Comparative study of two forms of aro A CP4 gene in Escherichia coli

Biologia ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 62 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Satheesh Natarajan ◽  
Stanislav Stuchlík ◽  
Martina Kukučková ◽  
Veronika Renczésová ◽  
Silvia Vávrová ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Genetically Modified ◽  
Genetically Modified Crops ◽  
Genetically Modified Food ◽  
Truncated Form ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Aroa Gene ◽  
Cp4 Epsps ◽  
Herbicide Glyphosate

AbstractThe enzyme CP4 5-enolpyruvyl shikimate-3-phosphate synthase (EPSPS; EC 2.5.1.19) from Agrobacterium tumefaciens CP4, encoded by the aroA gene, has been used for the construction of genetically modified crops resistant to total herbicide glyphosate. During the study of possible horizontal gene transfer of aroA CP4 gene from genetically modified food in gastrointestinal tract to bacterial community living in the animal gut, we have discovered and characterized truncated form of aroA CP4 within the cloning experiments in Escherichia coli. We have compared properties of the recombinant E. coli strains with both CP4 EPSPS enzyme forms.

scholarly journals Potential Transference of CP4 EPSPS to Weed Species from Genetically Modified Gossypium hirsutum in Northern Mexico

2018 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 294-299
Author(s):  
Amada TORRES ◽  
Juan José REYES-PÉREZ ◽  
Cándido MÁRQUEZ-HERNÁNDEZ ◽  
Josué ESTRADA-ARELLANO ◽  
Juan Ramón ESPARZA-RIVERA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Flow ◽  
Gossypium Hirsutum ◽  
Genetically Modified ◽  
Genetically Modified Crops ◽  
Wild Plant ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Genetically Modified Cotton ◽  
Biological Target ◽  
Cp4 Epsps ◽  
Herbicide Glyphosate

The family of enzymes 5-enolpiruvil shikimato-3-phosphate synthase (EPSPS) is found in plants and microorganisms. The substrates of this enzyme are phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) and 3-phospho-shikimate and their products are phosphate and 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate that is the biological target of the herbicide glyphosate, which is used in genetically modified crops. The interaction between cultivated genetically modified plants (GMP) and wild plant species could be a transference source of transgenes. Presence of transgenes could be cause and adverse environmental impact on non-target organisms. Gossypium hirsutum genotype Bollgard II® is a GMP with tolerance to herbicide glyphosate and it has been cultivated during 20 years in Mexico and the possibility to gene flow primary in congeners of the Malvaceae family is possible. The objective of this study was to quantify and identify weed species associated to genetically modified cotton fields and to detect the present of glyphosate-insensitive EPSP synthases (CP4 EPSPS) in these species. The results showed that plants of the families Amaranthaceae, Asteraceae, Boraginaceae, Chenopodiaceae, Convolvulaceae, Fabaceae, Malvaceae, Poaceae, Portulacaceae, Solanaceae and Zygophyllaceae are present in the study site. Twenty-five weed species belonging to these botanical families were collected and identified in the site. From these, two species of the Malvaceae family with potential risk of gene flow plants, Anoda cristata and Sida hederacea were identified in the site; however, the CP4 EPSPS protein was not detected in none of the collected weed species and only the GM genotype Bollgard II® was positive to the CP4 EPSPS protein in the study site.

Inhibition of Escherichia coli Translocation from the Gastrointestinal Tract by Normal Cecal Flora in Gnotobiotic or Antibiotic-Decontaminated Mice

1980 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 1073-1081
Author(s):  
Rodney D. Berg
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Bacterial Flora ◽  
Specific Pathogen Free ◽  
Mesenteric Lymph Nodes ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Mesenteric Lymph ◽  
Specific Pathogen ◽  
Gnotobiotic Mice

