolis—the Gdansk–Gdynia–Sopot metropolitan area. The analysis showed that acceptability rises with the increase in the size of the surveyed entities. The most diversified acceptability ratings were obtained for the transport infrastructure solutions. Proposals for Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) solutions are rated more positively by medium-sized and large enterprises. These solutions are assessed with greater caution by small and micro enterprises. The least diversified and clearly higher acceptance indicators were obtained for proposals in the scope of shaping sustainable urban transport development. The assessments obtained from the respondents should therefore constitute an important element of the works for developing the sustainable urban logistics plans starting in 2020 for Gdynia and also the opinions can be an important element of the future sustainable urban logistics plans, which are currently being developed in many European cities.

scholarly journals Assessing Sustainable Mobility Measures Applying Multicriteria Decision Making Methods

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (15) ◽  
pp. 6067 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonas Damidavičius ◽  
Marija Burinskienė ◽  
Jurgita Antuchevičienė
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Evaluation Model ◽  
Multicriteria Decision Making ◽  
Urban Transport ◽  
Transport Infrastructure ◽  
Transport Systems ◽  
Sustainable Transport ◽  
Sustainable Mobility ◽  
Multicriteria Decision

An increasing number of recent discussions have focused on the need for designing transport systems in consonance with the importance of the environment, thus promoting investment in the growth of non-motorized transport infrastructure. Under such conditions, the demand for implementing the most effective infrastructure measures has a profoundly positive impact, and requires the least possible financial and human resources. The development of the concept of sustainable mobility puts emphasis on the integrated planning of transport systems, and pays major attention to the expansion of non-motorized and public transport, and different sharing systems, as well as to effective traffic management involving intelligent transport systems. The development of transport infrastructure requires massive investment, and hence the proper use of mobility measures is one of the most important objectives for the rational planning of sustainable transport systems. To achieve this established goal, this article examines a compiled set of mobility measures and identifies the significance of the preferred tools, which involve sustainable mobility experts. The paper also applies multicriteria decision making methods in assessing urban transport systems and their potential in terms of sustainable mobility. Multicriteria decision making methods have been successfully used for assessing the effectiveness of sustainable transport systems, and for comparing them between cities. The proposed universal evaluation model is applied to similar types of cities. The article explores the adaptability of the model by assessing big Lithuanian cities.

scholarly journals Concepts of Development of Alternative Travel in Autonomous Cars

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (21) ◽  
pp. 8841
Author(s):  
Vytautas Palevičius ◽  
Rasa Ušpalytė-Vitkūnienė ◽  
Jonas Damidavičius ◽  
Tomas Karpavičius
Keyword(s):  
Transport System ◽  
Urban Transport ◽  
Transport Infrastructure ◽  
Transport Systems ◽  
Intelligent Transport Systems ◽  
Conceptual Tool ◽  
Intelligent Transport ◽  
Travel Planning ◽  
Autonomous Cars ◽  
Car Travel

Autonomous car travel planning is increasingly gaining attention from scientists and professionals, who are addressing the integration of autonomous cars into the general urban transportation system. Autonomous car travel planning depends on the transport system infrastructure, the dynamic data, and their quality. The efficient development of travel depends on the development level of the Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS) and the Cooperative Intelligent Transport Systems (C-ITS). Today, most cities around the world are competing with each other to become the smartest cities possible, using and integrating the most advanced ITS and C-ITS that are available. It is clear that ITS and C-ITS are occupying an increasing share of urban transport infrastructure, so the complex challenges of ITS and C-ITS development will inevitably need to be addressed, in the near future, by integrating them into the overall urban transport system. With this in mind, the authors proposed three autonomous car travel development concepts that should become a conceptual tool in the development of ITS and C-ITS.

scholarly journals Detour and break optimising distance, a new perspective on transport and urbanism

2016 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 441-463 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alain L'Hostis
Keyword(s):  
Public Space ◽  
Urban Space ◽  
Urban Form ◽  
Regional Scale ◽  
Transport Systems ◽  
Railway Stations ◽  
Mathematical Properties ◽  
Fast Transport ◽  
New Perspective ◽  
Transport Maps

