scholarly journals Coping Following Traumatic Brain Injury:The Need for Contextually Sensitive Assessment

2001 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 81-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Kendall ◽  
David Shum ◽  
Brenda Lack ◽  
Susan Bull ◽  
Cameron Fee
Keyword(s):  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Psychosocial Adjustment ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Adjustment Problems ◽  
Major Barrier ◽  
Report Data ◽  
Self Report Data ◽  
Test Current ◽  
Over Time

AbstractPsychosocial adjustment problems following traumatic brain injury (TBI) frequently present a major barrier for rehabilitation. The ability to cope has been linked with psychological well-being following stressful and traumatic events, but has been poorly examined in the area of TBI. In terms of conceptualisation, most coping research has adopted the Lazarus and Folkman (1984) dichotomy of coping, namely problem-focused and emotion-focused. Despite the popularity of this theory, recent conceptualisations of coping have suggested that other dimensions are equally important and require investigation in the TBI area. However, measurement of coping continues to provide a major barrier for research in this area, particularly given the potential difficulties associated with self-report data in people with TBI. The current study used a contextually sensitive assessment technique to test current conceptualisations of coping in the TBI population. Specifically, the study examined coping strategies and styles in response to four stressful video-based scenarios. Rather than using a self-report questionnaire to assess predetermined coping strategies, participants spontaneously provided their own coping strategies, which were then coded into distinct coping strategies. The strategies were categorised into four groups according to their focus (emotion or problem) and approach (active or passive). Both the number and type of coping strategies differed across situations, providing support for the use of a contextually sensitive measurement technique. Further, the theoretically expected pattern of relationships was found between coping types and outcomes. However, these relationships differed across situations and over time, confirming suggestions that coping efficacy may differ depending on the demands of the situation and that chronic situations such as TBI may have an impact on coping style over time.

Young person’s well-being: Exploring material, subjective and relational factors

2019 ◽  
Vol 44 (01) ◽  
pp. 13-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margot Rawsthorne ◽  
Grace Kinsela ◽  
Karen Paxton ◽  
Georgina Luscombe
Keyword(s):  
New South ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Research Attention ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Relational Factors ◽  
Report Data ◽  
Self Report Data ◽  
Definition Of

AbstractYoung people’s well-being has attracted significant policy and research attention in Australia and internationally for at least three decades. Despite this, there is no consensus about what it means, how it can be measured or, most importantly, what supports young people’s well-being. This paper adopts a definition of well-being as a multidimensional process, comprising subjective, material and relational factors. Drawing on self-report data collected at two time points from young people (aged 9–14 years) living in rural and regional New South Wales (N= 342 at baseline andN= 217 Wave 2), this paper seeks to identify the salience of these factors to well-being, measured through Perceived Self-Efficacy. Our analysis suggests that a sense of belonging, safety and the presence of supportive adults all appear to support enhanced well-being. The paper concludes with recommendations for policy makers and communities wishing to better support the development of young people’s well-being.

Within-Person Associations Between Attachment Security, Need Satisfaction and Psychological Adjustment in Daily Life of Older Adults

2019 ◽  
Vol 76 (1) ◽  
pp. 56-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annika A Martin ◽  
Andrea B Horn ◽  
Mathias Allemand
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Psychological Adjustment ◽  
Attachment Security ◽  
Daily Life ◽  
Need Satisfaction ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Multilevel Analyses ◽  
Report Data ◽  
Self Report Data ◽  
Over Time

Abstract Objectives Little is known about how attachment processes manifest within older adults in daily life and how these processes are associated with daily psychological adjustment. This study examined the within-person associations between states of attachment security and psychological adjustment. It is expected that this association is mediated by higher levels of satisfied needs in daily life. Methods Microlongitudinal self-report data were collected in a sample of 136 older adults ranged in age from 60 to 90 years (ageM = 70.45 years) across 10 days with daily morning and afternoon measurement occasions. Results Three main findings from multilevel analyses emerged. First, older adults showed significant within-person variation in attachment security, satisfaction of the needs for autonomy and competence, and psychological adjustment over time. Second, attachment security was positively associated with psychological adjustment within individuals. Third, both satisfaction of the needs for autonomy and competence mediated the within-person association between attachment security and psychological adjustment. Discussion The results suggest that attachment security is associated with the experience of autonomy and competence in daily life of older adults which in turn is related with better psychological adjustment.

Reassessing the Need for Urinalysis as a Validation Technique

2000 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 323-334 ◽  
Author(s):  
George S. Yacoubian
Keyword(s):  
Drug Abuse ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Past Research ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Strong Correlations ◽  
Heroin Use ◽  
Report Data ◽  
Validation Technique ◽  
Self Report Data ◽  
Over Time

Urinalysis is utilized routinely as a tool to validate self-reported drug use. Past research has been inconclusive, however, in confirming strong correlations between urinalysis and self-reported drug use. In the current study, correlation estimates for cocaine and heroin use are derived from adult arrestees surveyed through the Arrestee Drug Abuse Monitoring (ADAM) Program between 1990 and 1997. While the strength of agreement between urinalysis and self-report data varies by both substance and jurisdiction, correlation estimates are consistent over time. These findings suggest that the need for urinalysis should be reassessed.

