scholarly journals Chemical composition and biological activity of seed oil of amaranth varieties

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 66-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soyibjon S. Bozorov ◽  
Nodir Sh. Berdiev ◽  
Uchkun J. Ishimov ◽  
Shukhratjon S. Olimjonov ◽  
Jamolitdin F. Ziyavitdinov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Oil ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Reversed Phase ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Oil Composition ◽  
Alpha Linolenic Acid ◽  
Plant Seeds ◽  
Squalene Content ◽  
The One ◽  
Cold Pressed

Abstract The work is devoted to study of seed oil composition of amaranth varieties: Kharkov, Lera, Andijan and Helios, acclimatized in Uzbekistan. We demonstrated the possibility of using reversed-phase HPLC using a refractometric detector, which allows simultaneous determination of squalene and triacylglycerides in plant seeds and determining the authenticity of amaranth oils. Established seed oiliness ranged from 6.39 to 7.81 % of the initial mass. Amaranth oil samples contained quite large amount of unsaturated fatty acids 72.72 – 73.28 %, 1.17 % of which is omega-3-alpha-linolenic acid. The squalene content in the seeds ranged from 0.35 % to 0.55 %. It was established that the squalene content in oils obtained by extraction is greater than the one obtained by cold pressing. In the triacylglyceride composition of the investigated cold-pressed and extracted oils, no significant differences were found.

scholarly journals Transcriptomics of developing wild sunflower seeds from the extreme ends of a latitudinal gradient differing in seed oil composition

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Max Henry Barnhart ◽  
Edward V McAssey ◽  
Emily Dittmar ◽  
John M. Burke
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Seed Oil ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Differentially Expressed ◽  
Regional Differentiation ◽  
Oil Composition ◽  
Seed Oil Composition

Seed oil composition, an important agronomic trait in cultivated sunflower, varies latitudinally across the native range of its wild progenitor. This pattern is thought to be driven by selection for a higher proportion of saturated fatty acids in southern populations compared to northern populations, likely due to the different temperatures experienced during seed germination. To investigate whether these differences in fatty acid composition between northern and southern populations correspond to transcriptional variation in the expression of genes involved in fatty acid metabolism, we sequenced RNA from developing seeds of sunflowers from Texas, USA and Saskatchewan, Canada (the extreme ends of sunflower's latitudinal range) grown in a common garden. Over 4,000 genes were found to be differentially expressed between Texas and Canada, including several genes involved in lipid metabolism. Many differentially expressed oil metabolism genes colocalized with known oil QTL. The genes producing stearoyl-ACP-desaturases (SAD) were of particular interest because of their known role in the conversion of fully saturated into unsaturated fatty acids. Two SAD genes were more highly expressed in seeds from Canadian populations, consistent with the observation of increased levels of unsaturated fatty acids in seeds from that region. We also constructed a gene co-expression network to investigate regional variation in network modules. The results of this analysis revealed regional differentiation for eight of twelve modules, but no clear relationship with oil biosynthesis. Overall, the differential expression of SAD genes offers a partial explanation for the observed differences in seed oil composition between Texas and Canada, while the expression patterns of other metabolic genes suggest complex regulation of fatty acid production and usage across latitudes.

scholarly journals ROLE OF NUTRITION IN MAINTAINING NORMAL EYESIGHT-A REVIEW

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Naghma Nazrana ◽  
Tejasvi Jain ◽  
Sanjay Verma
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Vitamin A ◽  
Vision Loss ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Vitamin A Deficiency ◽  
The United States ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Cumulative Exposure ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Alpha Linolenic Acid

The eye is particularly susceptible to oxidative stress as a result of its high oxygen consumption, high concentration of polyunsaturated fatty acids and cumulative exposure to high-energy visible light. This combination of factors leads to the generation of reactive oxygen species that can trigger oxidative damage to ocular tissues. There is evidence that the human consumer should avoid excessive supplementation with carotenoids. Poly-unsaturated fatty acids are linked to eye disease (as well as multiple other chronic diseases) in both positive and negative ways. Dietary poly-unsaturated fatty acids fall into two major groups, i.e., omega-6 (mainly linoleic acid and arachidonic acid) and omega-3 fatty acids, mainly alpha-linolenic acid, eicosapentaenoicacid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). Vitamin A deficiency is rare in the United States, but it is common among the poor in developing countries. It's estimated that approximately 250,000 to 500,000 malnourished children worldwide become blind each year due to vitamin A deficiency that could have been prevented with a proper diet. A lack of vitamin A causes the cornea to become very dry, leading to clouding of the front of the eye, corneal ulcers and vision loss. Vitamin A deficiency also causes damage to the retina, which also contributes to blindness. Keywords: Vitamin A, DHA, Glaucoma, retinopathy

scholarly journals Cucurbita maxima Pumpkin Seed Oil: from the Chemical Properties to the Different Extracting Techniques

