scholarly journals Basic density and crown parameters of forest forming species within Steppe zone in Ukraine

2018 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 82-91
Author(s):  
Svitlana Sytnyk ◽  
Viktoriia Lovynska ◽  
Petro Lakyda ◽  
Katerina Maslikova
Keyword(s):  
Scots Pine ◽  
Prediction Models ◽  
Black Locust ◽  
Robinia Pseudoacacia ◽  
Basic Density ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Tree Crown ◽  
Crown Volume ◽  
Branch Biomass ◽  
Crown Characteristics

Abstract The parameters of wood density (WD), bark density (BD) and tree crown characteristics are not only important for estimation of the aboveground biomass, but they also serve as indicators for the timber quality. This study had two objectives: Black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia L.) – an introduced species; Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) – an aboriginal species. Black locust and Scots pine from the Steppe zone in Ukraine were compared in their WD and BD, and in the morphological parameters of their tree crowns. There were determined basic WD and BD for differently aged individuals of Black locust and Scots pine. Generally, a higher WD was found for Black locust trees. The average Black locust WD was 518 kg m−3, ranging from 375 kg m−3 to 612 kg m−3; with the average BD – 294 kg m−3, ranging from 214 kg m−3 to 421 kg m−3. The average Scots pine WD was 414 kg m−3, ranging from 254 to 491 kg m−3; with average BD – 317 kg m−3, ranging from 178 to 433 kg m−3. The dependences between WD, BD and biometric tree parameters were identified by correlation analysis. The crown diameter for Black locust and Scots pine was described with fixed prediction models. We proposed particular equations for relationships between foliage biomass and branch biomass, derived from the crown volume of the investigated species.

The basic density stems of the main wood species in the forest stands within northern steppe of Ukraine

2016 ◽  
Vol 27 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 27-34
Author(s):  
S. A. Sytnyk ◽  
V. M. Lovynska ◽  
K. P. Maslikova
Keyword(s):  
Wood Density ◽  
Scots Pine ◽  
Black Locust ◽  
Robinia Pseudoacacia ◽  
Basic Density ◽  
Maximum Diameter ◽  
Model Trees ◽  
Trend Line ◽  
Minimum Value ◽  
Maximum Value

The goal of this research is determination the values average basic wood’s density in the bark of Pinus silvestrys (Scots pine) and Robinia pseudoacacia (black locust). It is established the depending of searching parameter from the main biometric characteristics of trees such as age, diameter of the trunk on the height 1.3 m (d1,3) and height (h) of the trees. The experimental data to determine basic wood density obtained on the thirty temporary plots (sample), where were felled thirty model trees and carried out their evaluation by the fraction. The basic wood’s density in the bark was analyzed according to the main biometric indexes the model trees: age, diameter and height of tree. For the studied species, both for Scots pine, and black locust noted the gradual increase the average basic wood’s density in the bark with growing age of the trees. Thus, for Scots pine fixed the minimum value (245 kg·(m3)-1) of basic wood’s density for the sample in the youngest age, and then recorded the temperate increase this parameter. The maximum value fixed for the oldest sample  (90 years). By analyzing of the change average basic wood density in the bark of black locust found that the maximum value of this index (605 kg·(m3)-1) was recorded for trees in the age 84 years that belonging to the overmature age group, while the minimum value (438 kg·(m3)-1) have the trees in the age 30 years. The distinctions in the value of the average basic density are 27.6%. More high value of basic wood’s density in the bark have the black locust sample compared with Scots pine. The percentage difference between the maximum value of both investigated species is 22.5%. The average basic wood’s density is characterized by increasing type with the age. It was observed both for Scots pine, and black locust. The established dependence of changes of wood basic density of black locust can be related with the proportionate changes in parenchyme tissue and structural elements of xylem vessels. The value of the average basic wood’s density increases with growing diameter at breast height and reaching the maximum values 439–469 kg·(m3)-1) in the Scots pine sample with diameters from 24.3 to 26.1 cm, and then decline. The absolute value of the average basic wood density in the bark is characterized by the significant variation relative to the trend line. The average basic wood’s density in the bark depending on the height tree. The highest index (469 kg·(м3)-1) established for the sample with a height of 22.3 m. Within these altitudes are concentrated the highest values ​​of the studied parameter. Analyzing the data in another study species (black locust) it should be noted that the basic wood’s density in the bark is the constant value. There is observed a few variation of the values ​​of basic wood’s density in bark relative trend line. This fact can be explained by the different age of the sample of Robinia pseudoacacia and its impact on the basic wood’s density in the bark. Thus, this index gradually increases with the aged trees and with the increase diameter and height and then decreases for trees with a maximum diameter (27.4 and 28.6 cm) and height (21.6 and 22 7 m). The maximum value the basic wood’s dencity in the bark (605 kg·(m3)-1) fixed for the sample black locust with a height 24 m and the diameter 15.7 cm. The results of correlation analysis shown the close correlation between the value average wood’s density in the bark both for black locust, and Scots pine with a diameter 1.3 m and height of trees. All correlation coefficients of basic wood’s density in the bark for both studied species with the diameter and height of trees, or else the density of these indexes have a direct relationship. Closely (r = +0,61+0,62) correlation found for basic wood’s density in the bark for Scots pine with height trees, while for black locust the closely correlation  found with both studied biometric parameters as for diameter and height. The average wood’s density in the bark of Scots pine is a few weak (r = +0,55), but significant correlation with stem diameter. Overall, the studied parameters change with the diameter and height of the trunk and depend on the age of the tree. Identified laws allow to establish of the mathematic depends for assessing components of biomass stem. It is necessary to study the biological productivity of forests.

