scholarly journals Effect of dietary resveratrol on cell-mediated immunity and hepatocyte morphometry in the model organism medaka (Oryzias latipes Temminck & Schlegel)

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-38
Author(s):  
Agata Kowalska ◽  
Joanna Małaczewska
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Model Organism ◽  
Oryzias Latipes ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cell Mediated Immunity ◽  
Commercial Diet ◽  
Killing Activity ◽  
Diet Control ◽  
Lipid Vacuoles ◽  
Dietary Treatments

AbstractThe effect of dietary resveratrol (40 µg g−1 BW day−1) on cell-mediated immunity (the activity of spleen phagocytes and the proliferative response of lymphocytes) and liver histology (hepatocyte morphometry, lipid vacuoles, and glycogen granules) in adult medaka (Oryzias latipes) (aged two years, body weight BW = 0.49 g) were tested after ten days of feeding with experimental diets. The fish were fed either a commercial diet (control group C) or this same diet supplemented with resveratrol (group R) three times daily at 3% of body weight (BW). Fish fed feed with resveratrol had significantly higher intracellular phagocyte killing activity than did those in the control group (P < 0.05). No differences in the sizes of hepatocytes or their nuclei were observed in the fish from groups C and R. The nucleo-cytoplasmic ratio ranged from 0.39 (± 0.03; group R) to 0.42 (± 0.03, group C) in adult medaka exposed to the two dietary treatments (P > 0.05). The results indicated that the diet supplemented with resveratrol at a dose of 40 µg g−1 BW day−1 had no impact on the liver tissues. Typical hepatocytes with lipids and glycogen were observed to the same extent in the vacuoles. Moreover, no mortality or pathological changes were noted in the fish studied. The diet containing resveratrol helped to maintain disease resistance without affecting the liver tissue after ten days of feeding.

scholarly journals Response of slow-growing chickens to feed restriction and effects on growth performance, blood constituents and immune markers

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 175 ◽  
Author(s):  
Youssef A Attia ◽  
Abd-Elhamid E Abd-Elhamid ◽  
Manal Mustafa ◽  
Mohammed A Al-Harthi ◽  
Mai Muhammad
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Feed Restriction ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Immune Markers ◽  
Blood Constituents ◽  
Commercial Diet ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Slow Growing

An experiment was conducted to study the response of a slow growing chickens breed “Sinai” to feed restriction (FR) and the effects on growth performance, blood constituents and immune markers using a total number of 60 unsexed 7-d-old chicks. Chickens were housed in battery brooders during d 1 to 35 of age and randomly distributed keeping similar initial body weight, in two FR treatment groups. During 0-6 d of age, chickens were fed ad libitum, a mash commercial diet. During d 7-14 of age, chickens were fed either 100 or 80 % of the daily amount of feed consumed by the control group during the previous day. From d 15 to d 35, chickens were fed ad libitum diets a mash commercial diet. At the end of the experiment, body weight gain on the FR regimen was significantly lower than that of the control group, but feed intake and feed conversion ratio (FCR) were not affected. In addition, red blood cells parameters and white blood cells traits were not negatively affected. However, hemagglutination inhibition titter for New castle disease virus, monocyte and total cholesterol were significantly decreased by FR regimen, but blood plasma albumin and immunoglobulin A significantly increased. In conclusion, slow growing chickens could tolerate 27.2 % FR during the 2nd week of age without significant differences in feed intake and FCR for the whole period, and general health status and metabolic profiles indicating a compensatory growth during 15-35 d of age although growth was in favour to the unrestricted group. 

