scholarly journals Influences of different sources and levels of crude fiber on performances, fatty acids profile and carcass traits in growing-fattening pigs’ diet

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-16
Author(s):  
Gabriela Maria Cornescu ◽  
Tatiana Panaite ◽  
Mariana Ropota
Keyword(s):  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Carcass Traits ◽  
Crude Fiber ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Sunflower Meal ◽  
Alfalfa Meal ◽  
Different Sources ◽  
Fattening Pigs

Abstract The present study has investigated the potential of including different sources and levels of fiber (6.5% and 7.5%) in growing-fattening pigs’ diet. The nine weeks feeding trial was conducted on nine hybrids TOPIGS castrated males with an initial average weight of 25.25±2.11 kg, randomly assigned to 3 experimental groups with 3 replicates per group. The control group (C) was fed with a corn, wheat and soybean basal diet and it was characterized by 3.5% crude fiber (CF), the experimental groups E1 had 6.5% CF (4% alfalfa meal and 12.36 % sunflower meal) and E2 had 7.5% (6% alfalfa and 18.38% sunflower meal) decreasing the dietary rate inclusion of soybean meal from C (21.42% soybean meal). Bodyweight (initial, final), average daily feed intake (ADFI), leftovers were registered and average daily gain (ADG), feed conversion ratio (FCR) were calculated during the experiment. At the end of the study, the pigs were slaughtered for the determination of carcass traits and meat quality parameters. The productive performances were not influenced by the source or level of the fiber content. The saturated fatty acid (SFA) values were significantly different (P<0.05) in E1 group for shoulder and belly samples compared to C and for breast samples on E2. Higher MUFA concentrations significantly different (P<0.05) were noticed for ham, sirloin, rack, shoulder, breast on E1. PUFA, Ω:6 concentration shown significant differences (P<0.05) within E2 to all meat samples collected, except the neck. The best carcass classification results were recorded in the E1 with 6.5% cellulose (50% Class S and 50% Class E) according to the SEUROP system classification. The study concluded that the dietary percentages of alfalfa meal and sunflower meal did not compromise productive performances but the average muscle thickness and meat percentage registered lower values compared with group C. Further studies with the same raw materials but changing the inclusion percentages should have experimented with emphasis on carcass traits results.

scholarly journals Effect of Replacing Soybean Meal with Lupin Seed-based Meal in Chicken Diet on Performance, Carcass Value and Meat Quality

2010 ◽  
Vol 79 (2) ◽  
pp. 195-202 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pavel Suchý ◽  
Eva Straková ◽  
Ivan Herzig ◽  
Ladislav Steinhauser ◽  
Josef Vopálenský ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Lupin Seed ◽  
Thigh Muscles ◽  
Chicken Muscles

The main objective of this experimental study was to determine how diets containing lupin meal affect the performance indicators, carcass value, and chemical composition of breast and thigh muscles in broiler chickens. The diets tested in experimental groups E1 and E2 differed as follows: in group E1, one third of nitrogen-containing substances (NSs) from extracted soybean meal was replaced with NSs from lupin meal; in group E2, two thirds were replaced compared to the control group. The replacement of soybean meal with lupin meal in experimental diets failed to produce any significant effect on the average live weight of chickens on Day 42 of the fattening period compared to the control group. The replacement of soybean meal with lupin meal resulted in decreased average weight of carcass and breast muscles and in decreased yield of breast muscles. Differences between the control group (C) and group E2 were significant (P &#x2AAC 0.01). Chickens in group E2 also showed a significant increase (P &#x2AAC 0.01) in the yield of the heart and stomach compared to the control group. The differences in weight and yield of thigh muscles between the control group and the experimental groups (E1 and E2) were not significantly affected. As far as chemical composition is concerned, chickens receiving the lupin-containing feed showed a significant (P &#x2AAC 0.01) increase in the ash content in breast muscles. On the contrary, in thigh muscles in group E2, the ash content decreased significantly (P &#x2AAC 0.01). The content of calcium showed an increasing trend in both breast and thigh muscles in both experimental groups. In contrast, the content of magnesium in chicken muscles in both experimental groups decreased. These differences were significant (P &#x2AAC 0.01) only in thigh muscles. Our results show that lupin seed is a suitable substitute for NSs contained in soybean extracted meal. It is considered optimal to replace up to one third of NSs contained in soybean meal with lupin seed. Higher inclusion rate of lupin meal in diets may reduce the growth intensity of chickens, particularly the yield of breast muscles. Due to substantial inter-varietal differences, it is necessary to optimize individual nutrients, particularly amino acids when formulating lupin-containing diets.

