scholarly journals Constructive Variants for Personalised Formwork

2018 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diaconu Raluca
Keyword(s):  
Contact Surface ◽  
Technical Solution ◽  
Material Loss ◽  
Complex Shapes ◽  
Market Needs ◽  
Definition Of

Abstract The aim of this paper is to explore the possibility of working with a personalized reusable composite formwork in order to obtain architectural shapes for roof and wall elements without material loss. Starting with the analysis of the market needs, the definition of the functions and continuing with the conceptual and technical solution proposals, we created a formwork variant that can be reused for different complex shapes. The researches set on sight different variations of the material used, their thickness and the contact surface given by the support elements.

scholarly journals LEGAL STATUS OF THE POLICYHOLDER IN THE COMPULSORY STATE SOCIAL INSURANCE AGAINST AN ACCIDENT AT WORK AND AN OCCUPATIONAL DISEASE

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (9) ◽  
pp. 43-50
Author(s):  
Oleksii Soloviov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Occupational Disease ◽  
Social Insurance ◽  
Legal Status ◽  
Civil Law ◽  
Insurance Premium ◽  
Material Loss ◽  
Social Contribution ◽  
The Law ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Compulsory State

The article considers the definition of the insured, which is contained in the Law of Ukraine «On collection and accounting of a single contribution to compulsory state social insurance» and based on this it is concluded that it includes only the persons and the main obligation of the insured – payment of insurance premium and does not establish additional or qualifying features that the insured must have. Given that the social security insurance mechanism was borrowed from civil law, the author examined the definition of the insurer from the standpoint of civil law and concluded that the presence of insurance interest is a prerequisite for determining a person as an insured and proposed his own definition of insurance interest – a certain property interest related to the need to suffer material loss in connection with damage to life, health and ability to work of the insured person as a result of an accident or occupational disease that occurs during the performance or in connection with the performance of certain work in the interests of the insured. The author emphasizes that the insurers in the relationship of social insurance against accidents at work and occupational diseases can be primarily employers. Based on the results of the analysis of the definition of the employer in various regulations, it was concluded that there is a certain inconsistency in science and legislation regarding this term, and therefore the legislative definition of the employer needs to be specified. This made it possible to develop proposals for making the necessary changes to certain regulations that contain this term. The concept and features of a single social contribution are researched. Peculiarities of insurance of persons performing works on the terms of civil law contracts are analyzed. Emphasis is placed on the unresolved issue of the customer - an individual who uses the work of other individuals under a civil contract, but without registering them as a business entity. It is believed that such persons should also act as payers of the single social contribution, and therefore it is necessary to amend the Law of Ukraine «On the collection and accounting of the single contribution to the obligatory state social insurance».

Sliding wear mechanism of ductile materials – Effect of sliding direction reversal

2017 ◽  
Vol 232 (3) ◽  
pp. 315-325 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wa’il R Tyfour ◽  
Mohammed T Hayajneh ◽  
Amer Momani ◽  
Manar B AL-Hajji
Keyword(s):  
Plastic Strain ◽  
Contact Surface ◽  
Experimental Program ◽  
Wear Loss ◽  
Strain Accumulation ◽  
Material Loss ◽  
Sliding Direction ◽  
Surface Failure ◽  
Plastic Shear Strain ◽  
Direction Reversal

The work presented in this paper tries to shed more light on the mechanism by which ductile surfaces fail and leave the contact surface during loaded pure sliding contact. An extensive experimental program was designed aimed at exploring the role of plastic shear strain accumulation in surface failure. Reversing the direction of strain during testing was the main variable which was facilitated by reversing the sliding direction. Changes in structure deformation morphology and accumulated plastic strain were analyzed. The effect of different sliding direction reversal regimes during testing, compared to unidirectional sliding to the same sliding distance, was thoroughly investigated. Results came to support that plastic strain accumulation is responsible for contact surface failure and, as a result, material loss from the ductile surface during sliding. It was evident, under the test conditions used, that reversing the sliding direction at different predefined sliding distances has resulted in delaying surface failure, resulting in lower wear loss compared to that found under unidirectional sliding. Multiple strain direction reversals resulted in higher beneficial effect in delaying failure. Furthermore, the earlier the sliding reversal is carried out, the better its effect of delaying failure. Findings have been explained in terms of plastic strain accumulation that leads to failure of the surface layer after reaching a certain strain to failure limit.