Renal denervation ameliorates the risk of ventricular fibrillation in overweight and heart failure

EP Europace ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 657-666 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shinya Yamada ◽  
Li-Wei Lo ◽  
Yu-Hui Chou ◽  
Wei-Lun Lin ◽  
Shih-Lin Chang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Ventricular Fibrillation ◽  
Renal Denervation ◽  
Electrophysiological Study ◽  
Ventricular Myocardium ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Diet Control ◽  
Rapid Ventricular Pacing ◽  
Ventricular Fibrosis

Abstract Aims Both obesity and heart failure (HF) are associated with sudden cardiac death. The current study aimed to investigate the effects of overweight and HF on the substrate for ventricular fibrillation (VF), and whether renal denervation (RDN) can protect the heart from sympathetic activation and cardiac remodelling in HF rabbits fed with high-fat diet (HFD). Methods and results Twenty-four rabbits randomized into control group fed with regular diet (Control), HFD, HFD-HF, and HFD-HF-RDN groups. Rapid ventricular pacing of 400 b.p.m. for 4 weeks was applied in HFD-HF and HFD-HF-RDN. Surgical and chemical RDNs were approached through bilateral retroperitoneal flank incisions in HFD-HF-RDN. All rabbits received electrophysiological study and a VF inducibility test. The ventricular myocardium was harvested for trichrome stain. After 3 months, mean body weight was heavier in HFD, compared with control (3.5 ± 0.1 kg vs. 2.6 ± 0.1 kg, P &lt; 0.01). No differences in body weight among the three groups fed with HFD were observed. The ventricular refractory periods were longer in HFD-HF and HFD-HF-RDN than in control. An extension of ventricular fibrosis was observed in HFD and HFD-HF compared with control, and the degree of ventricular fibrosis was suppressed in HFD-HF-RDN compared with HFD-HF. The level of tyrosine hydroxylase staining was reduced in HFD-HF-RDN compared with HFD and HFD-HF. Importantly, VF inducibility was lower in HFD-RDN-HF (10 ± 4%), when compared with those in HFD-HF (58 ± 10%, P &lt; 0.01) and HFD (42 ± 5%, P &lt; 0.05), respectively. Conclusion Our results suggest that overweight and HF increase sympathetic activity, structural remodelling, and VF inducibility, but RDN prevents them.

scholarly journals Ketogenic, hypocaloric diet improves nonalcoholic steatohepatitis

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuliya Belopolsky ◽  
Mohammad Q. Khan ◽  
Amnon Sonnenberg ◽  
David J. Davidson ◽  
Claus J. Fimmel
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis ◽  
Laboratory Data ◽  
Calorie Intake ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Metabolic Markers ◽  
Commercial Diet ◽  
Liver Tests

AbstractBackground and objectivesNonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is strongly associated with obesity. A weight loss of ≥10% is necessary to improve NASH severity, but this goal has rarely been achieved in published studies using different diet protocols. The effect of a ketogenic, hypocaloric, commercial diet (“Ideal Protein,” IP) on body weight, metabolic markers, and liver tests in a group of NASH patients is evaluated in this study. Daily calorie intake was tailored to achieve a weight loss of ≥10%.MethodsWe analyzed 38 patients with NASH who were placed on the IP diet between 2014 and 2018 and compared their outcomes with 6 control patients who declined the diet. All patients were evaluated by a trained health coach in weekly intervals throughout the study period. Clinical and laboratory data obtained before and at 6.5 months after intervention were compared using paired t-testing.ResultsThe patients on the IP diet experienced a significant weight reduction (217 ± 8 lb vs. 194 ± 7 lb; mean ± S.E.M.), corresponding to an average weight loss of 9.7% ± 1.6%. Significant changes in systolic blood pressure (133 ± 3 mmHg vs. 123 ± 3 mmHg), triglycerides (200 ± 21 mmol/L vs. 132 ± 11 mmol/L), hemoglobin A1c (6.71% ± 0.29% vs. 5.74% ± 0.19%), SGPT (97.3 ± 11.1 IU/L vs. 44.2 ± 5.9 IU/L), SGOT (82.4 ± 10.5 IU/L vs. 32.8 ± 5.2 IU/L), and Fib-4 scores (2.25 ± 0.23 vs. 1.40 ± 0.13) were also observed (P<0.05 in all cases). In the IP group, 50.5% of patients lost ≥10% body weight. In contrast, no significant changes were observed in the control group. The IP diet was well tolerated, and no safety signals were noticed.ConclusionsA ketogenic, hypocaloric resulted in striking weight loss and significant improvements in metabolic parameters and liver tests, suggesting that this approach carries promise for the dietary management of patients with NASH.

