scholarly journals Radiokarbon Bagi Penentuan Umur Candi Bojongmenje di Rancaekek, Jawa Barat

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (27) ◽  
pp. 14-21
Author(s):  
Darwin Alijasa Siregar
Keyword(s):  
West Java ◽  
West Side ◽  
Visible Condition ◽  
The Temple

AbstractThe finding of the temple in Bojongmenje, cangkuang, bandung is a historic event for west java community. Bojongmenje temple site on cemetery land located between the factories, houses and plantation. The visible condition of the archaelogical objects consists of a stone structure which is in west side of the temple building. The discovery of the remains of the temple in Rancaekek must be addressed as a chalenges phenomenon. In west java that there only has a few heritage which is seriously handled. An archaelogical excavation has not been implemented systematic and planned so that the conclusion cannot be made scientifically and rationally. In addition to archaelogicy, to reveal the history it is necessary using other sciences such as palaentology, anthropology, geocronology. One method used to determined the geological and archaelogical events, especially those the occur on period of geological quarter is radiocarbon method.

scholarly journals PERTANGGALAN RELATIF CANDI RONGGENG DI KABUPATEN CIAMIS, JAWA BARAT

AMERTA ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 145-160
Author(s):  
Rus Yanti ◽  
Nanang Saptono ◽  
Endang Widyastuti
Keyword(s):  
Historical Context ◽  
Shallow Foundation ◽  
Hindu Temple ◽  
West Java ◽  
Relative Dating ◽  
Relative Chronology ◽  
Hindu Temples ◽  
The Times ◽  
The Temple

Abstract. The Relative Dating of Candi Ronggeng in Ciamis, West Java. Ronggeng temple is one of the Hindu temples in West Java. The temple was first discovered in 1976 and was excavated again in 1984, 1985, and 2016. The aim of excavations was to follow up on local government requests for zoning as an effort to preserve the temple. The early publication in 1984 placed the temple from the 8th -16th centuries whilst in the latest publication in 2011 placed the temple as a sacred ancient Sundanese building from the 13th-16 Th centuries. The purpose of this paper is to review the Ronggeng temple dating based on comparison with other temples in which the shapes and dates are known namely with Pananjung, Indihiang, and Bojongmenje temples. By comparing the excavations data and reviewing the historical context, the relative chronology of the Ronggeng temple was analyzed again. The results show that the Ronggeng temple is a Hindu temple built by a shallow foundation with tuff material. This temple is presumed to be originated from the 7 th-14th centuries according to the context of the time when Hinduism influenced Ciamis as seen in Tarumanagara and Kawali inscriptions. The range of this period is included in pre-Sunda or the times before the name of Sunda was first mentioned in the Rakryan Juru Pangambat inscription in 932 CE to Sunda period. At this time, the Hindu influence had already reached the hinterland of Sunda before the Buddha’s.   Abstrak. Candi Ronggeng merupakan salah satu candi Hindu di Jawa Barat. Candi itu pertama kali ditemukan pada 1976 dan digali kembali pada 1984, 1985, dan 2016. Penggalian bertujuan untuk menindaklanjuti permintaan pemerintah daerah untuk dilakukan zonasi sebagai upaya awal pelestarian. Publikasi awal yang dilakukan pada tahun 1984 menempatkan kronologi candi dari abad ke-8—16, sedangkan publikasi terakhir pada tahun 2011 menempatkan Candi Ronggeng sebagai bangunan suci Sunda Kuno berkurun waktu abad ke-13--16. Tujuan penulisan makalah ini adalah untuk mengkaji ulang pertanggalan Candi Ronggeng berdasarkan perbandingan dengan candi lain yang sudah diketahui bentuk dan kronologinya, yaitu dengan Candi Pananjung, Candi Indihiang, dan Candi Bojongmenje. Dengan melakukan perbandingan hasil ekskavasi dan tinjauan konteks kesejarahan, kronologi Candi Ronggeng dianalisis kembali. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Candi Ronggeng adalah candi yang dibangun dengan konstruksi fondasi dangkal dengan material tufa. Candi itu diduga berasal dari kisaran masa abad ke-7--14 sesuai dengan konteks saat Ciamis mendapat pengaruh Hindu yang terlihat dari prasasti masa Tarumanagara dan Kawali. Kisaran masa ini termasuk ke dalam masa pra-Sunda atau masa sebelum nama Sunda disebut pertama kali dalam Prasasti Rakryan Juru Pangambat pada 932 hingga memasuki masa Sunda. Pada masa itu, pengaruh Hindu diduga sudah lebih dahulu memengaruhi wilayah pedalaman Sunda sebelum Buddha.

