scholarly journals The Alternative Net Model with the Fuzzy Decision Node for the Construction Projects Planning

2018 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
pp. 3-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Ibadov
Keyword(s):  
Construction Projects ◽  
Project Planning ◽  
Alternative Methods ◽  
Fuzzy Decision ◽  
Work Activity ◽  
Decision Node ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
Fuzzy Preference Relations ◽  
Fuzzy Decision Model ◽  
The Cost

AbstractThe new approach to the construction project planning is presented in the article. The classical net model is enriched by the fuzzy decision node. The decision node allows for alternate choices dependent on appearing circumstances. The alternative net model with fuzzy decision node is an acyclic multi-graph, where some, chosen nodes (events) have multiple connections. These connections represent alternative methods of the certain work execution. Every work (activity) (i, j) in the net model with alternative methods of work execution, despite the basic information comprising the execution time, the cost, the number of necessary workers, should comprise additional information e.g. about a complexity of works, a real feasibility. The alternative ways of a given work execution are evaluated in the decision node based on the fuzzy decision model. Each method is evaluated by assigning it the preference level in a form of the value of the membership function - „equal or higher” μ≥ . The most preferable way of the work execution in a given circumstances, will have the highest value of preference level. When the choice is done the net model is solved in the traditional way. Therefore, the paper concentrates on the process of choosing the method of work execution in the fuzzy decision node. The example calculations accompanying the process of decision taking are presented too. The model requires the use of linguistic variables, a fuzzy numbers, as well as fuzzy preference relations together with some calculations applied the probability theory.

scholarly journals Analyzing Cost and Schedule Growths of Road Construction Projects, Considering Project Characteristics

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (24) ◽  
pp. 13694
Author(s):  
Kang-Wook Lee ◽  
Kyong-Hoon Kim
Keyword(s):  
Construction Projects ◽  
National Level ◽  
Road Construction ◽  
Project Performance ◽  
Project Planning ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Socioeconomic Impacts ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Project Characteristics ◽  
The Cost

The development of road infrastructure is closely related to national competitiveness and presents significant socioeconomic impacts. However, road construction involves a large budget and is vulnerable to political, economic, social, and project-specific risks, which often result in cost overruns and schedule delays. Assessing the gap between the final performance and the planned performance, and providing feedback to similar projects in the future is essential for successful project planning and management. The aim of this study is to empirically analyze the cost and schedule growth of road construction projects, considering project characteristics. Using the national-level project performance data, the primary goal is to answer, “Do project characteristics influence the road project performance? If so, how different is the performance because of the project characteristics?” To this end, this study analyzes the cost and schedule growth of 423 road construction projects, considering five project characteristics: facility type, construction type, bid type, contract type, and project size. Non-parametric tests (the Mann–Whitney U test and the Kruskal–Wallis test) are used to analyze the differences between sample groups. The results demonstrate (1) better management of the performance of the highway when compared to the national and provincial roads; (2) higher schedule growth of the expansion and renovation than that of the new construction; (3) lower cost growth of the design-build method (turnkey and alternative) than the design-bid-build methods (qualification examination and lowest price); and (4) relatively larger cost and schedule growth for projects over $50 million than those of smaller projects. These results present empirical references from the Korean construction industry that can help construction-related entities (clients, design consultants, and contractors) to estimate and manage the cost and schedule buffers of future projects by considering different project characteristics. Discussions and suggestions connected with the findings are also provided. Future research will continue to shed light on the critical factors affecting the cost and schedule growth.

scholarly journals Conceptual framework of resource-based cost allocation at procurement phase for onshore fabrication oil and gas projects

2021 ◽  
Vol 881 (1) ◽  
pp. 012021
Author(s):  
F R Mohd Roshdi ◽  
K Ismail ◽  
N S Lop ◽  
L Ab Wahab
Keyword(s):  
Resource Allocation ◽  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Construction Projects ◽  
Cost Allocation ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Project Planning ◽  
Cost Overruns ◽  
Literature Reviews ◽  
Business Profit ◽  
The Cost

