scholarly journals Application of Technical Measures and Software in Constructing Photorealistic 3D Models of Historical Building Using Ground-Based and Aerial (UAV) Digital Images

2015 ◽  
Vol 99 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksander Zarnowski ◽  
Anna Banaszek ◽  
Sebastian Banaszek
Keyword(s):  
Digital Images ◽  
3D Models ◽  
3D Modelling ◽  
Historical Buildings ◽  
Historical Building ◽  
Development Data ◽  
Digital Documentation ◽  
Last Stage ◽  
Analogue To Digital ◽  
Technical Measures

Abstract Preparing digital documentation of historical buildings is a form of protecting cultural heritage. Recently there have been several intensive studies using non-metric digital images to construct realistic 3D models of historical buildings. Increasingly often, non-metric digital images are obtained with unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV). Technologies and methods of UAV flights are quite different from traditional photogrammetric approaches. The lack of technical guidelines for using drones inhibits the process of implementing new methods of data acquisition. This paper presents the results of experiments in the use of digital images in the construction of photo-realistic 3D model of a historical building (Raphaelsohns’ Sawmill in Olsztyn). The aim of the study at the first stage was to determine the meteorological and technical conditions for the acquisition of aerial and ground-based photographs. At the next stage, the technology of 3D modelling was developed using only ground-based or only aerial non-metric digital images. At the last stage of the study, an experiment was conducted to assess the possibility of 3D modelling with the comprehensive use of aerial (UAV) and ground-based digital photographs in terms of their labour intensity and precision of development. Data integration and automatic photo-realistic 3D construction of the models was done with Pix4Dmapper and Agisoft PhotoScan software Analyses have shown that when certain parameters established in an experiment are kept, the process of developing the stock-taking documentation for a historical building moves from the standards of analogue to digital technology with considerably reduced cost.

scholarly journals RPAS AND TLS TECNIQUES FOR ARCHAEOLOGICAL SURVEY: THE CASE STUDY OF THE ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITE OF ERACLEA MINOA (ITALY)

2017 ◽  
Vol XLII-2/W3 ◽  
pp. 433-438 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Lo Brutto ◽  
R. Sciortino ◽  
A. Garraffa
Keyword(s):  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Archaeological Site ◽  
3D Models ◽  
3D Modelling ◽  
Archaeological Sites ◽  
Archaeological Survey ◽  
Remotely Piloted Aircraft ◽  
Digital Documentation ◽  
Aircraft System ◽  
The Individual

Digital documentation and 3D modelling of archaeological sites are important for understanding, definition and recognition of the values of the sites and of the archaeological finds. The most part of archaeological sites are outdoor location, but a cover to preserve the ruins protects often parts of the sites. The possibility to acquire data with different techniques and merge them by using a single reference system allows creating multi-parties models in which 3D representations of the individual objects can be inserted. <br><br> The paper presents the results of a recent study carried out by Geomatics Laboratory of University of Palermo for the digital documentation and 3D modelling of Eraclea Minoa archaeological site. This site is located near Agrigento, in the south of Sicily (Italy) and is one of the most famous ancient Greek colonies of Sicily. The paper presents the results of the integration of different data source to survey the Eraclea Minoa archaeological site. The application of two highly versatile recording systems, the TLS (Terrestrial Laser Scanning) and the RPAS (Remotely Piloted Aircraft System), allowed the Eraclea Minoa site to be documented in high resolution and with high accuracy. The integration of the two techniques has demonstrated the possibility to obtain high quality and accurate 3D models in archaeological survey.

scholarly journals MANAGEMENT OF MESH FEATURES IN 3D REALITY-BASED POLYGONAL MODELS TO SUPPORT NON-INVASIVE STRUCTURAL DIAGNOSIS AND EMERGENCY ANALYSIS IN THE CONTEXT OF EARTHQUAKE HERITAGE IN ITALY

2021 ◽  
Vol XLVI-M-1-2021 ◽  
pp. 173-180
Author(s):  
R. De Marco ◽  
S. Parrinello
Keyword(s):  
Structural Integrity ◽  
Central Italy ◽  
3D Models ◽  
Historical Building ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Site Survey ◽  
Source Data ◽  
Morphological Detail ◽  
Digital Documentation ◽  
Modeling Strategy