scholarly journals Low Dosage of Chitosan Supplementation Improves Intestinal Permeability and Impairs Barrier Function in Mice

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guiping Guan ◽  
Hongbing Wang ◽  
Hanhui Peng ◽  
Guanya Li
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Barrier Function ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Intestinal Barrier ◽  
Dietary Supplementation ◽  
Intestinal Barrier Function ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Diet Control ◽  
Food And Water Intake

The purpose of this study was to explore relationships between low dose dietary supplementation with chitosan (COS) and body weight, feed intake, intestinal barrier function, and permeability in mice. Twenty mice were randomly assigned to receive an unadulterated control diet (control group) or a dietary supplementation with 30 mg/kg dose of chitosan (COS group) for two weeks. Whilst no significant differences were found between the conditions for body weight or food and water intake, mice in the COS group had an increased serum D-lactate content (P<0.05) and a decreased jejunal diamine oxidase (DAO) activity (P<0.05). Furthermore, mice in COS group displayed a reduced expression of occludin and ZO-1 (P<0.05) and a reduced expression of occludin in the ileum (P<0.05). The conclusion drawn from these findings showed that although 30 mg/kg COS-supplemented diet had no effect on body weight or feed intake in mice, this dosage may compromise intestinal barrier function and permeability. This research will contribute to the guidance on COS supplements.

scholarly journals Influence of Dietary Vitamin A and Iron Deficiency on Hematologic Parameters and Body Weight of Young Male Wistar Rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mauricio Restrepo-Gallego ◽  
Luis E Díaz
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Vitamin A ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Young Male ◽  
Dietary Vitamin ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Iron Deficient ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Diet Control

Micronutrient deficiency is one of the most prominent public health concerns; in particular, vitamin A and iron are determinants of appropriate development, and vitamin A influences iron homeostasis and metabolism. Here we compared the effects of diets that were sufficient and insufficient in vitamin A and iron on the hematologic parameters and body weight of rats. Male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 5 dietary groups (n = 7 per group): adequate in iron and vitamin A (control); adequate in iron but low in vitamin A (FesvAi); adequate in iron but lacking vitamin A (FesvAd); low in iron but adequate in vitamin A (FeivAs); and low in both iron and vitamin A (FeivAi). After 6 wk, rats showed significant differences in serum iron relative to the control diet (control, 256 ± 44 μg/dL; FesvAi, 220± 16 μg/dL; FesvAd, 181 ± 15 μg/dL; FeivAs, 131 ± 44 μg/dL; FeivAi, 75 ± 19 μg/dL). Rats on iron-deficient diets showed reduced Hgb values relative to the control diet (control, 15.9 ± 0.7 g/dL; FeivAs, 13.2 ± 1.6 g/dL; FeivAi, 12.9 ± 1.0 g/dL), MCV (control: 57 ± 10 fL; FeivAs, 48 ± 10 fL; FeivAi, 44 ± 3 fL), and Hct (control, 53% ± 2%; FeivAs, 44% ± 5%; FeivAi, 42% ± 8%). All of the experimental dietary groups showed significant differences in reticulocyte count when compared with the control group (control, 2.7% ± 2.2%; FesvAd, 0.6% ± 0.2%; FesvAi, 0.3% ± 0.1%; FeivAs, 1.2% ± 0.2%; FeivAi, 0.6% ± 0.5%). The mean difference in body weight for the experimental groups, relative to the control group, was 30 ± 10 g. These results suggested that, in young male Wistar rats, both iron and vitamin A are essential to cause increases in body weight and various hematologic parameters.

scholarly journals EVALUATION OF ANTI-OBESITY ACTIVITY OF SOLASODINE IN HIGH FAT DIET-INDUCED OBESITY IN RAT

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Satish Khaserao ◽  
Rahul Somani
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Glucose Level ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Total Cholesterol Level ◽  
Diet Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Diet Control ◽  
Control Group Group

