scholarly journals „Wie ist das denn in deinem Heimatland?“ Kommunikative Muster invektiver Kulturvergleiche im Orientierungskurs

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 184-200
Author(s):  
Youmna Fouad ◽  
Heike Greschke
Keyword(s):  
Social Order ◽  
Political System ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
German Language ◽  
Integration Policy ◽  
Cultural Mediation ◽  
Orientation Course ◽  
The Social ◽  
Communicative Patterns ◽  
Participatory Observation

Abstract The German Orientation Course is considered as one of the most important measures of integration policy in Germany. It is a mandatory German language and cultural course dedicated to refugees and immigrants. It aims to provide knowledge about the German political system and certain ‘cultural’ German values. This article examines the Orientation Course as an intercultural encounter, as a place which is institutionally and politically framed and also as a hierarchically didactic arena where cultural mediation takes place. It illustrates also how invective communication happens through the establishment of certain communicative patterns which can degrade or disparage social groups. Based on participatory observation in the Orientation Course using the Genre Analysis, this article argues in which ways these communicative patterns can affect the social order and unite or shape groups.

Conclusion: Rethinking Punishment

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Didier Fassin
Keyword(s):  
Social Inequality ◽  
Political Violence ◽  
Social Order ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
The Social ◽  
Ideal Language ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Ideal

If punishment is not what we say it is, if it is not justified by the reasons we invoke, if it facilitates repeat offenses instead of preventing them, if it punishes in excess of the seriousness of the act, if it sanctions according to the status of the offender rather than to the gravity of the offense, if it targets social groups defined beforehand as punishable, and if it contributes to producing and reproducing disparities, then does it not itself precisely undermine the social order? And must we not start to rethink punishment, not only in the ideal language of philosophy and law but also in the uncomfortable reality of social inequality and political violence?

The Psychology of the Main Social Groups

2020 ◽  
pp. 102-138
Author(s):  
Jon Elster
Keyword(s):  
Political System ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
Social Hierarchy ◽  
Top Down ◽  
Old Regime ◽  
Local Authorities ◽  
Bottom Up ◽  
Royal Court ◽  
The Social

This chapter refers to the beliefs of individuals that occupied various positions in the structures of the old regime. For histoire des mentalités, the chapter tries to determine popular beliefs, elite beliefs, and beliefs about beliefs in accordance with reasons given in the Madisonian caveats. It also analyzes the behavior of the main agents in the economic and political system, which includes the peasantry, local authorities, several urban groupings, the parlements, provincial estates, the royal administration, the royal court, and the king himself. It includes the top-down beliefs of the authorities about their subjects and the bottom-up beliefs of the subjects about the authorities. This chapter also describes beliefs of the members of any group in the social hierarchy about other members of the same group.

Review of periodical articles

Urban History ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 306-335
Author(s):  
JELLE HAEMERS ◽  
GERRIT VERHOEVEN ◽  
JEROEN PUTTEVILS ◽  
PETER JONES
Keyword(s):  
Social Order ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
The North ◽  
South West ◽  
The Social ◽  
Depth Analysis ◽  
Urban Elites ◽  
Patrilineal Descent ◽  
North Western

One of the key concepts of Max Weber's writings on cities was that in north-western Europe, the landed nobility and urban elites were clearly distinguished. For Weber, this was indeed a main reason to locate the occidental city in the north rather than in the Mediterranean. Christof Rolker tackles this question in his ‘Heraldische Orgien und Sozialer Aufstieg. Oder: Wo ist eigentlich “oben” in der spätmittelalterlichen Stadt?’, Zeitschrift für Historische Forschung, 52 (2015), 191–224. The in-depth analysis of one of the largest and at the same time most widespread armorials in the late medieval Holy Empire, namely that of Konrad Grünenberg (d. 1494), demonstrates that in Konstanz (where Grünenberg lived) guilds (and not the nobility) first insisted on patrilineal descent as a proof of status. Traditionally, Grünenberg is seen as a paradigmatic social climber, as he left his guild to join the society of the local nobility (called ‘Zur Katz’). Yet his sumptuous armorial, containing over 2,000 coat of arms mainly from the south-west of the Empire, does not mention any single member of this noble society. Instead, it praises the tournament societies of which Grünenberg was not a member, and highlights chivalric events in which he never participated. This, Rolker argues, indicates that armorials were not only about status already gained or to be gained, but also a manual for contemporaries to discuss the social order in a more abstract way. In his ‘Wappenbuch’, Grünenberg constantly explains why he could not join the noble societies he praised, while at the same time he ignored the ‘Zur Katz’ association of which he was a member. Therefore, Rolker concludes that it was not only members (or would-be members) of the respective social groups who knew and reproduced social codes. So the boundary between noble and urban elites was more blurred than Weber claimed – though Rolker is of course not the first to criticize Weber on this. Clearly, Grünenberg's armorial was part and parcel of a wider discussion of origins and kinship, namely patrilineal kinship that took place in several social milieux, rather than simply a book which displayed inherited status.