scholarly journals Replacement of soybean meal by soybean in multiple supplements for beef heifers grazing Urochloa decumbens during the dry season

2015 ◽  
Vol 36 (6Supl2) ◽  
pp. 4601 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Mageste de Almeida ◽  
Mário Fonseca Paulino ◽  
Marcos Inácio Marcondes ◽  
Luciana Navajas Rennó ◽  
Lívia Vieira de Barros ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Protein Source ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Drought Period ◽  
Urochloa Decumbens

<p>This study aimed to evaluate the effect of replacing soybean meal with soybean in multiple supplements on nutritional parameters, microbial efficiency and productive and reproductive performance of heifers grazing in <em>Urochloa decumbens </em>during the drought period. Were used 39 crossbred heifers of initial age and initial weight of 21 months and 309.5±7 kg, respectively. The experimental design was completely randomized with four treatments with eight replicates, and a control treatment with seven replications. Two treatments had soybean meal as the protein source and two treatments had soybean as the protein source, containing 25% and 40% crude protein. The amount of supplement offered was 1.0 kg/animal/day. The animals of the control group received only mineral salt <em>ad libitum</em>. The supplemented animals had higher average daily gain (ADG) than control animals (P&lt;0.10), and there was no difference in ADG among the supplements (P&gt;0.10). There was an effect of supplementation (P &lt;0.10) on intake of dry matter (DM), organic matter (OM), crude protein (CP), ether extract (EE), non-fiber carbohydrates (NFC), total digestible nutrients (TDN) and neutral detergent fiber corrected for ash and protein (NDF). There were no differences (P&gt;0.10) on intake of OM and DM grazing between the supplemented and non-supplemented. Supplementation improved DM digestibility and all constituents of the diet (P&lt;0.10). It was found that the provision of multiple supplements optimizes the performance of heifers grazing during the dry season, and that the substitution of soybean meal by soybean did not improve productive performance of animals.</p>

scholarly journals Replacement of soybean meal by soybean in multiple supplements for beef heifers grazing Urochloa decumbens during the dry season

2015 ◽  
Vol 36 (6Supl2) ◽  
pp. 4601
Author(s):  
Daniel Mageste de Almeida ◽  
Mário Fonseca Paulino ◽  
Marcos Inácio Marcondes ◽  
Luciana Navajas Rennó ◽  
Lívia Vieira de Barros ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Protein Source ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Drought Period ◽  
Urochloa Decumbens

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of replacing soybean meal with soybean in multiple supplements on nutritional parameters, microbial efficiency and productive and reproductive performance of heifers grazing in Urochloa decumbens during the drought period. Were used 39 crossbred heifers of initial age and initial weight of 21 months and 309.5±7 kg, respectively. The experimental design was completely randomized with four treatments with eight replicates, and a control treatment with seven replications. Two treatments had soybean meal as the protein source and two treatments had soybean as the protein source, containing 25% and 40% crude protein. The amount of supplement offered was 1.0 kg/animal/day. The animals of the control group received only mineral salt ad libitum. The supplemented animals had higher average daily gain (ADG) than control animals (P<0.10), and there was no difference in ADG among the supplements (P>0.10). There was an effect of supplementation (P <0.10) on intake of dry matter (DM), organic matter (OM), crude protein (CP), ether extract (EE), non-fiber carbohydrates (NFC), total digestible nutrients (TDN) and neutral detergent fiber corrected for ash and protein (NDF). There were no differences (P>0.10) on intake of OM and DM grazing between the supplemented and non-supplemented. Supplementation improved DM digestibility and all constituents of the diet (P<0.10). It was found that the provision of multiple supplements optimizes the performance of heifers grazing during the dry season, and that the substitution of soybean meal by soybean did not improve productive performance of animals

scholarly journals By-products of apricot processing in quail feed: Effects on growth performance, carcass characteristics, and meat physicochemical quality

