Effects of static magnetic field on growth, some biochemical and antioxidant system in lemon balm (Melissa officinalis L.) seedlings

The effects of magnetic waves as natural environmental factors on the Earths are not well known on plant growth and development. The present study was carried out to evaluate the effects of static magnetic field (SMF) treatment (4 and 6 mT for 30 and 120 min per day) for eight days on the biomass production, proline contents and total soluble sugar, phenolic compounds, accumulation of H2O2 and MDA along with activity of antioxidant enzymes in lemon balm seedlings. Our results showed that SMF treatments, especially 6 mT and 120 min duration, increased the plant biomass, proline contents, phenolic compounds, H2O2 and MDA accumulation, and reduced the contents of total soluble sugars. The SMF application also increased the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), ascorbate peroxidase (APX) and glutathione reductase (GR) enzymes compared to untreated seedlings. Our results suggest that SMF treatments induces the antioxidant defense system in the lemon balm seedlings and, by changing the plant metabolism, improves the early vigor of seedlings.

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Total Soluble Sugar Quantification from Ethanolic Plant Extracts v1

10.17504/protocols.io.b2nsqdee ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Lynn Doran ◽

Amanda P. De Souza

Keyword(s):

Plant Extracts ◽

Plant Tissue ◽

Soluble Sugar ◽

Soluble Sugars ◽

Total Soluble Sugars ◽

Total Soluble Sugar ◽

Tissue Extracts

Quantification of total soluble sugars (as glucose) in plant tissue extracts via the sulfuric phenol method adapted for 96 well plates.

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Biochemical and phytochemical evaluation of Stevia rebaudiana

Asian Journal of Medical and Biological Research ◽

10.3329/ajmbr.v2i1.27577 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

pp. 121-130 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Md Moniruzzaman Sohag Howlader ◽

Sheikh Rashel Ahmed ◽

Khadizatul Kubra ◽

Md Khairul Hassan Bhuiyan

Keyword(s):

Phenolic Compounds ◽

Sugar Content ◽

Soluble Sugar ◽

Soluble Sugars ◽

Stevia Rebaudiana ◽

Reducing Sugar ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Total Phenolic Compounds ◽

Dry Extract ◽

Total Soluble Sugar

The present study was aimed to evaluate biochemical and phytotochemical of dry leaves of Stevia rebaudiana. Biochemical analysis indicated that Stevia leaves are a good source of carbohydrate and reducing sugar. Different extraction methods were used to prepare four different dry extracts (Extract A, B, C, D). Total soluble sugars and reducing sugars were analyzed for these four dry extracts and commercial Stevia powder. The highest amount of total soluble sugar (477 mg sugar g-1 dry extract) was obtained from extract C and higher amount of reducing sugar (82 mg g-1 dry extract) was obtained from extract D among the extracts. But commercial Stevia powder showed higher total soluble sugar content (754 mg g-1 dry powder) and highest amount of reducing sugar (98 mg g-1 dry extract) than all the extracted dry samples. The extraction process of dry extract C was feasible for the extraction of total soluble sugar. For the phytochemical screening, crude extract was tested for the presence of different chemical groups and presence of alkaloids, phenolic compounds, steroids, tannins, flavonoids, cardiac glycosides and saponins that were identified. The highest amount of total phenolic compounds (92 mg) was recorded from methanolic extract of extraction B. The lowest amount of total phenolic compounds (36 mg) was recorded in ethanolic extract of extraction A. So, Methanol proved as best solvent to extract increased quantity of total phenolic compounds than other solvents.Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. March 2016, 2(1): 121-130

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Flower opening and vase life of gladiolus cultivars: the sensitivity to ethylene and the carbohydrate content

Ornamental Horticulture ◽

10.14295/oh.v22i2.901 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 22 (2) ◽

pp. 147 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Lucas Cavalcante Da Costa ◽

Fernando Luiz Finger

Keyword(s):