scholarly journals COMMUNITY OF CHILDREN INMATES AND ASSISTANCE SYSTEM IN THE PENITENTIARY: The Impact of Child Social System to the Assistance Process at Kutoarjo Children Penitentiary

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 111-120
Author(s):  
Indah Sri Utari
Keyword(s):  
Social Order ◽  
Social System ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Assistance Program ◽  
Whole Process ◽  
The People ◽  
The Social ◽  
The World ◽  
The Impact

The community of inmates children as a unique and unique social system is difficult to understand when viewed only from the outside, so it is necessary to systematically attempt to know the values, norms, relationships, and objectives-through where and with what they are living, and understand both their own experiences and the world in which they liveThe situational system of the inmates children as human beings (although in this case is the child) to be fostered, is one of the important elements in the whole process of assistance in the Penitentiary is no exception to the Children Penitentiary in Kutoarjo. The entire penitentiary system design, from the assistance program, the assistance mechanism, and the assistance implementation, is actually determined by the circumstances and the reality of the people who are to be fostered, the inmates.The reality of the children inmates who are always on the "social order" in their various communities is essentially constantly changing. Specifically, this study finds links between: the institutional reality of a children penitentiary, which includes the factual circumstances concerning facilities and infrastructure, and the administrative aspects of KutoarjoChildren Penitentiary. The reality of the member of KutoarjoChildren Penitentiaryin the form of identified number of occupants, placement systems, and formal and informal groupings of the targeted children in addition to the build and formed a community of the assisted children in KutoarjoChildren Penitentiary and the basic elements of the Social System of the Auxiliaries in all the community of assisted children and etc.As Soerjono Sukanto said that even though human "convicts" live in a confined state, they instinctively want to interact with fellow inmates. This instinct is referred to as "gregariousness" (Soekanto: 1998: 73), which in the last instance will give birth to so-called "social groups". In this context created social structure, social system, norms and so on.

scholarly journals Understanding the revival and survival of grass-roots associations in China: the perspective of four categories of legitimacy

2007 ◽  
Vol 13 (27) ◽  
pp. 49-68
Author(s):  
Gao Bingzhong
Keyword(s):  
Social Order ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
Political Legitimacy ◽  
Social Legitimacy ◽  
Grass Roots ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Social ◽  
Legal Legitimacy ◽  
Social Associations ◽  
Administrative Legitimacy

Chinese grass-roots social groups have had a complicated relation with the social order during the past thirty years. This paper aims at using a series of practical concepts about legitimacy, from Weber and Habermas, to analyze the revival and present functioning of these groups, especially associations based on folk religion. As I see it, the fact that social groups are able to exist "normally" and to operate, even though they are not in conformity with the law, should be understood with the help of three categories: political legitimacy, administrative legitimacy and social legitimacy. At the end of the paper, I discuss the promulgation of the "Regulations for the Administration of Social Associations" which sets legal legitimacy as a core process integrating the three other kinds of legitimacy, and I examine the effort of government to require all social groups to possess full legitimacy.

Muslim Social Organisation and Cultural Islamisation in Malabar

2017 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saidalavi P.C.
Keyword(s):  
South Asia ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
Social Organisation ◽  
Cultural Mediation ◽  
Social Divisions ◽  
Making Sense ◽  
The Social ◽  
Basic Concepts

This article calls for a re-evaluation of basic concepts such as caste and status groups for making sense of the social organisation of Muslims in Malabar. Muslim social groups, while disseminating notions of egalitarian claims of Islam, rationalise social divisions and discriminatory practices among themselves largely in terms of Islamic juristic concepts of purity, knowledge, piety and morality. Due to increasing Islamisation, these notions have been reconstructed to sustain social divisions among Muslims. Therefore, it is argued here that social divisions among Muslims in Malabar today do not derive primarily from acculturative influences of Hinduism. The article concludes that since sociological concepts such as caste, ethnicity and status groups as used in South Asia have failed to capture this Islamic cultural mediation, these phenomena need to be further researched.

scholarly journals Violence of Values/Values of Violence. The Cultural Struggle of Alt-Right Politics

2020 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nuria Sanchez Madrid
Keyword(s):  
Civil Rights ◽  
Political Parties ◽  
Working Class ◽  
Social Order ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Political Values ◽  
New Model ◽  
The Social ◽  
Cultural Struggle

