Cursed with Patriotism. The Educational Potential of Enslavement (Polish Society in the Russian Partition of Poland in the First Half of the 19th Century)

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara Jędrychowska
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Crucial Role ◽  
Civic Identity ◽  
Young Generation ◽  
National Education ◽  
The Enlightenment ◽  
Patriotic Education ◽  
Polish Society ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
Educational Potential

AbstractThe paper presents the educational space of Polish homes and schools during the Partitions of Poland, with emphasis on its crucial role in the process of integration of the young generation, the birth of solidarity among them, and shaping their national and civic identity. Especially the Enlightenment ideas of the Commission of National Education (Komisja Edukacji Narodowej – KEN) that were to be found in the course books of the Wilno Educational District from 1803 to 1832 made it possible to perpetuate the model of patriotic education originated in family homes.

Ashantis in Warsaw: Notions of “Blackness” in Polish Society at the Turn of the 20th Century – A Preparatory Contribution to Polish Colonial History

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agata Łuksza
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Cultural Practices ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
Human Condition ◽  
Colonial History ◽  
Polish Society ◽  
History Of ◽  
The 19Th Century

The author recognizes Włodzimierz Perzyński’s comedy Aszantka as a meaningful remnant of „blackness” in the history of Polish theatre, and therefore she uses it as a point of entrance into a broader inquiry about the entanglement of Polish society into European colonial project, and the ideas, values, and cultural practices it entailed. That is why in the article the author attempts to reconstruct possible concepts and images of “blackness” which Warsaw dwellers might have shared at the end of the 19th century by analysing the reception of the performances of alleged representatives of Ashanti people in the Warsaw circus in 1888. From “Ashanti” performances on, the popularity of this type of entertainment – so called ethnographic shows or human zoos – grew in the colonized capital of the Kingdom of Poland. The author points to “savageness” and “nakedness” as constitutive traits of “blackness” which she understands as a specific human condition, experienced both by overseas colonized societies as well as subaltern social groups (to which “Aszantka” from Perzyński’s comedy belonged) in European societies.

Orientalism in the Art Music of the Ionian Islands

2019 ◽  
pp. 296-317
Author(s):  
Kostas Kardamis
Keyword(s):  
Roman Empire ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Art Music ◽  
Ionian Islands ◽  
The Enlightenment ◽  
The 19Th Century

The Ionian Islands were at an early stage cut off from the Eastern Roman Empire, experienced the changes that came with the Renaissance, actively participated in the Enlightenment and were in contact with the multifarious ideologies of the 19th century. These factors transformed their art music, which followed the ‘western’ trends. In this context, ‘orientalism’ appeared as an additional creative element in certain indigenous composers’ works. Its use ranged from the stereotypical ‘western’ approach regarding the Orient to the employment of ‘oriental’ elements as media of political (especially during the struggles for the Islands’ annexation to the Greek Kingdom), national (as a conventional ‘Greek characteristic’) and social statements, and as a way for the works’ entrepreneurial promotion to a larger audience. The chapter discusses these changing—and often concurrent and diverging—attitudes through case studies; it stresses that ‘orientalism’ never became a compositional fixation for Ionian Islands composers.

Introduction

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. A. Bayly ◽  
Eugenio F. Biagini
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Crucial Role ◽  
River Ganges ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
Iconic Figure

This introductory chapter begins with a discussion of how Giuseppe Mazzini played a crucial role in popularizing the word ‘democracy’ in the 19th century, and how he remained an iconic figure whose memory was invoked as an analogical and conjunctural symbol by democrats, nationalists, humanitarians, and religious reformers from the River Plata to the River Ganges. It describes how Mazzini's deep, albeit ambiguous, unorthodox, and syncretistic religiosity was key to his success. The chapter also details the spread of Mazzini's influence, which followed the route of Italian political emigration and was later magnified through the British prism.

Consequences of changing expectations to law and its institutions

2015 ◽  
Vol 83 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 461-486
Author(s):  
Sören Koch
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Crucial Role ◽  
Historical Perspective ◽  
State Power ◽  
Legal Culture ◽  
Legal Order ◽  
Appellate Courts ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
The 19Th Century

