scholarly journals ЭНТРОПИЯ АБИОТИЧЕСКИХ ГЕОСФЕР И МОДЕЛЬ ДЛЯ ОЦЕНКИ И ПРОГНОЗА ИХ СОСТОЯНИЯ

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
О.В. Базарский ◽  
Ж.Ю. Кочетова
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Risk ◽  
Environmental Stability ◽  
Test Plot ◽  
Ecological Conditions ◽  
Biological Structures ◽  
Deterministic Components ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Rank Estimates

It has been shown in the present work that the methods used to sum up the coefficients of concentrations (hazards) of different pollutants in the abiotic geospheres are not additive and therefore cannot be universal. Universal is the entropic model developed for the biological structures. However, the classic definition of entropy is not appropriate for the abiotic structures because it comprises both stochastic and deterministic components. In the present work, a novel formula for calculating entropy of abiotic structures based on the environmental risk is proposed and an entropic model for assessing the environmental stability of such structures has been constructed for forecasting their development. The model has been tested by comparing the results of assessing the conditions of a test plot according to the entropic and the classic methodology. The classing one being non-additive yields somewhat overrated rank estimates. The entropic methodology makes it possible to forecast the ecological conditions of the test plot.

Biometrology? Finding Biological, Pathological, Diagnostic Meaning From Critical Length-Scale Measurements

1998 ◽  
Vol 4 (S2) ◽  
pp. 310-311
Author(s):  
M.J. Allen ◽  
V. B. Elings
Keyword(s):  
Critical Length ◽  
Diagnostic Information ◽  
Nanometer Scale ◽  
Length Scale ◽  
Biological Cells ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Afm Imaging ◽  
Biological Structures ◽  
Biochemical Measurements ◽  
Definition Of

The atomic force microscope (AFM) is now a fairly widely used metrological tool for measuring surfaces with nanometer-scale precision, in 3-D. A number of biologists have noticed that untreated biological cells and molecules deposited onto surfaces can also be analyzed by AFM in air or fluids provided the AFM imaging forces do not greatly excede the compressiblity of the specimen. What has gone largely unnoticed in the biological microscopy community is the fact that AFM provides a wealth of opportunity with regard to 3D, nanometer-scale morphometric and biochemical measurements of biomaterials, cells and molecules. The ability to obtain such precise length-scale measurements on biological structures does open up a whole new branch of biological microscopy- something we have termed, Biometrology. A broad definition of Biometrology is, the science of quantifying biological structures such that the measured quantities give rise to biological or diagnostic information.

scholarly journals LEGAL ASPECTS OF ECONOMIC AND ENVIRONMENTAL RISKS OF ACTIVITIES RELATED WITH HIGH-RISK OBJECTS

2020 ◽  
pp. 66-78
Author(s):  
V.V. Andreitsev ◽  
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Environmental Risk ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Environmental Safety ◽  
Legal Aspects ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Scientific Article ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Security Guarantees

The article is devoted to an actual topic on the economic and environmental risk of activities related to high risk objects. Such topic has not been practically investigated in domestic economic and legal science. The scientific article contains the key words related to the economic and ecological risk of the mentioned activity, substantiates its scientific and practical relevance in the context of legal support in the conditions of sustainable socio-economic development, as well as guaranteeing the ecological and overall safety of activities related to the high-risk objects. The author notes the research of scientists who have developed problems of economic, commercial, industrial, economic risk, in particular its legal aspects: Prof. A.G. Bobkova, prof. O.V. Bigniak, prof. O.M. Vinnik, prof. I.F. Koval, prof. V.L. Musiyaka, prof. V.V. Reznikova, prof. N.O. Saniakhmetova, prof. R.O. Stephanchuk and others. These scientists have revealed character and peculiarities of risks in economic activity. Some of them have also focused attention on the establishment of legislative restrictions on environmental safety of production, compliance with safety requirements for life and health of people. The author also points out the scientific works on legal environmental risk, highlights peculiarities of its legal nature. The article thoroughly and comprehensively presents the main results of the study, analyzes laws and other normative acts of Ukraine, the United Nations Conventions and documents of the European Union. This allowed the author to conclude on the presence of economic and environmental risk in terms of its adverse effects on the environment, life and health of the population. Based on the analysis of theoretical sources, evaluation of the domestic legislation, the author proposes the definition of economic and environmental risk, as a formal legal basis for the emergence of obligations of economic entities to eliminate the risk in the event of this risk, eliminate its consequences. He also proposes to introduce appropriate amendments to the Article 16 of the Constitution of Ukraine and the Economic Code of Ukraine, regarding the establishment of additional security guarantees for the security of economic activity related to high-risk objects.

