Contribution of Agricultural Field Production to Emission of Greenhouse Gases (Ghg)

Abstract According to global inventories the agricultural field production contributes in a significant measure to increase of concentration of greenhouse gases (CO2, N2O, CH4) in the atmosphere, however their estimated data of emissions of soil origin differ significantly. Particularly estimates on nitrogen-oxides emissions show a great temporal and spatial variability while their formations in microbial processes are strongly influenced by biogeochemical and physical properties of the soil (eg microbial species, soil texture, soil water, pH, redox-potential and nutrient status) and land use management through the impact of the application of natural and synthetic fertilisers, tillage, irrigation, compaction, planting and harvesting. The different monitoring systems and inventory models were developed mostly from atmospheric chemistry point of view and little comprehensive data exist on the processes related to GHG emissions and their productions in agricultural soils under ecological conditions of Central Europe. This paper presents the new results of a project aimed elaboration of an experimental system suitable for studying relationships between the production and emission of greenhouse gases and plant nutrition supply in agricultural soils under Hungarian ecological conditions. The system was based on a long-term fertilisation field experiment. Mesocosm size pot experiments were conducted with soils originating from differently treated plots. The production of CO2 and N2O was followed during the vegetation period in gas traps built in 20 cm depth. Undisturbed soil columns were prepared from the untreated side parcels of the field experiment and the production of CO2 and N2O was studied at 20, 40 and 60 cm depth. A series of laboratory microcosm experiments were performed to clarify the microbial and environmental effects influencing the gas production in soils. The CO2 and N2O were determined by gas chromatography. The NOx was detected by chemiluminescence method in headspace of microcosms. In the mesocosm and soil columns experiments influence of plant nutrition methods and environmental factors was successfully clarified on seasonal dynamics and depth profile on CO2 and N2O productions. The database developed is suitable for estimating CO2 and N2O emissions from agricultural soils.

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Modelling E. coli transport in soil columns: simulation of wastewater reuse in agriculture

Water Science & Technology ◽

10.2166/wst.2008.205 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 57 (7) ◽

pp. 1123-1129 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Edward Smith ◽

Aimen Badawy

Keyword(s):

Agricultural Soils ◽

Chemical Properties ◽

Breakthrough Curves ◽

Transport Processes ◽

Treated Wastewater ◽

Reclaimed Wastewater ◽

Soil Columns ◽

Local Conditions ◽

E Coli ◽

The Impact

Transport of E. coli bacteria was investigated in laboratory soil columns for three Egyptian agricultural soils, with aim toward determining a set of site specific criteria for safe and sustainable use of treated wastewater in irrigation in Egypt. In particular, the impacts of varying soil type and hydraulic loading rate (HLR) on E. coli effluent breakthrough curves were examined in the laboratory and simulated using the CXTFIT package to solve a one-dimensional mass transport equation that included advection, dispersion, adsorption, and straining/filtration. The attempt was made to measure the coefficients associated with each mass transfer process from independent experiments. The HLR used in irrigation was found to exert considerable influence on the impact of transport processes on E. coli breakthrough. At low HLRs, adsorption and straining/filtration are significant in addition to advection and dispersion. However, at high HLRs approaching flood irrigation, E. coli is essentially unaffected by reaction processes, with breakthrough a function of advection and dispersion only. Estimating Kdvia independent batch experiments did not provide a suitable description of adsorption of E. coli in soil columns. To ensure safe and sustainable reuse of reclaimed wastewater in irrigation, guidelines should account for physical and chemical properties of the soil and other local conditions that may impact residual contaminant transport.

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The impact of pristine and modified rice straw biochar on the emission of greenhouse gases from a red acidic soil

Environmental Research ◽

10.1016/j.envres.2022.112676 ◽

2022 ◽

pp. 112676

Author(s):

Muhammad Numan Khan ◽

Dongchu Li ◽

Asad Shah ◽

Jing Huang ◽

Lu Zhang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Greenhouse Gases ◽

Rice Straw ◽

Acidic Soil ◽

Rice Straw Biochar ◽

The Impact ◽

Emission Of Greenhouse Gases

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Global Warming and Its Multiple Causes

Journal of Atmospheric Science Research ◽

10.30564/jasr.v3i2.2013 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 3 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Romdhane Ben Slama

Keyword(s):

Global Warming ◽

Greenhouse Gases ◽

Greenhouse Effect ◽

Infrared Radiation ◽

Fossil Fuels ◽

Ambient Air ◽

The Earth ◽

The One ◽

Heat Released ◽

Emission Of Greenhouse Gases

The global warming which preoccupies humanity, is still considered to be linked to a single cause which is the emission of greenhouse gases, CO2 in particular. In this article, we try to show that, on the one hand, the greenhouse effect (the radiative imprisonment to use the scientific term) took place in conjunction with the infrared radiation emitted by the earth. The surplus of CO2 due to the combustion of fossil fuels, but also the surplus of infrared emissions from artificialized soils contribute together or each separately, to the imbalance of the natural greenhouse effect and the trend of global warming. In addition, another actor acting directly and instantaneously on the warming of the ambient air is the heat released by fossil fuels estimated at 17415.1010 kWh / year inducing a rise in temperature of 0.122 ° C, or 12.2 ° C / century.

