scholarly journals Hepatitis B Virus Infection as a Risk Factor for Developing Diabetes Mellitus: A Meta-Analysis of a Large Observational Studies

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 110-115
Author(s):  
Mutiara Nindya Sari ◽  
Clarissa Agdelina ◽  
Darlene Bahri ◽  
Nadya Regina Permata ◽  
Joue Abraham Trixie
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Primary Outcome ◽  
Hbv Infection ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Study Type

Background: There are a lot of theories about how Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) infection affects many diseases, one of them is Diabetes Mellitus (DM). However, the relation remains controversial between DM and HBV as an infection. This study aims to evaluate HBV infection as a risk factor for developing DM.Method: A systematic review was performed using medical search engines such as Pubmed, ScienceDirect and GoogleScholar. References until February 2021 that met the inclusion criteria were reviewed. The primary outcome was the prevalence of DM. Authors also perform Subgroup analyses based on study type. The extracted data were analyzed using RevMan 5.4 application.Results: A total of 20 studies were analyzed with 245,468,411 subjects included. In which divided into two groups, patients with HBV infected group and non infected HBV group. Authors found that there is a statistically difference between patients with HBV infected groups and non infected HBV groups on the primary outcome which is the prevalence of DM (OR 1.24; 95% CI, 1.10-1.41; p = 0.0006). Authors also found the same results based on study type both in case-control (OR = 1.76; 95% CI: 1.08-2.85; p = 0.02) and cross-sectional (OR = 1.40; 95% CI: 1.05-1.85; p = 0.02) studies. Meanwhile in Cohort studies the results show no statistically significant difference between the two groups (OR = 1.07; 95% CI: 0.87-1.33; p = 0.52). Conclusion:  HBV infected patients have a higher risk of developing DM than patients without HBV infection. 

scholarly journals Prevalence of Hepatitis B among Food Vendors in Wurukum Market, Makurdi Benue State

2018 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
V. U. Obisike ◽  
C. M. Uke ◽  
E. U. Amuta
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Hbv Infection ◽  
Test Strips ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Life Threatening

Hepatitis B is a life threatening infectious liver disease caused by hepatitis B virus (HBV). The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of HBV among food vendors in Wurukum, a highly commercial section of metropolitan Makurdi in Benue State. The test was carried out with the use of an immunochromatographic  micropoint HBsAg test strips and a HBsAg  buffer screen for the virus. Out of the 250 non-vaccinated food vendors sampled, 27(10.8%) had HBV infection, with more in males (21.7%) than in females (6.6%). No significant difference (p>0.05) was found among age groups in spite of the observed highest prevalence of 14.3% among the 20-29 year olds. Therefore, the need for routine screening cannot be overemphasized in spite of known risk factors among food vendors.

scholarly journals Age-wise and Gender-wise Prevalence of Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) Infection in Lahore, Pakistan

2019 ◽  
Vol 01 (04) ◽  
pp. 20-28
Author(s):  
Aqib Nazeer ◽  
Shahid Ali ◽  
Imran Tipu
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Hepatitis B Surface Antigen ◽  
Hbv Infection ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Pakistani Population ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
B Virus ◽  
And Gender

Background The prevalence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) in the Pakistani population has been reported previously, however, studies with a city-oriented approach and focus on age and gender distribution are very limited. Therefore, the current study was designed to unravel the age-wise and gender wise prevalence of HBV in Lahore, Pakistan. Methods A total of 350 blood samples of both male and female patients who visited National Genetic Laboratory, Lahore between February 2019 and July 2019 and who were suspected of HBV infection were screened. Sandwich based ELISA was used to detect rapid hepatitis B surface antigen (HbsAg) according to the manufacturer’s instruction. Real time PCR was used to detect HBV using HBV Rotor Gene PCR kit. Results Out of 350 blood samples screened for HBV infection (n= 350), 180 (51.43%) were of males and 170 (48.57%) were of females. Mean age (years) with SD (standard deviation) of the screened population was 37.22 ± 12.16 years. Overall, 224 samples (64%) were found to be positive for HBV infection. In our study, the number of females with this infection (52.24%) was slightly higher than males (47.76%). However, we observed no statistically significant difference (p = 0.225) between them. Conclusion Our study concludes that HBV is highly prevalent in Lahore, Pakistan. Females are slightly more susceptible to HBV infection as compared to males. This study also reports that HBV is more prevalent in the 20-40 age group.