scholarly journals Transformation of properties of chornozems and their resistance to anthropogenic pressure

2013 ◽  
pp. 8-16
Author(s):  
Sviatoslav Baluk ◽  
Liudmyla Vorotyntseva
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Environmental Risk ◽  
Black Soil ◽  
Sustainable Land Use ◽  
Soil Stability ◽  
Anthropogenic Pressure ◽  
Soil Humus ◽  
Agricultural Use ◽  
Definition Of

The directions of the transformation of the properties of chernozems under the influence of agricultural use and irrigation are shown. For balanced and sustainable land use is required anthropogenic load on the soil based on the definition of acceptable environmental risk of degradation, taking into account the soil stability to anthropogenic pressure. Keywords: soil properties, soil, humus, irrigation, soil stability, black soil.

Mathematical model to assess the actual environmental risk from the point source emissions

2014 ◽  
Vol 25 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 91-98
Author(s):  
V. N. Poltoratskaya
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Air Pollution ◽  
Point Source ◽  
Density Distribution ◽  
Environmental Risk ◽  
Point Sources ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Worst Case ◽  
Maximum Admissible Concentration ◽  
Definition Of

A mathematical model for point source emissions, which allows to determine the ecological risk, improve the ecological situation in the region with the ability to manage risk. Environmental risk is defined as the probability of exceeding a multidimensional integral field concentrations of pollutants its Maximum Admissible Concentration (with a small number of measurements) or frequency exceeding the given measured concentrations of pollutants its Maximum Admissible Concentration (with a large number of measurements). Components of air pollution regions, cities, enterprises are individual emission sources, so primarily developing assessment and environmental risk analysis should be performed for individual sources and, above all, to prevent significant risks – for the prognostic assessment of newly constructed or reconstructed enterprises, and for existing facilities – from the measurement data. For a single point source mathematical model includes: – raw data (results undertorch measurement characteristics of pollutants, sanitary protection and residential areas, the design parameters of the source and characteristics of the external environment for the worst-case); – forecast concentrations of pollutants depending on the design parameters of the source and characteristics of an environment for a source with circular and rectangular mouth, hot and cold emissions, extremely dangerous low wind speeds; – depending on the definition of the amendments to the measured concentrations due to the difference of the worst conditions from measurements; – depending on the definition given to the worst conditions of the measured concentrations and their statistical processing in order to obtain: a) the numerical characteristics of the density distribution of the concentration of pollutants emitted (mathematical expectations, standard deviations and correlation coefficients); b) environmental risk α, defined at a relatively small number of trials as a multidimensional probability integral of the density distribution of the concentrations obtained with the numerical characteristics, and a large number of tests - the frequency of the measured concentrations exceeding; c) environmental risks from air pollution αj separate pollutants; d) depending on the definition of the numerical characteristics of the forecast distribution density is not measured (secondary) concentrations of pollutants emitted to address their risks when determining α and αj. It is shown that, in accordance with applicable regulatory requirements must consider the risk of the negative impact of air pollution to humans, the level of which is determined using the values of the maximum one-time maximum allowable concentrations pollutants. Defined by experienced stochastic patterns of distribution of contaminants in the atmosphere. Studied the random variation of concentrations. Theoretically and experimentally substantiated principles of developing a mathematical model to assess the actual risk from ecological point sources of emissions. 

scholarly journals Precision about the automatic emotional brain

2015 ◽  
Vol 38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrik Vuilleumier
Keyword(s):  
Neural Circuits ◽  
Emotion Processing ◽  
Ecological Conditions ◽  
Behavioral Phenomena ◽  
Definition Of

AbstractThe question of automaticity in emotion processing has been debated under different perspectives in recent years. Satisfying answers to this issue will require a better definition of automaticity in terms of relevant behavioral phenomena, ecological conditions of occurrence, and a more precise mechanistic account of the underlying neural circuits.