Developmental Stages ◽

Sugar Content ◽

Soluble Sugar ◽

Soluble Sugars ◽

Test Tube ◽

Carbohydrate Content ◽

Vase Life ◽

Flower Opening ◽

Total Soluble Sugars ◽

Total Soluble Sugar

Vase life is one of the most important characteristics in the quality of cut flowers. The carbohydrate content of petals from each cultivar can be a decisive factor to vase life of gladiolus flowers. Despite exposure to ethylene does not affect the life of open florets of gladiolus flowers, it may reduce the flower’s commercial life due the occurrence of flower buds abortion. This study thus aimed to evaluate the flower opening and the vase life of gladiolus flowers according to ethylene sensitivity and carbohydrate content of each cultivar. The gladiolus cultivars used in Experiment I were ‘Amsterdam’, ‘Blue Frost’, ‘Gold Field’, ‘Green Star’, ‘Jester’, ‘Lavender’, ‘Red Beauty’, ‘Rose Supreme’, ‘Traderhorn’, and ‘Verônica’. Stems were stored in airtight chambers and exposed to the ethylene concentrations of 0, 0.1, 1.0, 10, 100, and 1000 μL L−1 for 24 h. Subsequently, flower stem were placed in a test tube with distilled water when were evaluated for percentage of flower opening and vase life. In Experiment II, three cultivars (‘Amsterdam’, ‘Red Beauty’, and ‘Verônica’) were chosen based on the lowest, medium, and highest vase life in Experiment I, respectively. Total soluble sugars, reducing sugars, and starch contents were evaluated in five flower developmental stages. No effect of ethylene on the flower opening or alterations in flower opening between cultivars. The vase life of gladiolus flowers differed between cultivars regardless of ethylene action. ‘Verônica’ and ‘Amsterdam’, which had the highest and lowest vase life, respectively, differed as to the total soluble sugar content. Ethylene does not influence the flower opening or vase life of the gladiolus cultivars studied. In these cultivars, the maintenance of flower opening is attributed to total soluble sugars content, which, in turn, is a major determinant of the vase life.

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The effect of sample date and plant density on the carbohydrate content of forage maize and the changes that occur on ensiling

The Journal of Agricultural Science ◽

10.1017/s0021859600061372 ◽

1977 ◽

Vol 89 (3) ◽

pp. 589-597 ◽

Cited By ~ 26

Author(s):

A. B. McAllan ◽

R. H. Phipps

Keyword(s):

Plant Density ◽

Starch Content ◽

Sugar Content ◽

Soluble Sugar ◽

Soluble Sugars ◽

Sampling Period ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Total Soluble Sugars ◽

Forage Maize ◽

Total Soluble Sugar

SummaryThe (early maturing) maize hybrid, Anjou 210, was sown on 1 May (1975) and 50000 (LD) and 150000 (HD) plants/ha established. Leaf, stem, ear and husk components of the shoots, and whole shoots were separately examined for changes in dry weight, soluble sugars, starch, hemicellulose and cellulose at regular intervals from 104 to 154 days after planting together with whole shoots after ensiling.Throughout the sampling period whole shoot and ear dry weights increased steadily whereas those of leaf and stem decreased in plants from both treatments.Total soluble sugar contents for plants grown at LD were at a maximum 104 days after planting compared with 125 days after planting for the HD crop. Immediately prior to ensiling whole shoot soluble sugar content was 74 and 93 g/kg D.M. for LD and HD treatments respectively.Small amounts of starch (g/kg D.M.) were found in stems (10–25), husks (40–80) and leaves (17–35) of plants grown at both densities. The starch content of the ear increased from 57 to 390 g/kg D.M. and 168 to 376 g/kg D.M. in plants grown at LD and HD respectively.For plants from both treatments hemicellulose contents of husks, leaves and whole shoots increased with age whereas those of stems decreased. Cellulose contents did not vary greatly over the growing season.On ensiling plants from both densities, total soluble sugars had virtually disappeared after only 3 days. Apparent losses (approximately 0·3 g/g), over a longer period of time, were observed in hemicellulose sugars and starch. Apparent increases were observed in cellulose contents of approximately 0·15 g/g.

