scholarly journals Does Federalism Matter in Africa?

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 36-40
Author(s):  
Rotimi Suberu
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Formal Institutions ◽  
The Real ◽  
Prevailing Paradigm ◽  
Self Rule ◽  
Academic Study

The academic study of federalism is somewhat unfashionable in Africa, where formal institutions are often regarded as superficial, ephemeral and ineffective, while informal norms, networks, processes and practices are considered to be the real bedrock and substance of politics. Indeed, for decades, a “neo-patrimonial theoretical framework” or “institution-less school” has been the prevailing paradigm for analyzing African governance and politics (Cheeseman 2018, 10-12). As a concept, neo-patrimonialism focuses on the pathologies of personal, “big man” rule, corruption, predation, patron-client networks and other informal ruling mechanisms in Africa. African structures of personalist rule and relations, in this neo-patrimonial conceptual framework, have little or no place for formal federalist institutions of self-rule, shared rule, and limited rule. Consequently, federalism is often regarded as irrelevant, unviable, or invariably doomed to degradation, extinction, and administrative, fiscal, and political recentralization in Africa’s neo-patrimonial governance eco-system. “In short,” in the words of a leading scholar of decentralization in Africa, “federalism can hardly matter where [formal] institutions themselves have little import” (Dickovick 2012, 3).

The Conceptual Framework: Growth, Institutions, and Social Orders

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Lorenzo Capussela
Keyword(s):  
Open Access ◽  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Social Order ◽  
Institutional Economics ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Institutional Reforms ◽  
Reversible Process ◽  
Main Determinant ◽  
Social Orders

This chapter lays out one part of the theoretical framework of the book, drawn from institutional economics. This literature maintains that institutions are the main determinant of long-term growth, and that to remain ‘appropriate’ institutions must evolve in synchrony with an economy’s progress through the stages of its development. Their evolution depends on a society’s openness to political creative destruction. Limited-access social orders tend to constrain it, to safeguard elites’ rents, and typically undermine progressive institutional reforms, breaking that synchrony. The transition from that social order to the open-access one is an endogenous and reversible process, in which inefficient institutions, which allow elites to extract rents, coexist with appropriate ones, which constrain their power and make it contestable. The hypothesis is advanced that Italy has not yet completed this transition, and that the tension between its efficient and inefficient institutions can endogenously generate shocks, which open opportunities for equilibrium shifts.

Supply chain information governance: toward a conceptual framework

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 506-526 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joonhwan In ◽  
Randy Bradley ◽  
Bogdan C. Bichescu ◽  
Chad W. Autry
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Information Flow ◽  
Information Quality ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Performance Outcomes ◽  
Organizational Level ◽  
Information Flows ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Information Governance

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to propose a scalable conceptual framework for governance of supply chain (SC) information flows by re-contextualizing the organizational concept of information governance as an SC concept. Design/methodology/approach This study leverages the strategy-structure-process-performance (SSPP) theory base to explain how effective SC information governance relates to improved internal SC performance. Via an in-depth literature review followed by conceptual theory building, the key features of organizational-level information governance are cast into a theoretical framework. Findings This study presents the theoretical framework that explains how SC information governance should contribute to improved internal SC performance. The proposed framework provides a theoretical basis for future research on SC information governance and would become a useful first step to extend the concept of SC information governance at the SC level. Practical implications SC managers should be aware that information governance mechanisms, rather than the management of basic, information flow-directed processes, to yield the best performance outcomes. Because of the numerous touch points information has in complex SCs, managing the quality of SC information through broader, higher-level governance standards is more important than maximizing connectivity and information flows, and information governance structures/policies across organizations should be designed accordingly. Originality/value This study theoretically links SC information governance and internal SC performance via information quality. It also advances the understanding of SC information flow by challenging the implicit but flawed assumption that uniformity of information quality within the supply chain to create the best outcomes.

scholarly journals Traduire l’incertitude

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (45) ◽  
pp. 77-100
Author(s):  
Spiros Macris
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Intentional Object ◽  
Real Object ◽  
Translation Process ◽  
The Real ◽  
Theoretical Position ◽  
Radical Critique ◽  
French And English ◽  
Translational Process