Objective: This study was planned to study the anti-obesity activities of solasodine on high fat (HF) diet-induced obese rats.Methods: Wistar rats were divided into six groups. Control group (Group 1) received normal diet and 0.5 % CMC (5 ml/kg). HF control group (Group 2) received HF diet. Group 3 received orlistat (25 mg/kg body weight per oral). Group 4, 5 and 6 received 25, 50 and 100 mg/kg body weight solasodine respectively. Treatment was given for 6 w to the respective group along with HF diet. Body weight, food intake and abdomen circumference was measured every week for 6 w. On day 42, the serum biochemical parameters like blood glucose and insulin, serum leptin, total cholesterol and triglyceride were evaluated. Animals were sacrificed with overdose of diethyl ether. The liver and retroperitoneal adipose tissues were removed and weighed immediately.Results: Treatment with solasodine at dose of 50 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg significantly (p<0.001) reduced body weight, abdomen circumference and retroperitoneal adipose tissue weight as compared to the HF diet control group. Solasodine also significantly reduced serum total cholesterol, triglyceride and glucose level as compared to HF diet control group (***p<0.001, **p<0.01, *p<0.05 when compared with normal control. ###p<0.001, #p<0.05 when compared with high fat control). In addition, it also inhibited the induction of fatty liver with accumulation of hepatic triglyceride.Conclusion: Solasodine exhibited anti-obesity effect by showing a reduction in body weight, abdomen circumference, total cholesterol level, triglyceride level and glucose level in high-fat diet fed rats.

scholarly journals Anti-dyslipidemia Effects of Tart Cherry Dietary Supplementation on Body Weight and Lipid Profiles of Serum in High Fat Diet-Fed Mice

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 1192-1192
Author(s):  
Songhee Ahn ◽  
Hyun-Sook !Kim
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Serum Triglyceride ◽  
Dietary Supplementation ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Tart Cherry ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Cholesterol Levels ◽  
Diet Control

Abstract Objectives The objective of this study was to investigate the anti-dyslipidemia effects of tart cherry supplementation on body weight and lipid profiles of serum in High Fat Diet-Fed Mice. Methods After 2 weeks of adaptation period, forty 7-week-old male C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into 4 groups (n = 10 per group): normal diet control group (ND), high fat diet control group (HF), HF group fed with 1% tart cherry powder (LC, low dose of cherry), HF group fed with 5% tart cherry powder (HC, high dose of cherry). After 12 weeks of tart cherry dietary supplementation, serum triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) were analyzed. Results Final body weight of LC (1%) and HC (5%) was significantly lower than that of HF control group (P &lt; 0.001). Also, body weight gained in LC (1%) and HC (5%) was significantly lower than HF control group (P &lt; 0.001). In serum, triglyceride (TG) and total cholesterol (TC) levels were significantly lower in HC (5%) group compared to HF control group (P &lt; 0.05, P &lt; 0.001, respectively). Serum HDL-cholesterol levels in LC (1%) and HC (5%) groups was significantly higher than HF control group (P &lt; 0.05). Conclusions Tart cherry dietary supplementation may have an anti-dyslipidemia effect in high fat diet-fed mice by lowering body weight gain and modulating serum cholesterol levels. Further analysis of AMPK-regulated fatty acid oxidation biomarkers are under investigation. Funding Sources This study received no external funding.

scholarly journals The Effect of Fenugreek Seed (Trigonella Foenun gracem) and Zinbiber Officinal Rhizome in Rations on Some Production and Physiological Performance in Broiler Chicks

2009 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 8-20
Author(s):  
GALIB A.M. AL-KASSIE
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Blood Parameters ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Fenugreek Seeds ◽  
Ginger Powder ◽  
Diet Control ◽  
Group 2

The study was conducted to investigate the effect of Fenugreek and Ginger Powder. The additiveswere added to diets of broiler chicken for 6 weeks (along the period of experiments). The Productionperformance, the Physiology and the Microbial balance in the intestine were studied.150 day-old Hubbard Chicks were divided randomly into 5 groups were as follow:1- Group one: Basal diet (control group).2- Group Two: Basal diet to 0.5 % Fenugreek.3- Group Three: Basal diet to 1 % Fenugreek.4- Group Four: Basal diet to 0.5 % Ginger.5- Group Five: Basal diet to 1 % Ginger.The results showed:1- The groups which treated by Fenugreek seeds powder (0.5 %) and by Ginger (0.5 %)and (1%) showed insignificant increase in body weight compared with T1.2- The groups which treated by Fenugreek seeds powder (1%) showed significantdecrease (P<0.05) in body weight compared with other groups.3- There was no significant differences in the feed conversion coefficient betweendifferent groups.4- Improvement of blood parameters of T2, T3 , T4 and T5 compared with T1.

