Sivas İlinde Buğday Üretiminde Karşılaşılan Bitki Koruma Sorunlarının Belirlenmesi

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (sp1) ◽  
pp. 208-214
Author(s):  
Mustafa Belen ◽  
Dürdane Yanar ◽  
Gülistan Erdal
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Pollution ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Natural Enemies ◽  
Chemical Control ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Plant Diseases ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Almost All

Objective of this study is to determine plant protection problems which wheat growers encountered and their knowledge on plant protection in Sivas province. This study is carried out in the Central, Hafik, Ulas and Yıldızeli districts of Sivas province with 220 farmers. The problems which related to plant diseases, pests and weeds in wheat growers faced were also determined. Almost all farmers (99.09%) apply chemical control. Farmers decides the pesticide applications in their wheat growing areas according to own experience (84.09%), manufacturers recommendations (24.09%), the advice of agricultural experts (17.27%) and the advice of neighbours and friends (9.55%). Farmers mostly have been applying pesticides based on their own experiences. In recent years, pesticides are being used widely against diseases, pests and weeds. Some times over dose application of pesticides by farmers in judiciously resulted in environmental pollution, health problems. Also the natural enemies will be affected. Furthermore, in weed control farmers use herbicides against broad leaved weeds. It was determined that the farmers do not have knowledge about narrow leaved weeds and herbicides use against these weed species is limited. According to the results of this survey, it will be beneficial to provide training on plant protection to wheat producers in the region.

scholarly journals Results of the weed control in onion (Allium Cepa L.) field

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
O. Ariunaa ◽  
T. Erdenenzorig ◽  
B. Dondov
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Seed Production ◽  
Experimental Research ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Crop Damage ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Domestic Production ◽  
Allium Cepa L ◽  
Production Demand

Our country has provided about 52% of vegetables from domestic production, the rest part imported others from outside. Thus, imports of potatoes and vegetables have been reduced last year, for this reason, main vegetable seeds, were produced domestically and provided over 80 percent of the country’s demand. In the future domestic production demand of vegetable goal set working to provide by 100 percent from government our country in this connection issues urgent need to solve sowing seeds, variety supply, seed production, and plant protection. According to our research, during the growing season, 150-350 weeds growing per 1m2 of rounded onions shows that the amount of crop damage is relatively high. For the purpose of control against weeds in the onion field with 3 repetitions of 7 variants of 2 types of herbicides are conducted experimental research. These include; pre-emergent Estamp (Stomp) herbicide applied in doses 2.5; 3.5 l/ha that controls all types of weeds, but showed results of 65.2-72.4%. The growing season during a selective post-emergent of Gaur herbicide in doses 0.7; 0.9l/ ha used against broadleaf and grassy weeds that became clear of weed species density reduced by 92.7-93.4%. It was tested in this study Pendimethalin, 33% + Oxyfluorfen 24 % mixture herbicides have reduced the number of weeds by 92.4-94.1%.

scholarly journals Application of oxyfluorfen and pendimethalin to control weeds on soybean plantation

2022 ◽  
Vol 951 (1) ◽  
pp. 012066
Author(s):  
H Hasanuddin ◽  
G Erida ◽  
S Hafsah ◽  
A Marliah ◽  
Y Agustiawan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Crop Yield ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Chemical Control ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Significant Loss ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Weed Population ◽  
Different Types

Abstract The appearance of weeds on crops has led to the significant loss of crop yield. Therefore, chemical control with herbicides has been an important tool for rapid and efficient weed management in crops. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of herbicides oxyfluorfen and pendimethalin against weeds on soybean plantation. This research employed Randomized Completely Block Design (RCBD) Factorial with 2 factors. The first factor was the type of herbicides: oxyfluorfen and pendimethalin. The second factor was herbicide doses: 0, 500, 1000, 1500 and 2000 g a.i ha-1, applied on soybean at 1 day after planting (DAP). The percentage of weed control, percentage of weed coverage, weed species, weed population, and weed dry weight were observed at 3, 5, 7 and 9 weeks after planting (WAP). The results revealed that different types and doses of herbicide applied has affected the percentage of weed control, percentage of weed coverage weed species and weed dry weight.