Pregnancy Complicated With Hepatitis B Virus Infection and Preterm Birth: A Retrospective Cohort Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuisen Zheng ◽  
Huale Zhang ◽  
Rongxin Chen ◽  
Jianying Yan ◽  
Qing Han
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Preterm Birth ◽  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Hbv Infection ◽  
Confounding Factors ◽  
Logistics Regression ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
B Virus

Abstract Background: We aimed to investigate whether maternal chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection affects preterm birth（PTB) in pregnant women. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed HBV-infected and non-infected pregnant women attending antenatal care at Fujian Provincial Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Fuzhou, China between January 1, 2016 to December 31, 2018. Participants were divided into HBV infection (n = 1302) and control (n = 12813) groups. We compared baseline data, pregnancy and perinatal complications, and preterm delivery outcomes between groups and performed subgroup comparisons and multiple logistics regression analysis to adjust for confounding factors. Results: The incidence of PTBs before 37 weeks was similar between the groups. PTBs before 34 weeks were significantly more among the HBV infection group than among the controls (1.6% VS. 0.8% ; P = 0.003) After adjusting for confounding factors through logistics regression, HBV infection was found to be an independent PTB risk factor before 34 weeks gestation (adjusted odds ratio 1.796; 95% confidence interval[1.071, 3.012]). According to the subgroup analysis based on whether hepatitis B e-antigen (HBeAg) was positive and whether alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels were normal during the second trimester, PTB was more frequent in HBeAg negative HBV infection before 34 weeks than among controls(1.8% VS. 0.8%). The PTB rate for pregnant women with normal ALT and HBV infection before 34 weeks was higher than that of the controls (1.6% VS. 0.8%) Conclusion HBV infection is an independent risk factor for PTB before 34 weeks. Comprehensive programs focusing on pregnant women with HBV infection would reduce the incidence of adverse outcomes.

scholarly journals Seroepidemiology of hepatitis B virus in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: transmission patterns and vaccine control

2003 ◽  
Vol 131 (1) ◽  
pp. 757-770 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. ABEBE ◽  
D. J. NOKES ◽  
A. DEJENE ◽  
F. ENQUSELASSIE ◽  
T. MESSELE ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Addis Ababa ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Hbv Infection ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
Childbearing Age ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
B Virus

A community-based seroepidemiological survey of Addis Ababa, Ethiopia was conducted in 1994 to inform on the transmission dynamics and control of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. Venous blood from 4736 individuals under 50 years of age from 1262 households, selected using stratified cluster-sampling, was screened for HBV markers using commercial ELISAs. HBsAg prevalence was 7% (95% CI 6–8), higher in males (9%; 7–10) than females (5%; 4–6). HBeAg prevalence in HBsAg positives was 23% (18–29), and less than 1% of women of childbearing age were HBeAg positive. Overall HBV seroprevalence (any marker), rose steadily with age to over 70% in 40–49 year olds, indicating significant childhood and adult transmission. Estimated instantaneous incidence was 3–4/100 susceptibles/year, higher in males than females in 0–4 year olds, and peaking in early childhood and young adults. The age at which 50% had evidence of infection was around 20 years, and the herd immunity threshold is approximated at 63–77%. Addis Ababa is of intermediate-high HBV endemicity, with negligible perinatal transmission. Our main findings are the identification of a significant difference between males and females in the age-acquisition of HBV infection, and marked differences between age groups in HBV incidence rates. These results should target future research studies of underlying risk factors. Furthermore, we generate a crude estimate of the level of coverage of HBV vaccine that would be required to eliminate the virus from the study population.

scholarly journals Clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis of hepatitis B associated membranous nephropathy and idiopathic membranous nephropathy complicated with hepatitis B virus infection

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruiqiang Wang ◽  
Yunqi Wu ◽  
Bowen Zheng ◽  
Xiaofeng Zhang ◽  
Dongyue An ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Membranous Nephropathy ◽  
Renal Tissue ◽  
Hbv Infection ◽  
Idiopathic Membranous Nephropathy ◽  
Glutamic Pyruvic Transaminase ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
B Virus

