scholarly journals The replication method to analyze roughness of shaft, tool, and grinding wheel microgeometry

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
pp. 129-133
Author(s):  
Paulina Szawara ◽  
Robert Ostrowski
Keyword(s):  
Grinding Wheel ◽  
Roughness Parameters ◽  
Surface Geometry ◽  
Replication Method

AbstractThis article presents the possibility of using the replication method to measure selected parameters of the surface geometry. The results of the tests obtained while measuring the replica and surface of the tested object are presented. The obtained results indicate the suitability of using RepliSet F5 to measure the roughness parameters (Ra and Rz), microgeometry tool, and grinding wheel. It has been proven that the replication method using the RepliSet F5 is suitable for chosen parameters of roughness and tool microgeometry measurements. However, it is not suitable for measuring the porosity of a grinding wheel.

scholarly journals Properties of the Surface Layer After Trochoidal Milling and Brushing: Experimental Study and Artificial Neural Network Simulation

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 75
Author(s):  
Monika Kulisz ◽  
Ireneusz Zagórski ◽  
Jakub Matuszak ◽  
Mariusz Kłonica
Keyword(s):  
Neural Networks ◽  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Artificial Neural Networks ◽  
Cutting Speed ◽  
Mg Alloy ◽  
Polar Component ◽  
Maximum Height ◽  
Roughness Parameters ◽  
Surface Geometry ◽  
Artificial Neural

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of milling and brushing cutting data settings on the surface geometry and energy parameters of two Mg alloy substrates: AZ91D and AZ31. In milling, the cutting speed and the trochoidal step were modified (vc = 400–1200 m/min and str = 5–30%) to investigate how they affect selected 2D (Rz, Rku, Rsk, RSm, Ra) and 3D (Sa, Sz, Sku, Ssk) roughness parameters. The brushing treatment was carried out at constant parameters: n = 5000 rev/min, vf = 300 mm/min, ap = 0.5 mm. The surface roughness of specimens was assessed with the Ra, Rz, and RSm parameters. The effects of the two treatments on the workpiece surface were analyzed comparatively. It was found that the roughness properties of the machined surface may be improved by the application of a carbide milling cutter and ceramic brush. The use of different machining data was also shown to impact the surface free energy and its polar component of Mg alloy specimens. Complementary to the results from the experimental part of the study, the investigated machining processes were modelled by means of statistical artificial neural networks (the radial basis function and multi-layered perceptron). The artificial neural networks (ANNs) were shown to perform well as a tool for the prediction of Mg alloy surface roughness parameters and the maximum height of the profile (Rz) after milling and brushing.

scholarly journals Analysis of influence of the mono-crystalline corundum grinding wheel wear on grinding forces and roughness parameters in peripheral surface grinding of 100Cr6 steel

Mechanik ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 91 (8-9) ◽  
pp. 702-704
Author(s):  
Marcin Żółkoś ◽  
Witold Habrat ◽  
Janusz Świder ◽  
Elżbieta Socha
Keyword(s):  
Normal Component ◽  
Grinding Force ◽  
Grinding Wheel ◽  
Profile Measurement ◽  
Roughness Parameters ◽  
Wheel Wear ◽  
Grinding Wheel Wear ◽  
Peripheral Surface ◽  
Force Components ◽  
Changes Over Time

The paper presents the experimental study conditions and results of M3X60K5VE01-35 monocorundum with vitrified bond grinding wheel wear in 100Cr6 steel peripheral grinding process. The effect of grinding wheel wear on the values of grinding force components as well as surface roughness parameters was analyzed. The grinding wheel wear was determined by profile measurement of the active grinding wheel surface using an inductive sensor. It was shown that the increase in the normal component of the grinding force during the process can be an acceptable criterion for wear of the grinding wheel due to the quasi-linear changes over time.

scholarly journals Parameterization of Seersucker Woven Fabrics Using Laser Techniques

