Self-Reported Alcohol Consumption; A Real Psychophysical Problem

1982 ◽  
Vol 50 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1027-1033 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert A. M. Gregson ◽  
Barrie G. Stacey
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
The Self ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Practical Reasons ◽  
Frequency Distributions ◽  
Know How ◽  
Report Data ◽  
Self Report Data ◽  
Over Time

There are good practical reasons for wanting to know how much alcohol people consume, at what rate, and in what patterns over time. Various measures of consumption and their associated frequency distributions are described. Self-report data on alcohol consumption present problems of interpretation. A detailed rationale for the use of the self-report method by Gregson and Stacey (1980) is presented. Measurement problems arising with the method, emphasized by Skog (1981), are discussed.

Conceptual Disruption

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 451-464 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara I. McClelland
Keyword(s):  
Survey Research ◽  
Sexual Satisfaction ◽  
Thematic Analysis ◽  
Psychological Research ◽  
The Self ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Research Designs ◽  
Report Data ◽  
Self Report Data ◽  
Cantril’S Ladder

In research using self-report measures, there is little attention paid to how participants interpret concepts; instead, researchers often assume definitions are shared, universal, or easily understood. I discuss the self-anchored ladder, adapted from Cantril’s ladder, which is a procedure that simultaneously collects a participant’s self-reported rating and their interpretation of that rating. Drawing from a study about sexual satisfaction that included a self-anchored ladder, four analyses are presented and discussed in relation to one another: (1) comparisons of sexual satisfaction scores, (2) variations of structures participants applied to the ladder, (3) frequency of terms used to describe sexual satisfaction, and (4) thematic analysis of “best” and “worst” sexual satisfaction. These analytic strategies offer researchers a model for how to incorporate self-anchored ladder items into research designs as a means to draw out layers of meaning in quantitative, qualitative, and mixed methods data. I argue that the ladder invites the potential for conceptual disruption by prioritizing skepticism in survey research and bringing greater attention to how social locations, histories, economic structures, and other factors shape self-report data. I also address issues related to the multiple epistemological positions that the ladder demands. Finally, I argue for the centrality of epistemological self-reflexivity in critical feminist psychological research. Additional online materials for this article are available on PWQ’s website at http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/suppl/10.1177/0361684317725985

Within-Person Associations Between Attachment Security, Need Satisfaction and Psychological Adjustment in Daily Life of Older Adults

2019 ◽  
Vol 76 (1) ◽  
pp. 56-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annika A Martin ◽  
Andrea B Horn ◽  
Mathias Allemand
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Psychological Adjustment ◽  
Attachment Security ◽  
Daily Life ◽  
Need Satisfaction ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Multilevel Analyses ◽  
Report Data ◽  
Self Report Data ◽  
Over Time

Abstract Objectives Little is known about how attachment processes manifest within older adults in daily life and how these processes are associated with daily psychological adjustment. This study examined the within-person associations between states of attachment security and psychological adjustment. It is expected that this association is mediated by higher levels of satisfied needs in daily life. Methods Microlongitudinal self-report data were collected in a sample of 136 older adults ranged in age from 60 to 90 years (ageM = 70.45 years) across 10 days with daily morning and afternoon measurement occasions. Results Three main findings from multilevel analyses emerged. First, older adults showed significant within-person variation in attachment security, satisfaction of the needs for autonomy and competence, and psychological adjustment over time. Second, attachment security was positively associated with psychological adjustment within individuals. Third, both satisfaction of the needs for autonomy and competence mediated the within-person association between attachment security and psychological adjustment. Discussion The results suggest that attachment security is associated with the experience of autonomy and competence in daily life of older adults which in turn is related with better psychological adjustment.

Reassessing the Need for Urinalysis as a Validation Technique

2000 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 323-334 ◽  
Author(s):  
George S. Yacoubian
Keyword(s):  
Drug Abuse ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Past Research ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Strong Correlations ◽  
Heroin Use ◽  
Report Data ◽  
Validation Technique ◽  
Self Report Data ◽  
Over Time

Urinalysis is utilized routinely as a tool to validate self-reported drug use. Past research has been inconclusive, however, in confirming strong correlations between urinalysis and self-reported drug use. In the current study, correlation estimates for cocaine and heroin use are derived from adult arrestees surveyed through the Arrestee Drug Abuse Monitoring (ADAM) Program between 1990 and 1997. While the strength of agreement between urinalysis and self-report data varies by both substance and jurisdiction, correlation estimates are consistent over time. These findings suggest that the need for urinalysis should be reassessed.

scholarly journals Changes in Gambling Behavior during the COVID-19 Pandemic—A Web Survey Study in Sweden

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (11) ◽  
pp. 4013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anders Håkansson
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Gambling Behavior ◽  
Sports Betting ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Survey Study ◽  
Web Survey ◽  
Gambling Problems ◽  
Preventive Action ◽  
Report Data ◽  
Self Report Data