By studying the mathematical properties of metrics, we identify three fundamental characteristics of distance, which are optimality, detour and break. In this paper, we explore the implications of these properties for transport planning, urbanism and spatial planning. We state that distances contain the idea of optimum and that any distance is associated to a search for optimisation. Pedestrian movements obey this principle and sometimes depart from designed routes. Local sub-optimality conveyed by public transport maps has to be corrected by interventions on public space to relieve the load on central parts of networks. The second principle we state is that detour in distances is most often a means to optimise movement. Fast transport systems generate most of the detour observed in geographical spaces at regional scale. This is why detour has to be taken into account in regional transport policies. The third statement is that breaks in movement contribute to optimising distances. Benches, cafés, pieces of art, railway stations are examples of the urban break. These facilities of break represent an urban paradox: they organise the possibility of a break, of a waste of time in a trip, and they also contribute to optimising distances in a wider network. In that sense, break should be considered as a relevant principle for the design of urban space in order to support a pedestrian-oriented urban form.

scholarly journals The Influence of Spatial Distribution of Transport Infrastructure on Transport Equity in China

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 75
Author(s):  
Yuxin Hu
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Spatial Structure ◽  
Urban Space ◽  
Urban Transport ◽  
Transport Infrastructure ◽  
Urban Spatial Structure ◽  
Simultaneous Development ◽  
And Diffusion

<p><span lang="EN-US">Urban transport infrastructure plays a key role and creates the basic condition in the development of the urban space. Meanwhile, urban gathering and diffusion bring the different urban spatial structure directly can change the spatial distribution of infrastructure. The influence of transport equity made by spatial distribution of urban transport infrastructure has obvious stages. At every stage, transport equity and spatial distribution of transport infrastructure mutually influence and interact. The intensity of the influence of transport equity by spatial distribution of transport infrastructure is not always the same, but sees a different situation with the simultaneous development of evolution stages.</span></p>

scholarly journals Computerization of designing of urban transport systems using a remote satellite monitoring software product

2020 ◽  
Vol 224 ◽  
pp. 03012
Author(s):  
A Testeshev ◽  
D Gense ◽  
V Timokhovets ◽  
T Babich ◽  
Y Chichilanova
Keyword(s):  
Satellite Image ◽  
Urban Transport ◽  
Transport Infrastructure ◽  
Transport Systems ◽  
Satellite Monitoring ◽  
Software Systems ◽  
Traffic Flows ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Development Scenarios ◽  
Software Product

The design of transport systems within the framework of programs for the integrated development of urban infrastructure is a cascading model that includes the stages of the analysis of target functions; monitoring of transport infrastructure; forecast transport demand; modeling of development scenarios; development, performance evaluation and verification of investment projects. To reduce resource costs, designers use a variety of hardware and software systems, the degree of security of which, their inherent advantages and disadvantages were identified during a statistical survey of employees of road facilities. According to the results of the study, to automate the collection of traffic characteristics at the monitoring stage, a software product was developed and patented to interpret a static image of a satellite image from online resources into the dynamic characteristics of traffic flows (speed, density, composition and traffic intensity). The functional apparatus of the product is the multiparameter equations of the theory of traffic flows, taking into account transport and road conditions. Assessment of the cost and capabilities of the developed software in comparison with foreign counterparts showed the vitality of this product.

scholarly journals Urban Transport and Eco-Urbanism: A Global Comparative Study of Cities with a Special Focus on Five Larger Swedish Urban Regions

Urban Science ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey Kenworthy
Keyword(s):  
Public Transport ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Urban Transport ◽  
Transport Systems ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Mobility Patterns ◽  
Urban Regions ◽  
Form And Function ◽  
European Cities ◽  
The Usa

Urban transport is critical in shaping the form and function of cities, particularly the level of automobile dependence and sustainability. This paper presents a detailed study of the urban transport eco-urbanism characteristics of the Stockholm, Malmö, Göteborg, Linköping, and Helsingborg urban regions in southern Sweden. It compares these cities to those in the USA, Australia, Canada, and two large wealthy Asian cities (Singapore and Hong Kong). It finds that while density is critical in determining many features of eco-urbanism, especially mobility patterns and particularly how much public transport, walking, and cycling are used, Swedish cities maintain healthy levels of all these more sustainable modes and only moderate levels of car use, while having less than half the density of other European cities. Swedish settlement patterns and urban transport policies mean they also enjoy, globally, the lowest level of transport emissions and transport deaths per capita and similar levels of energy use in private passenger transport as other European cities, and a fraction of that used in lower density North American and Australian cities. Swedish urban public transport systems are generally well provided for and form an integral part of the way their cities function, considering their lower densities. Their use of walking and cycling is high, though not as high as in other European cities and together with public transport cater for nearly 50% of the total daily trip making, compared to auto-dependent regions with between about 75% and 85% car trips. The paper explores these and other patterns in some detail. It provides a clear depiction of the strengths and weaknesses of Swedish cities in urban transport, some key policy directions to improve them and posits possible explanations for some of the atypical patterns observed.

