scholarly journals Short report on probable case of Caspian Gull predation on migrating swallows observed at first time

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 181-184
Author(s):  
Klaudia Litwiniak ◽  
Marcin Przymencki ◽  
Damian Celiński
Keyword(s):  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Weak Condition ◽  
Short Report ◽  
Probable Case ◽  
Larus Cachinnans ◽  
Sw Poland ◽  
Barn Swallows ◽  
Bad Weather ◽  
Migrating Birds ◽  
First Time

AbstractAt Mietków Reservoir (SW Poland), during the breeding season of 2019, we found 52 dead swallows in Caspian Gull (Larus cachinnans) colony. Most of them were Barn Swallows (Hirundo rustica). The bodies of swallows were fresh and torn with traces of bill. We assume that swallows might have been in weak condition and hunted by gulls. They also could die because of bad weather conditions and hypothermia, fell into the water and then were taken. However, to our knowledge, it was the first mass event of feeding on migrating birds by Caspian Gull.

scholarly journals Broad-Scale Weather Patterns Encountered during Flight Influence Landbird Stopover Distributions

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 565 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hannah L. Clipp ◽  
Emily B. Cohen ◽  
Jaclyn A. Smolinsky ◽  
Kyle G. Horton ◽  
Andrew Farnsworth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Weather Patterns ◽  
Synoptic Weather ◽  
Stopover Habitat ◽  
Historic Maps ◽  
Large Water ◽  
Migrating Birds ◽  
Induced Changes ◽  
First Time ◽  
Broad Scale

The dynamic weather conditions that migrating birds experience during flight likely influence where they stop to rest and refuel, particularly after navigating inhospitable terrain or large water bodies, but effects of weather on stopover patterns remain poorly studied. We examined the influence of broad-scale weather conditions encountered by nocturnally migrating Nearctic-Neotropical birds during northward flight over the Gulf of Mexico (GOM) on subsequent coastal stopover distributions. We categorized nightly weather patterns using historic maps and quantified region-wide densities of birds in stopover habitat with data collected by 10 weather surveillance radars from 2008 to 2015. We found spring weather patterns over the GOM were most often favorable for migrating birds, with winds assisting northward flight, and document regional stopover patterns in response to specific unfavorable weather conditions. For example, Midwest Continental High is characterized by strong northerly winds over the western GOM, resulting in high-density concentrations of migrants along the immediate coastlines of Texas and Louisiana. We show, for the first time, that broad-scale weather experienced during flight influences when and where birds stop to rest and refuel. Linking synoptic weather patterns encountered during flight with stopover distributions contributes to the emerging macro-ecological understanding of bird migration, which is critical to consider in systems undergoing rapid human-induced changes.

scholarly journals The History of ASTIN. Invited Lecture at the 50 Years Anniversary of ASTIN

2007 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 191-202 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hans Bühlmann
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Atomic Bomb ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Nuclear Fission ◽  
Von Neumann ◽  
Numerical Integrator ◽  
History Of ◽  
Bad Weather ◽  
First Time

“War is the father of all things”. This sentence of Heraklit (between 540 and 535 BC) has a lot of truth in general. I am quoting it in connection with World War II (1939-1945) and inventions originating in this period.The best known examples of inventions (or first practical use of such invention) are• Nuclear Fission leading to the construction of the atomic bomb and nuclear reactors,• The Programmable Electronic Computer. Best known is the machine of John von Neumann as Los Alamos: Mathematical Analyser Numerical Integrator and Computer (MANIAC),• Radar to guide the airplanes particularly at night and in bad weather conditions,• Penicillin to fight bacteriological diseases.Some of these inventions relied on original discoveries already made before the war, but during the war they were for the first time used on a large scale.

scholarly journals The History of ASTIN. Invited Lecture at the 50 Years Anniversary of ASTIN

2007 ◽  
Vol 37 (02) ◽  
pp. 191-202 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hans Bühlmann
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Atomic Bomb ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Nuclear Fission ◽  
Von Neumann ◽  
Numerical Integrator ◽  
History Of ◽  
Bad Weather ◽  
First Time

“War is the father of all things”. This sentence of Heraklit (between 540 and 535 BC) has a lot of truth in general. I am quoting it in connection with World War II (1939-1945) and inventions originating in this period. The best known examples of inventions (or first practical use of such invention) are • Nuclear Fission leading to the construction of the atomic bomb and nuclear reactors, • The Programmable Electronic Computer. Best known is the machine of John von Neumann as Los Alamos: Mathematical Analyser Numerical Integrator and Computer (MANIAC), • Radar to guide the airplanes particularly at night and in bad weather conditions, • Penicillin to fight bacteriological diseases. Some of these inventions relied on original discoveries already made before the war, but during the war they were for the first time used on a large scale.