2018 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 663-669 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leila REZIG ◽  
Moncef CHOUAIBI ◽  
Rosa Maria OJEDA-AMADOR ◽  
Sergio GOMEZ-ALONSO ◽  
Maria Desamparados SALVADOR ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Seed Oil ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Seed Oils ◽  
Cucurbita Maxima ◽  
Pumpkin Seed ◽  
Pumpkin Seed Oil ◽  
Cold Pressed

Pumpkin seed oils are rich in bioactive compounds such as tocopherols, sterols, β-carotene, and lutein that have, along with some fatty acids, high nutritional value factors. In addition, it has so far been proven that these compounds have a positive effect on human health. The present study mainly aimed at evaluating the chemical composition and the bioactive compounds of pumpkin (Cucurbita maxima) seed oil of the ‘Béjaoui’ Tunisian cultivar using both cold pressing and solvent extraction methods. The seed oils contained substantial amounts of unsaturated fatty acids, particularly oleic and linoleic acids, with values ranging respectively from 28.19% for cold pressed pumpkin seed oil to 30.56% for pumpkin seed oil extracted by pentane and from 43.86% for pumpkin seed oil extracted by pentane to 46.67% for cold pressed pumpkin seed oil of the total amount of fatty acids. Investigations of different seed oils revealed that extraction techniques had significant effects on the antioxidant activity and the γ-tocopherol. Cold pressed pumpkin seed oil revealed the highest γ-tocopherol content (599.33 mg kg-1) and the highest oxidative stability (3.84 h). However, the chloroform/methanol extracted pumpkin seed oil, which is rich in total phenolics (54.41 mg Gallic Acid Equivalent kg-1), was a more effective scavenger of DPPH radicals (250 µmoles Trolox kg-1) than the poor phenolic pumpkin seed oils extracted by hexane and pentane (110 µmoles Trolox kg-1 vs 100 µmoles Trolox kg-1). Based on its unique seed oil features, cold press extracted pumpkin seed may add great value to product innovation in the industrial, nutritional, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical fields.

scholarly journals Engineering Trienoic Fatty Acids into Cottonseed Oil Improves Low-Temperature Seed Germination, Plant Photosynthesis and Cotton Fiber Quality

2020 ◽  
Vol 61 (7) ◽  
pp. 1335-1347 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lihong Gao ◽  
Wei Chen ◽  
Xiaoyu Xu ◽  
Jing Zhang ◽  
Tanoj K Singh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Linolenic Acid ◽  
Seed Oil ◽  
Fiber Quality ◽  
Fatty Acid Desaturase ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Oil Composition ◽  
Alpha Linolenic Acid ◽  
Total Oil

Abstract Alpha-linolenic acid (ALA, 18:3Δ9,12,15) and γ-linolenic acid \ (GLA, 18:3Δ6,9,12) are important trienoic fatty acids, which are beneficial for human health in their own right, or as precursors for the biosynthesis of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids. ALA and GLA in seed oil are synthesized from linoleic acid (LA, 18:2Δ9,12) by the microsomal ω-3 fatty acid desaturase (FAD3) and Δ6 desaturase (D6D), respectively. Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) seed oil composition was modified by transforming with an FAD3 gene from Brassica napus and a D6D gene from Echium plantagineum, resulting in approximately 30% ALA and 20% GLA, respectively. The total oil content in transgenic seeds remained unaltered relative to parental seeds. Despite the use of a seed-specific promoter for transgene expression, low levels of GLA and increased levels of ALA were found in non-seed cotton tissues. At low temperature, the germinating cottonseeds containing the linolenic acid isomers elongated faster than the untransformed controls. ALA-producing lines also showed higher photosynthetic rates at cooler temperature and better fiber quality compared to both untransformed controls and GLA-producing lines. The oxidative stability of the novel cottonseed oils was assessed, providing guidance for potential food, pharmaceutical and industrial applications of these oils.

scholarly journals Application of Spray-dried Microcapsules of Purslane (Portulaca oleracea L.) Seed Oil Enhances Quality of Mango Juice

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Safaa S. Abozed ◽  
Ghada M. Elaraby ◽  
Hamdy A. Zahran
Keyword(s):  
Spray Drying ◽  
Seed Oil ◽  
Gum Arabic ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Portulaca Oleracea ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Alpha Linolenic Acid ◽  
Mango Juice ◽  
Spray Dried