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 243-249 ◽  
Author(s):  
Łukasz Frącczak ◽  
Domagała Rafał ◽  
Zgórniak Piotr ◽  
Małgorzata Matusiak
Keyword(s):  
Textile Industry ◽  
Woven Fabrics ◽  
Specific Structure ◽  
Woven Fabric ◽  
Structure And Properties ◽  
Roughness Parameters ◽  
Surface Geometry ◽  
Laser Techniques

Abstract Seersucker woven fabrics are increasingly used in the textile industry. Unfortunately, their popularity is limited due to the lack of standards and parameterization of their structure. Thus, the designer of the finished product (clothing, bedding, or decorative items) has problems with ordering a fabric with a specific structure and properties. In this context, it is necessary to parameterize them. This paper presents a method for measuring the surface geometry of seersucker woven fabrics using laser techniques. The surface geometry of the seersucker woven fabric was determined using adapted roughness parameters, such as Wz, Ra, and Rz, as well as by using a hypsometric map.

scholarly journals The Effects of Structured Grinding Wheel Designed Parameters On The Geometries of Ground Structured Surfaces

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amr Monier ◽  
Bing Guo ◽  
Qingliang Zhao ◽  
Zhenfei Guo ◽  
Tamer S. Mahmoud ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Modeling And Simulation ◽  
Geometrical Parameter ◽  
Simulation Models ◽  
Grinding Wheel ◽  
Geometrical Parameters ◽  
Grinding Process ◽  
Surface Geometry ◽  
Structured Surfaces ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
Grinding Operations

Abstract This study investigates the effects of the structured wheels’ geometrical parameters on the geometries of structured surfaces machined by grinding operations. First, the geometrical parameters of the structured wheels were determined. The resultant geometrical parameters of structured surfaces were defined and related to the designed operating condition, including the structured wheel and grinding process by mathematical and simulation models. The results showed that each wheel’s geometrical parameter affects the structured surface geometry at different rates. Grinding experiments were then performed to explore experimentally how the geometrical parameters of the structured wheel affect the geometry of structured surfaces and verify the modeling and simulation results and explanations. The results showed a remarkable compatibility between the predicted and machined surfaces and reflected the accuracy of the presented method for machining the structured surfaces by grinding.

New Ways at the Fine Grinding

2013 ◽  
Vol 581 ◽  
pp. 255-260 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Novák
Keyword(s):  
Surface Quality ◽  
Traditional Approach ◽  
Surface Profile ◽  
Ground Surface ◽  
Cutting Parameters ◽  
Grinding Wheel ◽  
Roughness Parameters ◽  
Machined Parts ◽  
Machining Operations

The traditional approach to grinding is to operate within the limits of surface quality. The requirements for surface quality in grinding are higher than those in other common machining operations such as turning and milling. The surface quality of machined parts is very important for precise production and assembly. When we focus on roughness parameters after grinding, we can establish the limits of these parameters for typical grain materials: Al2O3, SiC, CBN, SG and others. Increasing demands on accuracy and quality of production leads to research concerned with the properties of these materials and the surface quality after grinding. This paper shows new possibilities for the ground surface with focus on surface roughness obtained under varying combinations of cutting conditions. The influence of the grinding wheel, cutting parameters and coolant on higher surface quality is assessed by roughness parameters Ra, Rz, Rt and the Material portion of a surface profile. These high-precision ground surfaces are shown to have a Nanometres (10-9) unit topography demonstrating that the process is able to replace other finishing technologies such as superfinishing or honing.

Analytical Modeling of Cutting Forces and Technological Parameters Interrelation when Grinding Shafts' Ends by a Grinding Wheel End on Circular Grinding Machines

2021 ◽  
Vol 1037 ◽  
pp. 377-383
Author(s):  
Sergey Yudin ◽  
Pavel Pereverzev ◽  
Boris Reshetnikov
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Cutting Force ◽  
Cutting Forces ◽  
Analytical Modeling ◽  
Grinding Wheel ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
Surface Geometry ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Grinding Machines ◽  
Bearing Rings

Abrasive processing remains one of most demanded for hardened steels parts. Grinding of end surfaces of machines parts has become widespread due to the fact that it allows processing heat-treated surfaces more efficiently than turning and also correcting the surface geometry. This processing type is used almost mainly for finish processing operations of shafts ends, bearing rings, gears, etc. However, there is still no mathematical model for this processing type, which would satisfy most of the main technological parameters. In this article a mathematical model of the cutting force when grinding the shaft end by the grinding wheel end on circular grinding machines is obtained. Processing schemes for this grinding type are given and the calculated graph of the cutting force according to the obtained mathematical model is shown.