The COVID-19 pandemic has dramatically changed everyday life, and policy makers have raised concerns about possible changes in gambling patterns during the pandemic. This study aimed to examine whether self-reported gambling has increased during the pandemic, and to examine potential correlates of such a change. This general population survey study in Sweden collected self-report data from 2016 web survey members (51 percent men, nine percent moderate-risk/problem gamblers). Correlates of increased gambling and increased gambling specifically due to COVID-19-related cancellation of sports were calculated. Four percent reported an overall gambling increase during the pandemic. The proportion of individuals reporting an increase, compared to individuals reporting a decrease, was markedly higher for online casinos (0.62), online horse betting (0.76) and online lotteries (0.73), and lower for sports betting (0.11). Overall, gambling increases were independently associated with gambling problems and increased alcohol consumption. In the sub-group, where there was an increase in specific gambling types in response to cancelled sports betting events, rates of gambling problems were high. In conclusion, only a minority report increased gambling in response to the pandemic, but this group has markedly higher gambling problems and changes in alcohol consumption, and may represent a sub-group with a particularly high vulnerability. This calls for preventive action in people with higher gambling risks in response to the pandemic.

scholarly journals History of childhood abuse is associated with less positive treatment outcomes in socially stable women with alcohol use disorder

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fides Schückher ◽  
Tabita Sellin ◽  
Ingemar Engström ◽  
Kristina Berglund
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Childhood Abuse ◽  
Alcohol Use Disorder ◽  
Self Report ◽  
History Of Childhood ◽  
End Of Treatment ◽  
History Of ◽  
Report Data ◽  
Self Report Data

Abstract Background To examine the relationship between treatment outcome, as measured according to change in alcohol consumption, and a history of childhood abuse (emotional, physical, sexual) in socially stable women undergoing treatment for alcohol use disorder (AUD). Methods Participants were assessed using the Addiction Severity Index and the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview at the beginning of treatment (n = 75), end of treatment (n = 59) and 12 month follow-up after treatment (n = 57). Self-report data on alcohol consumption were obtained at all three time-points using the Alcohol Habits Inventory-Revised 2. Self-report data on childhood maltreatment were obtained at the beginning of treatment using the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire-short form. Study outcomes were changes in alcohol consumption (grams of pure alcohol per week), risk-drinking and reported abstinence. Results Of the 75 women enrolled, 38 (50.7%) reported a history of childhood abuse and the rest did not. Both groups showed a significant improvement in all three outcomes at the end of treatment and at 12-month follow-up. At the end of treatment, a significant inter-group difference was found for reported abstinence (non-abused group, 39.3% vs abused, 12.9%; p < 0.05). At 12-month follow-up, significant inter-group differences were observed for all treatment outcomes, with superior outcomes being found for the non-abused group, including a higher proportion of women with reported abstinence (55.6% vs 13.3%; p < 0.01). Conclusion The present findings suggest that an evaluation of a possible history of childhood abuse is warranted in all women seeking treatment for AUD, irrespective of social stability. In terms of clinical practice, the results suggest that additional interventions may be warranted in this population.

Interview versus Self-Answer Methods of Assessing Health and Emotional Functioning in Primary Care Patients

2003 ◽  
Vol 92 (3) ◽  
pp. 937-948
Author(s):  
Nancy Amodei ◽  
David A. Katerndahl ◽  
Anne C. Larme ◽  
Raymond Palmer
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Emotional Functioning ◽  
The Self ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Screening Criteria ◽  
Practical Standpoint ◽  
Primary Care Patients ◽  
Report Data ◽  
Self Report Data

The present study examined differences in health and emotional functioning when two different methods of gathering self-report data were used. Of 80 primary care patients who did not meet screening criteria for a psychiatric diagnosis, 44 were randomly assigned to have an interviewer read assessment items and record the participants' responses, and 36 were randomly assigned to have an interviewer read the items and have participants record their own responses directly on the test forms. There were negligible significant differences between the groups in reported symptomatology. From a practical standpoint, this suggests that the self-answer method is a more economical and efficient method of data collection since the data from more than one participant can be gathered at the same time. The findings also suggest that the measures in this study which were originally intended to be completed in a paper-and-pencil format can be used in a more traditional interviewer-administered format.

scholarly journals Coping Following Traumatic Brain Injury:The Need for Contextually Sensitive Assessment

2001 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 81-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Kendall ◽  
David Shum ◽  
Brenda Lack ◽  
Susan Bull ◽  
Cameron Fee
Keyword(s):  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Psychosocial Adjustment ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Adjustment Problems ◽  
Major Barrier ◽  
Report Data ◽  
Self Report Data ◽  
Test Current ◽  
Over Time