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 878-883
Author(s):  
Fatma Boubekeur ◽  
Rafik Arbouche ◽  
Yasmine Arbouche ◽  
Fodil Arbouche
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Partial Substitution ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Carcass Yield ◽  
By Products

Background and Aim: The rearing of quails can have a stronger attraction for the breeders if we lower the cost prices by introducing by-products in their feed formulas. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of the partial substitution of soybean meal by apricot kernel cake (AKC) in the diet of quails, applied either sequentially or during all phases of rearing, on their growth performances, carcass characteristics, and meat physicochemical composition. Materials and Methods: A total of 600 one-day-old quails (Coturnix coturnix japonica), with equal sex ratio and weighing on average 7±0.2 g, were randomly distributed in one control group and three experimental groups, the latter being designed according to the rate of application of AKC in either sequential or non-sequential mode in different rearing phases. Each group was divided into five replicates of 30 quails, randomly distributed according to either substitution rate of soybean meal by the AKC (0%, 10%, 20%, or 30%) or farming phase. Results: The average daily gain from the 1st to 45th days (average daily gain1–45d) was found to be the highest (4.24 g/d/subject, p=0.021) for the 30% AKC-supplemented feed lot in either starter or finish incorporation (DFTAA), having an optimum final live weight of 193.4 g (p=0.028), a lowest feed conversion ratio of 3.08 (p=0.001), and a daily feed intake of 860 g (p=0.01). Carcass yield was recorded the highest (74.4%, p=0.02) with an optimum meat protein level (30.6%, p=0.024) and the lowest fat content (2.26%, p=0.001) for the same group as well. Conclusion: The partial substitution of soybean meal by AKC in the quails' fattening feeding, during the finishing phase and for all rearing phases, led to a better growth performance, a better carcass yield, and an improved chemical composition of meat.

scholarly journals Influence of different sources of cuprum in compound feeds on the productivity of broiler chickens

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. S. Bomko ◽  
◽  
M. S. Zakharchuk ◽  
O. M. Tytariova ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Effective Use ◽  
Daily Gain ◽  
Different Sources ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Experimental Group

Aimed to study the effective use of different doses of cuprum proteinate in the diet of broiler chickens, three groups of animals were formed with 50 chicks in each. Chickens from the 1st control group received cuprum sulphate as a part of compound feed, and animals from the 2nd and 3rd experimental groups received cuprum proteinate. The concentration of Cuprum in the feed in the 1st and 2nd groups was identical, and in the 3rd experimental group the amount of Cuprum was reduced by 25% compared to the control. During scientific and economic experiment, it was found that the replacement of cuprum sulphate with its proteinate with the same concentration in the feed has a positive effect on the average daily gain of broiler chickens, and therefore a live weight. Thus, the animals from the 2nd experimental group exceeded control analogues by 7.5% in average daily gain and by 9.4% in body mass at the end of the experiment. Reducing the concentration of Cuprum in the feed of chickens from the 3rd experimental group by 25% (the source of the microelement is cuprum proteinate) compared to the control also had a positive effect on the productivity of these animals. They exceeded control analogues in terms of average daily weight gain by 3.8%, and in terms of live weight by 5.8%. At the same time the direct correlation between animal productivity and quantity of the consumed feed was noted. Thus, broilers from the 2nd experimental group consumed more feed by 3.3% compared to control peers. The chickens from the 3rd experimental group exceeded controls by 1.5% in this index. Thus, cuprum proteinate is a more efficient source of Cuprum for broiler feed. The concentration of this microelement in the feed of these animals aged 5-21 days should be 18.2 g/t, 22–35 days - 16.8 g/t, 36–42 days - 12 g/t or 16.5 g/t on average during the experiment.

scholarly journals Supplementation of Microbial Phytase with Safflower Meal in Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss): The Effects on Growth, Digestibility, Environmental, and Serum Biological Parameters

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
İsmail Berat Çantaş ◽  
Önder Yildirim
Keyword(s):  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Health Status ◽  
Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽  
Environmental Effects ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Fish Growth ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Biological Parameters ◽  
Microbial Phytase