Keeping it small: towards a molecular definition of nanotoxicology

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Audrey Gallud ◽  
Bengt Fadeel
Keyword(s):  
Biological Systems ◽  
Living Organism ◽  
Clinical Applications ◽  
Engineered Nanomaterials ◽  
Biological Structures ◽  
Nanoscale Interactions ◽  
Per Se ◽  
Definition Of

AbstractIn this essay, we offer the opinion that engineered nanomaterials are, by definition, materials that can interact with biological systems at the nanoscale, and that this very fact underlies both the promise and the peril of this multifaceted class of materials. Furthermore, nanomaterials are cloaked in host-derived proteins, lipids, or other biomolecules as they enter into a living organism and this so-called bio-corona may impact on subsequent interactions with biological structures. We will explore some examples of nanoscale effects of engineered nanomaterials, and discuss how such interactions may underpin toxicity, and, conversely, how nanoscale interactions may be harnessed for clinical applications, including the use of nanoparticles as drugs per se.

scholarly journals Beyond limits – the pitfalls of global gene drives for environmental risk assessment in the European Union

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 1-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marion Dolezel ◽  
Christoph Lüthi ◽  
Helmut Gaugitsch
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Environmental Risk ◽  
Environmental Risk Assessment ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Comparative Approach ◽  
Gene Drive ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Ecosystem Level ◽  
Definition Of

Gene drive organisms (GDOs) have been suggested as approaches to combat some of the most pressing environmental and public health issues. No such organisms have so far been released into the environment, but it remains unclear whether the relevant regulatory provisions will be fit for purpose to cover their potential environmental, human and animal health risks if environmental releases of GDOs are envisaged. We evaluate the novel features of GDOs and outline the resulting challenges for the environmental risk assessment. These are related to the definition of the receiving environment, the use of the comparative approach, the definition of potential harm, the stepwise testing approach, the assessment of long-term and large-scale risks at population and ecosystem level and the post-release monitoring of adverse effects. Fundamental adaptations as well as the development of adequate risk assessment methodologies are needed in order to enable an operational risk assessment for globally spreading GDOs before these organisms are released into environments in the EU.

scholarly journals Environmental risks in hydropower industry

2014 ◽  
pp. 178-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Pavelko ◽  
M. Syrotyuk
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Environmental Risk ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Environmental Risks ◽  
Hydropower Plant ◽  
Hydroelectric Power ◽  
Hydroelectric Power Plants ◽  
Risks Assessment ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Hydropower Industry

The main theoretical aspects of the environmental risks as a scientific category, the definition of environmental risk in the Ukrainian legislation, as well as major environmental risks associated with the construction and operation of hydroelectric power have been described. Taking into account the largescale plans of the hydroelectric power plants building in Ukraine after the implementation of "green" tariff the determination and issue the appropriate environmental risks assessment is crucial for making the reasonable management decisions on the construction of hydroelectric power or abandon it. Key words: environmental risk, hydropower plant.

scholarly journals Repositioning Strategy in the Maritime Port Business: A Case Study from Montenegro, Port of Adria

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-87
Author(s):  
Senka Šekularac-Ivošević ◽  
Melika Husić-Mehmedović ◽  
Elen Twrdy
Keyword(s):  
Competitive Advantage ◽  
Marketing Strategy ◽  
Environmental Stability ◽  
Knowledge And Attitudes ◽  
Model Based ◽  
Financial Strength ◽  
Inductive Study ◽  
Definition Of

The main objective of this paper is to define the repositioning strategy of the Port of Adria, which is the leading container maritime port of Montenegro. The strategy is an integral reflection of the analysis of internal (competitive advantage and financial strength) and external (the potential of container maritime port industry and environmental stability) repositioning criteria. The case study in this paper is mainly accomplished through the definition of specific propositions that clarify the connections between these criteria and the repositioning strategy. Knowledge and attitudes of stakeholders are used with the purpose of modeling a marketing strategy, which is based on an inductive study. The paper proposes a model based on a specific maritime port case which can be applied to any other case of maritime port repositioning as well.

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