Antioxidant responses of halophyte plant Aeluropus littoralis under long-term salinity stress

Biologia ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 69 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mostafa Modarresi ◽  
Fatemeh Moradian ◽  
Ghorban Nematzadeh
Keyword(s):  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Ascorbate Peroxidase ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Activity Assay ◽  
Biotic And Abiotic Stresses ◽  
Aeluropus Littoralis ◽  
Antioxidant Responses ◽  
The World

AbstractSalinity influences the agricultural production all over the world. This constrain, similar to others biotic and abiotic stresses generate the reactive oxygen species such as superoxide, hydrogen peroxide and hydroxyl radicals. In the evolution process of halophyte plants the mechanisms to detoxify ROS, such as antioxidant enzymes, have been developed. Aeluropus littoralis is a special halophyte that selected to our research, so the plants treated with NaCl at different salt concentration (0, 250, 450 and 650 mM) for a period 45 days. Leaves and roots (separately) collected and their proteins extracted for superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), ascorbate peroxidase (APX) and peroxidase (POD) activity assay. Meanwhile the electrolyte leakage of leaves analyzed and increased at 450 and 650 mM of NaCl concentrations. Superoxide dismutase and catalase showed same pattern for changing in enzymatic activities (increasing activity by salt stress in roots and decreasing in shoot at 450 and 650 mM stress), also peroxidase and ascorbate peroxidase activity almost increased in all stress conditions.

scholarly journals Enzymatic antioxidant responses to biostimulants in maize and soybean subjected to drought

2009 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
pp. 395-402 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Carolina Feitosa de Vasconcelos ◽  
Xunzhong Zhang ◽  
Erik H. Ervin ◽  
Jorge de Castro Kiehl
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Water Stress ◽  
Stomatal Closure ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Physiological Changes ◽  
Antioxidant Responses ◽  
Oxidative Processes ◽  
Soybean Plants

Water stress is one of the most important environmental factors inducing physiological changes in plants, such as decrease in the water potential of the cells, the stomatal closure; and the development of oxidative processes mediated by reactive oxygen species (ROS). Antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) are efficient scavengers of ROS. The aim of this research was to examine how the application of biostimulant based on humic substances and aminoacids may affect activity levels of SOD, CAT, and APX of maize and soybean plants under well-watered or drought stress conditions. Pots (4.5 L) were filled with a Typic Hapludult soil where the biostimulants doses were applied. It was taken leaf samples in order to analyze SOD, CAT, and APX activities in plants. SOD and APX activity levels were increased by application of biostimulant 1 in maize subjected to stress. Catalase activity was not enhanced in plants by using the biostimulants. The composition of the biostimulants was not able to enhance stress tolerance in maize and soybean plants subjected to water stress.

On the methodology of analysis of agri-food markets as a basis for forecasting their development

2021 ◽  
pp. 2-7
Author(s):  
E.N. Krylatakh ◽  
◽  
E.Yu. Frolova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Production ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
The State ◽  
Food Markets ◽  
National Market ◽  
The World ◽  
Modern Methods ◽  
Exogenous Factors ◽  
Operational Activities

The economy in general and agriculture in particular around the world have experienced a number of exogenous factors in recent years. Forecast estimates of agri-food markets provide guidance for development under different scenarios, including taking into account external and internal shocks, which makes it possible to form a flexible policy to support agricultural production at the state and regional levels. High-quality forecasts allow private businesses to make investments and conduct operational activities, taking into account possible risks. In this regard, the relevance of developing a methodology for forecasting the market of agri-food products has significantly increased. The methodology based on modern methods and models includes an analysis of the state of the world and national market in the context of regions, the structure of producers for the previous long-term period, including an assessment of the main trends, factors, and measures of state regulation.

Russian Policy of Agriculture Support and the Necessity of Its Modification after WTO Accession

2012 ◽  
pp. 132-149 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Uzun
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
World Trade Organization ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
World Trade ◽  
The Us ◽  
The World ◽  
Wto Accession ◽  
The Eu ◽  
Agriculture Support

The article deals with the features of the Russian policy of agriculture support in comparison with the EU and the US policies. Comparative analysis is held considering the scales and levels of collective agriculture support, sources of supporting means, levels and mechanisms of support of agricultural production manufacturers, its consumers, agrarian infrastructure establishments, manufacturers and consumers of each of the principal types of agriculture production. The author makes an attempt to estimate the consequences of Russia’s accession to the World Trade Organization based on a hypothesis that this will result in unification of the manufacturers and consumers’ protection levels in Russia with the countries that have long been WTO members.