Allelochemicals from Plants as Herbicides

1988 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 510-518 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan R. Putnam
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Higher Plants ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Plant Residues ◽  
Perennial Species ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Plant Densities ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Chemical Groups ◽  
Toxic Plant

Allelochemicals representing numerous chemical groups have been isolated from over 30 families of terrestrial and aquatic plants. Some of the compounds also have been isolated from soil in quantities sufficient to reduce plant growth. Although selected allelochemicals are believed to influence plant densities and distributions, none isolated from higher plants have been considered active enough for development as commercial herbicidal products. Almost all herbicidal allelochemicals exist in plants in nontoxic, conjugated forms. The toxic moiety may be released upon exposure to stress or upon death of the tissue. The most successful use of allelochemicals in weed control has been management of selectively toxic plant residues. For example, rye residues have controlled weeds effectively in a variety of cropping systems. Several weed species may interfere with crop growth through chemicals released from their residues. A number of noxious perennial species appear to exploit allelochemicals in their interference processes. This review focuses on the more recent chemical discoveries and how they might be exploited for weed control.

scholarly journals Selectivity of Propane Flamer as a Means of Weed Control

HortScience ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 820C-820 ◽  
Author(s):  
G.D. Leroux ◽  
J. Douheret ◽  
M. Lanouette ◽  
M. Martel
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Chenopodium Album ◽  
Amaranthus Retroflexus ◽  
Threshold Temperature ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Higher Temperature ◽  
And Control ◽  
Brassica Kaber

With growing public concern about environmental quality, farmers must turn to new plant protection alternatives that minimize the use of agrochemicals. Flaming has been practiced for several years as a means of weed control in noncropped areas (railroad, ditches, etc.), but its selectivity toward crops has yet to be defined. Experiments were conducted in the ICG-Propane laboratory at Laval Univ. to determine the temperature needed to kill weeds and the temperature that corn could tolerate. Four weed species were studied: Amaranthus retroflexus, Brassica kaber, Chenopodium album, and Setaria viridis and each species was tested at three growth stages: 0–2, 4–6, and >8 leaves. Corn tolerance was tested at four growth stages: coleoptile, 0–2, 4–6, >8 leaves. All plants were grown in the green-house and were submitted to different combinations of operation speeds and of propane pressures, giving 10 temperature intensities ranging from 110 to 390C. The response of each species was evaluated by measuring its height and dry biomass 2 weeks after treatment. The threshold temperature for corn was below 200C; above this temperature, significant corn injury occurred at all growth stages tested. The corn growth stages most tolerant to heat were coleoptile and >8 leaves. While the most sensitive was 4–6 leaves. All weeds tested were sensitive to heat at 0–2 leaf stage. Amaranthus retroflexus and Chenopodium album were controlled until six leaves with temperatures that were not harmful to corn. Weeds with more than eight leaves needed higher temperature, and control rarely reached 60%. Flaming could be a selective method of weed control if operated at a temperature of 170C. Selectivity can be increased by creating a growth differential between corn and weeds.

Some future directions for biologically based vegetation control in forestry research

1991 ◽  
Vol 67 (5) ◽  
pp. 514-519 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Jobidon
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Chemical Control ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Vegetation Control ◽  
The Past ◽  
Research Areas ◽  
Considerable Research

During the past decade, considerable research efforts have been devoted towards non-chemical weed control. Some of these efforts have been directed towards the control of forest weed species. Non-chemical control of forest vegetation encompasses many approaches and techniques and only a few of them are discussed in this paper. Three major and promising research areas are identified: (1) allelopathy, (2) microbially produced phytotoxins, and (3) bio-control. Each of these weed management strategies is briefly presented and discussed using examples from the forestry literature.

scholarly journals Relationship of contact angle of spray solution on leaf surfaces with weed control

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Renata Thaysa da Silva Santos ◽  
Jaqueline Franciosi Della Vechia ◽  
Cícero Antonio Mariano dos Santos ◽  
Dieimisson Paulo Almeida ◽  
Marcelo da Costa Ferreira
Keyword(s):  
Contact Angle ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Chemical Control ◽  
Control Experiment ◽  
Ricinus Communis ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Contact Angles ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Abaxial Surface ◽  
Design Factor

AbstractThe weeds are important in agricultural and livestock areas because these plants can cause several damages, especially in the yield. The herbicide pulverization for weed control is the most used, but the efficiency of the control can be dependent the several factors, for example, the correct chose the herbicide and the mixture or not with adjuvant. This study aimed to evaluate the contact angle of herbicide solution droplets associated with adjuvant when deposited on the leaf surface of different weed species and their relationship with chemical control. For the contact angle experiment, the design was completely randomized, with four repetitions, while for the control experiment, a randomized block design was used, both experiments were arranged in a factorial (4 × 2 + 1) design. Factor A corresponded to four spray solutions containing the herbicide no addition of adjuvants and herbicide associated with adjuvants (vegetable oil, mineral oil, and lecithin), factor B to two herbicide dosages, and additional treatment corresponded to water. The contact angle was determined in six weed species: Crotalaria incana, Lantana camara, Ipomoea grandifolia, Asclepias curassavica, Sida obtusifolia, and Ricinus communis, on the adaxial and abaxial surface of each species, and an artificial surface. For the weed control experiment was used two weed species: C. incana and L. camara. The multivariate analysis allowed the understanding of the behavior of the contact angle of the different groups on the natural and artificial surfaces, due to the formation of factors. For all plants, except for the abaxial surface of I. grandifolia and the adaxial surface of A. curassavica, the association of herbicide and adjuvants reduced contact angle on the surfaces. The chemical control resulted in an indirect relation with contact angle, where smaller contact angles of the herbicide solution resulted in a higher percentage of plant intoxication. Therefore, for this situation, it is recommended to use the herbicide aminopyralid + fluroxypir associated with lecithin.