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Amido e açúcares solúveis totais em pós-colheita de inflorescências de bastão-de-imperador

Ornamental Horticulture ◽

10.14295/oh.v24i4.1205 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 24 (4) ◽

pp. 435-442 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Drucylla Guerra Mattos ◽

Patrícia Duarte de Oliveira Paiva ◽

Heloisa Helena De Siqueira Elias ◽

Eduardo Valério De Barros Vilas Boas ◽

Lucas Ferreira Rodrigues ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Starch Content ◽

Sugar Content ◽

Soluble Sugar ◽

Soluble Sugars ◽

Storage Period ◽

Control Treatment ◽

Total Soluble Sugars ◽

Total Soluble Sugar ◽

Carnauba Wax ◽

Opening Stage

Floral opening stage during harvest and use of postharvest techniques, such as inflorescence coating with carnauba wax, may influence quality maintenance for commercialization. The aim was to evaluate the carbohydrate content of torch ginger inflorescences harvested at two different opening stages and treated with different concentrations of carnauba wax. The inflorescences were harvested with semi-open (basal bracts beginning their expansion process) and open bracts (fully expanded basal bracts and opening of the smaller bracts on interior of the inflorescence) and received the application of carnauba wax at concentrations of 0.75%; 1.5% or 3.0%, in addition to a control treatment, without wax application. After the treatment, the floral stems were maintained at 16 and 21 oC for 20 days. During the storage period, five bracts samples (external and internal bracts separately - in open inflorescences, external and internal bracts together - in semi-open inflorescences) were carried out every three days for evaluation of total soluble sugars and starch content. Contents of total soluble sugars and starch differed between the different types of bracts collected and throughout the storage period evaluated, and could indicate a remobilization of reserves. The concentration of 3.0% carnauba waxinduced higher total soluble sugar content. However, this content does not affect the longevity of torch ginger at the two evaluated floral opening stages.

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Invertase and sucrose synthase activities in coffee plants sprayed with sucrose solution

Scientia Agricola ◽

10.1590/s0103-90162003000200006 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 60 (2) ◽

pp. 239-244 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

José Carlos da Silva ◽

José Donizeti Alves ◽

Amauri Alves de Alvarenga ◽

Marcelo Murad Magalhães ◽

Dárlan Einstein do Livramento ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Sucrose Synthase ◽

Sucrose Solution ◽

Management Practice ◽

Physiological State ◽

Soluble Sugar ◽

Soluble Sugars ◽

Total Soluble Sugar ◽

Coffee Plants ◽

Sugar Levels ◽

High Level

One management practice of which the efficiency has not yet been scientifically tested is spraying coffee plants with diluted sucrose solutions as a source of carbon for the plant. This paper evaluates the effect of foliar spraying with sugar on the endogenous level of carbohydrates and on the activities of invertase and sucrose synthase in coffee (Coffea arabica L.) seedlings with reduced (low) and high (normal) levels of carbon reserve. The concentrations used were 0.5 and 1.0% sucrose, and water as a control. The use of sucrose at 1.0% caused an increase in the concentration of total soluble sugars in depauperate plants, as well as increased the activity of the following enzymes: cell wall and vacuole acid invertase, neutral cytosol invertase and sucrose synthase. In plants with high level of carbon reserve, no increments in total soluble sugar levels or in enzymatic activity were observed. Regardless of treatments or plants physiological state, no differences in transpiration or stomatal conductance were observed, demonstrating the stomatal control of transpiration. Photosynthesis was stimulated with the use of 0.5 and 1.0 % sucrose only in depauperate plants. Coffee seedling spraying with sucrose is only efficient for depauperate plants, at the concentration of 1.0%.

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Age-Related Changes of Some Chemical Components in the Leaves of Oriental Beech (Fagus orientalis Lipsky.)

