scholarly journals STUDI PENGARUH pH AWAL MEDIA DAN KONSENTRASI SUBSTRAT PADA PROSES FERMENTASI PRODUKSI BIOETANOL DARI HIDROLISAT TEPUNG BIJI KLUWIH (Actinocarpus communis) DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN Saccharomyces cerevisiae

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 115
Author(s):  
I Gede Yogi Wikrama Yuda ◽  
I Made Mahaputra Wijaya ◽  
Ni Putu Suwariani
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Substrate Concentration ◽  
Fermentation Process ◽  
Total Suspended Solid ◽  
Suspended Solid ◽  
Solid Substrate ◽  
Ethanol Content ◽  
Optimum Ph ◽  
Initial Ph ◽  
Descriptive Method

The aims of this study were to determine the optimum pH of media and substrate concentration on fermentation process that affected the production of bioetanol from kluwih (Actinocarpus communis) seed by Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and to obtain initial pH of media and substrate concentration on fermentation process that can a obtain the highest concentration of bioethanol. The research was designed by 2 factors. The first factor is initial pH of media that consist of three levels: 4, 4.5, and 5. The second factor is substrate concentration that consist of three levels: 2.5 %, 5 %, and 7.5 %. The data was obtained from series of tests and then it analyzed and produced presented by descriptive method. The results showed that the initial pH of media had an effect on ethanol content, and the pH, but not effected on total resulting suspended solid. Substrate concentration had an effect on ethanol content and total suspended solid. Interaction of both treatments had an effect on ethanol content from fermented flour of kluwih seed by used Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The best treatment to produce ethanol from fermented flour of  kluwih seed is by using the initial pH of media 4.5 and substrate concentration amount 7.5 % that yielded the highest ethanol content of 6.13 mL.                                                                                                                                           Key words:  Actinocarpus communis, ethanol, fermentation, the initial pH of media, substrate concentration

scholarly journals PENGOLAHAN PRIMER LIMBAH TEKSTIL DENGAN ELEKTROKOAGULASI

REAKTOR ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 73 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lieke Riadi ◽  
Whenny Ferydhiwati ◽  
Liok Dimas Sanjaya Loeman
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
Chemical Oxygen Demand ◽  
Textile Industry ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Operation Time ◽  
Total Suspended Solid ◽  
Suspended Solid ◽  
Initial Ph ◽  
Textile Waste Water ◽  
Operation Cost

Limbah industri tekstil di area pinggir kota Surabaya mempunyai karakteristik perbandingan COD dan BOD = 5.57. Limbah jenis ini sulit untuk dibiodegradasi. Studi ini mempelajari tekonologi elektrokoagulasi untuk mengolah limbah tekstil dengan menurunkan intensitas warna, Total Suspended Solid (TSS) dan Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD). Percobaan batch pada suhu kamar dilakukan untuk mempelajari pengaruh pH, jarak elektroda terhadap penurunan warna,TSS dan COD dan membandingkan biaya operasinya jika menggunakan pengolahan kimia.Effisiensi penurunan tertinggi untuk warna (91.96%),  TSS (49.17%), dan COD (29.67%) terjadi pada pH awal 4.0 dan jarak elektroda 2 cm dengan  elektroda Al/Al. Waktu optimum penurunan intensitas warna dalah 10 menit. Laju penurunan COD adalah : -dC/dt = 0.0053 C +0.056 , dengan C adalah konsentrasi COD. Jumlah sludge yang dihasilkan daripengolahan elektrokoagulasi  3.4 % lebih kecil dibandingkan menggunakan bahan kimia. Biaya yang digunakan untuk pengolahan dengan elektrokoagulasi 52.35 % lebih murah dibandingkan jika menggunakan koagulasi dengan bahan kimia ( tawas). Kata kunci : elektrokoagulasi, penurunan warna, penurunan TSS, laju degradasi COD, imbah tekstil Abstract Waste water from textile industry which is located in one suburb of Surabaya city as characteristic which the ratio of COD to BOD was 5.57. This type of waste water is difficult to be biodegraded. This study investigated elektrokoagulasi technology to treat textile waste water by removing color, total suspended solid, and Chemical Oxygen Demand. Batch experiment at room temperature was carried out to study the effect of pH, electrode distance for color, TSS and COD removal. This study also tried to compare the operation cost between elektrokoagulasi and chemical processes. The best removal efficiencies by Al electrodes was 91.96 % for color, 49.17 % for TSS and 29.67 % for COD which were under initial pH 4.0 and electrodes distance 2 cm. The optimum operation time for color removal was  found 10 minutes.The COD degradation rate was - dC/dt = 0.0053 C +0.056, with C= COD concentration. Sludge result from elektrokoagulasi was 3.4 % less than that by chemical treatment.The operation cost for elektrokoagulasi is 52.35 % less than that for chemical coagulation. 