AbstractPsychosocial adjustment problems following traumatic brain injury (TBI) frequently present a major barrier for rehabilitation. The ability to cope has been linked with psychological well-being following stressful and traumatic events, but has been poorly examined in the area of TBI. In terms of conceptualisation, most coping research has adopted the Lazarus and Folkman (1984) dichotomy of coping, namely problem-focused and emotion-focused. Despite the popularity of this theory, recent conceptualisations of coping have suggested that other dimensions are equally important and require investigation in the TBI area. However, measurement of coping continues to provide a major barrier for research in this area, particularly given the potential difficulties associated with self-report data in people with TBI. The current study used a contextually sensitive assessment technique to test current conceptualisations of coping in the TBI population. Specifically, the study examined coping strategies and styles in response to four stressful video-based scenarios. Rather than using a self-report questionnaire to assess predetermined coping strategies, participants spontaneously provided their own coping strategies, which were then coded into distinct coping strategies. The strategies were categorised into four groups according to their focus (emotion or problem) and approach (active or passive). Both the number and type of coping strategies differed across situations, providing support for the use of a contextually sensitive measurement technique. Further, the theoretically expected pattern of relationships was found between coping types and outcomes. However, these relationships differed across situations and over time, confirming suggestions that coping efficacy may differ depending on the demands of the situation and that chronic situations such as TBI may have an impact on coping style over time.

Psychometric Properties of the HEXACO-100

Assessment ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 25 (5) ◽  
pp. 543-556 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kibeom Lee ◽  
Michael C. Ashton
Keyword(s):  
Psychometric Properties ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
English Language ◽  
The Self ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Self Reports ◽  
The Hierarchical Structure ◽  
Report Data ◽  
Absolute Correlation ◽  
Self Report Data

Psychometric properties of the 100-item English-language HEXACO Personality Inventory–Revised (HEXACO-PI-R) were examined using samples of online respondents ( N = 100,318 self-reports) and of undergraduate students ( N = 2,868 self- and observer reports). The results were as follows: First, the hierarchical structure of the HEXACO-100 was clearly supported in two principal components analyses: each of the six factors was defined by its constituent facets and each of the 25 facets was defined by its constituent items. Second, the HEXACO-100 factor scales showed fairly low intercorrelations, with only one pair of scales (Honesty–Humility and Agreeableness) having an absolute correlation above .20 in self-report data. Third, the factor and facet scales showed strong self/observer convergent correlations, which far exceeded the self/observer discriminant correlations.

Acquisition of Self-Control of a Novel Muscular Activity with EMG and Video Feedback

1989 ◽  
Vol 69 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seiji Koga
Keyword(s):  
Muscular Activity ◽  
The Self ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Feedback Signal ◽  
Control Stage ◽  
Initial Stage ◽  
Report Data ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Self Report Data

To examine the acquisition of voluntary control of a novel muscular activity from the initial stage to the self-control stage, the m. auricularis posterior, which had generally degenerated and had nearly lost its function of drawing an auricle backward in the human body, was selected as a target muscle to be studied. One female undergraduate student who could not move her auricles intentionally was required to activate her left m. auricularis posterior and underwent rest, pretest, training, and posttest sessions once a day for five days. At the subject's request, the electromyograph (EMG) from her left m. auricularis posterior on an oscillograph was provided for her as the feedback signal on each training trial. The picture of her left ear on television was handled in the same way. The EMG measures indicated that the subject could learn to activate her left m. auricularis posterior differentially. The number of training trials on which the subject requested the feedback signals suggested that EMG feedback signal was more useful to her than the video and that the usefulness of the feedback signals varied as the training sessions advanced. It was also concluded from analysis of the self-report data that the acquisition process of self-control of a novel muscular activity could be divided into at least four stages.

Integrating a Performance-Based Observation Measure of Functional Status into a Population-Based Longitudinal Study of Aging

2003 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 185-195 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcia Finlayson ◽  
Betty Havens ◽  
Margo B. Holm ◽  
Toni Van Denend
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Functional Status ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Performance Measure ◽  
The Self ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
The Past ◽  
Report Data ◽  
Self Report Data

ABSTRACTOver the past 15 to 20 years there has been discussion and debate in the gerontological literature about the relative merits of self-report versus performance-based observational (PBO) measures of functional status. In 2001 the Aging in Manitoba Longitudinal Study had the opportunity to add a PBO measure of functional status and use it together with two self-report measures on a sub-sample of 138 participants. The PBO measure that was used was the Performance Assessment of Self-Care Skills, Version 3.1 (Home). Using ranks of the proportion of participants who were independent in nine different tasks, no significant correlations were found between the performance measure scores and either of the self-report measures. This finding suggests that using self-report data rather than performance data could lead program developers and policy makers to different conclusions about the extent of need for assistance among older adults.

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