A Study of the Association between Epistaxis and the Severity of Hypertension

1998 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 269-272 ◽  
Author(s):  
José F. Lubianca-Neto ◽  
Markus Bredemeier ◽  
Eduardo F. Carvalhal ◽  
Cristina A. Arruda ◽  
Eduardo Estrella ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Previous History ◽  
Severe Form ◽  
Hypertensive Patients ◽  
Average Blood Pressure ◽  
History Of

Hypertension (HTN) has frequently been cited as a general risk factor for epistaxis. However, studies dealing with this association have yielded equivocal results. In this study, a sample of 121 hypertensives (blood pressure ≥ 140/90 mmHg) was selected to evaluate the association between the severity of HTN and a previous history of epistaxis. Patients with an average blood pressure ≥ 160/100 mmHg were classified as suffering from a more severe form of HTN and were compared with those with a less severe form of the disease (160/100 mm Hg ≤ blood pressure ≥ 140/90 mm Hg). The frequency of epistaxis did not differ among patients categorized by the severity of HTN. Users of aspirin were found to be twice as likely to have a history of epistaxis. In addition, there was a statistical tendency for an association between a history of epistaxis and the duration of hypertension. We conclude that the severity of HTN and a history of epistaxis were not associated in a cohort of hypertensive patients. The identification of other risk factors for epistaxis, including the duration of HTN, deserves further study.

Awareness of Risk factor and Warning symptoms of Stroke among patients with hypertension at Tertiary care hospital of South India

2021 ◽  
pp. 5769-5774
Author(s):  
K. Sathiya ◽  
P. Vijayasamudeeswari ◽  
R. Poongodi
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
High Blood Pressure ◽  
Good Knowledge ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Poor Knowledge ◽  
Hypertensive Patients ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

Introduction: High blood pressure, also termed as hypertension is a condition that afflicts almost 1 billion people worldwide and is a leading cause of mortality and morbidity. Therefore, this disease is often referred as a “Silent Killer.” In most of the instances, this disease remains asymptomatic until severe to express as one of the following outcomes: stroke, myocardial infarction, renal dysfunction, visual problems and others. Thus, hypertension is affirmed as the major risk factor for stroke, coronary artery disease and myocardial infarction. High blood pressure is one of the most common causes of stroke as it strains blood vessel walls causing them to thicken and deteriorate. Aim: To Assess the awareness of risk factors, symptoms of stroke among hypertensive patients and associate the awareness of risk factors and symptoms stroke with selected variables. Methods: a non-experimental descriptive research design was used in this study. the study was conducted among 300 samples of all the hypertensive patients admitted in Sri Ramachandra hospital and the patients who come for OPD during the study period. Purposive sampling technique is used for the study. The instrument used for this study has 3 components demographic data, self structured questionnaire on risk factors of stroke and self structured questionnaire on symptoms of stroke. Data were collected and analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Findings: With related symptoms severity reveals that majority of the sample 220(73.3%) had poor knowledge and 58(19.3%) had moderate knowledge and 4(1.3%) had good knowledge risk factors Reveals that majority of the sample 156 (52.0%) had poor knowledge and 109(36.3%) had poor knowledge 109 (36.3%) had moderate knowledge and 10(3.3%) had good knowledge. The mean and standard deviation of awareness of risk factors and symptoms of stroke among patient with hypertension was and there was no significant association between any patient with hypertension and selected demographic variables. Conclusion: The study concluded that majority of the samples had poor knowledge on risk factors and symptoms of stoke among hypertensive patients. Here the health care team members need create awareness among public in order reduce the morbidity and mortality rate of stroke.