Nature of the Elastic Grinding Tools Working Surface in the Contact Area with the Workpiece

2015 ◽  
Vol 809-810 ◽  
pp. 81-86
Author(s):  
Alexander Mikhailov ◽  
Anatoly Baykov ◽  
Ilya Navka
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Ground Surface ◽  
Grinding Wheel ◽  
Surface Geometry ◽  
Workpiece Material ◽  
Static State ◽  
Working Surface ◽  
Grain Distribution ◽  
Grinding Tool ◽  
Real Picture

Formation of the ground surface is the result of the interaction of the cutting elements of the diamond tool with the material being processed, so the nature of the working surface geometry of the grinding wheel (WSW) has principal value on processed surface quality. One of the main parameters that characterize the geometry of the WSW is the law of the grain distribution vertex in height. However, statistical models do not reflect the real picture of the tool interaction with the material being processed in the modelling process of grinding tool on the elastic ligament used for final operations. In the process of contact with the material being processed each diamond grain is moved with an adjacent block ligament, changing the position of the cutting vertex relative to both the midrange cords level and the other grains vertexes. As a result the nature of the grain vertexes distribution changes and the conditions of interaction with the material being processed change too. Studies have shown that the density distribution in height of diamond grains elastic grinding tool vertexes in a static state can be described by different distribution laws. For practical use in the calculation of the processed surface roughness and processing capacity is sufficient to approximate the distribution in height only the most protruding grains. In the area of contact with the processed material the distribution density of the grains elastic tool in height significantly differs from the static characteristics and is defined by the elasticity degree of the grinding tool ligament and machinability index of the workpiece material. The obtained results can serve as initial data for the calculation of the processed surface roughness.

A Parametric Analysis of the Gear Surface Roughness After Hobbing

2010 ◽  
Vol 132 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lars Vedmar
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Smooth Surface ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Surface Topology ◽  
Roughness Parameters ◽  
Surface Geometry ◽  
Manufacturing Method ◽  
Differentiable Functions ◽  
Involute Gears ◽  
Dimensional Surface

Hobbing is a common manufacturing method when producing helical, involute gears. In order to give the manufactured gear a controlled surface smoothness, a method to, very accurately, determine the achieved surface geometry is needed. In this report, the cutting surfaces of the tool, of which the cutting edges are the boundaries, are assumed to be plane in arbitrary directions. They are mathematically described using parametric and analytically differentiable functions. These functions give the possibility to determine the geometry of the three-dimensional surface of the manufactured gear, without any additional numeric approximations. By comparing this surface with the smooth surface of an ideal gear, the roughness of the surface can be determined. An example is given in which the surface topology and the characteristic surface roughness parameters are determined.

scholarly journals Influence of the lead angle of an spherical diamond head on the roughness parameters of corundum ceramics

Mechanik ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 92 (11) ◽  
pp. 748-750
Author(s):  
Jan Burek ◽  
Artur Szajna
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Contact Zone ◽  
Cutting Speed ◽  
Grinding Wheel ◽  
Feed Speed ◽  
Roughness Parameters ◽  
Lead Angle ◽  
Surface Roughness Parameters

The results of research on grinding of pre-sustained corundum ceramics with the use of a spherical diamond head are presented. In particular, the influence of the angle α of grinding wheel axis on selected surface roughness parameters at variable feed speed have been investigated. The distribution of the effective cutting speed in the contact zone of the grinding wheel with the object for the selected grinding depth have been also determined.

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