South-east European forestry ◽

10.15177/seefor.19-15 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 117-124

Author(s):

Nezahat Turfan ◽

Sezgin Ayan ◽

Esra Nurten Yer ◽

Halil Barış Özel

Keyword(s):

Phenolic Compounds ◽

Soluble Protein ◽

Soluble Sugars ◽

Total Soluble Protein ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Total Chlorophyll ◽

H2o2 Concentration ◽

Total Soluble Sugars ◽

Oriental Beech ◽

Different Ages

Background and Purpose: This study presents the analysis of photosynthetic pigments, proline, total soluble protein, total amino acids, glucose, sucrose, total soluble sugars, total amount of phenolic compounds and flavonoids, malondialdehyde (MDA) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) concentration in the leaf samples collected from oriental beech trees, which are naturally spread in Kastamonu Province, Turkey, with differing ages, enzyme activities of ascorbate peroxidase (APX), catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD). Material and Methods: The research was carried out on oriental beech trees (Fagus orientalis L.) of different ages located at 1300 m high elevation in Ahlat Village of Kastamonu Province, Turkey. Oriental beech trees of different ages (≥25, ≥50, ≥100, ≥200 and ≥600 years-old) constituted the material of this study. In leaf samples taken from trees of different ages, photosynthetic pigments (chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, total chlorophyll and carotenoid), proline, total soluble protein, total amino acid, glucose, sucrose, total soluble sugars, the amount of total phenolic compounds and flavonoids, MDA, H2O2 concentration, enzyme activities of APX, CAT and SOD, as well as the relationship between the total content of C, N and H elements and the tree ages were studied. Results: As a result of the research conducted, significant differences were determined in terms of chlorophyll, total phenolic compound, flavonoid, glucose, amounts of sucrose, nitrogenous compounds, proline, total soluble protein, MDA, H 2O2 concentrations, and the activities of APX, CAT and SOD in the leaves of oriental beech trees with differing ages. The highest content of chlorophyll a was found to be in the youngest age group of ≥25 years. Total chlorophyll is low in young trees and high in middle-aged, old and very old trees. According to the results obtained, it was concluded that the MDA and H2O2 concentrations in the trees did not vary depending on the age of trees only, but also on the genotype, environmental conditions and metabolic activities. It was concluded that the fact that the total chlorophyll, phenolic compounds and sucrose content in oriental beech trees are high and that MDA content is low could have an influence on the long life of ≥600 years-old oriental beech trees. Conclusions: The activity of photosynthesis is related to leaf characteristics more than the age of trees.

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The influence of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. medicaginis on total soluble-sugar concentration of infected alfalfa roots

Canadian Journal of Plant Science ◽

10.4141/cjps93-086 ◽

1993 ◽

Vol 73 (2) ◽

pp. 647-649 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

C. Richard ◽

J.-G. Martin

Keyword(s):

Fusarium Oxysporum ◽

Key Words ◽

Freezing Tolerance ◽

Soluble Sugar ◽

Soluble Sugars ◽

Frost Tolerance ◽

Root Tissue ◽

Sugar Concentration ◽

Low Concentration ◽

Total Soluble Sugar

Alfalfa was inoculated with Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. medicaginis, and the total soluble-sugar concentration was determined in diseased taproots of cold-hardened plants. The concentration of soluble sugars decreased with increasing discoloration of root tissue (r = −0.85, P ≤ 0.0001). The low concentration of soluble sugars might be responsible for the previously reported low freezing tolerance of Fusarium-infected alfalfa. Key words: Alfalfa, Fusarium, sugars, frost tolerance

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Bioactive Compounds and Total Sugar Contents of Different Open-Pollinated Beetroot Genotypes Grown Organically

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules25214884 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 25 (21) ◽

pp. 4884

Author(s):

Khadijeh Yasaminshirazi ◽

Jens Hartung ◽

Michael Fleck ◽

Simone Graeff-Hoenninger

Keyword(s):

Phenolic Compounds ◽

Bioactive Compounds ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Sugar Content ◽

Soluble Sugar ◽

Organic Production ◽

Nitrate Content ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Total Phenolic Compounds ◽

