Medical and hygienic assessment of influence of nitrates from decentralized water sources on cardiovascular and circulation systems morbidity

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 61-67
Author(s):  
U.B. Lototska-Dudyk ◽  
◽  
l.B. Lototska ◽  
O.M. Stanko ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Health Hazard ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Circulatory System ◽  
Nitrate Pollution ◽  
Water Sources ◽  
Nitrate Contamination ◽  
Nitrate Content ◽  
Circulation System

Aim. To analyze the levels of nitrate pollution of decentralized water supply sources in the settlements of Lviv region, and to investigate their influence on the formation of morbidity of the cardiovascular and circulation system among the adult population of the region. Materials and Methods. The study was conducted according to the results of monitoring the nitrate content (mg / dm3) in the decentralized water supply sources for the period of 2012-2018 and the morbidity of the cardiovascular and circulation system of the adult population of 20 districts of Lviv region during 2012-2016. The assessment of health hazards for the adult population of Lviv region from consumption of nitrate-contaminated drinking water was carried out in accordance with the risk assessment methodology based on the calculated hazard coefficients (HQ). The results were processed by traditional methods of variation statistics using licensed computer programs Microsoft Excel and Statistica 10.0. Results and Discussion. The laboratory survey covered 2212 (2012) - 2468 (2018) sources of decentralized water supply in Lviv region. There is a clear tendency of increase in the level of nitrate contamination of the drinking water. Excessive nitrate content was found in 18.6-21.7% of individual sources, 9.9-10.5% of public wells and 12.6-13.3% of public captures. The highest concentrations and the highest percentage of excesses were registered in Mykolaiv, Zhovkva, Zolochiv, and Pustomyty districts, and the smallest of excess nitrates was recorded in Turka, Sambir and Staro-Sambir districts. The average excess nitrate content in the most polluted areas was in the range of 3.3-8.0 MAC, which corresponds to concentrations at 165-400 mg/dm3. The highest rates of cardiovascular morbidity and circulatory system were registered in areas where the population uses mainly decentralized water sources and cases were recorded of significant excess of nitrates in drinking water. The statistical analysis found positive correlation connections between the development of ischemia (moderate, r=0.49, p<0.05), angina pectoris (average, r=0.77, p<0.05), and hypertension (severe, r=0.99, p <0.05) and nitrate content in the drinking water. The determination coefficients were 23.08%, 59.58% and 98.01%, respectively. According to the results of the regression analysis, an adequate mathematical model was constructed to predict the probable development of this pathology among the adult population of the region. An assessment of the health hazard for adults consuming drinking water contaminated with nitrates indicates a threat of increased non-infection morbidity, including that of cardiovascular and circulation system, namely an increase in the average (HQ 1-5) risk of nitrates at 1.8-5.0 MAC to high (HQ 5-10) - at their concentration of 5.9-8.0 MAC. Conclusions. The solution to the problem of reducing nitrate pollution of drinking water should be included amongthe most important issues not only in the field of environmental protection, but also the protection of public health. Improving the environment will help reduce the load on the healthcare system in terms of preventing and treating cardiovascular disease. Keywords: nitrates, drinking water, cardiovascular diseases, diseases of the circulatory system

scholarly journals NITRATE CONTENT OF DRINKING WATER AND THEIR EFFECTS ON POPULATION HEALTH

10.23856/3715 ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 37 (6) ◽  
pp. 148-156
Author(s):  
Olena Stadnichuk ◽  
Liliia Kropyvnytska ◽  
Ivan Martyniuk ◽  
Mykola Platonov ◽  
Mykola Kucher
Keyword(s):  
Water Pollution ◽  
Water Quality ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Circulatory System ◽  
Pollution Index ◽  
Nitrate Group ◽  
Nitrate Content ◽  
Nitrogen Compounds ◽  
Water Pollution Index

The problems of drinking water quality have been considered in some settlements of the Turkivskiy district of Lviv region, in particular concerning the content of Nitrogen compounds. 20 sources of decentralized water supply were investigated. It was found that the main hydrochemical indicators of water samples mainly met the requirements for the degree of contamination of hygienic classification of water bodies. At the same time, analyzing the samples for the presence of nitrogen compounds, it was found that in the tested samples: the content of nitrate ions fluctuated within 0,02 - 016 mg/dm3 (average annual values did not exceed the permissible value); the content of ammonium ions is in the range of 0.5-2.8 mg/dm3, which did not significantly exceed the maximum permissible value. At the time, analysis for NO3- showed an excess of acceptable values in almost all samples by 1.3 у 4.2 times. It was found that the amount of nitrates decreased with the transition from the alluvial aquifers to the indigenous ones, where the average content was 108.9 mg/dm3 and 86.8 mg/dm3, respectively. This is probably due to better protection of the bedrock from surface contamination, greater capacity of the corresponding aquifers and their deeper occurrence. According to the average value of the water pollution index for the nitrate group, the studied objects of decentralized water supply belong to the second class ‒ moderately contaminated. The correlation between the water pollution index by nitrate group and the population morbidity is calculated to be direct and sufficiently high (0.73). The most associated indicators of water quality are diseases of the circulatory system, blood and hematopoietic organs, digestive organs, endocrine and urogenital systems.