Emerging Technology in Fitness-for-Service Assessment of Crack-Like Flaws

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ted L. Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Stress Intensity ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Reference Stress ◽  
Future Edition ◽  
Failure Assessment ◽  
Complex Shapes ◽  
Constraint Effects ◽  
New Equation ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Flaw Shape

Abstract This paper describes several recent advances in crack assessment technology that have been or will be incorporated into the API 579 fitness-for-service standard. Four technology areas are addressed herein: • Stress intensity factor solutions. The 2016 edition of API 579 contains an extensive library of stress intensity solutions inferred from 3D finite element analysis. • A new equation for fitting elastic-plastic J solutions. A parametric equation that captures the elastic, fully-plastic and contained-yielding regimes of deformation provides an alternative definition of reference stress in the failure assessment diagram (FAD) method. • An enhanced constraint adjustment. A future edition of API 579 will include an improved version of the Wallin methodology for shifting the Master Curve reference temperature to account for constraint effects. • A procedure to account for non-ideal crack profiles. Most crack assessment methods assume an idealized flaw shape such as semi-elliptical, but many real-world flaws have complex shapes.

scholarly journals Risk Management for the Reliability of Robotic Assisted Treatment of Non-resectable Liver Tumors

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Doina Pisla ◽  
Vaida Calin ◽  
Iosif Birlescu ◽  
Nadim Al Hajjar ◽  
Bogdan Gherman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Function Deployment ◽  
Liver Tumors ◽  
Robotic System ◽  
Targeted Treatment ◽  
Technical Solution ◽  
Medical Procedure ◽  
Delivery Methods ◽  
Therapeutic Efficiency ◽  
Assessment Approach ◽  
Definition Of

Hepatic cancers represent an important worldwide health issue where surgery alone in most cases is not a feasible therapeutic solution since most tumors are non-resectable. Despite targeted therapies showing positive results in other areas of cancer treatment, in the case of liver tumors, no low-risk delivery methods have been identified. Based on a risk assessment approach, this paper proposes a technical solution in the form of a robotic system capable of achieving a reliable delivery method for targeted treatment, focusing on the patient safety and therapeutic efficiency. The design of the robotic system starts from the definition of the design constraints with respect to the medical protocol. An analytical hierarchy process is used to prioritize the data correlated with the technical characteristics of a new robotic system, aiming to minimize risks associated with the medical procedure. In a four-phase quality function deployment, the technical solution is evaluated with respect to the quality characteristics, functions, subsystems, and components aiming to achieve a safe and reliable system with high therapeutic efficiency. The results lead to the concept of HeRo, a parallel robotic system for the reliable targeted treatment of non-resectable liver tumors.

De programmabegroting als bruikbaar instrument voor de parlementaire controle

Res Publica ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 195-204
Author(s):  
Georges Stienlet
Keyword(s):  
Public Management ◽  
Gain Control ◽  
Active Role ◽  
General Idea ◽  
Technical Solution ◽  
Managerial Control ◽  
The Government ◽  
Budgetary Decisions ◽  
Public Organisations ◽  
Definition Of

Untill recently the primary emphasis of the budget of the Belgian State was on formal controls of spending. The detailed classification of objects of expenditure was the main control mechanism. The growing needs for managerial control on the proliferation of public organisations turned intrest of the government executive to concerns with the efficient performance of government activities. Program budgeting was introduced as a technical solution for the public management.  Legislative action resulting in an expenditure change has become more and more exceptional and shows how extraordinaly skillful must be those who wish to penetrate this budgetary system from outside the executive.Parliament thus remained silent in this debate. However, when linked with the definition of social objectives, budgeting by outputs could be a vehicle for restoring the active role of the legislature in the budgetary process.The general idea is to gain control on budgetary decisions by focusing on the end products of public organisations and on governemental objectives instead of on inputs as personnel, equipment or maintenance. By effective goalsetting, the Belgian Parliament could restore its budgetary authority.