AbstractThe main objective of this study is to analyze the clinical and pathological features and prognosis of patients with Hepatitis B associated membranous nephropathy (HBV-MN) and idiopathic membranous nephropathy (IMN) complicated with hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. This study will provide more basis for diagnosis and prognosis evaluation. A total of 50 patients with HBV-MN were included in this study. 56 IMN patients complicated with HBV infection diagnosed during the same period formed the control group. Parameters including blood routine, urine routine and plasma levels of albumin (ALB), serum creatinine (SCR), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), urea acid (UA), total cholesterol (T-CHO), triglycerides (TG), complement C3 and C4, glutamic pyruvic transaminase (ALT), glutamic pyruvic transaminase (AST), 24-h urinary protein quantification (24 h-TP), renal phospholipase A2 receptor (PLA2R) and HBV related markers during the hospitalization and outpatient follow-up study period were collected for all the patients. The proportion of male patients was high in both groups. The average age of the HBV-MN group was 37.2 ± 14.187 years old, it was younger compared with the IMN group (P = 0.003). Nephrotic syndrome was the major clinical manifestation among patients. There was no significant difference between the two groups in the levels of anemia, microscopic hematuria, renal dysfunction, liver dysfunction, liver cirrhosis. The level of serum C3 and C4 in the HBV-MN group was lower compared with the IMN group (P = 0.002, P = 0.014). In the HBV-MN group, serum HBV markers were negative in 6 (12%) patients, 4 patients (8%) were positive for PLA2R in serum, and 5 patients (10%) were positive for PLA2R in renal tissue. Stronger IgG1 and C1q and weaker IgG4 staining were found in HBV-MN group renal tissues (P = 0.003, P = 0.025, and P = 0.001, respectively). There were no statistical differences compared with serum and renal PLA2R between HBV-MN and IMN groups (P = 0.098, P = 0.109). During the 1-year follow-up, there was no significant difference in complete remission rate between the two groups (P = 0.7739). Renal biopsy is crucial to diagnose HBV-MN. IgG subtypes in the HBV-MN group were mainly IgG1 deposition, while those in IMN complicated with HBV infection group were mainly IgG4 deposition. When HBV-associated antigen and PLA2R are present in renal tissue, lower level of serum C3 and C4, high intensity of renal C1q and IgG1 is more supportive of HBV-MN. The positive of PLA2R in serum and renal tissue in differentiating HBV from IMN complicated with HBV infection remains to be discussed.

scholarly journals Serological and molecular analysis on the relationships between type 2 diabetes mellitus and hepatitis B virus infection

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (08) ◽  
pp. 837-844 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huijuan Zhu ◽  
Yiying Wang ◽  
Lugang Yu ◽  
Yunfang Xu ◽  
Hui Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Hbv Infection ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Genotype C

Introduction: This study aimed to further analyze the associations between type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, and to investigate the relationships between T2DM and the mutations within the HBV major hydrophilic region (MHR). Methodology: In this cross-sectional study, 3,377 persons (338 T2DM patients and 3,039 non-diabetics) were randomly selected. HBsAg detection was performed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The HBV MHR was amplified, sequenced, and analyzed by nested PCR. Results: The seroprevalence of HBsAg was 21.30% in T2DM patients (72/338), which was significantly higher than in non-diabetics (15.53%). Compared to persons without T2DM, the proportion of T2DM patients positive for HBsAg was significantly elevated in males, people > 55 years (p = 0.039), and people with a body mass index (BMI) ≥ 24 kg/m2. Totally, 112 genotype B and 111 genotype C HBV sequences were isolated. No significant difference in HBV genotype distribution was observed between T2DM patients and non-diabetics. Compared to genotype C HBV-infected cases in non-diabetics, the amino acid substitution rates in the MHR were significantly higher in T2DM patients (p = 0.003). Moreover, seven HBV strains with stop codon mutations within the HBV S gene were identified: three from T2DM patients (5.45%) and four from non-diabetics (2.38%). Conclusions: In China, T2DM is significantly associated with chronic HBV infections and genotype C HBV MHR mutations. Being males, > 55 years of age, and ≥ 24 kg/m2 of BMI are the risk factors of HBV infection in T2DM patients.

scholarly journals Preventive Practice on Hepatitis B Virus Infection among Dentists in Selected Hospitals at Dhaka City, Bangladesh

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-17
Author(s):  
Faisal Solaiman ◽  
Shamim Ahmed ◽  
Syeda Mahmuda Akhter ◽  
Arup Kumar Saha ◽  
Helal Uddin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Hbv Infection ◽  
Dhaka City ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Dental Surgery ◽  
Preventive Practice ◽  
B Virus ◽  
High Level