This paper tackles the construction of social and political values that contemporary Alt-Right politics foster. Its aim will be, first, to tackle the values that Alt-Right parties are spreading at a global scale from the last decade. Second, I will focus on how they address the most precarious social groups for increasing their supporters and how they have built a new model of the social order that gainsays human and civil rights. Finally, I will give an account of some reasons that explain the social failure of classical Leftist political parties, also attempting to transform the ways they accost the former ‘working class’. I engage a dialogue with Zeynep Gambetti and Vladimir Safatle, as both authors have centrally addressed the cultural struggle that populist right parties accomplish on a global scale.

scholarly journals Theoretical Approaches in the Study of the Non-Governmental, Non-Commercial Sector in Modern Russia

Politeja ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (5(62)) ◽  
pp. 21-32
Author(s):  
Anna Jach
Keyword(s):  
Group Theory ◽  
Civil Society ◽  
Political System ◽  
System Analysis ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
Social Sector ◽  
Commercial Sector ◽  
Authoritarian State ◽  
Theoretical Approaches ◽  
The Social

As part of a political system constituted by individuals and social groups, due to its pro publico bono activities, the non-governmental, non-commercial sector (also known as institutions of civil society) is usually referred to by different terms, both in foreign (English) and Russian languages. Since the Russian nongovernmental, non-commercial sector (некоммерческая неправительственная организация) is not identical to its Western variants, it exhibits a number of differences, the sources of which are both exogenous and endogenous conditions. The issue of the specificities of the non-governmental, non-commercial sector can be researched through a system analysis. The theoretical context for this method creates a new institutionalism, also called neo-institutionalism. In turn, the institutional analysis refers to such theories as systemic change and neo-corporatism as well as the theory of participation or political participation. What turned out to be indispensable were the models defining the conceptual framework for such phenomena as group theory – interest/pressure, or metapolitics, but with regard to its civil forms of participation. The abovementioned methods and stances prove the complexity of the presented subject – the multifaceted nature of the problem, where the exploratory field requires referring to research techniques and tools from many related disciplines. The issue of the non-governmental, non-commercial sector in contemporary Russia should be perceived as a specific phenomenon, primarily because this sector is developing, no matter what transformations of an internal nature occur. Its exploration requires using such theoretical approaches that will allow its mechanisms to be defined. Such an approach must include the specifics of the society and the state within which the social sector develops. Therefore the presentation of theoretical premises applied in research on non-governmental, non-commercial sector in today’s Russia is the first step in diagnosing the phenomenon of the functioning of a non-governmental, non-commercial sector in the conditions of an authoritarian state.

scholarly journals Principles of good work - selected problems of praxeology

2018 ◽  
Vol 187 (1) ◽  
pp. 119-128
Author(s):  
Krystyna Skurjat
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Culture ◽  
Effective Action ◽  
Social Order ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
Adaptive Strategies ◽  
Value Systems ◽  
Good Work ◽  
The Social ◽  
A Company ◽  
Technical Recommendations

The text addresses the growing interest in praxeology as the theory of effective action in the form that has been given to this field mainly by Tadeusz Kotarbinski. The transformation of the social order requires the application of technical recommendations that improve all good work, and praxeology determines the canons of such efficiency such precisely. Praxeology also enforces the use of ethnical norms and references to value systems because they determine adaptive strategies of individuals and social groups, and thus influence the organizational culture of a company.

scholarly journals Approaching the social control of drugs, I: Construction of the problem

Sociologija ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 113-152
Author(s):  
Dragan Radulovic
Keyword(s):  
Drug Use ◽  
Social Order ◽  
Public Discourse ◽  
Social Process ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
Industrial Society ◽  
Sociological Analysis ◽  
The Social ◽  
Global Spread ◽  
Social Censure

The paper aims at outlining the social process whereby drug use has been defined as a major problem of contemporary society. The beginning of profane use of drugs is located in modern industrial society, while their global spread and the establishment of the prohibition system took place in the second half of 20th century. The generalized notion of drugs has dissolved into three different groups: some substances (coffee, tea, alcohol, tobacco) are socially accepted; others, like barbiturates or tranquilizers are legitimated by medicine, while the third group - opium, cocaine, cannabis and psychodelics - provoke social censure, exclusion and legal prohibition. The second part of the paper analyzes the process of constructing the "problem" of drug use in public discourse, mainly in the mass media. The starting assumption is that sociological analysis of any phenomenon, especially if it is stigmatized, must necessarily include a deconstruction of the discourse in which the phenomenon is defined, which involves historical and cultural contextualization, uncovering of power relations and drives to maintain the existing social order, as well as strategies of particular social groups whose interests are served by such definitions. The tactics of "moral panic" is singled out as particularly apt in these processes.

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