scholarly journals STUDI PENGARUH pH AWAL MEDIA DAN LAMA FERMENTASI PADA PROSES PRODUKSI ETANOL DARI HIDROLISAT TEPUNG BIJI NANGKA DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN Saccharomycess cerevisiae

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 92
Author(s):  
Umi Fadilah ◽  
I Made Mahaputra Wijaya ◽  
N. Semadi Antara
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Ethanol Fermentation ◽  
Fermentation Process ◽  
Ethanol Concentration ◽  
Total Dissolved Solids ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Artocarpus Heterophyllus ◽  
Seed Flour ◽  
Initial Ph ◽  
The Media

Jackfruit seed (Artocarpus heterophyllus) flour is a substrate used in ethanol production research.The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the media initial pH and the time length of fermentation on the ethanol fermentation process from the jackfruit seed starch hydrolyzate using Saccharomyces cerevisiae and to obtain optimum initial pH of the medium and the optimum fermentation length in order to obtain the highest ethanol concentration. This research was designed with 2 factors. The first factor is the initial pH of the media consisting of 3 levels, namely 4, 4,5, and 5. The second factor is the fermentation length consisting of three levels, ie 5, 6, and 7 days. Data obtained from the research are analyzed and presented descriptively. The results showed that the initial pH of the media had an effect on ethanol content and final pH, but had no effect on total soluble solids. Hydrolyzate of jackfruit flour, fermentation length has an effect on total ethanol, final pH, and total dissolved solids. The interaction of the two treatments had an effect on total ethanol of fermented jackfruit seed flour. The best treatment to produce ethanol hydrolyzate of jackfruit seed flour is the initial pH of medium 4.5 and the duration of fermentation of 6 days to produce total ethanol of 3.67 mL.  Key words: Artocarpus heterophyllus, ethanol, fermentation, initial pH of medium

scholarly journals PENGARUH KADAR Aspergillus niger TERHADAP PRODUKSI BIOETANOL DARI BONGGOL PISANG KEPOK ( Musa paradisiaca L)

Alotrop ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Junaini Junaini ◽  
Elvinawati Elvinawati ◽  
Sumpono Sumpono
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Aspergillus Niger ◽  
Specific Gravity ◽  
Fermentation Process ◽  
Bioethanol Production ◽  
Gravity Method ◽  
Musa Paradisiaca ◽  
Ethanol Content

