The Reevaluation of Tangible Fixed – Accounting and Tax Implications

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 63-70
Author(s):  
Mihaela Nicoară
Keyword(s):  
Balance Sheet ◽  
Financial Statements ◽  
Fair Value ◽  
Financial Statement ◽  
Accurate Information ◽  
Accounting Data ◽  
Data Registration ◽  
Economic Entity ◽  
Tangible Assets

AbstractThe revaluation of the assets represents the economic operation as a result of which the carrying amount of the assets is correlated with their current value, thus ensuring relevant data registration in annual financial statements and, through this, more accurate information of accounting data users. The evaluations made during the reorganization of enterprises (fusions, divisions) don’t form a revaluation, these evaluations aiming the determination of the exchange ratio of all the balance sheet elements. Exceptions are the cases where the date of the financial statement that underlies the reorganization is the same date of the annual financial statements. The revaluation of tangible assets is made at their fair value at the date of the balance sheet. The assets’ fair value is determined based on evaluations usually made by authorized evaluators, according to the law. The historical costs principle is based on the hypothesis of the stable monetary union, which means that is respecting the nominal values of the currency without taking into account of the purchasing power variations. The practice in the field showed that the application of the fair value in accounting is leading to obtain annual financial statements which provide better information regarding the present and future performances of the economic entity.

scholarly journals Analisis Penerapan Sak Etap Dalam Penyusunan Laporan Keuangan Koperasi ( Studi Kasus Pada KOPKAR PDAM Tirta Sanita )

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 075-083
Author(s):  
Hadi Nurdiansyah ◽  
Hendra Setiawan
Keyword(s):  
Balance Sheet ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Financial Statements ◽  
Fair Value ◽  
Reporting Guidelines ◽  
Financial Statement ◽  
Historical Cost ◽  
Library Research ◽  
Descriptive Method

The purpose of this study is to analyze the application of IFRSs in the preparation of financial statements ETAP cooperatives, especially Cooperative Tirta Sanita. Analysis is performed to determine whether the financial statements have been applied by the Cooperatives is in accordance with GAAP ETAP set since July 2010. The analysis conducted in this study uses a descriptive method while selected data sources are secondary data from financial statements. The selected data collection procedures are obtained form library research, literatures, records, field research and interviews. The results showed that the Cooperative Tirta Sanita has been making adjustments in applying SAK ETAP in the preparation of its financial statements, but still not all the adjustments in the SAK ETAP have been applied in the preparation of its financial statements. This is evident with the availability of financial statements consisting of a balance sheet, profit/loss, change in equity, and cash flow statement. Cooperative Tirta Sanita using SAK ETAP with reporting guidelines still largely the same as before adopting IFRS GAAP General, therefor not too many significant changes occured. In other words, there was no significant effect happens on the application of GAAP in the financial statements Cooperative ETAP Tirta Sanita. Thus, financial statement reporting guidelines Cooperative Tirta Sanita with SAK ETAP is still using the principles of the historical cost method uses a different cost with SFAS General that is currently adopting IFRS using the fair value method. In general, this is the fundamental difference for the implementation of SAK ETAP.

scholarly journals KEWAJARAN NILAI PASAR SAHAM PERUSAHAAN PASCA RIGHT ISSUE

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rifki Khoirudin ◽  
Desta Rizky Kusuma
Keyword(s):  
Cash Flow ◽  
Stock Price ◽  
Balance Sheet ◽  
Financial Statements ◽  
Fair Value ◽  
Free Cash Flow ◽  
Discounted Cash Flow ◽  
Rights Issue ◽  
Relative Valuation

<p><em><span>This study aims to estimate the fair value per share of PT BW Plantation Tbk after the company offered right issue. This study is also intended to find out the fair market value per share of PT BW Plantation Tbk post-rights issue. The information used in this study was obtained from secondary data from the financial statements of PT BW Plantation Tbk., which were audited by public accountants and other information available in the financial statements. BW Plantation Tbk., The company's financial statements comparison, and the company's stock price data comparison. The methods of analysis used in determining the fair value per share is the Discounted Cash Flow and Relative Valuation. Discounted Cash Flow analysis was done by: projections of financial statements i.e. balance sheet and income statement, the projected Free Cash Flow to Equity (FCFE), the determination of the discount rate, the determination of Terminal Value, and the estimated fair value of equity. Analysis of Relative Valuation begins with finding the comparison companies in the same business line, select and assign the appropriate multiple of the comparison companies. Multiple used are: Price Earnings Ratio (PER), Price to Book Value (PBV), and Price to Sales Ratio (P / S).</span></em></p><p><em><span>Keywords: valuation of shares, rights issue, discounted cash flow, relative valuation</span></em></p>