scholarly journals Damage levels caused by Capulinia linarosae Kondo & Gullan (Hemiptera: Eriococcidae) on guava crops under two agronomic management practices in the south of lake Maracaibo, Venezuela

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean Franco Redondo-Méndez ◽  
Misael Molina-Molina
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Natural Enemies ◽  
Chemical Control ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Critical Factor ◽  
Control Methods ◽  
Chemical Methods ◽  
Lake Maracaibo ◽  
Agronomic Management ◽  
Scale Establishment

The objective of the present study was to test the hypothesis of no difference in the level of damage caused by the guava cottony scale Capulinia linarosae (Hemiptera: Eriococcidae) in two guava crops under different agronomic management practices: a crop whose management practices tend to be organic (PUA) was compared with another subjected to chemical methods (PUB). Forty plants in each farm were selected randomly to estimate damage on stems, branches, leaves, and fruits. Levels of damage were statistically different (P<0.0001) between the control methods for stems and branches, but not for leaves or fruits (P>0.05). It was concluded that the magnitude of damage is greater in the crop under chemical control and that agronomic management is a critical factor. Excess of insecticides and incorrect application of pruning causes damage to the plant’s bark and favor the insect proliferation. While the use of a sulfur-calcium broth in PUA regulates pH, favors the effect of other products and promotes the growth of green algae which cover bark crevices avoiding the cottony scale establishment. The excessive use of agrochemicals for weed control in UPB causes soil nudity and kills natural enemies, whereas in the UPA grass layer is clipped at 20 cm on the soil maintaining its moisture and creating habitat favorable to natural enemies.

scholarly journals New data and a checklist of Dryinidae (Hymenoptera) from Poland, and their role in controlling leafhopper and planthopper crop pests (Hemiptera: Cicadomorpha, Fulgoromorpha)

2018 ◽  
Vol 87 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomasz Klejdysz ◽  
Zdzisław Klukowski ◽  
Grzegorz Pruszyński ◽  
Wojciech Kubasik
Keyword(s):  
Natural Enemies ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Plant Diseases ◽  
Cultivated Plants ◽  
Chemical Methods ◽  
Crop Pests ◽  
Large Group ◽  
Plant Damage ◽  
The Family ◽  
Preliminary Research

Abstract Leafhoppers and planthoppers are a large group of insects (almost 600 species in Poland) with more than 50 species living and developing on cultivated plants in Poland. They cause plant damage by sucking sap and transmitting pathogens which cause plant diseases. In integrated plant protection, non-chemical methods such as natural enemies of pests should be used for preference. This paper gives the results of preliminary research on wasps of the family Dryinidae parasitizing leafhoppers and planthoppers that are crop pests in Poland. Parasitoids were obtained by rearing larvae and catching adults in fields. Data on 11 species of Dryinidae were obtained from Poland: three of them were not previously known from this country. A checklist of Dryinidae species known from Poland is given: it shows the species of Dryinidae parasitizing leafhoppers and planthoppers living on crops, and their role in reducing populations of these pests..

Weed Management in Small Grains Harvested for Grain

EDIS ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jason Ferrell ◽  
Gregory MacDonald ◽  
Pratap Devkota
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Chemical Control ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Good Management ◽  
Small Grains ◽  
Crop Competition

Successful weed control in small grains involves using good management practices in all phases of production. In Florida, winter weeds compete with small grains for moisture, nutrients, and light, with the greatest amount of competition occurring during the first six to eight weeks after planting. Weeds also cause harvest problems the following spring when the small grain is mature. This 4-page publication discusses crop competition, knowing your weeds, and chemical control. Written by J. A. Ferrell, G. E. MacDonald, and P. Devkota, and published by the UF/IFAS Agronomy Department, revised May 2020.

RESULTS OF RESEARCH OF MODERN TECHNOLOGIES OF WEED CONTROL IN INDUSTRIAL CROPS OF CORN FOR GRAIN

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
O.N. Negreba ◽  
◽  
E.V. Bondarenko ◽  
M.A. Belik ◽  
T.A. Yurina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Chemical Treatment ◽  
Mechanical Treatment ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Protection System ◽  
Plant Protection System ◽  
Modern Technologies ◽  
Basic Version

The article presents the results of research on modern technologies for weed control in production crops of corn for grain. The best results were obtained in the basic version of technology No. 5 with the following plant protection system: mechanical treatment of crops (cross-row harrowing and three row-to-row cultivation) in combination with chemical treatment with the herbicide Mаister-150 g/ha.

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