This study aims to determine the effect of Aspergillus niger levels on bioethanol production in banana cobs using Saccharfication Simultation Fermentation (SSF) method. This research uses banana kepok (Musa paradisiaca L.) obtained from Enggano Island of Bengkulu Province. Enggano Island is one of the outermost islands of Bengkulu Province which has a coordinate point of 5023'25,000 '' LS - 102014'16,000 '' BT. Samples of banana done preparation before the hydrolysis and fermentation process by smoothing the banana cobs using a blender until it becomes mush. Samples in the form of slurry were then added by Aspergillus niger and Sccharomyces cerevisiae. Hydrolysis performed for 72 hours which then continued with the fermentation process for 5 days. In the study there were 5 treatments: addition of Aspergillus niger 107 CFU/mL, addition of 10 mL Saccharomyces cerevisiae, addition of 10 mL Saccharomyces cerevisiae + Aspergillus niger 106 CFU/mL, 10 mL Saccharomyces cerevisiae + Aspergillus niger 107CFU/mL and 10 mL Saccharomyces cerevisiae + Aspergillus niger 108CFU/mL. The fermentation results were distilled and then measured the ethanol content by the specific gravity method. Ethanol content obtained from each treatment were 3.995%, 6.218%, 6.825%, 9.065%, and 12.348%, respectively. From one-way analysis test can be obtained the value of Fcount and Ftabel respectively are 25.73 and 5.19, so the value of Ftable< Fcount which means each treatment has a different result significantly.

scholarly journals POLA DINAMIS PENURUNAN HASIL TANGKAPAN UDANG AKIBAT PENGENDAPAN DAN LIMBAH INDUSTRI DI KAWASAN SEGARA ANAKAN (Dynamic Pattern of Degradation of Shrimps Catch as an Effect of Sedimentation and Industrial Waste in Segara Anakan)

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 125
Author(s):  
. Mustaruddin ◽  
Domu Simbolon ◽  
Mohammad Khotib
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Model ◽  
Industrial Waste ◽  
Sediment Accumulation ◽  
Total Suspended Solid ◽  
Suspended Solid ◽  
Fishing Ground ◽  
Central Java ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Descriptive Method ◽  
Model Approach

<p><strong>Abstract</strong></p><p>Segara Anakan, Cilacap Regency is an important marine fisheries producer in Central Java <br />Province, especially for shrimps. The objective of this study were to analyze the production and <br />fishing ground of shrimps, to analyze dynamic patterns of shrimps cat ch affected by sedimentation <br />and  industrial waste in Segara  Anakan, and to develop intervention option to the degradation  of <br />shrimp  catch  as  well.   Some  methods  were  used  in  this  study  such  as  descriptive  method, <br />geographic information system, and dynamic model approach included the test of model structural <br />stability and performance. In  2002–2013, the highest production of shrimps in the Segara Anakan <br />was in 2006 (2263.0 ton) and the lowest was in 2010 (884.7 ton). Fishing ground of shrimp in the <br />Segara  Anakan  already  had high total suspended solid, and also  low contaminated oil and  lead <br />(Pb). Results of dynamic model analysis showed that shrimp catch degraded exponentially along <br />with the increasing of sediment accumulation and industrial waste. Shrimps production in 2013 was <br />1147.8  tons,  and  might  decrease   43.04  %  to  be  653.8  tons  over  75  years  later  without <br />intervention. If the model was intervenced by fishing open -close system and limited acces fishing <br />ground,  hence  shrimps  catch  showing  stable  around  902.2–929.1  ton  every  year.  While  if  the <br />intervention was conducted by the stopping of industrial waste to Segara Anakan, hence shrimps <br />catch only decrease 13.00 % to be 998.6 tons over 75 years later.<br /><br />Keywords: dynamic model, fishing ground, industrial waste, shrimp catch</p><p><strong><br /></strong></p><p><strong>Abstrak</strong></p><p><strong></strong>ABSTRAK<br />Segara Anakan, Kabupaten Cilacap merupakan basis produksi perikanan laut yang penting <br />di  Provinsi  Jawa  Tengah  terutama  jenis  udang.   Penelitian  ini  bertujuan  menganalisis  kondisi <br />produksi dan daerah penangkapan udang, menganalisis pola dinamis penurunan hasil tangkapan <br />udang  akibat  pengaruh  pengendapan  dan  pembuangan  limbah  industri  di  kawasan  Segara <br />Anakan,  serta  mengembangkan  alternatif  intervensi  secara  modelling  terhadap  penurunan <br />tersebut.  Metode  yang  digunakan  terdiri  dari  metode  deskriptif,  sistem  informasi  geografi, <br />pendekatan  model  dinamis,  serta  uji  kestabilan  struktur  dan  kinerja  model.  Pada  periode  tahun <br />2002  –  2013, produksi tertinggi udang terjadi pada tahun 2006 (2263,0 ton) dan terendah terjadi <br />pada tahun 2010 (884,7 ton). Daerah penangkapan udang di kawasan Segara Anakan mempunyai <br />total padatan tersuspensi dan kekeruhan yang tinggi, serta tercemar ring an oleh minyak dan logam timbal. Analisis model dinamis menunjukkan bahwa hasil tangkapan udang cenderung menurun <br />secara eksponensial seiring meningkatnya akumulasi endapan  dan cemaran limbah industri dari <br />waktu  ke  waktu.  Hasil  tangkapan  udang  yang  saat  ini  (tahun  2013)  mencapai  1147,8  ton,  bisa <br />menurun 43,04 % menjadi 653,8 ton setelah 75 tahun kemudian. Bila model tersebut diintervensi <br />dalam  bentuk  penerapan  sistem  open-close  dan  pembatasan  daerah  penangkapan  yang  bisa <br />diakses,  maka  hasil  tangkapan  udang  cenderung  stabil  pada  kisaran  angka  902,2  –  929,1  ton <br />setiap  tahunnya.   Akan  tetapi  bila  intervensi  dilakukan  dalam  bentuk  penghentian  pembuangan <br />limbah industri ke kawasan Segara  Anakan  dan sekitarnya, maka hasil  tangkapan udang hanya <br />turun 13,00 % (menjadi 998,6 ton) setelah 75 tahun kemudian.<br /><br />Kata kunci: model dinamis, daerah penangkapan, limbah industri, hasil tangkapan udang</p>