Abstract. In the context of non-invasive documentation for the prevention of built heritage, digital surveying and the development of 3D models are widely applied. They have highlighted, with increasing reliability, the opportunities for knowledge and mapping on emerging damages related to safety and structural integrity. However, these processes can reach high-quality results on morphological structural detail, useful as source data for static analysis on the built structures. In this way, 3D models serve as source data for preliminary diagnostics on the causes of drift and deformation mechanisms.The research aims to validate the proposed strategy on the case study of a masonry historical building damaged by the 2016 earthquake in Central Italy, to configure the mesh modeling strategy as a scientific example capable of orienting 3D modeling practices for structural non-invasive diagnosis, also in emergency requirements of intervention. The analysis of the damage mechanisms was performed by exploiting the morphological detail of the virtual surfaces to operate a direct segmentation, automated through the recognition of Feature Regions entities. It was based on the collaboration among professionals and technicians of the Emergency Support Department of EUCENTRE and DAda-LAB researchers of University of Pavia, to evaluate appropriate procedures of digital documentation for on-site survey in sites affected by emergency conditions of post-earthquake damage.

scholarly journals Digital Graphic Documentation and Architectural Heritage: Deformations in a 16th-Century Ceiling of the Pinelo Palace in Seville (Spain)

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 85
Author(s):  
Juan Reinoso-Gordo ◽  
Antonio Gámiz-Gordo ◽  
Pedro Barrero-Ortega
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Digital Image ◽  
Digital Images ◽  
Laser Scanner ◽  
16Th Century ◽  
Southern Europe ◽  
Architectural Heritage ◽  
Digital Documentation ◽  
First Time

Suitable graphic documentation is essential to ascertain and conserve architectural heritage. For the first time, accurate digital images are provided of a 16th-century wooden ceiling, composed of geometric interlacing patterns, in the Pinelo Palace in Seville. Today, this ceiling suffers from significant deformation. Although there are many publications on the digital documentation of architectural heritage, no graphic studies on this type of deformed ceilings have been presented. This study starts by providing data on the palace history concerning the design of geometric interlacing patterns in carpentry according to the 1633 book by López de Arenas, and on the ceiling consolidation in the 20th century. Images were then obtained using two complementary procedures: from a 3D laser scanner, which offers metric data on deformations; and from photogrammetry, which facilitates the visualisation of details. In this way, this type of heritage is documented in an innovative graphic approach, which is essential for its conservation and/or restoration with scientific foundations and also to disseminate a reliable digital image of the most beautiful ceiling of this Renaissance palace in southern Europe.

3D modelling of laser scanned and photogrammetric data for digital documentation: the Mosteiro da Batalha case study

2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 673-688 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adriano Oliveira ◽  
João F. Oliveira ◽  
João M. Pereira ◽  
Bruno R. de Araújo ◽  
João Boavida
Keyword(s):  
3D Modelling ◽  
Digital Documentation

Virtual tourism on the example of the defunct Koscelisko medieval church in the North-Western Slovakia

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 96-107
Author(s):  
Pavel HRONČEK ◽  
◽  
Karol WEIS ◽  
Vladimír ČECH
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
Web Application ◽  
Interdisciplinary Approach ◽  
Field Research ◽  
3D Models ◽  
Primary Objective ◽  
Historical Buildings ◽  
High Quality ◽  
The North ◽  
Medieval Church

The primary objective of this paper is to present opportunities for creating virtual 3D models of defunct historical buildings, reconstructed on the basis of archival and field research, and the effective promotion and visualisation of such models through a thematic web application. The secondary objective is to increase the tourism potential and attractiveness of the various historical sites and the studied region. The comprehensive methodical processing of documents and the creation of 3D models of objects and other digital visualisation requires not only high-quality programmers and graphic artists, but especially scientists who create historically-relevant descriptive texts, real schemes, and historically acceptable models that can be computer-processed, visualised, and used as an effective tool for the development of tourism. Research and follow-up activities require an interdisciplinary approach, i.e. the cooperation of experts from various disciplines. The research processed in this study points out that even simple, now widely available modern means of communication, such as websites, can be effectively used for the promotion and publicity of this type of attraction. High-quality 3D models and visualisations of buildings and specific destinations, or cultural and technical monuments, can thus become available to tourists also outside museums. This paper introduces the opportunities of digital presentation of preserved, partially defunct and, especially, completely defunct historical buildings and sites that are often almost unknown to tourists. In many cases, only their shells or foundations remain. In terms of cultural heritage conservation and monument protection, these sites are often among the most important religious buildings from various historical periods. This study focuses on the Middle Ages and locations in Slovakia (former Hungary), and presents a methodology that is generally applicable for the research and visualisation of any similar cultural sites, and thus opening up their potential to tourists.

scholarly journals ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN METHODS OF RENOVATION OF INTERIORS OF HISTORICAL BUILDINGS