Self-Reported Alcohol Consumption; A Real Psychophysical Problem

1982 ◽  
Vol 50 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1027-1033 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert A. M. Gregson ◽  
Barrie G. Stacey
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
The Self ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Practical Reasons ◽  
Frequency Distributions ◽  
Know How ◽  
Report Data ◽  
Self Report Data ◽  
Over Time

There are good practical reasons for wanting to know how much alcohol people consume, at what rate, and in what patterns over time. Various measures of consumption and their associated frequency distributions are described. Self-report data on alcohol consumption present problems of interpretation. A detailed rationale for the use of the self-report method by Gregson and Stacey (1980) is presented. Measurement problems arising with the method, emphasized by Skog (1981), are discussed.

scholarly journals Instagram Use and the Well-Being of Adolescents: Using Deep Learning to Link Social Scientific Self-reports with Instagram Data Download Packages

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Boeschoten ◽  
Irene Ingeborg van Driel ◽  
Daniel L. Oberski ◽  
J. Loes Pouwels
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Deep Learning ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Interdisciplinary Project ◽  
Self Reports ◽  
Social Media Platforms ◽  
Report Data ◽  
Social Scientific ◽  
Self Report Data

Since the introduction of social media platforms, researchers have investigated how the use of such media affects adolescents’ well-being. Thus far, findings have been inconsistent. The aim of our interdisciplinary project is to provide a more thorough understanding of these inconsistencies by investigating who benefits from social media use, who does not and why it is beneficial for one yet harmful for another. In this presentation, we explain our approach to combining social scientific self-report data with the use of deep learning to analyze personal Instagram archives.

scholarly journals Predicting Self-Reported Illness for Professional Team-Sport Athletes

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 543-550 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heidi R. Thornton ◽  
Jace A. Delaney ◽  
Grant M. Duthie ◽  
Brendan R. Scott ◽  
William J. Chivers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Perceived Exertion ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Team Sport ◽  
Rugby League ◽  
Rating Of Perceived Exertion ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Report Data ◽  
Self Report Data

Purpose:To identify contributing factors to the incidence of illness for professional team-sport athletes, using training load (TL), self-reported illness, and well-being data.Methods:Thirty-two professional rugby league players (26.0 ± 4.8 y, 99.1 ± 9.6 kg, 1.84 ± 0.06 m) were recruited from the same club. Players participated in prescribed training and responded to a series of questionnaires to determine the presence of self-reported illness and markers of well-being. Internal TL was determined using the session rating of perceived exertion. These data were collected over 29 wk, across the preparatory and competition macrocycles.Results:The predictive models developed recognized increases in internal TL (strain values of >2282 AU, weekly TL >2786 AU, and monotony >0.78 AU) to best predict when athletes are at increased risk of self-reported illness. In addition, a reduction in overall well-being (<7.25 AU) in the presence of increased internal TL, as previously stated, was highlighted as a contributor to self-reported-illness occurrence.Conclusions:These results indicate that self-report data can be successfully used to provide a novel understanding of the interactions between competition-associated stressors experienced by professional team-sport athletes and their susceptibility to illness. This may help coaching staff more effectively monitor players during the season and potentially implement preventive measures to reduce the likelihood of illnesses occurring.

scholarly journals Career salience and work outcomes: A comparison of managerial and clerical employees

1997 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
G. J. Lock ◽  
K. Ortlepp
Keyword(s):  
Job Satisfaction ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Work Outcomes ◽  
Hierarchical Level ◽  
Organisational Commitment ◽  
Psychological Well Being ◽  
Report Data ◽  
Self Report Data ◽  
Career Salience

The present research aimed to assess the relationships between career salience and job satisfaction, organisational commitment, and psychological well-being. In addition, the variations within these relationships between management and clerical employees were explored. Self report data was collected from 86 accounting employees at the headoffice of a large retail company in Johannesburg. Pearson product-moment correlations, t-tests and z-transformations were computed. The results indicated that there is a significant positive relationship between career salience and both job satisfaction and organisational commitment. These results were found to differ according to hierarchical level. The variable psychological well-being only yielded significant associations with career salience for the managerial group. Opsomming Die navorsing neem die verband tussen loopbaanmarkantheid en werksbevrediging, toewyding aan die organisasie, en psigologiese welstand in oënskou. Verskille in hierdie verhoudings tussen bestuur en klerklike personeel word vervolgens ondersoek. Selfrapporteringsdata is ingesamel van 86 boekhouers by die hoofkantoor van 'n vooraanstaande kleinhandelaar in Johannesburg. Pearson produk-moment korrelasies, t-toetse en z-transformasies is bereken. Die resultate het aangedui dat daar 'n beduidende positiewe verband is tussen loopbaanmarkantheid, aan die een kant, en sowel werksbevrediging as toewyding aan die organisasie aan die ander kant. Daar is verder gevind dat resultaat bemvloed word deur die hierargiese vlak waarop mense werk. Psigologiese welstand het byvoorbeeld net in die geval van bestuurders 'n beduidende korrelasie met loopbaanmarkantheid getoon.