Aims: The study was carried out among 120 dentists working in the selected hospitals of Dhaka city to find out the preventive practice on hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. Methods: A descriptive type of cross-sectional study was carried out involving 120 dentists working in the selected hospitals of Dhaka city from December 2011 to March 2012 to quantify the preventive practice on HBV infection through a pretested semi-structured questionnaire. Results were analyzed by using the software SPSS 16.0 version (Chicago). Then analyzed data were presented according to the variables of the study showing percentage relationship between variables using appropriate statistical method.Results: Mean age of the dentists was 26.43±6.29 (range, 25-45) years where 74.17% were male and 25.83% were female. Among 120 respondents, 20.83% obtained BDS degree along with a postgraduate training (PGT) in any of the respective fields of dentistry. Others obtained MS in dentistry (21.67%), MPH in dentistry (10.83%), PhD in dentistry (9.17%), DDS in dental surgery (10%) and FCPS in dentistry (6.67%). Academic positions of the respondents were 33.33%, assistant professors, 26.67% associate professors, 19.17% medical officers, and 17.5% were lecturers. Majority (93.3%) dentists knew about HBV transmission, prevention, symptoms, risks, and concurrences. Out of them, 87.5% reported having been tested for HBV which was associated with their designations (p=0.013) and more than 75% reported having been vaccinated against HBV. Conclusions: A high level of knowledge and attitude towards practice in the prevention of HBV was found to be very good among the dentists of Dhaka city though seemed it was not always possible to take precaution for handling emergency patients. Further broad scale studies would be needed to have decisive results. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/cdcj.v10i1.13831 City Dent. Coll. J Volume-10, Number-1, January-2013

scholarly journals Knowledge, attitude and prevalence of hepatitis B virus among healthcare workers: a cross-sectional, hospital-based study in Bamenda Health District, NWR, Cameroon

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. e031075
Author(s):  
Etheline Akazong W ◽  
Christopher Tume ◽  
Richard Njouom ◽  
Lawrence Ayong ◽  
Victor Fondoh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Hepatitis B Surface Antigen ◽  
Hbv Infection ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hbsag Positivity ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Hbv Transmission

IntroductionHepatitis B virus (HBV) is a bloodborne virus which can be transmitted via percutaneous and mucocutaneous exposure to infected body fluid. Healthcare workers (HCWs) who are continuously exposed to different body fluids are at an increased risk of contracting and transmitting this virus. It is thus important to evaluate the knowledge and attitude of HCWs towards HBV and the prevalence of HBV infection among them.MethodsThis cross-sectional study was carried out between April and September 2017. Overall, 398 HCWs were recruited for this study. Knowledge on the route of HBV transmission and attitude towards HBV were evaluated using a well-structured questionnaire. Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) positivity was obtained using the Monolisa HBsAg ULTRA kit (Bio-Rad). Data were analysed using SPSS V.20.ResultsAmong the HCWs who participated in this study, 338 (84.9%) had heard of HBV, and 269 (67.6%) of them had adequate knowledge on the route of HBV transmission. Medical doctors were the most knowledgeable among biomedical workers and students (76.5%). The rate of stigma was highest among nurses (87, 38.8%). The prevalence of HBsAg positivity was high (42, 10.6%) given that there is an efficient and available vaccine. Overall, over 70% of HCWs invited to participate in this study responded.ConclusionKnowledge on the route of HBV transmission was fair, and the level of stigmatisation of HBV-infected patients and the prevalence of HBV infection were high in this study. A sensitisation campaign should be carried out to educate HCWs on HBV, thus reducing the level of stigma associated with HBV as well as the probability of contracting HBV as a nosocomial infection.

scholarly journals Relationship between HLA-DQ Gene Polymorphism and Hepatitis B Virus Infection

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tao Xu ◽  
Meiqun Sun ◽  
Hongtao Wang
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Large Population ◽  
Human Leukocyte ◽  
Hbv Infection ◽  
Leukocyte Antigen ◽  
Hla Dq ◽  
B Virus

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is the predominant risk factor for chronic hepatitis B (CHB). The association between HBV infection and human leukocyte antigen- (HLA-) DQ polymorphism (rs2856718 and rs7453920) has been demonstrated in other studies; however, the results were controversial or inconclusive. Therefore, to derive a more precise estimation of the association, a meta-analysis was performed. Crude odds ratios (ORs) and their 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used to assess the strength of association between HLA-DQ polymorphism (rs2856718 and rs7453920) and HBV infection risk. A total of 11 articles were used to evaluate the effect of the two polymorphisms on risk of HBV infection. The pooled data showed that HLA-DQ rs2856718-G polymorphism showed protection against HBV infection, and rs2856718-A was a risk factor for chronic HBV infection. The pooled risk estimates indicated that HLA-DQ rs7453920-A polymorphism was associated with decreased risk of HBV infection, and rs7453920-G serves as a risk factor in HBV infection. However, these stratified analyses were lacking credibility due to the limitation of correlational study numbers; further investigation on a large population and different ethnicities is warranted.

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