scholarly journals Territorial planning of transport in Russia: current condition, problems and prospects of development

2020 ◽  
Vol 210 ◽  
pp. 09009
Author(s):  
Petr Krylov
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
Economic System ◽  
Regional Level ◽  
Urban Transport ◽  
Transport Infrastructure ◽  
Transport Systems ◽  
Time Limits ◽  
Master Plans ◽  
Territorial Planning ◽  
Similarities And Differences

The paper considers the current condition and problems of territorial planning of extra-urban transport in Russia. The paper analyzes the key parameters of improving the transport system of Russia as one of the most important elements of the economic system. The main social and economic requirements for documents of territorial planning of transport in Russia at the regional level are contained in the regional standards of urban planning design. They set the time limits for maximum transport accessibility from places where people live to places where important social and economic objects and service institutions are located. The paper provides examples of the most important promising projects in the construction of extra-urban transport infrastructure. Similarities and differences between general layouts and master plans in terms of territorial planning of transport infrastructure are shown. The problems of planning transport systems of urban agglomerations are considered. Recommendations are given for changing the methodology of territorial planning of extra-urban transport in Russia.

The rebirth of urban subcenters: How subway expansion impacts the spatial structure and mix of amenities in European cities

2021 ◽  
pp. 239980832110569
Author(s):  
Tabea S Sonnenschein ◽  
Simon Scheider ◽  
Siqi Zheng
Keyword(s):  
Positive Impact ◽  
Urban Transport ◽  
Transport Infrastructure ◽  
Social Media Data ◽  
European Cities ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Amenities ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Media Data ◽  
Degree Of Similarity

Why do some neighborhoods thrive, and others do not? While the importance of the local amenity mix has been established as a key determinant of local livability, its link to urban transport infrastructure remains understudied, partially due to a lack of data. Using spatiotemporal social media data from Foursquare, we analyze the impact of metro stations which opened between 2014 and 2017 on the amenity mix of surrounding neighborhoods in nine European cities: Rome, Milan, Barcelona, Budapest, Warsaw, Sofia, Vienna, Helsinki, and Stuttgart. Thereby, we study three properties of the local amenity mix: its density, multifunctionality, and the heterogeneity between amenity types. For this purpose, we propose a new measurement of multifunctionality, which calculates the entropy of the locally present amenity set incorporating the degree of similarity between amenity types. For causal inference, we use Difference-in-Difference Regression based on Propensity Score Matching and Entropy Balancing. Our findings show that in most cities, subway expansion had a significant positive impact on the local amenity density and multifunctionality and that especially the social amenities—Arts & Entertainment, Restaurants and Nightlife—responded strongly. Moreover, considerable agglomeration forces seem to prevail, causing existing subcenters to benefit most from new metro stations.

scholarly journals THE ANALYSIS OF THE SUSTAINABLE MOBILITY LEVEL IN SELECTED EUROPEAN CITIES

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Ciaston-Ciulkin
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
European Union ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Emissions ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Urban Space ◽  
Traffic Congestion ◽  
Transport Infrastructure ◽  
Sustainable Mobility ◽  
Expected Effect ◽  
European Cities

Transport needs have to be met through efficient and integrated usage of existing transport infrastructure and urban space together with actions taken in order to reduce traffic congestion by reducing the number and length of travels by car and reducing the demand for the travelling. The expected effect of these actions is the less noise, air pollution and greenhouse gas emissions. The article presents the proposal of the indicator for measuring the degree of sustainable mobility based on the example of European Union cities. The presented method for determining the level of sustainable mobility has been inspired by different researches and it is based on a study of different sub-indicators used for measuring the degree of sustainability of the modal split.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/CIT2016.2016.3455

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