Thoughts on the Long-Term Strategy, Science and Democracy

2006 ◽  
pp. 4-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Abalkin
Keyword(s):  
Strategy Development ◽  
Russian Science ◽  
Global Trends ◽  
The World ◽  
World Development ◽  
Crucial Condition

The article covers unified issues of the long-term strategy development, the role of science as well as democracy development in present-day Russia. The problems of budget proficit, the Stabilization Fund issues, implementation of the adopted national projects, an increasing role of regions in strengthening the integrity and prosperity of the country are analyzed. The author reveals that the protection of businessmen and citizens from the all-embracing power of bureaucrats is the crucial condition of democratization of the society. Global trends of the world development and expert functions of the Russian science are presented as well.

Coal's Persistence in the Capitalist World-Economy

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 194-221 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul K. Gellert ◽  
Paul S. Ciccantell
Keyword(s):  
World Economy ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Energy Transition ◽  
Ecological Modernization ◽  
World Systems ◽  
Coal Consumption ◽  
The World ◽  
Capitalist World Economy ◽  
Capitalist World

Predominant analyses of energy offer insufficient theoretical and political-economic insight into the persistence of coal and other fossil fuels. The dominant narrative of coal powering the Industrial Revolution, and Great Britain's world dominance in the nineteenth century giving way to a U.S.- and oil-dominated twentieth century, is marred by teleological assumptions. The key assumption that a complete energy “transition” will occur leads some to conceive of a renewable-energy-dominated twenty-first century led by China. After critiquing the teleological assumptions of modernization, ecological modernization, energetics, and even world-systems analysis of energy “transition,” this paper offers a world-systems perspective on the “raw” materialism of coal. Examining the material characteristics of coal and the unequal structure of the world-economy, the paper uses long-term data from governmental and private sources to reveal the lack of transition as new sources of energy are added. The increases in coal consumption in China and India as they have ascended in the capitalist world-economy have more than offset the leveling-off and decline in some core nations. A true global peak and decline (let alone full substitution) in energy generally and coal specifically has never happened. The future need not repeat the past, but technical, policy, and movement approaches will not get far without addressing the structural imperatives of capitalist growth and the uneven power structures and processes of long-term change of the world-system.

Covid-19 and Mining industry

2020 ◽  
pp. 10-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
V.B. Kondratiev
Keyword(s):  
Mining Industry ◽  
Commodity Markets ◽  
Current Crisis ◽  
Mining Companies ◽  
The World ◽  
Commodity Demand ◽  
Long Term Impact

The COVID-19 pandemic has affected the commodity markets and mining industry around the world in different ways. Mining company’s operations have been hit by coronavirus outbreaks and government-mandated production stops. Demand for many commodities remains low. This paper examines the potential long-term impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on future commodity demand, mining prospects, as well as tactical and strategic steps by mining companies to overcome the current crisis quickly and effectively.

Unmaking and Remaking the World in Long-Term Solitary Confinement

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 16
Author(s):  
Lisa Guenther
Keyword(s):  
The Body ◽  
Solitary Confinement ◽  
Hunger Strike ◽  
State Prison ◽  
Legal Documents ◽  
The Social ◽  
The World ◽  
Collective Resistance ◽  
Civil Death

In The Body in Pain, Elaine Scarry analyzes the structure of torture as an unmaking of the world in which the tools that ought to support a person’s embodied capacities are used as weapons to break them down. The Security Housing Unit (SHU) of California’s Pelican Bay State Prison functions as a weaponized architecture of torture in precisely this sense; but in recent years, prisoners in the Pelican Bay Short Corridor have re-purposed this weaponized architecture as a tool for remaking the world through collective resistance. This resistance took the form of a hunger strike in which prisoners exposed themselves to the possibility of biological death in order to contest the social and civil death of solitary confinement. By collectively refusing food, and by articulating the meaning and motivation of this refusal in articles, interviews, artwork, and legal documents, prisoners reclaimed and expanded their perceptual, cognitive, and expressive capacities for world-making, even in a space of systematic torture.

Engineering for good: A case of community driven engineering innovation

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chinweike Eseonu ◽  
Martin A Cortes
Keyword(s):  
Engineering Students ◽  
Technology Innovation ◽  
Local Communities ◽  
First Year ◽  
Engineering Curriculum ◽  
Engineering Design Process ◽  
The World ◽  
The University ◽  
Social Consideration

There is a culture of disengagement from social consideration in engineering disciplines. This means that first year engineering students, who arrive planning to change the world through engineering, lose this passion as they progress through the engineering curriculum. The community driven technology innovation and investment program described in this paper is an attempt to reverse this trend by fusing community engagement with the normal engineering design process. This approach differs from existing project or trip based approaches – outreach – because the focus is on local communities with which the university team forms a long-term partnership through weekly in-person meetings and community driven problem statements – engagement.

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