Cardiovascular risk profile of young hypertensive patients: the OPENJOVEN study

2011 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 534-540 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nieves Martell-Claros ◽  
Alberto Galgo-Nafria
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Primary Care ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
High Blood Pressure ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factor ◽  
European Society ◽  
Hypertensive Patients ◽  
Cardiovascular Profile

Background: Knowledge of the hypertensive patient’s characteristics is an important aspect to improve its clinical handling. Because of the burden that the patients of advanced age suppose in primary care, few data exist about the youngest patient's cardiovascular profile. Objective: To describe the cardiovascular profile of the young hypertensive patient (<55 years) in primary care in Spain. Design and methods: Cross-sectional multicentre study that was carried out in centres of primary care of the whole Spanish territory. At total of 2108 doctors participated and 6815 patients diagnosed with high blood pressure were included. We used a survey of risk factors, subclinical organ damage, and cardiovascular or renal established disease according to the European Society of Hypertension and the European Society of Cardiology 2007 guidelines to evaluate the cardiovascular risk. Results: Of the hypertensive patients, 5.8% did have not another cardiovascular risk factor (CVRF), 23.2% had one risk factor associated with high blood pressure, 32.8% two, 24.7% three, 11.3% four, and 2.3% had five risk factors. The most prevalent cardiovascular risk factor was dyslipidaemia, found in 80.4% (37.9% with treatment), followed by abdominal obesity, in 45.9% of the hypertensive patients. The prevalence of metabolic syndrome was 44.4%. The cardiovascular risk was average in 0.2% of the sample, low in 5%, moderate in 26.1%, high in 47.3%, and very high in 21.4%. Conclusions: Our study demonstrates that newly diagnosed young hypertensive patients have an intense association of CVRF and a high cardiovascular risk.

scholarly journals Seroprevalence and risk factors of Leptospira serovar Pomona and Leptospira serovar Hardjo infection in dairy cows in Jordan

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (06) ◽  
pp. 473-479 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zuhair B Ismail ◽  
Sameeh M Abutarbush ◽  
Ahmad M Al-Majali ◽  
Mohammad H Gharaibeh ◽  
Batoul Al-Khateeb
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Previous History ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Intensive Management ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Validated Questionnaire ◽  
History Of ◽  
Leptospira Serovars

Introduction: This study was carried out to determine the seroprevalence and risk factors associated with Leptospira serovars Pomona and Hardjo infection in dairy cows. Methodology: Seroprevalence was determined using ELISA using 160 healthy and 80 recently aborted cows. Risk factor assessment was carried out using a pre-validated questionnaire. Results: The true farm seroprevalence of Leptospira serovars Pomona and Hardjo was 92.3% (95% CI: 66%-98%). In healthy cows, the true and apparent cow seroprevalence of Leptospira serovars Pomona and Hardjo were 26.9 (95% CI: 20–34%), 26.25% (95% CI: 20–33%) and 28.75% (95% CI: 22–36%) and 27.5% (95% CI: 21–35%), respectively. Semi-intensive management system (OR = 11.43; P < 0.01), surface water as a source of drinking water (OR = 1.21; P < 0.03), lack of special wear for visitors (OR = 1.39; P < 0.05), and previous history of abortion (OR = 1.02; P < 0.05) were associated with high rate of seropositivity against Leptospira serovars Pomona and Hardjo. In recently aborted cows, the true and apparent seroprevalence rates of Leptospira serovars Pomona and Hardjo were 53.25% (95% CI: 47.5–62%), 53.75% (95% CI: 48.5–63.2%) and 56% (95% CI: 49–61%), 56.25% (95% CI: 49.8–61.2%), respectively. Conclusions: Leptospirosis is an endemic disease in Jordan and further studies are required to effectively control the disease in dairy cows.

scholarly journals Effect of tofogliflozin on arterial stiffness in patients with type 2 diabetes: prespecified sub-analysis of the prospective, randomized, open-label, parallel-group comparative UTOPIA trial

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Naoto Katakami ◽  
◽  
Tomoya Mita ◽  
Hidenori Yoshii ◽  
Toshihiko Shiraiwa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Conventional Treatment ◽  
Mixed Effects ◽  
Mixed Effects Models ◽  
Open Label ◽  
Parallel Group ◽  
History Of