scholarly journals Nature-oriented potential resource and melliferous value of forest belts in steppe agro-forest landscapes

2018 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 99-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irina Samsonova ◽  
Anatoly Gryazkin ◽  
Natalia Belyaeva ◽  
Vladimir Belyaev ◽  
Vitaliy Petrik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Fixation ◽  
Black Locust ◽  
Robinia Pseudoacacia ◽  
Mixed Forest ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Oxygen Production ◽  
Local Conditions ◽  
Climatic Regions ◽  
Forest Belts ◽  
Potential Resource

Abstract Creation of forest shelterbelts in steppe zone is important because they allow to obtain the highest yields of grains of cereals where the area of the most favorable conditions for growth is formed in comparison with many other soil-climatic regions. Melliferous and pollen production value of lands changes as a result of anthropic landscape conversion from agrarian to forest agrarian. There are a lot of melliferous trees and shrubs in forest belts; some of them have been introduced from the other floristic regions and are well naturalised in the local conditions. Nature-oriented potential resource of forest belts is in carbon deposition and oxygen production by phytomass of the main species. The aim of the research is to evaluate the bioresource potential of forest belts in the conditions of steppe agrarian landscapes. Bioresource potential (Brp) of forests for honey supply in the region was defined according to the distribution of species in the area. Potential honey stock of melliferous lands, represented by forest stands was assigned according to their area, given by the Forestry Department of Rostov region, and the average normative honey productivity of 1 ha of these crops. The number of beehives (N) necessary for honey supply that use ½ of bioresource forest potential was calculated according to the need of a bee family in honey per year. Value of nature-oriented resource of black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia) stands was defined according to the amount of oxygen produced and carbon deposed. Pure and mixed forest belts with the share of black locust from 60 to 80% (335.0–494.5 kg/ha) in composition with ash (Fraxinus sp.), Norway maple, Siberian elm (Ulmus pumila), apricot and dense structure of honey suckle and Siberian pea tree underbrush have the highest productivity. The total volume of possible honey yield from forest belts of agro-forest landscapes in the studied region is 26,379.8 t. Maximum indices of carbon fixation and oxygen production are observed in the maturing stands of black locust, and the largest honey stock dominate in average age stands and are 3,755,000 t, 10,288,000 t and 25,200 t, respectively. The role of the whole system in the increase of landscape honey productivity and formation of forage conveyor for bees and enthomophages might be much more if the recommended assortment of the best melliferous and pollen bearing species would be more completely used when forest belts are created.