Correlates of psychological well-being at midlife: The role of generativity, agency and communion, and narrative themes

2002 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 120-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miriam F. Grossbaum ◽  
Glen W. Bates
Keyword(s):  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Personal Growth ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Hierarchical Regression ◽  
Multiple Regressions ◽  
Agency And Communion ◽  
Report Data ◽  
Self Report Data ◽  
Midlife Adults

This study examined the correlates of well-being at midlife in 49 midlife adults. Self-report measures of generativity, agency and communion, along with relevant themes taken from narratives were considered as predictors of Ryff’s multidimensional model of well-being and of life satisfaction. Multiple regressions identified generative concern as a predictor of the six well-being dimensions and of life satisfaction. A separate series of multiple regressions identified narrative themes of contamination, redemption, and affect tone as predictors of four of the well-being dimensions and of life satisfaction. Hierarchical regression analyses controlling for self-report measures showed contamination to be a significant predictor of environmental mastery, personal growth, and life satisfaction. Affect tone was a predictor of self-acceptance and life satisfaction. This pattern of results was not influenced by the inclusion of demographic factors. Overall, the findings indicate the utility of combining narrative data with self-report data in investigating well-being at midlife.

scholarly journals Bicycling to School During the Transition From Childhood Into Adolescence: A Six-Year Longitudinal Study

2012 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 369-383 ◽  
Author(s):  
Greet M. Cardon ◽  
Lea R.D. Maes ◽  
Leen L. Haerens ◽  
Ilse M.M. De Bourdeaudhuij
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Average Duration ◽  
Self Report ◽  
School Level ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Multilevel Regression ◽  
Time Points ◽  
Report Data ◽  
Self Report Data ◽  
Over Time

Little is known about bicycling to school as children age. At baseline (2002) self-report data from 1070 children were gathered (51.9% boys; mean age: 10 years). The measurements were repeated in 2003 (n = 1039), 2004 (n = 907), 2005 (n = 549) and 2008 (n = 515). The rates of children bicycling to school significantly varied across time points from 46% at the age of ten, 69% at the age of 11, 83% at the age of 12, 70% at the age of 13 toward 78% at the age of 16. Starting from the age of 11, the average duration of time spent bicycling to school significantly increased over time. According to multilevel regression analyses 13.6% of the variance in rates of bicycling to school was situated at the school level, 39.6% at the pupil level and 46.7% at the measurement level. The differences in rates and durations across time points were independent from gender, BMI, SES and having siblings. Pupils engaging in bicycling to school at younger ages had a higher change of engaging in bicycling to school at 16 years old (ORs: 2.69–7.61; ICC bicycling rates: 0.46, ICC bicycling durations: 0.82). This finding emphasizes the need for promoting bicycling to school at young age.

scholarly journals Examining changes in medical students’ emotion regulation in an online PBL session

2019 ◽  
pp. 129-157
Keyword(s):  
Emotion Regulation ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Learning Session ◽  
Holistic View ◽  
Report Data ◽  
Self Report Data ◽  
Adaptive Responding ◽  
Detection Mechanisms

Given recent attention to emotion regulation (ER) as an important factor in personal well-being and effective social communication, there is a need for detection mechanisms that accurately capture ER and facilitate adaptive responding (Calvo & D’Mello, 2010). Current approaches to determining ER are mainly limited to self-report data such as questionnaires, inventories and interviews (e.g., Davis, Griffith, Thiel, & Connelly, 2015). Although beneficial, these self-report approaches have important shortcomings such as social desirability biases, recall issues, and inability to capture unconscious ER (Scherer, 2005). The research presented here explores this gap by examining the use of multimodal observational data as well as self-report data to more accurately capture ER. Specifically, this study develops and employs a multimodal analysis of emotion data channels (facial, vocal and postural emotion data channels) to provide a rich analysis of ER in an international case study of four medical students interacting in an emotionally challenging learning session (i.e., communicating bad news to patients) in a technology-rich learning environment. The findings reported in the paper can provide insights for educators in designing programs to enhance and evaluate ER strategies of students in order to regulate personal emotions as well as the emotional needs of others in stressful situations. This work also makes important contributions to the design of technology-rich environments to embed dynamic ER detection mechanisms that enable systems to gain a more holistic view of the participants, and to adapt instructions based on their affective needs.

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