2020 ◽  
pp. 272-280
Author(s):  
E. Turikova ◽  
◽  
O. Nedoshytko ◽  
A. Akopova ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visual Field ◽  
Architectural Design ◽  
Human Factor ◽  
Structural Basis ◽  
Historical Buildings ◽  
Historical Building ◽  
Student Work ◽  
Interior Spaces ◽  
Light Color ◽  
Initial Geometry

In this article specific examples of historical interiors are identified and characterized, environment-forming factors determining the individuality of the historic interior and its renovation strategy are highlighted; shows the methods of renovation andreprofiling of historical interiors, their selection and testing in real environmental conditions.The historical buildings that make up the golden fund for the development of old cities often carry a bunch of contradictions: their interiors do not alwaysmeet today's requirements for the geometry of interior spaces, their hygiene, lighting, acoustics; the structural basis does not allow to increase the load; they are not designed for new functions, modes of operation, flows of people, etc.; the existing aesthetic system contradicts modern materials and stylistic priorities. Incorrect adaptation of historical interiors to a foreign function leads to irreplaceable cultural and artistic losses. Therefore, it is relevant to identify techniques for the renovation of historical interiors, architectural and design tools to ensure consistent interaction of the historical foundation and modern equipment.The study allowed to clarify the concept of “interior of a historic building”; to reveal the factors that determine the design approaches to the renovation of the interior: initial geometry, hue-color certainty and potential, artistic and stylistic integrity, scenographic potential, sanitary-hygienic and ergonomic, safety, human factor, compositional reality and potential. The identified factors made it possible to formulate the tasks and means of renovating aspecific historical interior. The methods of renovation are: the introduction of a contrasting accent; creation of alternative environmental and stylistic scenarios, points and perspectives of perception; use of environmentalinstallations from equipment; the formation of a single visual field of the interior and exterior through the use of font, elements of historical style.The article “Architectural and design techniques for renovating the interiors of historical buildings” clarifies the concept of “interior of a historical building”. The features of such interiors were identified and characterized, environment-forming factors determining the individuality of the historical interior and the strategy for its renovation, as well as design approaches to interior renovation: initial geometry, light-color certainty and potential, artistic and stylistic integrity, scenographic potential, sanitary-hygienic and ergonomic, were identified, security, human factor, compositional givenness and potential. The methods of renovation and reprofiling of historical interiors are shown, they are selected and tested in real environmental conditions. The identified factors made it possible to formulate the tasks and means of renovating aspecific historical interior. The methods of renovation are: the introduction of a contrasting accent; creation of alternative environmental and stylistic scenarios, points and perspectives of perception; use of environmental installations from equipment; the formation of a single visual field of the interior and exterior through the use of font, elements of historical style. The article is illustrated with graphic materials from the course student work (Art. Yulia Shtyrbu).

scholarly journals FROM ARCHIVE DOCUMENTATION TO ONLINE 3D MODEL VISUALIZATION OF NO LONGER EXISTING STRUCTURES: THE TURIN 1911 PROJECT

2020 ◽  
Vol XLIII-B2-2020 ◽  
pp. 837-844
Author(s):  
D. Einaudi ◽  
A. Spreafico ◽  
F. Chiabrando ◽  
C. Della Coletta
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
3D Model ◽  
3D Models ◽  
World's Fair ◽  
Existing Structures ◽  
Present Generation ◽  
Technical Issues ◽  
Digital Documentation ◽  
3D Documentation ◽  
Model Visualization

Abstract. Rebuilding the past of cultural heritage through digitization, archiving and visualization by means of digital technology is becoming an emerging issue to ensure the transmission of physical and digital documentation to future generations as evidence of culture, but also to enable present generation to enlarge, facilitate and cross relate data and information in new ways. In this global effort, the digital 3D documentation of no longer existing cultural heritage can be essential for the understanding of past events and nowadays, various digital techniques and tools are developing for multiple purposes.In the present research the entire workflow, starting from archive documentation collection and digitization to the 3D models metrically controlled creation and online sharing, is considered. The technical issues to obtain a detail 3D model are examined stressing limits and potentiality of 3D reconstruction of disappeared heritage and its visualization exploiting three complexes belonging to 1911 Turin World’s Fair.

scholarly journals INTERACTIVE IMMERSIVE VIRTUALMUSEUM: DIGITAL DOCUMENTATION FOR VIRTUAL INTERACTION

2018 ◽  
Vol XLII-2 ◽  
pp. 251-257 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Clini ◽  
L. Ruggeri ◽  
R. Angeloni ◽  
M. Sasso
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
3D Models ◽  
Fragile Sites ◽  
Virtual Space ◽  
Public Access ◽  
Immersive Virtual Reality ◽  
Educational Approach ◽  
Digital Documentation ◽  
Roman Forum