Total Soluble Sugar

The growing interest of consumers in healthy organic products has increased the attention to the organic production of beetroot. In this regard, six field experiments were conducted in 2017 and 2018 in three different locations under the specific conditions of organic agriculture, and fifteen beetroot genotypes, including one F1 hybrid as a commercial control and one breeding line, were compared regarding the content of the total dry matter, total soluble sugar, nitrate, betalain, and total phenolic compounds in order to investigate the genetic potential of new and existing open-pollinated genotypes of beetroot regarding the content of their bioactive compounds. The results of this study indicated a significant impact of genotype (p < 0.05) on all measured compounds. Furthermore, results revealed a significant influence of the interactions of location × year (p < 0.05) on the beetroot composition, and, thus, the role of environmental conditions for the formation of tested compounds. The total dry matter content (TDMC) of beetroots varied between 14.12% and 17.50%. The genotype ‘Nochowski’, which possessed the highest total soluble sugar content with 14.67 °Bx (Brix), was among the genotypes with the lowest nitrate content. On the contrary, the cylindrical-shaped genotype ‘Carillon RZ’ (Rijk Zwaan), indicated the lowest sugar content and the highest nitrate concentration. The amount of total phenolic compounds ranged between 352.46 ± 28.24 mg GAE 100 g−1 DW (milligrams of gallic acid equivalents per 100 g of dry weight) and 489.06 ± 28.24 mg GAE 100 g−1 DW for the red-colored genotypes which is correlated with the high antioxidant capacity of the investigated genotypes. Due to the specifics of the required content of bioactive compounds for various products, the selection of suitable genotypes should be aligned with the intended final utilization.

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Regulation of curcuminoids, photosynthetic abilities, total soluble sugar, and rhizome yield traits in two cultivars of turmeric (Curcuma longa) using exogenous foliar paclobutrazol

Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca ◽

10.15835/nbha49312445 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 49 (3) ◽

pp. 12445

Author(s):

Daonapa CHUNGLOO ◽

Rujira TISARUM ◽

Thapanee SAMPHUMPHUANG ◽

Thanyaporn SOTESARITKUL ◽

Suriyan CHA-UM

Keyword(s):

Plant Growth ◽

Growth Regulation ◽

Growth Traits ◽

Curcuma Longa ◽

Soluble Sugar ◽

Soluble Sugars ◽

Negative Relationship ◽

Foliar Spray ◽

Biotic And Abiotic Stress ◽

Total Soluble Sugar

Paclobutrazol (PBZ) is a member of plant growth retardants, commonly applied for growth regulation, yield improvement, and biotic and abiotic stress alleviation. However, the effects of PBZ on turmeric (Curcuma longa L.; Zingiberaceae), a rhizomatous herb, have not been well established. The objective of this investigation was to gain a better understanding of the effect of PBZ on two different varieties of turmeric plants, ‘Surat Thani’ (‘URT’; high curcuminoids >5% w/w) and ‘Pichit’ (‘PJT’; low curcuminoids <3% w/w). Pseudostem height of cv. ‘PJT’ treated by 340 µM PBZ was significantly decreased by 14.82% over control, whereas it was unchanged in cv. ‘URT’. Interestingly, leaf greenness (SPAD value), maximum quantum yield of PSII (Fv/Fm) and photon yield of PSII (ΦPSII) in cv. ‘PJT’ treated by 340 µM PBZ were significantly elevated by 1.47, 1.28 and 1.23 folds, over control respectively. Net photosynthetic rate (Pn) in cv. ‘PJT’ declined by 38.58% (340 µM PBZ) over control, as a result of low levels of total soluble sugars (TSS; 127.8 mg g-1 DW) in turmeric rhizome. A positive relation between photosynthetic abilities and aerial fresh weight was demonstrated. In addition, a negative relationship between TSS and total curcuminoids was evidently found (R2 = 0.4524). Curcuminoids yield in turmeric rhizomes significantly dropped, depending on the degree of exogenous foliar PBZ applications. In summary, cv. PJT was found to be very sensitive to PBZ application, whereas rhizome yield and growth traits and high amount of curcuminoids were retained in cv. ‘URT’. Plant growth retention in turmeric cv. ‘URT’ using 170 mM PBZ foliar spray without negative effects on rhizome biomass and total curcuminoids content was demonstrated.

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