Synthesis of (S)-Tert-Butyl 3-Hydroxybutyrate by Asymmetric Reduction of Tert-Butyl Acetoacetate with Saccharomyces cerevisiae B5

2013 ◽  
Vol 704 ◽  
pp. 12-17
Author(s):  
Zhi Min Ou ◽  
Wen Fei Feng ◽  
Li Xu
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Substrate Concentration ◽  
Asymmetric Reduction ◽  
Optical Purity ◽  
Lower Amount ◽  
High Optical Purity ◽  
Initial Substrate ◽  
Initial Ph ◽  
H 30 ◽  
Initial Substrate Concentration

S)-tert-butyl 3-hydroxybutyrate was synthesized by asymmetric reduction of tert-butyl acetoacetate with Saccharomyces cerevisiae B5 as catalyst. The enantiometric excess of (S)-tert-butyl 3-hydroxybutyrate increased with addition of more amount of substrate. High optical purity of product can be obtained when 6 g/L chloroform was used as inhibitor. The optimum reduction time, temperature, and initial pH of reaction mixture were 60 h, 30 °C, and 6.2. Addition of more biomass and lower amount of substrate helped to get high conversion. Conversion and enantiometric excess of product reached 100% when initial substrate concentration and biomass were 2.0 g/L and 140 g/L with 6 g/L chloroform as inhibitor.

scholarly journals Ozonation of return activated sludge for disintegration and solubilisation with synthesized titanium oxide as catalyst

2018 ◽  
Vol 34 ◽  
pp. 02009
Author(s):  
S.F.Z. Mohd Sarif ◽  
S.S. Alias ◽  
F. Muhammad Ridwan ◽  
K.S. Ku Salim ◽  
C.Z.A. Abidin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Total Suspended Solid ◽  
Suspended Solid ◽  
Catalytic Ozonation ◽  
Lower Amount ◽  
Sludge Flocs ◽  
Initial Ph ◽  
Soluble Chemical Oxygen Demand ◽  
Ozonation Process