Abstract Background Tofogliflozin, an SGLT2 inhibitor, is associated with favorable metabolic effects, including improved glycemic control and serum lipid profile and decreased body weight, visceral adipose tissue, and blood pressure (BP). This study evaluated the effects of tofogliflozin on the brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) without a history of apparent cardiovascular disease. Methods The using tofogliflozin for possible better intervention against atherosclerosis for type 2 diabetes patients (UTOPIA) trial is a prospective, randomized, open-label, multicenter, parallel-group, comparative study. As one of the prespecified secondary outcomes, changes in baPWV over 104 weeks were evaluated in 154 individuals (80 in the tofogliflozin group and 74 in the conventional treatment group) who completed baPWV measurement at baseline. Results In a mixed-effects model, the progression in the right, left, and mean baPWV over 104 weeks was significantly attenuated with tofogliflozin compared to that with conventional treatment (– 109.3 [– 184.3, – 34.3] (mean change [95% CI] cm/s, p = 0.005; – 98.3 [– 172.6, – 24.1] cm/s, p = 0.010; – 104.7 [– 177.0, – 32.4] cm/s, p = 0.005, respectively). Similar findings were obtained even after adjusting the mixed-effects models for traditional cardiovascular risk factors, including body mass index (BMI), glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol, triglyceride, systolic blood pressure (SBP), hypertension, smoking, and/or administration of drugs, including hypoglycemic agents, antihypertensive agents, statins, and anti-platelets, at baseline. The findings of the analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) models, which included the treatment group, baseline baPWV, and traditional cardiovascular risk factors, resembled those generated by the mixed-effects models. Conclusions Tofogliflozin significantly inhibited the increased baPWV in patients with T2DM without a history of apparent cardiovascular disease, suggesting that tofogliflozin suppressed the progression of arterial stiffness. Trial Registration UMIN000017607. Registered 18 May 2015. (https://www.umin.ac.jp/icdr/index.html)

Visit-to-visit blood pressure variability in patients with type 2 diabetes with and without previous history of cardiovascular disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (9) ◽  
pp. 1737-1744
Author(s):  
Maria Grazia Radaelli ◽  
Stefano Ciardullo ◽  
Silvia Perra ◽  
Rosa Cannistraci ◽  
Eleonora Bianconi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Blood Pressure Variability ◽  
Previous History ◽  
History Of

scholarly journals The impact of obesity on cardiovascular disease risk factor

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arun Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Sodium Intake ◽  
Action Plan ◽  
Saturated Fat ◽  
The World

Obesity has emerged as the most potential cardiovascular risk factor and has raised concern among public and their health related issues not only in developed but also in developing countries. The Worldwide obesity occurrence has almost has gone three times since 1975. Research suggests there are about 775 million obese people in the World including adult, children, and adolescents. Nearly 50% of the children who are obese and overweight in Asia in are below 5 years. There is a steep incline of childhood obesity when compared to 1971 which is not only in developed countries but also in developing countries. A considerable amount of weight gain occurs during the transition phase from adolescence to young adulthood. It is also suggested that those adultswho were obese in childhood also remained obese in their adulthood with a higher metabolic risk than those who became obese in their adulthood. In India, the urban Indian female in the age group of 30-45 years have emerged as an 〝at risk population” for cardiovascular diseases. To understand how obesity can influence cardiovascular function, it becomes immense important to understand the changes which can take place in adipose tissue due to obesity. There are two proposed concepts explaining the inflammatory status of macrophage. The predominant cause of insulin resistance is obesity. Epidemiological and research studies have indicated that the pathogenesis of obesity-related metabolic dysfunction involves the development of a systemic, low-grade inflammatory state. It is becoming clear that targeting the pro-inflammatory pathwaymay provide a novel therapeutic approach to prevent insulin resistance, particularly in obesity inducedinsulin resistance. Some cost effective interventions that are feasible by all and can be implemented even in low-resource settings includes - population-wide and individual, which are recommended to be used in combination to reduce the greatest cardiovascular disease burden. The sixth target in the Global NCD action plan is to reduce the prevalence of hypertension by 25%. Reducing the incidence of hypertension by implementing population-wide policies to educe behavioral risk factors. Reducing cigarette smoking, body weight, blood pressure, blood cholesterol, and blood glucose all have a beneficial impact on major biological cardiovascular risk factors. A variety of lifestyle modifications have been shown, in clinical trials, to lower bloodpressure, includes weight loss, physical activity, moderation of alcohol intake, increased fresh fruit and vegetables and reduced saturated fat in the diet, reduction of dietary sodium intake, andincreased potassium intake. Also, trials of reduction of saturated fat and its partial replacement by unsaturated fats have improved dyslipidaemia and lowered risk of cardiovascular events. This initiative driven by the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, State Governments, Indian Council of Medical Research and the World Health Organization are remarkable. The Government of India has adopted a national action plan for the prevention and control of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) with specific targets to be achieved by 2025, including a 25% reduction inoverall mortality from cardiovascular diseases, a 25% relative reduction in the prevalence of raised blood pressure and a 30% reduction in salt/sodium intake. In a nutshell increased BMI values can predict the nature of obesity and its aftermaths in terms inflammation and other disease associated with obesity. It’s high time; we must realize it and keep an eye on health status in order to live long and healthy life.