Abstract Cost overruns are common in construction projects and Onshore Fabrication Oil and Gas projects in Malaysia are not an exception. The paper presents the strategies in controlling the cost in resource allocation management implemented at Procurement Phase. The data gathered from previous researchers’ studies and literature reviews. The study revealed the primary relative importance in the conceptual framework; theory underpinned, procurement phase, activities identification, cost element attributes and resource-based cost allocation towards business profit. Hence, the procurement phase should establish effective project planning, management, and monitoring to improve project performance to control costs in resource allocation for onshore oil and gas fabrication projects.

On Some Properties of Semi-rings

2018 ◽  
pp. 35-50
Author(s):  
A. I. Belousov
Keyword(s):  
Linear Equations ◽  
Oriented Graph ◽  
Theoretical Computer Science ◽  
Alternative Methods ◽  
Main Role ◽  
Cost Matrix ◽  
Sequential Elimination ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Systems Of Linear Equations ◽  
The Cost

The main objective of this paper is to prove a theorem according to which a method of successive elimination of unknowns in the solution of systems of linear equations in the semi-rings with iteration gives the really smallest solution of the system. The proof is based on the graph interpretation of the system and establishes a relationship between the method of sequential elimination of unknowns and the method for calculating a cost matrix of a labeled oriented graph using the method of sequential calculation of cost matrices following the paths of increasing ranks. Along with that, and in terms of preparing for the proof of the main theorem, we consider the following important properties of the closed semi-rings and semi-rings with iteration.We prove the properties of an infinite sum (a supremum of the sequence in natural ordering of an idempotent semi-ring). In particular, the proof of the continuity of the addition operation is much simpler than in the known issues, which is the basis for the well-known algorithm for solving a linear equation in a semi-ring with iteration.Next, we prove a theorem on the closeness of semi-rings with iteration with respect to solutions of the systems of linear equations. We also give a detailed proof of the theorem of the cost matrix of an oriented graph labeled above a semi-ring as an iteration of the matrix of arc labels.The concept of an automaton over a semi-ring is introduced, which, unlike the usual labeled oriented graph, has a distinguished "final" vertex with a zero out-degree.All of the foregoing provides a basis for the proof of the main theorem, in which the concept of an automaton over a semi-ring plays the main role.The article's results are scientifically and methodologically valuable. The proposed proof of the main theorem allows us to relate two alternative methods for calculating the cost matrix of a labeled oriented graph, and the proposed proofs of already known statements can be useful in presenting the elements of the theory of semi-rings that plays an important role in mathematical studies of students majoring in software technologies and theoretical computer science.

Statistical Evaluation for claims and disputes in construction contracts

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 80-96
Author(s):  
Raid Saleem Abd Ali ◽  
Nooran kanaan Yassin
Keyword(s):  
Construction Projects ◽  
Statistical Evaluation ◽  
Relative Importance ◽  
Minimum Level ◽  
Construction Contracts ◽  
Long Period ◽  
Price Schedule ◽  
Questionnaire Form ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Cost

This research aims to diagnose and identify the causes of claims and disputes between the contractor and the employer, also review the methods used to resolve disputes in construction contracts. In order to achieve the goal of the research, scientific methodology is followed to collect information and data on the subject of claims and disputes in construction projects in Iraq through personal interviews and questionnaire form. The most important results in this research are: the price schedule contract as a kind of competitive contracts is the most important and guarantee for the completion of minimum level of claims and disputes with relative importance of (84.1), compared with the (cost plus a percentage of the cost contract) as a kind of negotiating contracts is the most relative importance of (79.6), and the turnkey contract as a kind of special contracts is the most relative importance of (74.2). The  contractor and  his agents are one of the most influence sources in occurring claims and disputes in construction contracts with relative importance of (77.4) followed by the contract documents with relative importance of (74.2) and then the employer with relative importance of (73.2). In addition to the long period of litigation and the multiplicity of veto grades are most negative when contractual disputes have resolved by it, and with relative importance of (86), followed by the large number of issues and lack of efficiency and specialty of Judges with relative importance (78.4). Finally, the direct negotiation method (relative importance of 77) is one of the most friendly settlement ways favored by conflicted parties, while the resolution of disputes and claims board (relative importance of 10) occupied the last rank in the friendly settlement ways.