About Some Poems of Hans Faverey (1933-1990) Representation, as an actualisation of a text, is the real object of translation. In order to better understand the implications of this theoretical position, it is explored through the study of translations into French and English of a few poems by the Dutch writer Hans Faverey (1933-1990) as his work constitutes a radical critique of representation. The means of his critique are: autonomy of the poem considered as a device, referential deviation, syntactic alteration, etc. These elements transform the translation process in the sense of a greater indeterminacy, but also change the nature of the translational process. These multidimensional modifications find an adequate theoretical framework in Roman Ingarden’s analysis of translation as an intentional object.

scholarly journals Strategies for the Development and Application of Research Frameworks in Sciences Education Research

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Lindelani Mnguni
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Science Education ◽  
Education Research ◽  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Nature Of Science ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Current Paper ◽  
Science Education Research ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Research Frameworks

Recent research in social sciences and education shows that a significant number of studies are neither reproducible nor repeatable. This compromises the validity, reliability and trustworthiness of these studies, as they violate the prescriptions of the nature of science. This lack of validity, reliability and trustworthiness could be due to poorly conceptualized research frameworks, including the conceptual framework and theoretical framework. Additionally, there is an apparent confusion on the difference between the research frameworks and their role in research. The current paper defines the different research frameworks that are used in science education. It also provides systematic strategies for the development and application of research frameworks in science education research. By using these systematic strategies, researchers could enhance the validity, reliability and trustworthiness of their research.   Received: 2 August 2021 / Accepted: 18 September 2021 / Published: 5 November 2021

A Multilevel Theoretical Framework Integrating Diversity and Emotional Labor

2018 ◽  
Vol 43 (5) ◽  
pp. 718-751 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruth A. Imose ◽  
Lisa M. Finkelstein
Keyword(s):  
Boundary Conditions ◽  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Emotional Labor ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Work Environments ◽  
Role Emotional ◽  
The Individual ◽  
New Research

Science designed to understand the effects of diversity in organizations and science designed to understand the processes and outcomes of emotional labor have accumulated with increased rapidity, but rarely have the two research streams merged. We present a conceptual framework to integrate diversity with emotional labor, with the goals of prompting new research pathways and forging better understanding of the role emotional labor processes play in diverse work environments. This multilevel framework allows for conceptualizing and testing ideas about the interplay of both of these concepts at the individual and team levels, and introduces potential boundary conditions for their effects.

Post-Bureaucratic Organizations as Complex Systems

2017 ◽  
pp. 152-179 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabrizio Maimone
Keyword(s):  
Complex Systems ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Cultural Factors ◽  
Ideal Type ◽  
Final Part ◽  
Future Research ◽  
The Real ◽  
Real Nature ◽  
Practical Implications

The term “post-bureaucratic” defines such organizations characterized by the absence or the reduced role of traditional bureaucracy. This contribution is aimed to provide a theoretical framework to explain the real nature and the hidden dynamics of post-bureaucratic systems, adopting a complex (Stacey, 1996; Mitleton-Kelly, 2003), critical (Wilmott, 1992; Alvesson, Bridgman, & Willmott, 2009) and multi-paradigmatic perspective (Gioia & Pitre, 1990; Lowe, Magala, & Hwang, 2012; Patel, 2016), that considers also the influence of socio-psychological and socio-cultural factors. The findings of the research suggest it is opportune to go beyond the epistemological stance of the Weberian concept of ideal type, assuming that contemporary organizations may show hybrid (see Stark, 1992; Grandori, 1995) and multi-status configurations. The theoretical, methodological and practical implications of the adoption of this perspective are discussed in the final part of the chapter and are provided suggestions for present and future research.

The Interdisciplinarity of the Information Science

2019 ◽  
pp. 267-302
Author(s):  
José Rascão
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Information Science ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Interdisciplinary Science ◽  
Conceptual Evolution

This chapter presents the conceptual evolution of interdisciplinarity, transdisciplinarity, and discipline under information science from a theoretical framework. The text is a research whose primary purpose is to analyze scientific research developed in the context of interdisciplinary information science with participation in more than one area of knowledge. Using the concepts presented and those that contemporary authors studied in different areas for composition of the conceptual framework that presents itself, the results of the research have enabled profiling of research in the area about the use of different approaches and concluded that different forms and levels of interaction are found in information science. It is, therefore, concluded that the concepts have changed and that caused significant changes in their meanings. These changes lead to an ongoing re-evaluation and updating in the context of information science and its implications because it is an interdisciplinary science.

