scholarly journals Archaeological and Anthropological Analysis of New Materials from the Mayak Burial Ground in the Samara Region

Author(s):  
Sergey V. Vasilyev ◽  
◽  
Svetlana B. Borutskaya ◽  
Dmitry A. Stashenkov ◽  
Anna F. Kochkina ◽  
...  

The article introduces new paleoanthropological materials from the Mayak burial ground near Sidelkino village in the Samara region into scientific discourse. The materials were obtained as a result of excavations in 1995 and only recently was it possible to date them. As a result of AMS analysis fulfilled by the authors, human remains from two burials were dated back to the Early Mesolithic. The analysis was carried out taking into account the influence of the “reservoir effect.Despite the rather poor preservation of individuals from the two described burials, the authors carried out an osteological analysis of an adult male from the second burial. He turned out to be quite tall, with elongated legs, shortened forearms, saber-shaped tibia and relatively massive bones of the lower limbs. In burial 3, the remains of an adult woman and a child of 7–10 years old were found. Comparing the osteological indicators of the man from the second burial with materials from the same burial ground of excavations in 2002, the authors came to the conclusion that the people whose remains were found on the hill Mayak in 1995 and in 2002 probably belong to the same population. Similar morphological characteristics are proof of this.

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 84-93
Author(s):  
Arman Ziyadenovich Beisenov

In recent years, numerous new sites of Tasmola culture have been studied. New materials significantly supplement the existing ideas about the culture of the population of Central Kazakhstan of Saka era. The present article focuses on three monuments of the early Saka time studied by the author in the Nazar site in Central Kazakhstan. This kurgan with stone ridges Nazar and two other kurgans compose the burial ground Nazar-2. The monument is located in the Karaganda region, which is geographically an eastern part of the Kazakh hills. In addition to the studied objects on the coast of the river Nazar, there are three unexplored burial grounds of the Saka era. All structures of these burial grounds, including those which have not been excavated yet, can be combined by common external features. As a result of excavations graves with dromos oriented to the east were discovered in all three mounds. The diameters of the kurgans are 20-23 m, their height is 1,5-1,7 m. A bronze arrowhead of the early Saka type was found in kurgan 1 of the burial ground Nazar-2. Such monuments, which are characterized by a large size and complex structure, belong to the early stage of Tasmola culture - VIII-VI cc. BC. Three radiocarbon dates obtained on bone samples from mounds № 1 and № 2 of burial ground Nazar-2 in the laboratories of the Royal University of Belfast, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom and the University of Miami, USA do not contradict that. According to the author, such detail of the funeral rite as dromos oriented to the east, can be genetically traced back to the cultural traditions of the people of the late Bronze Age in Central Kazakhstan. Tasmola culture of Central Kazakhstan was opened in 1960. New materials largely complement the existing ideas about this culture.


Author(s):  
Mèhèza Kalibani

Abstract Since the publication of the “restitution report” by Felwine Sarr and Bénédicte Savoy in November 2018, the debate around the restitution of African artifacts inherited from German colonialism in German museums has become increasingly intense. While the restitution debate in Germany is generally focused on “material cultural heritage” and human remains, this reflection attempts to contextualize the “immaterial heritage” (museum collections inventory data, photographs, movies, sound recordings, and digital archive documents) from German colonialism and plead for its consideration in this debate. It claims that the first step of restitution consists of German ethnological museums being transparent about their possessions of artifacts from colonial contexts, which means providing all available information about museum collections from colonial contexts and making them easily accessible to the people from the former German colonies.


1876 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 147-154
Author(s):  
A. H. Schindler

The part of Belúchistán now under Persian rule is bounded upon the north by Seistán, upon the east by Panjgúr and Kej, upon the south by the Indian Ocean, and upon the west by Núrámshír, Rúdbár, and the Báshákerd mountains.This country enjoys a variety of climates; almost unbearable heat exists on the Mekrán coast, we find a temperate climate on the hill slopes and on the slightly raised plains as at Duzek and Bampúr, and a cool climate in the mountainous districts Serhad and Bazmán. The heat at Jálq is said to be so intense in summer that the gazelles lie down exhausted in the plains, and let themselves be taken by the people without any trouble.