CNN-based Rain Reduction in Street View Images

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (1) ◽  
pp. 78-81
Author(s):  
Simone Zini ◽  
Simone Bianco ◽  
Raimondo Schettini
Keyword(s):  
Character Recognition ◽  
Optical Character Recognition ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Specific Interest ◽  
Optical Character ◽  
Street View ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
Bad Weather ◽  
Detection And Recognition

Rain removal from pictures taken under bad weather conditions is a challenging task that aims to improve the overall quality and visibility of a scene. The enhanced images usually constitute the input for subsequent Computer Vision tasks such as detection and classification. In this paper, we present a Convolutional Neural Network, based on the Pix2Pix model, for rain streaks removal from images, with specific interest in evaluating the results of the processing operation with respect to the Optical Character Recognition (OCR) task. In particular, we present a way to generate a rainy version of the Street View Text Dataset (R-SVTD) for "text detection and recognition" evaluation in bad weather conditions. Experimental results on this dataset show that our model is able to outperform the state of the art in terms of two commonly used image quality metrics, and that it is capable to improve the performances of an OCR model to detect and recognise text in the wild.

scholarly journals Cloud icing by mineral dust and impacts to aviation safety

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Slobodan Nickovic ◽  
Bojan Cvetkovic ◽  
Slavko Petković ◽  
Vassilis Amiridis ◽  
Goran Pejanović ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mineral Dust ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Ice Nucleation ◽  
Aircraft Accidents ◽  
Ice Nuclei ◽  
Loss And Damage ◽  
Cloud Ice ◽  
Convective Weather ◽  
First Time ◽  
Engine Power

AbstractIce particles in high-altitude cold clouds can obstruct aircraft functioning. Over the last 20 years, there have been more than 150 recorded cases with engine power-loss and damage caused by tiny cloud ice crystals, which are difficult to detect with aircraft radars. Herein, we examine two aircraft accidents for which icing linked to convective weather conditions has been officially reported as the most likely reason for catastrophic consequences. We analyze whether desert mineral dust, known to be very efficient ice nuclei and present along both aircraft routes, could further augment the icing process. Using numerical simulations performed by a coupled atmosphere-dust model with an included parameterization for ice nucleation triggered by dust aerosols, we show that the predicted ice particle number sharply increases at approximate locations and times of accidents where desert dust was brought by convective circulation to the upper troposphere. We propose a new icing parameter which, unlike existing icing indices, for the first time includes in its calculation the predicted dust concentration. This study opens up the opportunity to use integrated atmospheric-dust forecasts as warnings for ice formation enhanced by mineral dust presence.

To bee or not to beet with neonicotinoids

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 103-109
Author(s):  
Lynda M. Warren
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Environmental Standards ◽  
Economic Interests ◽  
Precautionary Approach ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Commercial Sugar ◽  
The Uk ◽  
First Time

In January 2021 the UK government granted an application for authorisation to use thiamethoxam, a neonicotinoid pesticide, to protect commercial sugar beet crops from attack by viruses transmitted by aphids. This was the first time such an authorisation had been granted in the United Kingdom (UK) and there were concerns that it signalled a weakening of environmental standards now that the UK was no longer part of the European Union. In fact, similar authorisations had been granted by several European Member States in the last 2 years, despite the ban on the use of neonicotinoids introduced in 2018. Nevertheless, the reasons for granting the authorisation do suggest that the balance between adopting a precautionary approach to environmental protection and taking emergency action to protect economic interests may have shifted. It was acknowledged that the proposed mitigation to safeguard bees and other wildlife was not entirely satisfactory. In the end, due to unforeseen weather conditions it meant that the pesticide is not necessary, which in itself demonstrates that short-term emergency measures are unsuitable for dealing with the problem. If the sugar beet industry is to continue to prosper in the UK, it will need to be managed in a way that provides resistance to virus infection without the use of controversial chemicals.