Ozonation of activated sludge in the present of titanium dioxide (TiO2) as catalyst to enhance the production of hydroxyl radical was evaluated in comparison to the sole ozonation process. In this process, the catalytic ozontion showed improvement in increasing ozone consumption and improving activated sludge disintegration and solubilisation. The reduction of total suspended solid (TSS), volatile suspended solid (VSS) and soluble chemical oxygen demand (SCOD) solubilisation was better in the catalytic ozonation system. Initial pH 7 of activated sludge was found best to disintegrate and solubilise the sludge flocs. However upon additional of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) in pH adjustment enhanced the solubilisation of organic matter from the flocs and cells, making the initial pH 9 is the best condition for activated sludge solubilisation. Yet the initial pH 7 of activated sludge supernatant was the best condition to achieve SCOD solubilisation due to sludge floc disintegration, when it had stronger correlation between TSS reduction and SCOD solubilisation (R2=0.961). Lower amount of catalyst of 100 mgTiO2/gTSS was found to disintegrate and solubilise the activated sludge better with 30.4% TSS reduction and 25.2% SCOD solubilisation efficiency, compared to 200 mgTiO2/gTSS with 21.9% and 17.1% TSS reduction and SCOD solubilisation, respectively.

scholarly journals Isolation of Corncob Xylan-Degrading Fungi and Its Application in Xylobiose Production

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tantry Febrinasari ◽  
Hasegawa Tae ◽  
Nakanishi Riki ◽  
Akkharapimon Yotsombat ◽  
Takata Goro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Incubation Temperature ◽  
Xylanase Activity ◽  
Solid Substrate ◽  
Enzyme Loading ◽  
Content Ratio ◽  
Optimum Ph ◽  
Initial Ph ◽  
Hydrolysis Of ◽  
Optimum Ph And Temperature

In the present study, a potential corncob xylan degradation fungi was isolated and screened from soil to produce xylanase, and was identified as Fusarium oxysporum. The production of xylanase by F. oxysporum under solid state fermentation using corncob powder as the solid substrate reached the maximum xylanase activity when using particle size of substrate of 60 mesh, water content ratio of 2 mL/g substrate, incubation temperature of 30°C, initial pH of 6.0, size of inoculum of 5x107 spore/3 g substrate, and incubation time of 2 days. The xylanase activity increased about 4 times up to 7.92 U/mL after optimization. The potential application of xylanase of F. oxysporum in hydrolyzing alkali-treated corncob xylan to produce xylobiose was also demonstrated. Hydrolysis of 6% of corncob xylan using 100 U/g substrate of enzyme loading under optimum pH and temperature conditions (pH 5.5 and 50°C, respectively) achieved the yield of xylobiose up to 28.7 g/100 g pure xylan after 12 h incubation. The purification of hydrolysate could retain 91.1% of xylobiose. Further separation step using activated charcoal column chromatography was able to get a pure xylobiose, but could only recover 59.3% of xylobiose.

scholarly journals Bioconversion of cassava stem to ethanol using Aspergillus fumigatus and Saccharomyces cerevisiae

BioResources ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 6895-6908
Author(s):  
Bo Yu ◽  
Luqiao Jin ◽  
Huiling Xia ◽  
Yu Lu ◽  
Mengyi Dong
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Aspergillus Fumigatus ◽  
Ethanol Production ◽  
Alkaline Solution ◽  
Rotational Speed ◽  
Substrate Concentration ◽  
Optimum Conditions ◽  
Fermentation Time ◽  
Initial Ph ◽  
Cassava Stem