Thanks to their playful and educational approach Virtual Museum systems are very effective for the communication of Cultural Heritage. Among the latest technologies Immersive Virtual Reality is probably the most appealing and potentially effective to serve this purpose; nevertheless, due to a poor user-system interaction, caused by an incomplete maturity of a specific technology for museum applications, it is still quite uncommon to find immersive installations in museums.<br> This paper explore the possibilities offered by this technology and presents a workflow that, starting from digital documentation, makes possible an interaction with archaeological finds or any other cultural heritage inside different kinds of immersive virtual reality spaces.<br> Two different cases studies are presented: the National Archaeological Museum of Marche in Ancona and the 3D reconstruction of the Roman Forum of Fanum Fortunae. Two different approaches not only conceptually but also in contents; while the Archaeological Museum is represented in the application simply using spherical panoramas to give the perception of the third dimension, the Roman Forum is a 3D model that allows visitors to move in the virtual space as in the real one.<br> In both cases, the acquisition phase of the artefacts is central; artefacts are digitized with the photogrammetric technique Structure for Motion then they are integrated inside the immersive virtual space using a PC with a HTC Vive system that allows the user to interact with the 3D models turning the manipulation of objects into a fun and exciting experience.<br> The challenge, taking advantage of the latest opportunities made available by photogrammetry and ICT, is to enrich visitors’ experience in Real Museum making possible the interaction with perishable, damaged or lost objects and the public access to inaccessible or no longer existing places promoting in this way the preservation of fragile sites.

scholarly journals BIM Open Source Software (OSS) for the documentation of cultural heritage

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (15) ◽  
pp. 28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sotiris Logothetis ◽  
Efstratios Stylianidis
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Open Source ◽  
Software Industry ◽  
3D Models ◽  
Design Data ◽  
Industry Foundation Classes ◽  
Digital Reconstruction ◽  
Building Information ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Digital Documentation

<p class="VARAbstract">The Building Information Modelling (BIM) software enables the users to communicate and design, understand appearance, performance and cost in the spatial and urban design process. Another important use of the BIM technology is the documentation and 3D reconstruction of cultural heritage monuments. The appropriate BIM software equips the users with tools to easily capture and analyse concepts and maintain the coordination of design data through documentation and 3D modelling. Many developments come up in the BIM field and software industry for design, construction-reconstruction, restoration and management of the cultural heritage 3D models, using BIM tools; mainly commercial as well as free or open source. Nevertheless, recently the growing popularity of open source has altered the landscape in software industry, as they attract many users.</p><p class="VARAbstract">This paper presents a review of some recent research on the topic. We review the recent developments focusing on the OSS that can be used at various stages of BIM process in the digital documentation of cultural heritage. The results show that there is more preference in the commercial software due to the fact that the OSS is not yet complete and covers all stages of the BIM process. However, lately we have the Edificius in architectural BIM design and “BIM Vision” as Industry Foundation Classes (IFC) model viewer that try to attract as many users as possible. These tools are free and they could well be used for the digital reconstruction of cultural heritage.</p>

Low Cost Methods Used to Create 3D Models

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Chmurzynska ◽  
Karolina Hejbudzka ◽  
Andrzej Dumalski
Keyword(s):  
Laser Scanning ◽  
3D Model ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
3D Models ◽  
3D Modelling ◽  
Kinect Sensor ◽  
Applied Technology ◽  
Gaming Environment

During the last years the softwares and applications that can produce 3D models using low-cost methods have become very popular. What is more, they can be successfully competitive with the classical methods. The most wellknown and applied technology used to create 3D models has been laser scanning so far. However it is still expensive because of the price of the device and software. That is why the universality and accessibility of this method is very limited. Hence, the new low cost methods of obtaining the data needed to generate 3D models appeare on the market and creating 3D models have become much easier and accessible to a wider group of people. Because of their advantages they can be competitive with the laser scanning. One of the methods uses digital photos to create 3D models. Available software allows us to create a model and object geometry. Also very popular in the gaming environment device – Kinect Sensor can be successfully used as a different method to create 3D models. This article presents basic issues of 3D modelling and application of various devices, which are commonly used in our life and they can be used to generate a 3D model as well. Their results are compared with the model derived from the laser scanning. The acquired results with graphic presentations and possible ways of applications are also presented in this paper.

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