Supplementation of Diet With Microbial And Thermo-Stable 6-Phytase With Recommended And Deficient CA and P Level on Broiler Performance

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 211-222
Author(s):  
MT Islam ◽  
M Habib ◽  
AJM Ferdaus ◽  
MBR Mollah ◽  
MS Ali
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Broiler Performance ◽  
Microbial Phytase ◽  
Dietary Treatments

An experiment was carried out to investigate the performances with 1080 male Cobb-500 broiler chicks using different levels of a microbial phytase in plantbased diet. Six dietary treatments were formulated as follows; the first 3 diets were balanced with Ca and Av. P according to the recommendation of Cobb-500 served as basal diet without phytase enzyme (T1), basal diet with 100g phytase ton-1 feed (T2) and basal diet with 200g phytase ton-1 feed (T3), while the last 3 diets were deficient in Ca and Av. P and containing no phytase enzyme (T4), diet with 100g phytase/ton feed (T5) and diet with 200g phytase ton-1 feed (T6). All 6 treatments were replicated 6 times. Body weight, feed consumption and mortality of broilers were recorded weekly. The highest body weight was found in T3 with 200g phytase ton-1 feed with recommended Ca and Av. P level in the diet, followed by T6 with 200g phytase/ton feed with deficient in Ca and Av. P level in the diet (P<0.05). The lowest weight was found in T1 without phytase with recommended Ca and Av. P level in the diet. The feed consumption, feed conversion ratio and mortality of the birds during 35 days of experimental period did not differ significantly (P<0.05). The meat yield characteristics at 35 days of age were non-significant among different treatments (P>0.05). Significantly lower value of total ash (%), Ca (%) and total P (%) of tibia was found in control group (T1) and T4. The results of this experiment revealed that phytase supplementation at 200g ton-1 of feed improved broiler performances at either recommended or deficient level of Ca and Av. P. SAARC J. Agric., 19(1): 211-222 (2021)

scholarly journals Effects of short term fasting on the evolution of fecal peritonitis in mice

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 181-185 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernando Antônio Martins Bermudes ◽  
Juliano Bertollo Dettoni ◽  
Fausto Edmundo Lima Pereira
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Endotoxic Shock ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Fecal Peritonitis ◽  
Nacl Solution ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Commercial Diet ◽  
Fecal Suspension ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Resistance To Infection

PURPOSE: To investigate the effect of 72 hours food suppression on the evolution of fecal peritonitis in mice evaluating the mortality and measuring the number and size of abscesses formed into the peritoneal cavity. METHODS: Mice receiving commercial diet and water ad libitum (control group, N=35) and mice fasted during 72 h (N=35), receiving only water ad libitum, were inoculated by i.p. route, with 4uL/g body weight of a fecal suspension diluted 1:6 or 1:9 in 0.15M NaCl solution (1:6 dilution, 22 controls and 18 fasted; 1:9 dilution, 13 controls and 17 fasted). Animals were followed up until two weeks after fecal inoculation, when the survivors were euthanized for evaluation of the number and size of intra-peritoneal abscesses. Mortality was evaluated by Kaplan Meyer curves. RESULTS: Mortality was significantly higher in fasted groups than in controls. However the number and size of abscesses were significantly less in fasted groups than in controls. CONCLUSION: Seventy two hours food suppression increased the susceptibility to endotoxic shock (high mortality after peritonitis induction) and the resistance to infection with fecal microorganisms (less number and size of intra-peritoneal abscesses).

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