Assessment of peroral intake of nitrates with drinking water for different sections of the population of Zhytomyr region

2021 ◽  
pp. 68-76
Author(s):  
R.A. Valerko ◽  
◽  
L.O. Herasymchuk ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Rural Population ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Nitrate Content ◽  
Adult Women ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
The Impact

Objective: We assessed the degree of risk to the health of the rural population of different ages with constant peroral intake of nitrates with drinking water. Materials and methods: The study was conducted within the rural residential areas of Zhytomyr region and it is a part of the research "Ecological and social assessment of the state of rural residential areas in the context of sustainable development." Drinking water samples were taken from public and private sources of decentralized water supply: wells, bore-wells and natural sources. A total 549 water samples were taken. In the study, we used general scientific methods: analytical, field, laboratory and statistical ones. Results: Among the studied areas, the largest excess of the average content of nitrates was recorded in drinking water of rural settlements of Berdychiv district. The risk assessment showed that the children aged 0-10 years were the most sensitive population to nitrates, and the women were more vulnerable to nitrates than the men among the adult population. The significant correlations between an excess of nitrate content in drinking water and cancer among adults and children in Berdychiv district have been proven. Conclusions: It has been proven that with a constant oral intake of nitrates with drinking water, harmful effects on the health of the rural population are observed, which, according to their sensitivity to their action, were distributed as follows: children 0-10 years old> adult women> adult men> adolescents.Taking into account the results obtained, it is necessary to monitor constantly the quality of drinking water sources of decentralized water supply in rural areas and to inform the rural population about water quality and the impact of its impurities on human health.

scholarly journals Water supply network with zonation system in Golo Wua dan Golo Watu Village, Manggarai District

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Teguh Taruna Utama
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Distribution Network ◽  
Water Sources ◽  
Pipe Diameter ◽  
Water Supply Network ◽  
Minimum Pressure ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
Pressure Resistance ◽  
The Right

Drinking water sources in Manggarai Regency are mostly supplied from springs. Golo Wua and Golo Watu are two villages in Manggarai Regency that utilize springs. About 12.06 liters/second of drinking water are needed by residants in those villages. This study addresses to forecast the demand of drinking water. This study found that pressure values in manual calculations range from 1.85 meters to 84.22 meters. The minimum pressure requirements from BPP-SPAM is 7 meters (0.7 bar). While the simulation results using the EPANET program, the pressure value is at 1.90 meters up to 84.22 meters. Therefore, the pipe diameter selection is appropriate and the pressure meets the requirements of the BPP-SPAM. Difference between pressure values less than 5% indicates that the selection is the right pipe diameter. Choosing the right pipe diameter will optimize the distribution network in the villages of Golo Wua and Golo Watu. The selected pipe is HDPE type. Selected pipe diameter 1½"; 2"; 2½”; 3"; 4 and 5". The pipe has a pressure resistance of up to 125 meters.

scholarly journals RISK ASSESSMENT OF CHILDREN’S HEALTH DUE TO THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF DRINKING WATER SOURCES OF THE NON-CENTRALIZED WATER SUPPLY OF THE CITY OF EKATERINBURG

2019 ◽  
Vol 98 (9) ◽  
pp. 997-1003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lidia G. Konshina
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Oral Route ◽  
Carcinogenic Risk ◽  
Water Sources ◽  
The Body ◽  
Arsenic Compounds ◽  
Traditional Assessment ◽  
The City

Introduction. In recent years, the risk assessment methodology has become the leading tool for assessing the health of various groups of the population, allowing identifying priority negative environmental factors. Material and methods. There were explored 212 wells, including 150 in collective gardens and 62 in cottage settlements. The priority oral route of chemical intake into the body was studied. Results. Nitrates and arsenic compounds create the main non-carcinogenic risk in the sources of non-centralized water supply in the territory of the Municipal Settlement of the city of ekaterinburg. When using water from wells in cottage settlements levels of non-carcinogenic risks are significantly lower than non-carcinogenic risks in horticultural partnerships. Acceptable level of non-carcinogenic risk for children under 6 years are related with 17.4% of water sources in collective gardens and 25% of wells in cottage settlements; for adults - 60.8% and 93.8% respectively. The detected nitrate concentrations in individual wells of horticultural associations can create a high non-carcinogenic risk. The total individual lifetime carcinogenic risk, both in the water of collective gardens and in the water wells of cottage settlements ranges from 10-5 to 10-4 and, therefore, is at a low level, the greatest contribution is made by arsenic compounds. Discussion. In contrast to the earlier traditional assessment of drinking water quality, when the main substances for which the discrepancy was found to hygienic standards were manganese, nitrates, iron and silicon, in the assessment of water danger using the methodology of risk assessment, nitrates and arsenic come to the first place, with a much smaller role of manganese. The calculation of carcinogenic risks using age correction factors (ADAF) has increased the risk values calculated by the traditional method by almost 2 times. Summary Levels of non-carcinogenic risks when using water from wells in cottage settlements are significantly lower than non-carcinogenic risks in horticultural partnerships.