Introduction: Purslane (Portulaca oleracea L.) seeds oil are a non-traditional alpha-linolenic acid source (ALA), which is an omega-3 fatty acid. This study aimed to evaluate the physicochemical and sensory properties of mango juice fortified with purslane seed oil (PSO) microcapsules. Materials and Methods: Gum Arabic (GA) and maltodextrin, as wall-materials, were used in the microencapsulation of PSO by spray drying technique. The spray-dried microcapsules were added to the mango juice (200 mL) at the levels of 0.5, 1 and 1.5 g, ALA. Physicochemical properties such as viscosity, total soluble solids (TSS), pH and titratable acidity were measured, as well as sensory evaluation, during 28 days' storage at 4.0 ±0.5°C. Results: Our study indicated that the microencapsulation of PSO by spray drying resulted in the best microencapsulation yield (85.17%) as well as the microencapsulation efficiency (77.40%). The pH and TSS of four juice samples ranged from 3.0 to 3.6 and from 18.8 to 19.1 Brix°, respectively. In addition to that, storage periods had no significant effect on them. Conclusion: According to the findings presented in this paper, it has been concluded that the nutritional value of mango juices was enhanced by the addition of microencapsulated PSO as a source of ω-3 fatty acids.

scholarly journals Sacha inchi (Plukenetia volubilis L.) – An Underutilized Crop With a Great Potential

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nete - Kodahl ◽  
Marten - Sørensen
Keyword(s):  
Food Systems ◽  
Amazon Basin ◽  
Essential Fatty Acids ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Nutritional Composition ◽  
Oilseed Crop ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Oil Composition ◽  
Alpha Linolenic Acid ◽  
Plukenetia Volubilis

Plukenetia volubilis is an underutilized oilseed crop native to the Amazon basin, where it has been utilised by humans since Incan times. The large seeds contain approx. 45–50 % lipid, of which approx. 35.2–50.8 % is α-linolenic acid (C18:3 n-3, ω-3) and approx. 33.4–41.0 % is linoleic acid (C18:2 n-6, ω-6), the two essential fatty acids required by humans. The seeds also contain 22–30 % protein and have antioxidant properties. Due to its excellent nutritional composition and good agronomic properties, it has attracted increasing attention in recent years, and cultivation is expanding. When considering current global challenges, a reformation of our food systems is imperative in order to ensure food security, mitigation of climate change, and alleviation of malnutrition. For this purpose, underutilized crops may be essential tools, which can provide agricultural hardiness and reduced need for external inputs, climate resilience, diet diversification, and improved income opportunities for smallholders. Plukenetia volubilis is a promising up and coming crop in this regard and has considerable potential for further domestication; it has an exceptional oil composition, good sensory acceptability, is well suited for cultivation, and has numerous potential applications in, e.g. gastronomy, medicine, and cosmetics.

scholarly journals Characteristics of Chia (Salvia hispanica L.) Seed Oil Extracted by Ultrasound Assistance

2018 ◽  
Vol 61 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta Elvia Rosas-Mendoza ◽  
Jonathan Coria-Hernández ◽  
Rosalía Meléndez-Pérez ◽  
José Luis Arjona-Román
Keyword(s):  
Seed Oil ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Plane Deformation ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Oil Yield ◽  
Oil Composition ◽  
Ultrasound Assisted Extraction ◽  
Assisted Extraction ◽  
Chia Seed ◽  
Salvia Hispanica L

The aims of this work were to evaluate the effect of Ultrasound- Assisted Extraction (UAE) in oil yield, as well as in the physicochemical and chemical characteristics of Chia seed oil. The seeds were cryo ground before extraction; ultrasonic bath at 40 kHz was used during 90 min extraction process. The UEA resulted in intensification of the extraction, with 79.3% oil yield, while 69.2% were for stirring extraction. Diffusion coefficient´s values were 1.04x10<sup>-11</sup> m<sup>2</sup>s<sup>-1</sup> and 9.16x10<sup>-12</sup>m<sup>2</sup>s<sup>-1</sup>, respectively. From thermal analysis, made with MDSC, the main triacylglycerols (TAG´s) transitions were obtained. By ATR-FTIR, changes in the 987 and 968 cm<sup>-1</sup> wave numbers, corresponding to the outside plane deformation of C-H bonds in unsaturated fatty acids, were obtained . The UEA could change the material properties by cavitation that enhances the mass transfer, but no oil composition.

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