Escherichia coli C25 maintained population levels of 10 9 to 10 10 per g of cecum and translocated to 100% of the middle mesenteric lymph nodes in gnotobiotic mice monoassociated with E. coli C25. Intragastric inoculation of these mice with the cecal contents from specific-pathogen-free mice reduced the population levels of E. coli C25 to 10 6 per g of cecum and completely inhibited translocation to the mesenteric lymph nodes. Intragastric inoculation with heat-treated, Formalintreated, or filtered cecal contents did not reduce the population levels of E. coli C25 or reduce the incidence of translocation of E. coli C25 to the mesenteric lymph nodes. Thus, viable bacteria apparently are required in the cecal contents inocula to reduce the population levels and the incidence of translocation of E. coli C25. Treatment with streptomycin plus bacitracin decreased the anaerobic bacterial levels in these gnotobiotic mice, allowing increased population levels of E. coli C25 and increased translocation to the mesenteric lymph nodes. E. coli C25 also translocated to the mesenteric lymph nodes of specific-pathogen-free mice treated with streptomycin and bacitracin before colonization with E. coli C25. The high cecal population levels of E. coli C25 in these antibiotic-decontaminated specific-pathogen-free mice apparently overwhelm any barrier to translocation exerted by the immunologically developed lamina propria of the specific-pathogen-free mice. Inoculation of gnotobiotic mice with a cecal flora also reduced the population levels of an indigenous strain of E. coli with a concomitant inhibition of translocation of the indigenous E. coli to the mesenteric lymph nodes. Thus, bacterial antagonism of the gastrointestinal population levels of certain indigenous bacteria, such as E. coli , by other members of the normal bacterial flora appears to be an important defense mechanism confining bacteria to the gastrointestinal tract.

scholarly journals Identification and Probiotic Potency Screening of Cellulolytic Bacilli Isolated from Fecal Pellets and Gastrointestinal Tract of Nypha Worm (Namalycastis rhodochorde), West Kalimantan, Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 189-195
Author(s):  
TR Setyawati ◽  
AH Yanti ◽  
R. Kurniatuhadi
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Organic Acids ◽  
Acid Tolerance ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Bacterial Identification ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Fecal Pellets ◽  
West Kalimantan ◽  
E Coli

The bacterial isolates NrLtF1, NrLtF4, NrLtF5, and NrLtG2 isolated from fecal pellets and gastrointestinal tract of nypha worms (Namalycastis rhodochorde) have cellulolytic, proteolytic activity and produce organic acids. The four isolates have the potency to be developed as probiotics in nypha worm cultivation feed. This study aims to determine the probiotics potency and identify the species of NrLtF1, NrLtF4, NrLtF5, and NrLtG2 isolate based on 16srDNA sequence. The probiotic potency was carried out by the acid tolerance assays on distilled water and 0.3% acid bile media, and the antimicrobial testing against Escherichia coli (MF exp21.12). Bacterial identification was carried out by sequencing of 16sDNA sequence based on GeneBank data. The results showed that the bacterial isolates of NrLtF1, NrLtF4, NrLtF5, and NrLtG2 were able to grow on 0.3% distilled water and acid bile media. However, only the NrLtF4 and NrLtF5 inhibited E. coli (MF exp21.12) with halo zones 30 mm and 18 mm, respectively. Blasting results of the 16srDNA sequences showed that the NrLtF1, NrLtF4, NrLtF5, and NrLtG2 were closely related to Bacillus wiedmannii, Brevibacterium sediminis, Bacillus proteolyticus, and Bacillus paramycoides. The nypha worm bacterial isolates have the potency to be developed as probiotics in nypha worm culture.

scholarly journals Molecular Characterization of Commensal Escherichia coli Adapted to Different Compartments of the Porcine Gastrointestinal Tract

2012 ◽  
Vol 78 (19) ◽  
pp. 6799-6803 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sam Abraham ◽  
David M. Gordon ◽  
James Chin ◽  
Huub J. M. Brouwers ◽  
Peter Njuguna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Content Type ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Plasmid Replicon ◽  
Different Strains ◽  
Different Characteristics