The paper focuses on the reasons for and effects of the establishment of appellate courts in Norway. Based on the assumption that the introduction of an appellate system was caused by – and at the same time produced – expectations of law, the author reconstructs central features of the Norwegian legal order and its surrounding legal culture. By especially looking at the crucial role of the legal office of the lawman (lagmann), both in the development of the judicature in general and especially in the courts of appeal, the legacy of the medieval popular assembly (þing / ting) is traced back to its historical roots. The author identifies a close relationship between the increasing influence of state power, the demand for an effective judiciary and prevailing ideals of justice. The result was a not always intended but continuous professionalisation of the judges until the 19th century. The introduction of a jury – consisting of lay judges – appears on this background as aberration. However, as expectations on law had changed, the participation of lay judges had become a political desire in Norway from approximately 1830. To support this political claim the judiciary was restructured by applying a deeply unhistorical perception of the judiciary’s historical roots. Due to contradicting political tendencies it took about 60 years to finally establish the jury-system. Despite the fact that the institution of the jury was constantly criticized by legal scientists and legal practitioners alike and despite losing its political backing already decades ago, it still continues to exist. Obviously, the romantic notion of folks-courts still has not lost its attraction jet. The paper demonstrates that this notion is – seen from a historical perspective – unsustainable.


Infectious thinking: the pathophysiology of 19th-century pedagogy

2020 ◽  
pp. medhum-2019-011827
Author(s):  
Jonathan Franklin
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Working Class ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Medical Doctor ◽  
Training System ◽  
National Education ◽  
Modern School ◽  
System A ◽  
The Government ◽  
The 19Th Century

Systems for improving public health and organisations for providing national education were two of the great reforming achievements of 19th-century Britain. Despite the overlapping personnel and historical contemporaneity, scholars have rarely considered the two projects in tandem. This essay shows that developments in public health were at the heart of two foundational moments in the rise of 19th-century mass schooling. The originators of the monitorial system, a method of peer-educating working-class children cheaply that dominated British mass schooling at the turn of the 19th century, were deeply invested in the origin and spread of vaccination. Similarly, the first state teacher training system was conceived by a medical doctor in the 1830s, who first rose to prominence investigating cholera in Manchester earlier in the decade. Using archives of school providers, training institutions and the educational state apparatus, I show that medical prophylactic interventions of vaccination and sanitary reform helped galvanise the government into educational reform, by imagining the working class as pathological and providing templates for their palliation. By showing that the roots of the modern school system were deeply imbricated in attempts to combat smallpox and cholera, both in form and in epistemology, this paper argue that critical medical humanists should consider the role of epidemiological thinking in institutions and disciplines which seem, on first sight, removed from the clinic and the lab.

scholarly journals James Bond a dylematy tożsamościowe Brytyjczyków – kultura popularna a kształtowanie tożsamości narodowej

1970 ◽  
pp. 85-105
Author(s):  
Daria Hejwosz-Gromkowska
Keyword(s):  
Popular Culture ◽  
National Identity ◽  
Crucial Role ◽  
Young Generation ◽  
James Bond ◽  
British Identity ◽  
National Symbols ◽  
Patriotic Education

The author assumes that popular culture plays a powerful role in the process of socialization of young generation. The author tries to present that the conventional national symbols are being replaced by pop symbols and thus become the sources of national identity. The concepts of banal nationalism put forward by Michael Billig or Tim Enderson’s idea of everyday life’s practices in the development of national identity are being used. In the text, the phenomenon of James Bond is used to analyze the contemporary debates on British identity (Britishness). The author assumes that James Bond is a great example of Englishness that serves as a complex manifestation of a British hero which may, in turn, play a crucial role in political, civic, and patriotic education.

scholarly journals HISTORICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF THE IMAGE OF THE KAZAN VIRGIN IN THE EDUCATION OF SPIRITUALITY, MORALITY, AND PATRIOTISM

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 682-686
Author(s):  
Ramil Ravilovich Khairutdinov ◽  
Alexander Vladimirovich Morozov ◽  
Flera Gabdulbarovna Mukhametzyanova ◽  
Elena Alexandrovna Venidiktova ◽  
Alexander Sergeevich Chugunov
Keyword(s):  
Civic Identity ◽  
Ordinary People ◽  
National Education ◽  
Historical Significance ◽  
Russian State ◽  
Modern System ◽  
Teachers And Students ◽  
Patriotic Education ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Educational Component

Purpose: The article presents an analysis of the historical values and roles of the Kazan Virgin in the formation and development of the Russian state, the spiritual, moral and patriotic education of citizens and, above all, the younger generation of the country through the prism of the modern socio-cultural situation. Methodology: The study implemented the principle of consistency, the principle of objectivity, the principle of the subject-subject approach. Result: The Kazan Icon of Holy Virgin, the significance of which cannot be overestimated, is a very strong image that has protected the Russian land from foreign invaders from time immemorial. Not only ordinary people prayed to her, but also princes, kings. Particular emphasis is placed on the consideration of the educational component in the modern system of national education, the formation and development of appropriate values and orientations of students, systems of spiritual and moral values, civic identity, the place of spirituality and spiritual culture in the personality structure. The authors substantiate the importance of the image of the Kazan Virgin in solving the problem of spiritual, moral and patriotic education of the population. Applications: This research can be used for universities, teachers, and students. Novelty/Originality: In this research, the model of Historical Significance of the Image of the Kazan Virgin in the Education of Spirituality, Morality, and Patriotism is presented in a comprehensive and complete manner.