Relative Orientation of Prasat Hin Phanom Rung Temple to Spica on New Year’s Day: The Chief Indicator for the Intercalary Year of the Luni-Solar Calendar

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (S367) ◽  
pp. 260-264
Author(s):  
Siramas Komonjinda ◽  
Orapin Riyaprao ◽  
Korakamon Sriboonrueang ◽  
Cherdsak Saelee
Keyword(s):  
Full Moon ◽  
Relative Orientation ◽  
Direct Connection ◽  
The Sun ◽  
13Th Century ◽  
The West ◽  
West Side ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Temple ◽  
East West

AbstractPrasat Hin Phanom Rung, located in Buriram Province of Thailand, is an ancient temple that had been built between the 10th and 13th century. The temple, which is off east-west orientation by 5.5° towards north, has unveiled the astonishing phenomena exhibiting both astronomical and architectural intellect of the ancient builders. The phenomena involve perfect quarterly-alignments of the sun through all the fifteen doorways of the temple. The phenomenal orientation of this ancient architecture has been elucidated by several scholars—including historians, archaeologists, and astronomers—that it might be related to solar or lunar events only. However, our studies have otherwise found a clue to this mystery that it may be based on how the ancient intelligence used stars in the zodiacal constellations to regulate agricultural calendars. In this study, we find that Phanom Rung was oriented with respect to Spica such that on the day Spica set on the west-side doorway at dawn, the sun was entering Mesha Rashi (Aries). This day has a direct connection to a New Year’s Day of Saka calendar (Śaka Era), presently called Thaloeng Sok Day. Furthermore, we have found the relationship between Spica and the full moon of Caitra from which the intercalary month-year (Adhikamas) was detected.

scholarly journals An Apollo Inscription from the District of Delium

1905 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 153-172
Author(s):  
Ronald M. Burrows
Keyword(s):  
The West ◽  
West Side ◽  
North East ◽  
South West ◽  
The Temple

While searching the seacoast district north-east of Tanagra for traces of the Temple of Apollo at Delium, I came across what may prove to be an important inscription. On a low hill two or three miles North East of Tanagra and about as far West South West of Dilisi, the orthodox site for Delium, stands the small chapel of Hagios Demetrios. A dedication on the west side, by the doorway, states that it was built in 1903 by Georgios Papametrou of Liatani, a village close to the ancient Tanagra. This, however, was only the rebuilding of an ancient Byzantine chapel that had fallen into decay; and the engraved blocks that can now be seen built into the walls were found at the time in the ruins on the spot.

The Agora Revisited: Athenian Chronology c. 500–450 BC

1988 ◽  
Vol 83 ◽  
pp. 143-167 ◽  
Author(s):  
E.D. Francis† ◽  
Michael Vickers
Keyword(s):  
The Political ◽  
Public Buildings ◽  
The West ◽  
West Side ◽  
Public Records ◽  
The Public ◽  
Political Reforms ◽  
The Temple

Reasonable doubts exist with regard to the conclusions that have been drawn from the ostraca found in the Athenian Agora as well as those from the fill of the Rectangular Rock-cut shaft on the Agora Hill. These doubts extend to the dating of the buildings along the west side of the Agora. A re-examination of the published accounts leads to the conclusion that Buildings C and D, the Temple of Apollo and the shrine of Zeus were built before 480 and were destroyed by the Persians, who were also responsible for digging the Rectangular Rock-cut Shaft. Building F was erected soon after 479. By 450, the Heliaia, the Tholos, the Old Bouleuterion, a Public Records Office and the Royal Stoa were constructed. The public buildings in question all seem to have been built as a consequence of the political reforms brought about by Ephialtes in the late 460s. They are probably the few extant physical remains of the early days of Periclean democracy.

The western approach to the Athenian akropolis

1999 ◽  
Vol 119 ◽  
pp. 86-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ione Mylonas Shear
Keyword(s):  
Historical Background ◽  
East Side ◽  
The West ◽  
West Side ◽  
Floor Level ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Many ◽  
The Temple ◽  
Later Phase