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The Impact of Biochar on the Soil

Revista de Chimie ◽

10.37358/rc.18.8.6498 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 69 (8) ◽

pp. 2197-2208

Author(s):

Carmen Otilia Rusanescu ◽

Erol Murad ◽

Cosmin Jinescu ◽

Marin Rusanescu

Keyword(s):

Agricultural Land ◽

Agricultural Soils ◽

Biomass Gasification ◽

High Humidity ◽

Agricultural Ecosystems ◽

Productive Potential ◽

Co2 Balance ◽

Environmentally Sound ◽

The Impact ◽

Organic Resources

In the present paper are presented the experimental results of biomass gasification, the biochair was produced from vineyards by controlled pyrolysis at 750 �C, in order to increase the fertility of soils, it was found the increase of the fertility produced by the development of the vegetables in the soil to which was added biochar. Soil was added to soil 4 g/dm3 biochar, 8 g/dm3 biochar, the soil had no high humidity, was taken at a time when it had not rained for at least one week, the soil pH was 8, in the soil with 8 g/dm3 biochar the plants increased compared to the soil with 4 g/dm3 and the soil without biochar. The biochar resulting from pyrolysis and gasification processes is a valuable amendment to agricultural soils and an efficient and economical way to seize carbon. Using biochar it is possible to increase the diversity of agricultural land in an environmentally sound way in areas with depleted soils, limited organic resources and insufficient water for development. Helps to soil carbon sequestration with negative CO2 balance, increases the productive potential of agricultural ecosystems.

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Evaluation the effect of the ambient temperature on the liquid petroleum gas transportation pipeline

Chemical Product and Process Modeling ◽

10.1515/cppm-2021-0024 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 0 (0) ◽

Author(s):

Ammar Ali Abd ◽

Samah Zaki Naji ◽

Ching Thian Tye ◽

Mohd Roslee Othman

Keyword(s):

Energy Consumption ◽

Greenhouse Gases ◽

Ambient Temperature ◽

Phase Change ◽

Liquid State ◽

Pump Energy ◽

Compressible Liquid ◽

Liquefied Petroleum Gas ◽

Efficient Design ◽

The Impact

Abstract Liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) plays a major role in worldwide energy consumption as a clean source of energy with low greenhouse gases emission. LPG transportation is exhibited through networks of pipelines, maritime, and tracks. LPG transmission using pipeline is environmentally friendly owing to the low greenhouse gases emission and low energy requirements. This work is a comprehensive evaluation of transportation petroleum gas in liquid state and compressible liquid state concerning LPG density, temperature and pressure, flow velocity, and pump energy consumption under the impact of different ambient temperatures. Inevitably, the pipeline surface exchanges heat between LPG and surrounding soil owing to the temperature difference and change in elevation. To prevent phase change, it is important to pay attention for several parameters such as ambient temperature, thermal conductivity of pipeline materials, soil type, and change in elevation for safe, reliable, and economic transportation. Transporting LPG at high pressure requests smaller pipeline size and consumes less energy for pumps due to its higher density. Also, LPG transportation under moderate or low pressure is more likely exposed to phase change, thus more thermal insulation and pressure boosting stations required to maintain the phase envelope. The models developed in this work aim to advance the existing knowledge and serve as a guide for efficient design by underling the importance of the mentioned parameters.

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Emission of greenhouse gases from Indian wetlands: an overview

Tropical Ecology ◽

10.1007/s42965-021-00165-2 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

S. A. Abbasi ◽

C. Dhanuja ◽

Tasneem Abbasi

Keyword(s):

Greenhouse Gases ◽

Emission Of Greenhouse Gases

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Three doors anomaly, “should I stay, or should I go”: an artefactual field experiment

Theory and Decision ◽

10.1007/s11238-021-09809-0 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Andrea Morone ◽

Rocco Caferra ◽

Alessia Casamassima ◽

Alessandro Cascavilla ◽

Paola Tiranzoni

Keyword(s):

Field Experiment ◽

Experimental Evidence ◽

Bayesian Updating ◽

Anomalous Behavior ◽

Status Quo ◽

Experimental Results ◽

Illusion Of Control ◽

Optimal Decision ◽

Status Quo Bias ◽

The Impact

AbstractThis work aims to identify and quantify the biases behind the anomalous behavior of people when they deal with the Three Doors dilemma, which is a really simple but counterintuitive game. Carrying out an artefactual field experiment and proposing eight different treatments to isolate the anomalies, we provide new interesting experimental evidence on the reasons why subjects fail to take the optimal decision. According to the experimental results, we are able to quantify the size and the impact of three main biases that explain the anomalous behavior of participants: Bayesian updating, illusion of control and status quo bias.

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