This study aimed to determine the effects of diets replacing soybean meal with safflower meal and phytase enzyme on feed utilization, growth performance, body composition, serum biological parameters, and environmental effects of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). To this aim, five different isonitrogenous (44%) and isocaloric (23 kJ) experimental feeds were formulated as follows: the control group (C) containing no safflower meal and enzyme; SFM10 and SFM20 groups containing 10% and 20% of safflower meal instead of soybean meal, respectively; and SFM10 ± P1000 and SFM20 ± P2000 groups containing 10% safflower meal and 1000 IU/kg phytase and 20% safflower meal and 2000 IU/kg phytase, respectively. Juveniles (12.57 ± 3.05 g average weight) were fed for 60 days. As a result, the best growth rate and feed conversion were recorded in the SFM20 ± P2000 group with 127.07 ± 7.73% and 1.13 ± 0.020, respectively p<0.05. On the contrary, total phosphorus in SFM20 ± P2000 group trial feed was 1.20 ± 0.02, while 0.70 ± 0.08 was found in feces that is the best result between other groups. ALP, LDH, TPROT, CHOL, and triglyceride levels were not statistically different among the experimental groups. ALT, AST, glucose, and albumin levels in serum resulted to be affected by different phytase levels but without any negative effect on fish growth and fish health status. Cholesterol level in the SFM10 ± P1000 group was the highest and positively affected growth and health status of this group. In conclusion, 20% safflower meal replacement along with 2000 IU/kg microbial phytase in feeds can be considered suitable for rainbow trout due to its sustainability and reduced environmental effects due to reduced phosphorous excretion.

Effects of soybean meal versus processed whole soybean diets on the performance of young bulls and the fatty acid composition of intramuscular fat

2020 ◽  
Vol 60 (11) ◽  
pp. 1435
Author(s):  
C. V. R. Oliveira ◽  
J. P. Schoonmaker ◽  
D. R. Casagrande ◽  
O. R. Machado Neto ◽  
V. A. A. Reis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Carcass Traits ◽  
Ether Extract ◽  
Ground Soybean ◽  
Daily Gain

Context It is hypothesised that the use of processed soybean for feedlot beef cattle improves feed efficiency and produces beef with a better fatty acid profile for human health. Aims This study aimed to evaluate average daily gain, feed efficiency, carcass traits, chemical composition, fatty acid profile and colour in the beef of young bulls fed diets with ground or extruded soybean. Methods A total of 60 young Zebu bulls (Nellore or Nellore crossed with other Zebu breeds) with an average initial liveweight of 320 ± 8.12 kg and an average initial age of 20 ± 2 months were randomly assigned to receive one of the following diets for 84 days: dehulled and defatted soybean meal (3.22% of ether extract), ground soybean (6.51% of ether extract) or extruded soybean (6.37% of ether extract). The fatty acid profiles of these animals were analysed using high-resolution gas chromatography. The CIE L*a*b* colour space model was used to numerically describe the colour during the aging period (0, 7, 14 and 21 days). Key results Diet had no effect on the average daily gain, feed efficiency or carcass traits of the animals (P &gt; 0.05). Protein, ether extract and ash composition of the Longissimus lumborum (LL) muscle were not affected (P &gt; 0.30) by the use of processed soybean grains. The ground soybean diet decreased oleic acid and C18:2 c9, t11 concentrations, but increased C18:2 t10, c12 and trans-octadecenoic acid isomer concentrations in the LL muscle compared with those in the dehulled and defatted soybean meal and extruded soybean diets (P &lt; 0.05). Muscle from bulls fed processed soybean exhibited greater concentrations of stearic acid and saturated fatty acids, and a lower concentration of unsaturated fatty acids, as well as a decreased unsaturated fatty acids:saturated fatty acids ratio (P &lt; 0.05). Processed soybean grains did not affect (P &gt; 0.05) the LL muscle pH or colour. Conclusions The use of ground or extruded soybean did not affect the performance, carcass traits, LL protein, ether extract or ash composition, and had no impact on beef colour compared with the diet containing soybean meal. Processed whole soybeans in the diet did not increase unsaturated fatty acids or conjugated linoleic acid in beef compared with a diet without soybean meal. Implications Up to 20% of ground or extruded soybean in feedlot beef cattle can be used as a replacement for soybean meal and corn.