The structures along the west side of the Athenian Akropolis have long delighted visitors approaching the site and have challenged scholars for generations. By happy coincidence a variety of different studies has recently been published which emphasized different aspects of the approaches to the citadel and once again remind us of the many problems still remaining to be solved.Ira S. Mark concentrated on the shrine of the Athena Nike. He dealt primarily with the Mycenaean bastion enclosed within the later ashlar masonry of the classical podium, the various early remains of the shrine, which lie roughly 1.30 m. below the floor level of the classical temple, and the historical background of the temple itself. He published a few of the many early drawings of the bastion made by Nikolaos Balanos and his associates and re-examined the early walls crowning the archaic bastion, which he divided into various stages. Although, in my opinion, his chronology needs adjustment, his division of the walls built along the edges of the basion into different phases helps us to understand in more detail the history of the site and is a welcome addition. One of these earlier walls, which had long been considered to be Mycenaean, was dated by Mark to a much later phase (Fig. 1, 15). He suggested that the wall was a post-Mycenaean addition built in this position to enclose the east side of the shrine. This wall lies parallel to the West Cyclopean Wall and had been thought to represent the eastern limit of the bastion. The fragmentary remains of this wall, which are no longer visible, were originally recorded by Panagiotis Kavvadias and Georg Kawerau and its existence has bedeviled all attempts to restore a Mycenaean gate in this area.

scholarly journals Pemanfaatan Tanah Liat Bakar pada Situs Blandongan dan Candi Jiwa, di Kompleks Situs Batujaya, Kabupaten Karawang, Provinsi Jawa Barat (Studi Bahan Baku Berdasarkan Analisis Laboratorium

AMERTA ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-23
Author(s):  
Ni Komang Ayu Astiti
Keyword(s):  
Specific Gravity ◽  
Chemical Elements ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
West Java ◽  
Surrounding Environment ◽  
Temple Complex ◽  
The People ◽  
Almost All ◽  
The Temple

ABSTRACT. The use of Baked Clay at the of Blandongan and Jiwa Temples at Batujaya Temple Complex, Karawang Regency,West Java Province: Study on Row Material of Artifacts  Based on Laboratory Analyses. The site of Batujaya, which is located at at the Segaran Village, Batujaya District, Karawang Regency, West Java Province, is a complex of temples (candies) that use clay from the surrounding environment as their main raw material. The people of Batujaya have mastered the technology of brick-making to build the temples and pottery making. This is proven by the fact that almost all of the 14 candis used baked clay and by the abundance of pottery found around the temple complex, both intact and fragmented ones. Result of laboratory analyses on some pottery samples from this site show physical characteristics and compositions of chemical elements, which are varied in terms of hardness, specific gravity, porosity, water absorption, and baking temperature. The quality of the pottery is also varied, depending on the condition of the raw material and the level of technological mastery of the potters. ABSTRAK. Situs Batujaya yang terletak di Desa Segaran, Kecamatan Batujaya, Kabupaten Kerawang, Provinsi Jawa Barat, merupakan sebuah kompleks percandian yang memanfaatkan tanah liat di sekitarnya sebagai bahan utama pembuatannya. Masyarakat pendukung kompleks percandian ini sudah mengenal teknologi pengolahan tanah liat menjadi bata untuk bahan pembuatan candi dan teknologi pembuatan wadah-wadah dari tanah liat bakar. Hal ini dibuktikan dengan hampir seluruh unur (14 buah) candi mempergunakan bahan bata dan banyaknya temuan tembikar disekitar kompleks percandian, baik dalam keadaan utuh maupun dalam pecahan. Hasil analisis laboratorium terhadap beberapa sampel tembikar dari situs ini memperlihatkan sifat-sifat fisik dan komposisi unsur kimia yang sangat bervariasi dalam kekerasan, berat jenis, porositas, serapan air, dan suhu pembakaran. Kualitas tembikar juga sangat bervariasi, dipengaruhi oleh kondisi bahan baku dan tingkat penguasaan teknologi pembuatannya.

The Altar of Hera Akraia at Perachora

1966 ◽  
Vol 61 ◽  
pp. 207-215
Author(s):  
H. Plummer ◽  
F. Salviat
Keyword(s):  
Sixth Century ◽  
The West ◽  
West Side ◽  
South Side ◽  
North Side ◽  
South Wall ◽  
North Wall ◽  
The Temple

The triglyph altar to the east of the sixth-century temple of Hera Akraia was only cursorily published in the first volume of Perachora (pp. 89–91; pls. 6 and 130). No real discussion was offered of the columns, apparently Ionic, placed carefully around it, which R. Martin considers, not unreasonably, evidence for a sort of baldacchino, surely one of the earliest known (see note below). I was lately asked to study altar and columns in more detail, and visited Perachora in March 1965 for the purpose. I concluded that the altar had no ritual connexion with the stoa to the east of it, but was a typical archaic temple-altar, its length (pace Perachora i. 89, which makes it but 5 metres long) originally comparable to the width of the temple. So it could be restored as about 8 metres long, or, including the columnar surround, about 10 metres. The pair of columns on its north side are nearly aligned with the temple's north wall, and it is possible, with four columns spaced at comparable intervals on the west side, to obtain an alignment nearly as close between its south side and the temple's south wall.

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