ABSTRACTThe role ofEscherichia colias a pathogen has been the focus of considerable study, while much less is known about it as a commensal and how it adapts to and colonizes different environmental niches within the mammalian gut. In this study, we characterizeEscherichia coliorganisms (n= 146) isolated from different regions of the intestinal tracts of eight pigs (dueodenum, ileum, colon, and feces). The isolates were typed using the method of random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and screened for the presence of bacteriocin genes and plasmid replicon types. Molecular analysis of variance using the RAPD data showed thatE. coliisolates are nonrandomly distributed among different gut regions, and that gut region accounted for 25% (P< 0.001) of the observed variation among strains. Bacteriocin screening revealed that a bacteriocin gene was detected in 45% of the isolates, with 43% carrying colicin genes and 3% carrying microcin genes. Of the bacteriocins observed (H47, E3, E1, E2, E7, Ia/Ib, and B/M), the frequency with which they were detected varied with respect to gut region for the colicins E2, E7, Ia/Ib, and B/M. The plasmid replicon typing gave rise to 25 profiles from the 13 Inc types detected. Inc F types were detected most frequently, followed by Inc HI1 and N types. Of the Inc types detected, 7 were nonrandomly distributed among isolates from the different regions of the gut. The results of this study indicate that not only may the different regions of the gastrointestinal tract harbor different strains ofE. colibut also that strains from different regions have different characteristics.

Farmers prevailing perception profiles regarding GM crops: A classification proposal

2018 ◽  
Vol 27 (8) ◽  
pp. 952-966 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carla Almeida ◽  
Luisa Massarani
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Genetically Modified Organisms ◽  
Genetically Modified ◽  
Genetically Modified Crops ◽  
Stakeholder Group ◽  
Gm Crops ◽  
Genetically Modified Food ◽  
Public Controversy ◽  
Complex Variety

Genetically modified organisms have been at the centre of a major public controversy, involving different interests and actors. While much attention has been devoted to consumer views on genetically modified food, there have been few attempts to understand the perceptions of genetically modified technology among farmers. By investigating perceptions of genetically modified organisms among Brazilian farmers, we intend to contribute towards filling this gap and thereby add the views of this stakeholder group to the genetically modified debate. A comparative analysis of our data and data from other studies indicate there is a complex variety of views on genetically modified organisms among farmers. Despite this diversity, we found variations in such views occur within limited parameters, concerned principally with expectations or concrete experiences regarding the advantages of genetically modified crops, perceptions of risks associated with them, and ethical questions they raise. We then propose a classification of prevailing profiles to represent the spectrum of perceptions of genetically modified organisms among farmers.

scholarly journals Isolation of Bifidobacterium from Infant’s Feces and Its Antimicrobial Activity

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 00002
Author(s):  
Dyah Fitri Kusharyati ◽  
Pancrasia Maria Hendrati ◽  
Dini Ryandini ◽  
Tsani Abu Manshur ◽  
Meilany Ariati Dewi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Lactic Acid Bacteria ◽  
Inhibition Activity ◽  
Antimicrobial Substance ◽  
Inhibitory Zone ◽  
E Coli

<p class="Abstract"><i>Bifidobacterium</i> is a group of Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB) that commonly found in the gastrointestinal tract and vagina. LAB has many health benefits, such as produce an antimicrobial substance against a pathogen. This research aims to isolate <i>Bifidobacterium</i> from an infant’s feces and know its antimicrobial activity against <i>Escherichia coli</i> and <i>Candida albicans.</i> A total of 5 isolates <i>Bifidobacterium</i> spp. were isolated from the sample. <span lang="EN">The largest inhibitory activity against <i>E. coli</i> was shown by isolate Bb3F, with the inhibitory zone of 10.80 mm. While the largest inhibition activity against <i>C. albicans</i> was shown by isolate Bb1B and Bb3F with the inhibitory zone of 9.70 mm.</span><o:p></o:p></p>

scholarly journals COLONIZATION OF THE MOUSE INTESTINE WITH ESCHERICHIA COLI

1965 ◽  
Vol 122 (4) ◽  
pp. 745-757 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rose Mushin ◽  
Rene Dubos
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Intestinal Tract ◽  
Intestinal Infection ◽  
Stomach Tube ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Swiss Mice ◽  
Suggestive Evidence ◽  
Enteropathogenic Strain ◽  
Mouse Intestine