scholarly journals Impact of Tree Age and Size on Selected Properties of Black Locust (Robinia pseudoacacia L.) Wood

Forests ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 634
Author(s):  
Szymon Bijak ◽  
Hubert Lachowicz
Keyword(s):  
Compression Strength ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Black Locust ◽  
Robinia Pseudoacacia ◽  
Basic Density ◽  
Ring Width ◽  
Tree Age ◽  
Dry Density ◽  
Robinia Pseudoacacia L ◽  
The Impact

Black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia L.) is a non-native tree species that occupies a remarkable area in the forests of western Poland. It is mainly cultivated for the bee-keeping purposes as well as for its high quality wood. We investigated the impact of tree age and diameter on the selected structural, physical and mechanical attributes of wood of black locust that grows in conditions of mesic oligotrophic site. We analysed 200 samples originating from 18 trees that varied with age (38, 60 and 71 years old) and diameter (thin, medium and thick specimen selected according to Hartig’s method). Individual wood properties were determined along with corresponding European or Polish standards. Structural and mechanical attributes were determined for moisture of 12%. We found significant impact of tree age on tree-ring width, latewood proportion, density, oven-dry density, basic density, share of woody substance, porosity, as well as radial, tangential, longitudinal and volumetric shrinkage, compression strength parallel to grain, static bending, coefficient of compression strength parallel to grain and coefficient of static bending. The older the trees, the higher values of individual attributes were observed. In turn, the effect of tree diameter was less profound and no significant impact of that feature was found for latewood proportion, anisotropy and almost all of the shrinkage parameters. Thin trees exhibited the lowest values of the analysed parameters, while medium ones—the highest. In general, the highest technical quality of the investigated wood can be found in the youngest trees, whose wood characterises with the properties significantly exceeding native Polish tree species such as oak or beech.

scholarly journals PHYTOTOMASS OF ROBINIA PSEUDOACACIA L. TRUNK COMPONENTS IN THE PLANTED BLACK LOCUST STANDS WITHIN NORTHERN STEPPE ZONE OF UKRAINE

2018 ◽  
pp. 141-147
Author(s):  
S. A. Sytnyk
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Strong Correlation ◽  
Black Locust ◽  
Robinia Pseudoacacia ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Constant Height ◽  
Dry Conditions ◽  
Robinia Pseudoacacia L ◽  
Three Factor

The results of simulation of the above-ground phytomass of the components of Black locust tree trunks in the planted stands within the Northern Steppe zone of Ukraine are presented. Correlation and statistical analyses of the data set from model trees were carried out. A reliable strong correlation between the formation of the trunk timber volume and the volume of the trunk in the bark and the values of the diameter of the trunk and the height of the trees were established. The mathematical dependences for estimating the volume of the black locust trunk fractions, namely, the volume of the trunk timber, the volume of the trunk bark and the volume of the trunk in the bark, were developed as two- and three-factor mathematical models. The graphical interpretation of changes in the trunk volume in the bark of trees at the constant height was presented under the developed mathematical model. The results of the development of normative support for evaluation of components of the trunk phytomass in freshly cut and absolutely dry conditions were given.

scholarly journals Stem production of Scots pine and black locust stands in Ukraine’s Northern Steppe

2019 ◽  
Vol 65 (No. 12) ◽  
pp. 461-471
Author(s):  
Viktoriia Lovynska ◽  
Petro Lakyda ◽  
Svitlana Sytnyk ◽  
Ivan Lakyda ◽  
Yuriy Gritzan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Scots Pine ◽  
Black Locust ◽  
Robinia Pseudoacacia ◽  
Stand Density ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Stem Wood ◽  
Live Biomass ◽  
Robinia Pseudoacacia L ◽  
Factor Regression ◽  
Stem Production