Weather effects on intrahabitat movements of the western green lizard, Lacerta bilineata (Daudin, 1802), at its northern distribution range border: a radio-tracking study

2000 ◽  
Vol 78 (10) ◽  
pp. 1831-1839 ◽  
Author(s):  
P Sound ◽  
M Veith
Keyword(s):  
Activity Patterns ◽  
Strong Dependence ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Distribution Range ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Northern Distribution ◽  
Radio Transmitters ◽  
Movement Parameters ◽  
Bad Weather

Daily activity patterns of male western green lizards, Lacerta bilineata (Daudin, 1802), at the edge of their northern distribution range in western Germany after the breeding season from June to October were recorded using implanted radio transmitters. Different activity indices discriminating between stimulation, duration, and length of movement were correlated with actual weather conditions (d0) and with weather conditions on the 2 previous days (d-1 and d-2). The lizards' dependence on weather showed two different phases throughout the study period. During the first period and in the period preceding a drastic change of weather in midsummer, weather had no significant influence on movement parameters. After that event, temperatures dropped and a strong dependence on weather of all movement parameters except those indicating displacements became apparent. Thresholds for 50% activity during this second phase were a maximum temperature of 17°C and a minimum humidity of 35%. Two days after periods of bad weather, the influence of weather conditions increased again. This can be explained by physiological deficits that require compensation during the period of marginal weather conditions prior to hibernation. Displacement movements were significantly longer than home-range movements and were neither triggered nor modulated by the weather. They must therefore represent activities such as patrolling territory boundaries.

Short-term scheduling problem in smart grid considering reliability improvement in bad weather conditions

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 2521-2533 ◽  
Author(s):  
Babak Yousefi-khangah ◽  
Saeid Ghassemzadeh ◽  
Seyed Hossein Hosseini ◽  
Behnam Mohammadi-Ivatloo
Keyword(s):  
Smart Grid ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Scheduling Problem ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Reliability Improvement ◽  
Bad Weather

scholarly journals Risk Analysis and Management of Moored Ships in Ports

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liliana V. Pinheiro ◽  
Conceição J. E. M. Fortes ◽  
João A. Santos
Keyword(s):  
Integrated Management ◽  
Warning System ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Complete Information ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Modular System ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Sea Waves ◽  
Bad Weather ◽  
Port Areas

The risks associated with mooring of ships are a major concern for port and maritime authorities. Sea waves and extreme weather conditions can lead to excessive movements of vessels and mooring loads affecting the safety of ships, cargo, passengers, crew or port infrastructures. Normally, port activities such as ships’ approach manoeuvres and loading/unloading operations, are conditioned or suspended based solely on weather or wave forecasts, causing large economic losses. Nevertheless, it has been shown that some of the most hazardous events with moored ships happen on days with mild sea and wind conditions, being the culprit long waves and resonance phenomena. Bad weather conditions can be managed with an appropriate or reinforced mooring arrangement. A correct risk assessment must be based on the movements of the ship and on the mooring loads, taking into account all the moored ship’s system. In this paper, the development of a forecast and warning system based on the assessment of risks associated with moored ships in port areas, SWAMS ALERT, is detailed. This modular system can be scaled and adapted to any port, providing decision-makers with accurate and complete information on the behaviour of moored ships, movements and mooring loads, allowing a better planning and integrated management of port areas.

scholarly journals Sugarcane stems as larval habitat for the stable fly (Stomoxys calcitrans) in sugarcane plantations

2013 ◽  
Vol 33 (6) ◽  
pp. 741-744 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paulo H.D. Cançado ◽  
Taciany Ferreira ◽  
Eliane M. Piranda ◽  
Cleber O. Soares
Keyword(s):  
Primary Source ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Larval Habitat ◽  
Stomoxys Calcitrans ◽  
Stable Fly ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
Larval Habitats ◽  
Control Programs ◽  
Bad Weather ◽  
Mato Grosso Do Sul

Outbreaks of stable fly, Stomoxys calcitrans, cause losses for livestock producers located near sugarcane mills in Brazil, especially in southern Mato Grosso do Sul. The sugarcane mills are often pointed by local farmers as the primary source of these outbreaks; some mills also joined the farmers in combating the flies. Brazilian beef cattle production has great economic importance in similar level to bio-fuel production as ethanol. In this context, the wide-ranging knowledge on the biology and ecology of the stable fly, including larval habitats and their reproduction sites is extremely important for further development of control programs. This paper aims to report the occurrence and development of S. calcitrans larvae inside sugarcane stems in three municipalities of Mato Grosso do Sul. The sugarcane stems give protection against bad weather conditions and insecticide application. In this way, for sustainable sugarcane growth specific research concerning this situation should be conducted.

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