Rating Agency Adjustments to GAAP Financial Statements and Their Effect on Ratings and Credit Spreads

2014 ◽  
Vol 90 (2) ◽  
pp. 641-674 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pepa Kraft
Keyword(s):  
Default Risk ◽  
Credit Rating ◽  
Credit Ratings ◽  
Balance Sheet ◽  
Financial Statements ◽  
Financial Statement ◽  
Credit Spread ◽  
Credit Spreads ◽  
Term Structures ◽  
Interest Expense

ABSTRACT I examine a dataset of both quantitative (hard) adjustments to firms' reported U.S. GAAP financial statement numbers and qualitative (soft) adjustments to firms' credit ratings that Moody's develops and uses in its credit rating process. I first document differences between firms' reported and Moody's adjusted numbers that are both large and frequent across firms. For example, primarily because of upward adjustments to interest expense and debt attributable to firms' off-balance sheet debt, on average, adjusted coverage (cash flow-to-debt) ratios are 27 percent (8 percent) lower and adjusted leverage ratios are 70 percent higher than the corresponding U.S. GAAP ratios. I then find that Moody's hard and soft rating adjustments are associated with significantly higher credit spreads and flatter credit spread term structures. Overall, the results indicate that Moody's quantitative adjustments to financial statement numbers and qualitative adjustments to credit ratings enable it to better capture default risk, consistent with it effectively processing both hard and soft information.

scholarly journals Analysis of Financial Statement of NRC Agro with Special Reference to Goods and Service Tax

2019 ◽  
pp. 45-65
Author(s):  
Nalla Bala Kalyan ◽  
Toopalli Sirisha
Keyword(s):  
Service Provider ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Financial Analysis ◽  
Financial Statements ◽  
Financial Statement ◽  
Accounting Data ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
The Past ◽  
Provision Of Services ◽  
The Impact

The analysis of financial statements is an important aid to financial analysis. They provide information on how the firm has performed in the past and what is its current financial position. Financial analysis is the process of identifying the financial strengths and weakness of the firm from the available accounting data and financial statements. The analysis is done by establishing relationship between the different items of financial statements. The target of this paper is to examine the major features of GST. GST also known as the Goods and Services Tax is defined as the giant indirect tax structure premeditated to maintain and enhances the economic enlargement of a country. Service tax was a tax levied by Central Government of India on services provided or agreed to be provided excluding services covered under negative list and considering the Place of Provision of Services Rules, 2012 and collected as per Point of Taxation Rules, 2011 from the person liable to pay service tax. Person liable to pay service tax is governed by Service Tax Rules, 1994 he may be service provider or service receiver or any other person made so liable. It is an indirect tax wherein the service provider collects the tax on services from service receiver and pays the same to government of India. This paper has also focused on the impact of GST (Goods and Services Tax) will be on Indian Tax Scenario.

scholarly journals IPTEKS PENGUKURAN KINERJA KEUANGAN PADA PT. PLN (PERSERO) WILAYAH SULUTTENGGO

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (02) ◽  
Author(s):  
Regina F. Pinontoan ◽  
Natalia Y. T. Gerungai
Keyword(s):  
Financial Performance ◽  
Balance Sheet ◽  
Financial Statements ◽  
Financial Statement ◽  
Financial Ratios ◽  
Ratio Analysis ◽  
Financial Ratio ◽  
Leverage Ratio ◽  
Financial Ratio Analysis ◽  
A Company

The measurement of financial performance based solely on balance sheet financial statements and profit and loss is able to provide information on the feasibility of a company on the obligations of external parties and also assets owned by the company. From the results of financial statement analysis using financial ratio analysis of PT. PLN (Persero)Region  Sulutttenggo can evaluate the financial performance of companies that show unfavorable conditions where the value of the liquidity ratio is less stable and even decreases. Whereas the results of the calculation of leverage ratio and profitability ratio show fairly good conditions. Thus, the writer suggest that the management always evaluate in improving the company's financial performance.Keywords : financial statement, financial performance, financial ratios

The Effect of Accounting Manipulation on the Business Performances

2020 ◽  
pp. 168-177
Author(s):  
Ionica Oncioiu ◽  
Cristina Maria Ștefan ◽  
Valentin Radu ◽  
Georgiana Burlacu
Keyword(s):  
Balance Sheet ◽  
Financial Statements ◽  
Fair Value ◽  
Economic Environment ◽  
International Level ◽  
Anglo Saxon ◽  
Accounting Systems ◽  
Dual Nature ◽  
Creative Accounting ◽  
New System

The dual nature of creative accounting has been intensely debated since its emergence in the Anglo-Saxon economies. The lack of a common accounting language, different accounting systems at international level, applied in different languages, international legislation harmonized more or less correctly, amidst a turbulent economic environment, left room for multiple interpretations and meanings. This chapter presents the advantages of fair value in manipulating business performances by creative accounting, but there are voices that are challenging this concept because of its volatility and tendency to subjectivism, and also manipulating the models used to evaluate balance-sheet structures or profit and loss account. The results show that fair value was introduced by accounting norms in response to the deterioration of confidence in the financial statements and targets a new system for assessing the entity's assets and liabilities.