scholarly journals Viral invasion fitness across a continuum from lysis to latency†

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Joshua S Weitz ◽  
Guanlin Li ◽  
Hayriye Gulbudak ◽  
Michael H Cortez ◽  
Rachel J Whitaker
Keyword(s):  
High Growth ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Virus Genome ◽  
Environmental Drivers ◽  
Natural Environments ◽  
Chronic Infections ◽  
Viral Genomes ◽  
Virus Particles ◽  
Invasion Fitness ◽  
Prevailing Paradigm

Abstract The prevailing paradigm in ecological studies of viruses and their microbial hosts is that the reproductive success of viruses depends on the proliferation of the ‘predator’, that is, the virus particle. Yet, viruses are obligate intracellular parasites, and the virus genome—the actual unit of selection—can persist and proliferate from one cell generation to the next without lysis or the production of new virus particles. Here, we propose a theoretical framework to quantify the invasion fitness of viruses using an epidemiological cell-centric metric that focuses on the proliferation of viral genomes inside cells instead of virus particles outside cells. This cell-centric metric enables direct comparison of viral strategies characterized by obligate killing of hosts (e.g. via lysis), persistence of viral genomes inside hosts (e.g. via lysogeny), and strategies along a continuum between these extremes (e.g. via chronic infections). As a result, we can identify environmental drivers, life history traits, and key feedbacks that govern variation in viral propagation in nonlinear population models. For example, we identify threshold conditions given relatively low densities of susceptible cells and relatively high growth rates of infected cells in which lysogenic and other chronic strategies have higher potential viral reproduction than lytic strategies. Altogether, the theoretical framework helps unify the ongoing study of eco-evolutionary drivers of viral strategies in natural environments.

scholarly journals Conceptual Framework on Workplace Deviance Behaviour: A Review

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 218-233 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kanimozhi Narayanan ◽  
Susan E. Murphy
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Organizational Climate ◽  
Empirical Research ◽  
Common Ground ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Workplace Deviance ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Cultural Setting ◽  
Cross National

This article aims to highlight the importance of organizational climate with both destructive and constructive deviance behaviour in different cultural setting with workplace as a common ground. First, we discuss the need for research in workplace deviance especially destructive and constructive deviance behaviour with the review of previous studies from deviance literature. Next, we present the importance of climate and culture with both destructive and constructive deviance by proposing relationship among them with the help of a framework. The presented theoretical framework can be useful for conducting future empirical research. Finally, we present the conclusion and future research in conducting cross-national research with respect to deviance.

scholarly journals PIETRO VERRI ET JEAN-BAPTISTE SAY: VALEUR, MONNAIE ET LOI DES DÉBOUCHÉS

2011 ◽  
pp. 39-67
Author(s):  
André Tiran
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Adam Smith ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Central Importance ◽  
The Real ◽  
Insufficient Attention ◽  
Good Writer ◽  
Production And Consumption ◽  
The Law ◽  
Creation Of Matter

Pietro Verri and Jean-Baptiste Say: value, money and the law of markets. The aim of this essay is to determine what influence Verri may have had on Jean- Baptiste Say. Should we limit Verri’s influence to what Say himself acknowledges in a footnote of the Traité concerning the value of goods, or should we recognize for Verri another and more fundamental role in the formation of Say’s general theoretical framework? If this question has not been raised so far, this may be due to the insufficient attention so far paid in France, but also elsewhere, to the Italian economists of the eighteenth century, except for authors such as Beccaria and Galiani. As we shall see in this essay, Jean-Baptiste Say takes up, against Adam Smith, Verri’s conception of utilityvalue, while against the Physiocrats (and also against what remains Physiocratic in Smith) Say maintains that production is a transformation, not a creation, of matter. At the same time, Say derives from Smith the central importance assigned to the production and exchange of values for values, and the opposition against system builders. In the eyes of Jean-Baptiste Say, Pietro Verri is the most important eighteenth century economist before Adam Smith. In the Discours préliminaire to the 5th edition of the Traité (1826), Say strongly emphasizes the importance of Italian economists. As he writes there: “Count Verri, compatriot and friend of Beccaria, and both a good writer and a great administrator, in his Meditazioni sull’economia politica, published in 1771, approached more than anyone else before Smith the real laws that govern the production and consumption of wealth”.

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