Cassava stem was bioconverted to ethanol using microorganisms. First, cassava stem was pretreated by in ways, alkaline solution alone (ASA), microwave treatment combined with alkaline solution (MTCAS), and ultrasonic treatment combined with alkaline solution (UTCAS). The compositions of cassava stem pretreated by different methods were analyzed, and the results showed that the cassava stem pretreated by MTCAS was more suitable for saccharification and subsequent ethanol production. The pretreated cassava stem was subjected to simultaneous saccharification and ethanol production using Aspergillus fumigatus and Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Response surface methodology was used to optimize various process parameters including fermentation temperature, initial pH, fermentation time, rotational speed and substrate concentration. A bioconversion yield of 70 mg/g was obtained at the optimum conditions of fermentation, viz, temperature 35 °C, initial pH 5.6, fermentation time 132 h, rotational speed 155 rpm, and substrate concentration 4.6 wt%. An experiment under optimum conditions confirmed the model predictions. The results suggest that pretreatment with MTCAS and simultaneous fermentation with A. fumigatus and S. cerevisiae would be a good choice for the bioconversion of lignocellulosic biomass to bioethanol. Considering the cost advantage, using microbial fermentation instead of pure enzyme hydrolysis is more advantageous in 2nd generation bioethanol production.

scholarly journals PENGARUH WAKTU FERMENTASI DAN KOMPOSISI LIMBAH ECENG GONDOK (Eichhornia crassipes) UNTUK MENGHASILKAN GAS BIO DENGAN METODE HIDROLISA BASA MENGGUNAKAN NATRIUM HIDROKSIDA (NaOH)

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-35
Author(s):  
Setiaty Pandia ◽  
Pri Hartini
Keyword(s):  
Water Hyacinth ◽  
Eichhornia Crassipes ◽  
Fermentation Process ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Total Suspended Solid ◽  
Suspended Solid ◽  
Anaerobic Digester ◽  
Alkali Pretreatment ◽  
Batch System ◽  
Production Concentration

Water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) is a plant that become aquatic waste and its existence has not yet widelyused. The content of cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin inside it can be used into biogas through fermentation process.The purpose of this research was to determine the effect of alkali pretreatment methods on the yield biogas volume and Total Suspended Solid (TSS) revomal percentage. The study was did by fermentation process the water hyacinth with NaOH concentration of 2,86; 3;4; and 6,67 (M) with water in ratio hyacinth:water 70:30; 50:50; 30:70  and 100:0 (v/v) mixed with cow dug starter in an anaerobic digester batch system of 2,5 L capacity. In this study the highest biogas production at NaOH concentration 6,67 M was in ratio of 70:30 (v/v) with yield biogas volume 506 mL and TSS revomal percentage of 93,23%. Minimum value of gasbio production concentration of NaOH 3M withwater hyacinth:water ratio 30:70 (v/v) generate yield biogas volume 158 mL and TSS revomal percentage of 81,48%.

Biosorption of C. I. Reactive Red 2 from Aqueous Solution by Saccharomyces Cerevisiae

2013 ◽  
Vol 739 ◽  
pp. 327-331
Author(s):  
Li Fang Zhang ◽  
Yin Ling Wang
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Adsorption Model ◽  
Langmuir Adsorption ◽  
Optimum Ph ◽  
Initial Ph ◽  
Equilibrium Data ◽  
Adsorption Equilibrium Data ◽  
Reactive Red 2

The biosorption of C. I. Reactive Red 2 from aqueous solution onto biomass of Saccharomyces cerevisiae was examined. The biosorption studies were carried out under various parameters such as initial pH, contact time and initial dye concentration. The experimental results showed that optimum pH for dye biosorption was found to be 2.0 for the yeast biomass. The bosorption capacity was increased with the increasing initial dye concentration in studied dye concentration range. It was found that the adsorption equilibrium data followed the Langmuir adsorption model. The maximum adsorption capacity obtained from the Langmuir equation at temperature of 30°C was 500mg/g (R2=0.991) for the dye. The results indicate that the biomass of Saccharomyces cerevisiae can be used as an effective biosorbent to removal C. I. Reactive Red 2 from aqueous solution.

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