Abstract: The research paper presents the results of the assessment of the annual stem production of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) and black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia L.) stands within the Northern Steppe of Ukraine. The research team has developed two- and three-factor regression models for assessing the live biomass stocks for the fractions of the wood and bark of the stems of the Scots pine and black locust stands. The paper also presents the dependences of the live biomass of the components of the stems of the stands on their selected biometric parameters. The direct positive correlation between the fractions of the wood, bark, and stem in total with the factors of age, mean diameter, mean height and stand density for both the studied species has been identified. The results include the distribution of the total stem production of the Scots pine and black locust stands by the state forestry enterprises of the Dnipro region. The mean annual stem production of Scots pine is characterised by lower values (stem wood –2.91 t·ha<sup>–1</sup>·yr<sup>–1</sup>, stem bark –0.38 t·ha<sup>–1</sup>·yr<sup>–1</sup>) compared with the investigated species – black locust with the stem wood 4.94 t·ha<sup>–1</sup>·yr<sup>–1</sup> and stem bark 1.70 t·ha<sup>–1</sup>·yr<sup>–1</sup>.

scholarly journals Analysis of the parameters of the assimilation component of aboveground biomass of forest-forming species in the steppe zone of Ukraine

2016 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
S. A. Sytnyk ◽  
V. M. Lovynska ◽  
Y. I. Gritsan ◽  
K. P. Maslikova
Keyword(s):  
Scots Pine ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Extreme Values ◽  
Black Locust ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Tree Age ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Trend Line ◽  
Trunk Diameter ◽  
Range Of Values

The purpose this research is to study the parameters of leaf (needle) share in the trees’ greenery fraction and the content of absolutely dry matter in fresh leaves of black locust and Scots pine. The leaf (needle) share in the trees greenery fraction and the content of absolutely dry matter were determined by their quantitative measures (weight and volume). The results of the research reveal that the leaf share in the structure of a tree’s greenery fraction has a broad range of values: 43.0–72.8% for black locust and 49.1–75.4% for Scots pine. The minimum value of this parameter was recorded for an overmature Robinia specimen of 41 years of age, while the maximum was for a 3-year-old tree. For pine trees the lowest values of the given parameter were registered for the spcimens aged 38, 49 and 84, the maximum – for 30–31-year-old trees. For both investigated species it should be noted that there is a consistent pattern indicated by the following trend line: with the increase of tree age, height and trunk diameter, there is a decrease of leaf share value in the trees’ greenery fraction. Such characteristic parameter as absolutely dry mass has a sufficient range of values from 0.321 to 0.524, with the extreme values for the trees belonging to the young stock group in the case of the black locust. The absolutely dry matter content in Scots pine needles showed a significant variability of values from 0.426 to 0.620. The trend line shows a tendency of increase in the value of absolutely dry matter mass in the leaves of both investigated species with the increase in the values of the tree taxation parameters. There is no statistically proven dependency of the parameter indicating leaf share in the trees greenery fraction on the age, trunk diameter and height of trees. The most important biometric indicator, which shows a moderate relationship with the greenery fraction of a tree is the average diameter of the trunk of model trees of the two studied species. This is confirmed by values of correlation coefficients. The indicator of greenery fraction is inversely dependent on the height, trunk diameter and tree age, i.e. the increase in the values of these parameters leads to the decrease in the share of the photosynthetic active component of  trees of the studied tree species in the steppe zone. The value of leaf (needle) share in trees’ greenery fraction decreases with the increasing age, height and diameter values, which is quite natural. Correlation indices of absolutely dry matter according to age, height and diameter of sample trees have negative values, while the index of leaf (needle) share of trees’ greenery fraction has a direct correlation with all the studied influence factors. 

scholarly journals Climatogenic reaction of Robinia pseudoacacia and Pinus sylvestris within Northern Steppe of Ukraine

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-20
Author(s):  
Y. I. Gritsan ◽  
S. A. Sytnyk ◽  
V. M. Lovynska ◽  
I. I. Tkalich
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Sylvestris ◽  
Scots Pine ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Black Locust ◽  
Meteorological Factors ◽  
Robinia Pseudoacacia ◽  
Lower Sensitivity ◽  
Radial Increment ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Time Periods