Optimizing Cutting Planes for Advanced Joining and Additive Manufacturing

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brandon Massoni ◽  
Matthew I. Campbell
Keyword(s):  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
Cutting Planes ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Optimization Method ◽  
Main Body ◽  
Optimal Separation ◽  
Complex Shapes ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Manufacturing Alternatives

While additive manufacturing allows more complex shapes than conventional manufacturing processes, there is a clear benefit in leveraging both new and old processes in the definition of new parts. For example, one could create complex part shapes where the main “body” is defined by extrusion and machining, while small protruding features are defined by additive manufacturing. This paper looks at how optimization and geometric reasoning can be combined to identify optimal separation planes within a complex three-dimensional shapes. These separations indicate the joining processes in reverse. The optimization method presents possible manufacturing alternatives to an engineering designer where optimality is defined as a minimization of cost. The process identifies the cutting planes as well as the combination of processes required to join the individual parts together. The paper presents several examples of complex shapes and describes how the optimization finds the optimal results.

Study on the Carbon Balance Trading under the Framework of Ecological Compensation

2013 ◽  
Vol 734-737 ◽  
pp. 1938-1941
Author(s):  
Qing Min Yin ◽  
Jin Hua Liu
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Balance ◽  
Government Support ◽  
Ecological Compensation ◽  
Efficient Operation ◽  
Market Incentives ◽  
Market Transaction ◽  
Resource Space ◽  
The Government ◽  
Market Needs ◽  
Definition Of

This article investigates the improvement and supplement of carbon balance trading under the framework of ecological compensation from three angles: different set of ecological compensation problem from the resource space, environmental finance market and market incentives of technology innovation, concluding that market-oriented environmental resource allocation has higher efficiency and superiority. At the same time, establishment and efficient operation of the carbon balance market needs strong government support, and the government initial definition of property rights is crucial. At last, the paper puts forward measures and suggestions of carbon market transaction.

scholarly journals Technical Problematisation: A Democratic Way to Deal with Contested Projects?

2021 ◽  
pp. 097172182199558
Author(s):  
Yannick Barthe ◽  
Morgan Meyer ◽  
Göran Sundqvist
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Waste Management ◽  
Public Participation ◽  
Technological Innovation ◽  
Nuclear Waste ◽  
Science And Technology Studies ◽  
Technical Solution ◽  
Nuclear Waste Management ◽  
The Social ◽  
Definition Of

A strong social and technical divide is particularly visible in the predominant understanding of technological innovation in modern societies. The field of Science and Technology Studies (STS) aims to overcome this divide, by focusing on the continuously entwined relationships between the social and the technical, that is, sociotechnical combinations. In this article, we argue that while it is reasonable to state that the social and the technical are entangled, it should be acknowledged that some issues are dealt with solutions that are more technical than others. A technical problematisation (the definition of an issue as a problem that is treated via a technical solution) is different to a social problematisation (the definition of an issue as a problem that is treated via a social solution) of the same issue. Our discussion is built upon examples from nuclear waste management, where the social–technical divide has been strong. However, more recently there has been a push for more democracy in technical decision making in this area, with much experimentation on public participation taking place. The only way these activities will successfully support such a democratising process is for them to be integrated into a renewed and explicitly acknowledged technical problematisation of proposed solutions.

scholarly journals Engineering Escherichia coli biofilm to increase contact surface for shikimate and L-malate production

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiang Ding ◽  
Yadi Liu ◽  
Guipeng Hu ◽  
Liang Guo ◽  
Cong Gao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Contact Surface ◽  
Self Assembly ◽  
Cds Nanoparticles ◽  
Cellular Functions ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Microbial Cell Factories ◽  
Cell Factories ◽  
Nanoparticles Concentration ◽  
Definition Of

AbstractMicrobial organelles are a promising model to promote cellular functions for the production of high-value chemicals. However, the concentrations of enzymes and nanoparticles are limited by the contact surface in single Escherichia coli cells. Herein, the definition of contact surface is to improve the amylase and CdS nanoparticles concentration for enhancing the substrate starch and cofactor NADH utilization. In this study, two biofilm-based strategies were developed to improve the contact surface for the production of shikimate and L-malate. First, the contact surface of E. coli was improved by amylase self-assembly with a blue light-inducible biofilm-based SpyTag/SpyCatcher system. This system increased the glucose concentration by 20.7% and the starch-based shikimate titer to 50.96 g L−1, which showed the highest titer with starch as substrate. Then, the contact surface of E. coli was improved using a biofilm-based CdS-biohybrid system by light-driven system, which improved the NADH concentration by 83.3% and increased the NADH-dependent L-malate titer to 45.93 g L−1. Thus, the biofilm-based strategies can regulate cellular functions to increase the efficiency of microbial cell factories based on the optogenetics, light-driven, and metabolic engineering. Graphical Abstract

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