scholarly journals Analysis of Sociodemographic and Clinical Factors Associated with Hospitalized Stroke Patients of Bangladesh

1970 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
AM Hossain ◽  
NU Ahmed ◽  
M Rahman ◽  
MR Islam ◽  
G Sadhya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Ischaemic Heart Disease ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Heart Diseases ◽  
Previous History ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
History Of

A hospital based cross sectional study was carried out to analyze prevalence of risk factors for stroke in hospitalized patient in a medical college hospital. 100 patients were chosen using purposive sampling technique. Highest incidence of stroke was between the 6th and 7th decade. Patients came from both urban (54%) and rural (46%) areas and most of them belong to the low-income group (47%). In occupational category; service holder (28%) and retired person (21%) were the highest groups. Most of the study subjects were literate (63%). CT scan study revealed that the incidence of ischaemic stroke was 61% and haemorrhagic stroke 39%. Analysis indicated hypertension as major risk factor for stroke (63%) and major portion of the patients (42.85%) were on irregular or no treatment. Twenty four percent of the patients had heart diseases and out of 24 patients 45.83% were suffering from ischaemic heart disease. The present study detected diabetes in 21% patients. Fifty three percent of the study subjects were smoker, 39% patients had habit of betelnut chewing. Out of 26 female patients, only 23% had history of using oral contraceptives. Majority of the patients were sedentary workers (46%). Thirty seven percent of the stroke patients were obese. Among the stroke patients 9% had previous history of stroke and 3% had TIA respectively. Most of the patients (21%) were awake while they suffered from stroke and the time of occurrence was mostly in the afternoon (46%). This study found that hypertension, cigarette smoking, ischaemic heart disease and diabetes mellitus are the major risk factors prevalent in our community while other risk factors demand further study. Key words: stroke; risk factors; hospitalized patients; Bangladesh. DOI: 10.3329/fmcj.v6i1.7405 Faridpur Med. Coll. J. 2011;6(1): 19-23

scholarly journals Prevalence and Predictors of Undiagnosed Hypertension in an Apparently Healthy Western Indian Population

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anand N. Shukla ◽  
Tarun Madan ◽  
Bhavesh M. Thakkar ◽  
Meena M. Parmar ◽  
Komal H. Shah
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Indian Population ◽  
Total Population ◽  
Undiagnosed Hypertension ◽  
History Of ◽  
Major Illness ◽  
Apparently Healthy

This epidemiological study was designed to evaluate the prevalence of undetected hypertension in an apparently healthy western Indian population having no history of major illness. 3629 individuals of ≥18 years of age were included in the study. Hypertension (HTN) was defined as systolic blood pressure (SBP) ≥ 140 mmHg or diastolic blood pressure (DBP) ≥ 90 mmHg and prehypertension (PHTN) as SBP ≥ 120–139 mmHg or DBP ≥ 80–89 mmHg, but without HTN. The prevalence of undiagnosed HTN in the total population was 26% and was 11% and 40% in the young (≤40-year) and old (>40-year) populations, respectively. The prevalence of PHTN, 40% in the overall population, was nearly the same in the young (39%) and the old population (42%). The risk factor most strongly associated with PHTN and HTN was obesity, showing the highest odds ratio in the overall (PHTN 2.14; 95% CI 1.20–3.81; HTN 2.72; 95% CI 1.53–4.85), the young (PHTN 2.29; 95% CI 1.25–4.21; HTN 2.92; 95% CI 1.59–5.35), and the old (PHTN 1.13; 95% CI 0.65–1.96; HTN 1.38; 95% CI 0.79–2.4) populations. Hypertension is a major risk factor for cardiovascular diseases which must not be ignored, especially in the western Indian population.

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