Climatic changes in the environment are becoming more noticeable each year. Nonetheless, trends in the reaction of radial growth of forest trees to climate change should be studied in different climatic regions due to significant local variability in climatic conditions which are specific for any particular area. We conducted a correlation analysis of the relationship between the parameters of radial increment of black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia L.) and Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) and meteorological factors of the environment in forest areas located in thenorthern steppe zone of Ukraine. We performed surveys in plantations of black locust, growing in hill slope and interfluve areas and also in sandy terrace plots of Scots pine. Over the period of intense vegetatative growth, black locust requires moisture 50% higher than the norm, and Scots pine 43% higher than the norm. It was determined that maximum increment for the studied plants occurred under the influence of a combination of factors involving reduction of the air temperature by 2.6–2.7 °С below the norm for black locust and by 2.3–2.5 °С for Scots pine. During the period of lower vegetative activity, Scots pine demonstrated lower sensitivity compared to black locust. This paper provides a statistical characteristic of the radial increment of trees in the conditions of changes in meteorological factors which limit their growth. The article provides data on multiple correlation of radial increment of the tree stands in relation to growth locations; demonstrates correlation dependency of radial increment of the studied trees on the precipitation and mean monthly temperatures over different time periods and during particular months. Radial increment of Scots pine exhibited most positive correlation with the total of precipitations throughout the period. For the stands of black locust, correlation coefficients were higher and distinguished by both positive and negative values. In the current increment of this species, a negative correlation relation was observed with the total precipitation in July, August and September, and positive correlation with the remaining months of the year. By contrast, radial increment of black locust and Scots pine positively correlated with air temperature during all time periods and particular months.

Vergleichende Untersuchungen zum Brandverhalten der Borken von Föhre, Lärche und Robinie | Comparative studies on the firing behaviour of the bark of Scots pine, larch and black locust

2003 ◽  
Vol 154 (10) ◽  
pp. 415-419
Author(s):  
Carlo Centonze ◽  
Sebastian Baum ◽  
Peter Niemz
Keyword(s):  
Scots Pine ◽  
Black Locust ◽  
Robinia Pseudoacacia ◽  
Temperature Pattern ◽  
Good Opportunity ◽  
Coefficient Of Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Physical Density ◽  
Higher Temperature ◽  
Burn Through ◽  
Density Scale

During firing experiments on the bark of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris), larch (Larix decidua) and black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia) the temperature pattern was determined for the duration of the firing phase and the cooling-down phase in two measuring depths (8 mm and 12 mm). Additionally several wood physical (density, coefficient of thermal conductivity for varying temperatures) and anatomical (structure, cell wall / lumen ratio) properties were ascertained and the burning progress as well as the carbonisation documented. The temperature pattern showed a strong correlation between the burn-through-time and the density of the bark. Strong distinctions were apparent among the tree species. Black locust, with its very homogeneous and low density scale-fibre bark,showed a much steeper temperature pattern with a considerably higher temperature maximum than the scale bark of the conifers. The almost linear and slightly delayed temperature pattern in the pine bark might indicate a good opportunity for a possible industrial utilisation.

Some Tree Growth – Wood Property Relationships of Eucalypts

1975 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 424-432 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. E. Nicholson ◽  
W. E. Hillis ◽  
N. Ditchburne
Keyword(s):  
Wood Property ◽  
Basic Density ◽  
Wood Properties ◽  
Reaction Wood ◽  
Growth Strain ◽  
Fiber Structure ◽  
Tree Crown ◽  
Stem Form ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Longitudinal Growth Strain

The relationship between level of longitudinal growth strain and stress, modulus of elasticity, basic density, volumetric shrinkage, fiber classification, and stem form was investigated with 10 Eucalyptusregnans regrowth trees. Close relationships were observed. It is suggested that variations in these properties within trees are closely controlled, possibly to enable optimum positioning of the tree crown in relation to its immediate environment. The concept of fiber structure varying as a response to environment is supported by the observed variation in wood properties within and between trees of this species. The often-reported association between eccentric radial growth and reaction wood was not substantiated in this study.The data indicate that if economically justifiable, it would be possible to segregate trees that are likely to contain material that is hard to season.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document