Author(s):  
Э.Б. Зальцман

В работе характеризуются новые материалы, полученные в ходе исследований неолитических (по прибалтийской периодизации) поселений побережья Вислинского залива. Данные древности, по всем признакам, относятся к культуре воронковидных кубков, памятники которой ранее в регионе были неизвестны. Все материалы КВК выявлены на поселениях, основные культурные комплексы с которых относятся к приморской культуре шнуровой керамики (рис. 1). Незначительные по размерам стоянки КВК существовали здесь до прихода населения приморской культуры. В Ушаково 3 керамика КВК найдена в культурном слое в восточной части раскопа, где она залегала в основном отдельно от керамики приморской культуры (рис. 2–4). В Прибрежном кроме керамических материалов зафиксированы следы 2 построек с двухрядной столбовой конструкцией стен (рис. 5). Постройки наземного типа, удлиненной формы, шириной не более 3,2 м. Технологические и морфологические характеристики фрагментов керамики, обнаруженной в пределах построек, не оставляют сомнений в том, что эти комплексы принадлежат КВК (рис. 6: 1, 13). Кроме того, здесь же выявлены две амфоры с типичными чертами баденизации в КВК (рис. 6: 14, 15). Керамика КВК встречалась также и в культурном слое поселения (рис. 7: 1, 3, 4, 6, 7, 10, 12). Все материалы КВК с поселений Ушаково 3 и Прибрежное датируются в диапазоне 3500–3100 гг. CalBC (Приложение 1). Наиболее вероятно, что небольшие по численности группы населения КВК проникли в прибрежную зону около середины IV тыс. до н. э., когда на этой территории уже продолжительное время существовали местные сообщества цедмарской неолитической культуры. The paper characterizes new materials obtained during the excavations of Neolithic sites (according to the Baltic periodization) in the Vistula Lagoon coast. These antiquities are attributed to the Funnel Beaker culture the sites of which have not been discovered in this region before. All FBC materials were identified at settlements where the main cultural assemblages are attributed to the Primorskaya Corded Ware Culture (Fig. 1). Small FBC sites had existed in this area before the arrival of the Primorskaya culture population. Ushakovo 3 revealed FBC ceramics in the occupation layer located in the eastern part of the excavation trench where, in most cases, these artifacts were lying separately from the Primorskaya culture ceramics (Fig. 2–4). Traces of two constructions with a double-row pillar wall structure (Fig. 5) were recorded at Pribrezhnoye. Technological and morphological characteristics of the ceramics discovered in the constructions leave no doubt that these assemblages belong to the FBC (Fig. 6: 1, 13). Two amphorae with typical features of «badenization» in the FBC were discovered at this site as well (Fig. 6: 14, 15). The FBC ceramics also occurred in the occupation layer of the site (Fig. 7: 1, 3, 4, 6, 7, 10, 12). All FBC materials from Ushakovo 3 and Pribrezhnoye fall within 3500–3100 CalBC (Appendix 1). Most likely, around mid 4th millennium BC small FBC population groups reached the coastal area which had been already inhabited by local Zedmar Neolithic communities for a long time.


2015 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 17-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. G. Vengerovich ◽  
I. A. Shperling ◽  
Yu. V. Yurkevich ◽  
O. O. Vladimirova ◽  
I. I. Alekseyeva ◽  
...  

The research objective was a morphological analysis of posttraumatic regeneration of musculoskeletal tissue in rats after experimental blast injury with field simulation of remote musculocutaneous injury of lower limbs. Wound process was evaluated visually and by histological characteristics of injury zones. This research helped to deepen understanding of details of regenerative process of blast musculocutaneous injury and formation of regenerating muscular and connective tissue of skeletal muscle in rats


2021 ◽  
pp. 192536212110334
Author(s):  
Kunasilan Subramaniam ◽  
Grace Wong Yi-Li ◽  
Vomanasri Krishnan ◽  
Iyvonne Chuah Sock Yi ◽  
Muhammad Aniq bin Mohd Amran

Crocodile attacks are not uncommon in this region. There have been 92 cases reported since 2015 and 50 cases alone reported in Sarawak. Every year death has been attributed to a crocodile attack. An estimate of 71% of the total cases of crocodile attack ended up dead. However, there are instances where a crocodile attack happened after the death of a person. This is a case of an adult male who was reported missing. His body was found by two local anglers, being mauled by crocodiles. Only partial trunk and lower limbs were found, and the major organs were absent. The postmortem features of the crocodile attacks have been described.


Author(s):  
Nancy A. Ross-Stallings

The Mississippi River Delta between A.D. 1400 and 1600 was a resource-rich area with a large variety of domestic and wild resources, allowing Mississippian people to be better nourished than many. Yet community-level hierarchies may have been a major factor structuring biological stress across the landscape. Ross-Stallings compares health status from human remains from the Hollywood site (a high-status mound center) and the Flowers #3 site (a low-ranked satellite of the Hollywood center). Greater prevalence of biological stress and poorer diets are found among the people of the satellite settlement, which reflected differential access to resources. This was further underscored by an extractive economic relationship, as the Hollywood chiefs likely siphoned off various forms of tribute in the form of food from their subaltern neighbors.