scholarly journals ALPINE: Active Link Prediction Using Network Embedding

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 5043
Author(s):  
Xi Chen ◽  
Bo Kang ◽  
Jefrey Lijffijt ◽  
Tijl De Bie
Keyword(s):  
Active Learning ◽  
Protein Interactions ◽  
Link Prediction ◽  
Prediction Accuracy ◽  
Real Data ◽  
Network Embedding ◽  
Protein Protein Interactions ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Active Link

Many real-world problems can be formalized as predicting links in a partially observed network. Examples include Facebook friendship suggestions, the prediction of protein–protein interactions, and the identification of hidden relationships in a crime network. Several link prediction algorithms, notably those recently introduced using network embedding, are capable of doing this by just relying on the observed part of the network. Often, whether two nodes are linked can be queried, albeit at a substantial cost (e.g., by questionnaires, wet lab experiments, or undercover work). Such additional information can improve the link prediction accuracy, but owing to the cost, the queries must be made with due consideration. Thus, we argue that an active learning approach is of great potential interest and developed ALPINE (Active Link Prediction usIng Network Embedding), a framework that identifies the most useful link status by estimating the improvement in link prediction accuracy to be gained by querying it. We proposed several query strategies for use in combination with ALPINE, inspired by the optimal experimental design and active learning literature. Experimental results on real data not only showed that ALPINE was scalable and boosted link prediction accuracy with far fewer queries, but also shed light on the relative merits of the strategies, providing actionable guidance for practitioners.

scholarly journals Application Of The Work Breakdown Structure In Determining Cost Buffers In Construction Schedules

2015 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 147-161 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Połoński
Keyword(s):  
Construction Projects ◽  
Work Breakdown Structure ◽  
Initial Task ◽  
The Common ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Construction Schedules

AbstractThe paper presents methods of determining the location of cost buffers and corresponding contingency costs in the CPM schedule based on its work breakdown structure. Application of correctly located cost buffers with appropriately established reserve costs is justified by the common overrunning of scheduled costs in construction projects. Interpolated cost buffers (CB) as separate tasks have been combined with relevant summary tasks by the start–to–start (SS) relationship, whereas the time of their execution has been dynamically connected with the time of accomplishment of particular summary tasks using the “paste connection” option. Besides cost buffers linked with the group of tasks assigned to summary tasks, a definition of the cost buffer for the entire project (PCB) has been proposed, i.e. as one initial task of the entire project. Contingency costs corresponding to these buffers, depending on the data that the planner has at his disposal, can be determined using different methods, but always depend on the costs of all tasks protected by each buffer. The paper presents an exemplary schedule for a facility and the method of determining locations and cost for buffers CB and PCB, as well as their influence on the course of the curve illustrating the budgeted cost of work scheduled (BCWS). The proposed solution has been adjusted and presented with consideration of the possibilities created by the scheduling software MS Project, though its general assumptions may be implemented with application of other similar specialist tools.

Research on Project Cost Management Model of Ecological Construction

2011 ◽  
Vol 480-481 ◽  
pp. 1197-1200
Author(s):  
Feng Liu ◽  
Jun Min Wang
Keyword(s):  
Project Management ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Construction Projects ◽  
Cost Management ◽  
Building Energy ◽  
Management Model ◽  
Building Energy Consumption ◽  
Specific Cost ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Ecological Construction

In recent years, in order to reduce building energy consumption in China, and vigorously promote the development of ecological construction, the paper studies disadvantages of the cost of traditional project management applications in the ecological construction projects, exploring specific cost management adapt to the ecological construction project.

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