Inclusion to the diet of fattening pigs of Large White breed mineral additive

2021 ◽  
pp. 16-24
Author(s):  
N. A. Pozdnyakova ◽  
N. M. Kostomakhin
Keyword(s):  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Feed Additives ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Daily Growth ◽  
Natural Sorbents ◽  
Mineral Additive ◽  
The Absolute ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Fattening Pigs

The use of natural sorbents such as aluminosilicates in particular bentonite clays as feed additives is promising now. The diverse mineral composition of bentonites combined with sorbing, buff ering, ion exchange and other features of clay minerals suggest that the physical and chemical properties of clay provide a productive eff ect by activating the regulatory mechanisms of metabolism. The purpose of the work was to identify the infl uence of natural sorbents on the dynamics of live weight and average daily growth of piglets during the fattening period, to determine their meat productivity and meat quality. The biggest infl uence on the absolute gain in live weight over the entire period of fattening was the introduction of 3,5 % bentonite into the diet of piglets (2nd experimental group). This indicator for this group was 71,15 kg, which was 7,65 kg or 12,05 % more than the analogs of the control group. In animals of the 1st and 3rd experimental groups the absolute gain was higher than the control group by 2,98 and 4,93 kg or by 4,69 and 7,76 %, respectively. The average daily gain in live weight during the rearing period was signifi cantly higher in animals of the 2nd experimental group by 64 g or by 12,10 % (P < 0,05). The biggest pre-slaughter weight, the weight of the cooled carcass and the length of the carcass were in animals of the 2nd experimental group. Their indicators exceeded the control group by 5,74, 9,13 and 2,13 %, respectively. The total indicator of the slaughter traits in pigs is the slaughter yield, which was 2,30 % higher in the piglets of the 2nd experimental group than in the analogs of the control group (P < 0,05). It has been found that the introduction of bentonite from the Zyryansky deposit as a mineral additive to the diets of fattening pigs has a positive eff ect on the meat and fattening traits of pigs, the optimal dose should be considered 3,5 % of the weight of compound feed.

Effects of a synthetic growth hormone-releasing peptide on growth and carcass traits of pigs

1999 ◽  
Vol 132 (3) ◽  
pp. 347-350 ◽  
Author(s):  
I.-L. SHIH ◽  
H. TSAI ◽  
W.-J. JIANG ◽  
Y.-T. HUANG ◽  
T.-J. KOH
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Carcass Traits ◽  
Physiological Saline ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Saline Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Longissimus Muscle ◽  
Muscle Area

The current study was to determine the effects of growth hormone-releasing peptide ([His1, Lys6]-GHRP) on growth performance and carcass traits in pigs, and to determine whether the results were comparable to those of recombinant porcine growth hormone (r-PGH) treatment. Thirty Landrace and Yorkshire pigs (40–45 kg) were randomly divided into three groups, each group consisted of two boars, five gilts and three barrows. Peptides were administered daily by intramuscular injection with the following schemes and dosages: Group A ([His1, Lys6]-GHRP, 200 μg/day in 0·5 ml saline), Group B (r-PGH, 3 mg/day in 0·6 ml saline), and Group C (sterilized physiological saline, 0·5 ml/day). [His1, Lys6]-GHRP caused significant improvements both in pig growth and carcass traits. The average daily gain (ADG) and feed efficiency of the [His1, Lys6]-GHRP treated group were higher than those of the control, but less than with the r-PGH treatment. The net increase in the ADG by [His1, Lys6]-GHRP was c. 14%, and was 23% by r-PGH (both P<0·01). The feed efficiency was improved 17% by [His1, Lys6]-GHRP (P<0·01) and 20% by r-PGH (P<0·01). On the other hand, the back-fat thickness in both [His1, Lys6]-GHRP and r-PGH treated groups (1·76±0·041 cm and 1·72±0·040 cm, respectively) was considerably less (P<0·05) than that of the control group (1·81±0·040 cm). In addition, the lean cuts percentage and the rib longissimus muscle area were comparable in the [His1, Lys6]-GHRP and r-PGH treatments (lean cuts percentage: 57±2·0% and 57±1·5%, respectively; rib longissimus muscle area: 32·8±0·91 cm2 and 32·9±1·10 cm2, respectively), and both were significantly (P<0·05) greater than those of the control group (lean cuts percentage: 53±1·5%; rib longissimus muscle area: 28·3±1·61 cm2). In conclusion, [His1, Lys6]-GHRP appeared to be a promising tool for controlling carcass fat in pigs.

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