Author(s):  
J.S. Grewal

An important result of the institution of the Khalsa was escalation of tension. The hill chiefs did not want Guru Gobind Singh to stay at Anandpur on his own terms. In the first battle of Anandpur they failed to dislodge him. But they requested him to leave Anandpur as the cow’s feed (gau-bhat). Two battles were then fought outside Anandpur: one at Nirmoh and the other at Basoli. Guru Gobind Singh returned to Anandpur. With the support of the Mughal authorities, finally, the hill chiefs laid a long siege to Anandpur. Seeing no end to the armed conflict, they gave offers of safe passage to Guru Gobind Singh for voluntary evacuation of Anandpur. Aurangzeb’s oath on the Qu‘ran was used for this purpose. In view of the pressure from the people of the town, including some of his Khalsa, Guru Gobind Singh decided to leave Anandpur against his own judgment.


Author(s):  
Erik Trinkaus ◽  
Alexandra P. Buzhilova ◽  
Maria B. Mednikova ◽  
Maria V. Dobrovolskaya

During the Mid Upper Paleolithic, the period of Late Pleistocene human existence within the Interpleniglacial, human foraging populations developed an increasingly sophisticated, elaborated, and complicated existence across Eurasia and probably across most of the Old World. This period of the Paleolithic saw the emergence of various forms of elaborate technology (e.g., ceramics and textiles, as well as elaborations of lithic and organic tool manufacture and use), expanded artistic manifestations, complex social behaviors (especially reflected in personal decoration and mortuary behavior), and increasingly effective and flexible means of subsistence and food processing. For these reasons, the people of this period were referred to, a dozen years ago, as the “Hunters of the Golden Age” (Roebroeks et al. 2000). In those and other assessments of these people, referred to as “Gravettian” in central and western Europe and by other names further east, there is frequent reference to the material from the northern Russian site of Sunghir (Сунгирь; Sungir’). The references to Sunghir are especially to the extremely rich human burials discovered during excavations in 1964 and 1969. The human paleontological materials from Sunghir, however, have only been superficially integrated into the broader assessments of human existence during this time period of hunter-gatherer fluorescence. Several volumes (and innumerable articles) have been written on aspects of the archeological work done at the Sunghir site (e.g., Sukachev et al. 1966; O.N. Bader 1978; N.O. Bader 1998; Seleznev 2008), and there have been two edited volumes concerned principally with the human remains from within and without the burials (Zubov and Karitonov 1984; Alexeeva et al. 2000). However, all of these volumes (as is appropriate) are in Russian, and only the last of them contains extensive English summaries of the contributions. As a result (given the linguistically challenged nature of many Western anthropologists—including one of us), detailed assessments of the Sunghir site and the Sunghir human remains have been slow to permeate the broader anthropological community. Originally, in the 19th century and through much of the 20th century, the focus was on the populational affinities of human remains that emerged from the Upper Paleolithic of Eurasia.


2018 ◽  
Vol 159 (30) ◽  
pp. 1235-1240
Author(s):  
Csaba Dudás ◽  
Bernadette Kerekes-Máthé ◽  
Mária Henrietta Gábor ◽  
I. Krisztina Mártha ◽  
Szilárd Sándor Gál

Abstract: Introduction: Teeth, as an integral part of human organism, are not exceptions from the physical anthropology changes caused by biological evolution and the way of living. Different stress factors and the natural selection are contributing to the emphasis of certain morphological characteristics. Aim: Comparison of dental metric characteristics and the presence of accessory tooth cusps between human remains from the Middle Ages and dental study models of today’s patients. Material and method: Morphological characteristics of 132 teeth from 19 skulls and 694 teeth on dental models of 30 patients were examined. The mesiodistal, incisivocervical and buccolingual diameters of crowns were measured by a validated 2D image analysis method. Carabelli and talon cusps were also examined using a magnifying glass. Results: Statistically significant differences between the size of the 14th-century and the present-day teeth were found in some of the teeth groups. In medieval artifacts, lateral teeth had smaller crown width than teeth measured in the contemporary population. The Carabelli cusps found in the archeological human remains belonged to grades 1 and 3 on Dahlberg scale (23.07%), while the Carabelli cusps observed in the contemporary group belonged to grades 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7 (50.90%). Talon cusp occurred only once in the contemporary group. Conclusion: In case of the contemporary teeth, the Carabelli cusps appeared in a more pronounced morphological form and with a higher frequency, which emphasizes the European origin of today’s population. Orv Hetil. 2018; 159(30): 1235–1240.


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