scholarly journals Analysis Of Raw Water Supply In Pucang Gading Housing Complex, District Of Demak To Preparation Of Water Resources And Water Resources Management

2018 ◽  
Vol 73 ◽  
pp. 03012
Author(s):  
Solikhul Abdi ◽  
Sudarno
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Water Treatment Plant ◽  
Water Source ◽  
Water Sources ◽  
Service Area ◽  
Raw Water ◽  
Housing Complex

Pucang Gading Housing Complex is an area within the Village Batursari, District of Demak with a population of 2018 as many as 44,257 inhabitants. Raw water service system Mranggen Unit is divided into 5 areas of service (service area Mranggen, Batursari I, Batursari II, Batursari III and Kebon) which utilize raw water source of water treatment plant (IPA Waru) and 8 Wells In a total discharge of 120 liter/second. The number of home connections in Pucang Gading area is currently 3,374 house connections, with a total water usage 14.25 liter/second Water discharges from clean water sources in Pucang Gading region are currently not maximally available to supply water to Pucang Gading service area. In this research will know the problems and readiness that exist by looking from the achievement of Medium Term Development Plan of Demak Regency Year 2016-2021. This research uses SWOT analysis method that is internal and external factors. The selection of raw water sources for drinking water should pay attention to aspects of quality, quantity and continuity. Demak Regency has the potential of surface water either river/ reservoir/dam. The problems and challenges of drinking water supply include issues of safe access to water supply, and regulation of groundwater utilization for the community.

scholarly journals Assessment of the chemical quality of drinking water in Cambodia

2006 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 101-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter R. Feldman ◽  
Jan-Willem Rosenboom ◽  
Mao Saray ◽  
Chea Samnang ◽  
Peng Navuth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Ground Water ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Rapid Assessment ◽  
Water Sources ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Chemical Quality ◽  
Drinking Water Sources

Most water supply programmes in Cambodia have focused on providing access to bacteriologically safe water, an approach which has led to an increasing reliance on ground water, especially in rural areas. However, there have been very few data collected on the chemical quality of the nation's drinking water sources, and few water supply programmes have the capacity to assess chemical quality. The study was designed to address this data gap by conducting a low-cost, rapid assessment of drinking water sources nationwide to determine whether there were any chemicals of concern in Cambodian water supply sources. Results of the assessment confirm that there are several parameters of health and aesthetic concern; dissolved arsenic is the most significant. Elevated arsenic levels (some exceeding 500 μg l-1) were detected in aquifers of moderate depth in several highly populated areas, confirming that further investigation of the occurrence of arsenic contamination in Cambodia is warranted. Other chemicals of health concern include nitrate, nitrite, fluoride and manganese. Additionally, many ground water sources are negatively impacted by parameters of aesthetic concern, such as iron, manganese, hardness and total dissolved solids. Elevated levels of these parameters have caused consumers to reject newly installed water supplies, often in favour of surface water sources that are bacteriologically unsafe.

Implementation of Drinking Water Supply Programs And Sanitation Community Based (PAMSIMAS) (at Blora District, Blora Regency, Central Java)

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (8) ◽  
pp. 255-262
Author(s):  
Munawar Noor ◽  
Christine Diah ◽  
Pratiwi Tedjo
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Program Implementation ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Water Sources ◽  
Raw Water ◽  
Delegation Of Authority ◽  
Central Java ◽  
Sample Technique ◽  
The Individual

This research was initiated from the Pamsimas program targets have not yet been achieved. The causes were limited water sources and raw water supply, sanitation and hygiene behavior, public awareness of the importance of healthy living behavior was low. This study was to describe and analyze the implementation of the Pamsimas program and the supporting/inhibiting factors of the Program. This study used a qualitative approach by selecting key-informants based on a purposive sample technique. The results showed that the the implementation of the Pamsimas Program in Blora Sub-district was not optimal in terms of the variables as a prerequisite for program implementation. These prerequisites tend to be rigid, making it difficult for program implementers in the field to make decisions that are not included in the standard operational procedures (SOP). On the other hand, the individual and community behavior and participatory to the program in supporting the provision of clean water to be positiveBesides that the factors of limited water sources and raw water supply, unsafe sanitation and drinking water remained unsolved. Recommendations of the conclusions of the study are the delegation of authority related to the bureaucratic structure, especially the standard operating procedures (SOP) and the absence / scarcity of raw water sources for clean watethat needs attention to program managers in the field. 

Health risks of pollutants in the surface water sources of the centralized drinking water supply in Zhengzhou, China

2012 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 253-264
Author(s):  
Qingli Cheng ◽  
Hui Wu ◽  
Wenlin Wang ◽  
Yanjü Wu ◽  
Hongli Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Health Risks ◽  
Water Sources ◽  
Drinking Water Supply
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