scholarly journals Filozoficzno-historyczne zaplecze etyki biznesu

2018 ◽  
pp. 151-179
Author(s):  
Paweł Więckowski
Keyword(s):  
Roman Empire ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Social Contract ◽  
The Enlightenment ◽  
European Culture ◽  
History Of ◽  
History Of Culture ◽  
The 19Th Century

The text describes different philosophical concepts and historically important cultural phenomena that should be considered while rethinking ethical side of business. Broad range of both philosophical (such as the search for the foundations of morality, social contract) and social subjects (such as history of centralized state, individualism) is presented to help the reflections. The background for analysis is the history of culture, especially of primary collective society; contrasted with it is individualism of classical Athens with corresponding reaction of philosophers; development of state and Christianity in Roman Empire; organismic medieval state; Renaissance, reformation and the birth of capitalism; the Enlightenment breakthrough and English capitalism; liberalism and Darwinism of the 19th century; the catastrophe of European culture and success of America of the 20th century.

scholarly journals Between the old and the new : Friedrich Gentz, 1764-1832

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Ardis Travis Eakin
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
French Revolution ◽  
Edmund Burke ◽  
The Political ◽  
Early 19Th Century ◽  
Revolutionary Era ◽  
The Enlightenment ◽  
Political Impact ◽  
Revolutionary Ideology ◽  
The 19Th Century

This dissertation reviews the life and political impact of Friedrich Gentz, who was born in Breslau, Prussia, in 1764, and died in Vienna, Austria, in 1832. Though remembered today as only a second- (or even third)- tier statesman alongside such luminaries of his day as Napoleon, Metternich, Wellington, and others, Gentz was nonetheless of importance in the shifting tides of late 18th and early 19th-century politics in Europe. The German translator of Edmund Burke, he was instrumental in bringing the conservative thinker's ideas into the conversations of Central Europe, while his writings against first the French Revolution, then Napoleon, marked him as one of the leading opponents of revolutionary ideology, and led the French emperor to dub him "that miserable scribe." But Gentz was important even beyond his anti-revolutionary polemics. As a product of the Enlightenment, he had some sympathy with the forces of modernity, and his career reflected the struggle to combine an openness to reform with hostility to revolution. In his later collaboration with Metternich to forge what became known as the Restoration, we can see just how much the post-Napoleonic conservative order in Europe was built upon a specific vision, one that rejected the quasi-feudal patterns of the ancien regime just as firmly as it did the democratic radicalism of its own day. Though it ultimately did not last, Gentz's work is clearly visible in the political contours of the 19th century. From the Enlightenment salons of Berlin to the dazzling Congress of Vienna and beyond, Between the Old and the New traces the eventful career of one of the most interesting men of letters in Revolutionary-era Europe.

scholarly journals CONTINUITY AND CHANGE OF THE ISLAMIC INTELLECTUAL DISCOURSE IN INDONESIA MALAY WORLD

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 147-166
Author(s):  
Nor Huda
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
16Th Century ◽  
Young Generation ◽  
Historical Approach ◽  
Intellectual Discourse ◽  
Continuity And Change ◽  
Religious Vision ◽  
Strong Difference ◽  
Islamic Thought ◽  
The 19Th Century

In its history, there has been a strong difference between the doctrine of Sufism and the philosophical Sufism, including Indonesia. In the period of the end of the 16th century until the end of the 19th century even the emergence of the beginning of Islamic intellectualism in Indonesia was brilliantly marked by monumental works. Then, in the era of the 1970s, the discourse of renewing Islamic thought was increasingly being studied. The young generation of educated Muslims in this decade has shown a tendency towards thinking that is no longer normative in view of religion. Very different in the era of mystical and sufistic Islam. So, they tend to be more interested in Islamic understanding based on empirical and historical approaches in the formation of their religious vision. In this paper, a philosophical historical approach will be discussed on the issue of continuity and change in Islamic intellectual discourse in the Malay world of Indonesia and at the same time analyzing broader mystical and philosophical mysticism in Indonesia, friction in it, and efforts to reconcile it.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document