Young albino Swiss mice, of the NCS and NCS-D colonies, proved highly susceptible to the establishment of intestinal infection with an enteropathogenic strain of E. coli administered per os or by stomach tube. The period of highest susceptibility was rather short, extending from the day of birth to approximately 2 weeks of age. Adult NCS and NCS-D mice failed to become experimentally colonized with E. coli, even when large doses were administered per os on 3 consecutive days. The extent of colonization of the various parts of the gastrointestinal tract was related to the size of the infective dose. Many of the young mice died within 2 to 3 days following per os infection with large doses of enteropathogenic E. coli. However, practically all the animals which survived cleared their intestinal infection at approximately the same age. For example, in mice infected with 23 x 106 bacteria, colonization of the intestinal tract usually came to an abrupt end when the animals were 24 to 28 days old, irrespective of the age at which they had been infected. There is suggestive evidence that the acquisition of resistance with age, and the ability of adult animals to control the intestinal infection, are related to the development in the gastrointestinal tract of a microbiota which is antagonistic to E. coli.

scholarly journals Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Other E. coli Strains Share Physiological Properties Associated with Intestinal Colonization

2009 ◽  
Vol 75 (13) ◽  
pp. 4633-4635 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa Jacobsen ◽  
Lisa Durso ◽  
Tyrell Conway ◽  
Kenneth W. Nickerson
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Escherichia Coli O157 ◽  
Intestinal Colonization ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Physiological Properties ◽  
Gastrointestinal Colonization

ABSTRACT Escherichia coli isolates (72 commensal and 10 O157:H7 isolates) were compared with regard to physiological and growth parameters related to their ability to survive and persist in the gastrointestinal tract and found to be similar. We propose that nonhuman hosts in E. coli O157:H7 strains function similarly to other E. coli strains in regard to attributes relevant to gastrointestinal colonization.

Diversity analysis of commensal porcine Escherichia coli – associations between genotypes and habitat in the porcine gastrointestinal tract

Microbiology ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 150 (6) ◽  
pp. 1735-1740 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sameer M. Dixit ◽  
David M. Gordon ◽  
Xi-Yang Wu ◽  
Toni Chapman ◽  
Kaila Kailasapathy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Antagonistic Activity ◽  
Enzyme Electrophoresis ◽  
Factor Screening ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Genetic Groups ◽  
Group A ◽  
Diversity Studies ◽  
Clonal Composition

Diversity studies of enteric Escherichia coli have relied almost entirely on faecal isolations on the assumption that they are representative of flora found throughout the gastrointestinal tract. The authors have addressed this belief by analysing isolates obtained from the duodenum, ileum, colon and faeces of pigs. E. coli isolates were obtained from eight pigs and characterized using multi-locus enzyme electrophoresis and PCR-based screening for a range of factors thought to be associated with intestinal and extra-intestinal disease. There are four main genetic groups of commensal E. coli (A, B1, B2, D). Group A strains represented 76 % of the isolates from the duodenum, ileum and colon compared to 58 % of the strains isolated from faeces. A nested molecular analysis of variance based on the allozyme and virulence factor screening results showed that differences among individual pigs accounted for 6 % of the observed genetic diversity, whilst 27 % of the genetic variation could be explained by clonal composition differences among gut regions. Finally, the absence of virulence genes in these commensals indicates that they may be suitable as a probiotic consortium, particularly if they also display increased adherence to enterocytes and antagonistic activity against pathogenic strains of E. coli.

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