4. Financial reports of listed companies

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher Nobes
Keyword(s):  
Annual Report ◽  
Balance Sheet ◽  
Listed Companies ◽  
Financial Statement ◽  
Financial Assets ◽  
Financial Reports ◽  
Income Statement ◽  
Tangible Assets ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Accounting Ratios

‘Financial reports of listed companies’ considers the components of an annual report and the types of financial statement that companies generally provide: balance sheet, income statement, statement of changes in equity, and cash flow statement. It addresses the following questions: what are assets and how are they measured? What is the difference between depreciation and impairment? Why are various expected expenses and losses not accounted for as liabilities? How can an investor decide which company to lend to or buy shares in? How could managers use accounting to mislead investors? Tangible assets, intangible assets, and financial assets are defined along with liabilities and accounting ratios.

REGULATIONS OF FINANCIAL LAW AS REGARDS FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 301-315
Author(s):  
Marian Stefański
Keyword(s):  
Financial Reporting ◽  
Financial Statements ◽  
Financial Statement ◽  
Business Unit ◽  
Accounting Data

The financial statement of the business unit ends the work of the accounting department giving a preliminary view of the company's operations. The numbers and data included in it should be a reliable way to include all operations during the financial year of a unit. Thanks to financial reporting it is possible to translate accounting data into information necessary to manage the company and its assessment by external recipients.

scholarly journals IMPLEMENTASI SAK SYARIAH DALAM LAPORAN KEUANGAN KOPERASI PENGKREDITAN RAKYAT SYARIAH (KPRS)

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 123-132
Author(s):  
Nimatul Ula ◽  
Nawirah Nawirah
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Balance Sheet ◽  
Accounting Standards ◽  
Financial Statements ◽  
Financial Accounting ◽  
Financial Statement ◽  
Online Data ◽  
Financial Reports ◽  
Financial Report ◽  
Financial Position

The purpose of this study is to determine the suitability of the presentation of the An-Nahl Pandaan KPRS financial statements to Syaria FAS. This research uses descriptive qualitative research in which the purpose is to describe and illustrate the application of Sharia Financial Accounting Standards in terms of the financial statements prepared by KPRS An-Nahl Pandaan. The techniques used in data collection are through observation, interviews, documentation, and online data search techniques. The results of the analysis and discussion of this study indicate that most of the financial statement presentations in KPRS An-Nahl are in accordance with Sharia FAS even though only the entity only reports the financial position (Balance Sheet). From the An-Nahl KPRS financial report that looks very prominent the discrepancy is that An-Nahl KPRS does not make the six other financial report components listed in the Sharia FAS because the KPRS An-Nahl management itself does not yet understand how to prepare financial reports in accordance with applicable standards.

scholarly journals THE VALUE OF RESTATEMENT TO FRAUD PREDICTION

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
pp. 1210-1237
Author(s):  
Shi Qiu ◽  
Hong-Qu He ◽  
Yuan-sheng Luo
Keyword(s):  
Balance Sheet ◽  
Financial Statements ◽  
Primary Objective ◽  
Financial Statement ◽  
Financial Statement Fraud ◽  
Financial Reports ◽  
Financial Report ◽  
Financial Restatements ◽  
Fraud Prediction ◽  
Different Characteristics

A financial report restatement reflects errors in the previous financial statement, and thus it increases investors’ doubt about the credibility of the financial statement. The primary objective of this paper is to examine whether restatement announcements imply increased fraud risks in Chinese firms in the context that up to one quarter of listed companies have restated their financial reports in China, and explore the implications of the content, severity and reasons for restatements with respect to fraud. In this paper, firms with financial restatements prove to be more likely to be labeled as fraudulent by regulators in China. Second, the following results also are revealed: (1) financial statements, except balance sheet restatements, provide insights into the revelation of fraudulent behaviors, (2) the severity of restatements is positively correlated with future fraud disclosures, and (3) restatements due to negligence are positively correlated with future fraud occurrences. These results imply that restatement announcements and their different characteristics provide important information for detecting financial statement fraud.

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