scholarly journals Biochemical composition, nutritional analysis and antioxidant activity of Buchanania lanzan Spreng fruits

2021 ◽  
pp. 180-187
Author(s):  
Madhuri Suryawanshi ◽  
Vilas Patil ◽  
Varsha Jadhav (Rathod)
Keyword(s):  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Antioxidant Property ◽  
Unripe Fruit ◽  
Good Source ◽  
Total Polyphenol ◽  
Nutritional Analysis ◽  
The Family ◽  
Primary Focus ◽  
Phytochemical Studies ◽  
Unripe Fruits

Buchanania lanzan Spreng belongs to the family Anacardiaceae. The primary focus of this study was to examine phytochemical, proximate, antioxidant property and GCMS evaluation of unripe and ripen fruit of B. lanzan Spreng. The phytochemical studies showed that alkaloids, phenols, flavones, saponins, coumarins, glycosides and tannins are present in both ripen and unripe fruits. The proximate evaluation confirmed that crude fat (14.5%) and protein (6.37±0.69 g/100g) is high in ripen fruit. In unripe fruit (11.3%) crude fat and protein (4.11%) is less percent. The carotenoid (5.58 ± 0.5 mg/100g) and catalase (0.226±0.074 mg/100g) activity is higher in unripe fruit. The total polyphenol (6.4±0.8 mg/100g) and peroxidase (0.362±0.017 mg/100g) content show greater activity in ripen fruit. In DPPH and FRAP highest activity showed in methanol extract of ripen and unripe fruit than the other solvent. GC-MS evaluation showed many bioactive compounds present in unripe and ripen fruit. It is concluded that nutritional and bioactive ability is high in ripen and unripe fruits of B. lanzan. The fruits of B.lanzan are a good source of nutrition and medicinally important.

Pharmacognostical and Histochemical Studies on Apakva Kadali (Unripe Banana Fruit): Musa × paradisiaca L.

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-17
Author(s):  
Kartar S Dhiman ◽  
Shantha T Ramasheshan ◽  
Prathapa R Maramreddy ◽  
Patchaimal Pitchaiah ◽  
Kishore K Ramakrishana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Oxalate ◽  
Banana Fruit ◽  
Unripe Fruit ◽  
The Family ◽  
Irritable Bowel ◽  
Loss Of Appetite ◽  
Phytochemical Studies ◽  
Layer Chromatography ◽  
Important Medicinal Plant ◽  
Unripe Fruits

ABSTRACT The unripe fruit of Musa × paradisiaca L., classically known as apakva kadali, belonging to the family Musaceae, is used as pathya in atisara (diarrhea), in grahani (irritable bowel syndrome), and agnimandya (loss of appetite). The unripe fruits are considered to be helpful in the management of diabetes mellitus. Being an important medicinal plant, the present investigation is an attempt to explore the pharmacognostical analysis and thin-layer chromatography fingerprint studies on the widely used Musa. × paradisiaca L. The studies revealed that unripe banana fruit showed the presence of small outer protrusion of papillae on the epidermis, abundant tannin-containing cells in the epicarp and mesocarp. Elongated air-spaced cells are surrounded by the parenchyma cells in the epicarp, abundant starch grains in the mesocarp portion, and acicular crystals of calcium oxalate in raphide bundles. To detect the location of various constituents of the drug, sections of unripe fruits were treated with various reagents, and studies showed the presence of phenols, protein, calcium oxalate, magnesium, starch, cellulose, calcium pectate, lignin, sulfated mucopolysaccharides, tannin, and silica contents. Phytochemical studies showed the presence of alkaloids, carbohydrates, phenols, proteins, starch, tannins, steroids, and saponins. How to cite this article Ramasheshan ST, Maramreddy PR, Pitchaiah P, Ramakrishana KK, Bharti V, Gaddam V, Tewari D, Mangal AK, Srikanth N, Dhiman KS. Pharmacognostical and Histochemical Studies on Apakva Kadali (Unripe Banana Fruit): Musa × paradisiaca L. J Drug Res Ayurvedic Sci 2017;2(1):10-17.

scholarly journals Phytochemical screening and evaluation of antimicrobial activity of Albizia ferruginea (Fabaceae) leaves extract

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 189-192
Author(s):  
A.L. Yusuf ◽  
B. Abdullahi ◽  
I. Abdulaziz
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumonia ◽  
Plant Leaves ◽  
Inhibitory Effects ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Antimicrobial Studies ◽  
Growth Inhibitory ◽  
The Family ◽  
Phytochemical Studies

Phytochemical and antimicrobial activity of methanol extract of Albizia ferruginea (Guill and Perr) which belongs to the family of Fabaceae were studied. Phytochemical studies on the plant leaves showed that they contained alkaloids, tannins, flavonoids, steroids, saponins, cardiac glycoside and carbohydrate. Methanol extract of Albizia ferruginea showed growth inhibitory effects of varying degrees on S. feacalis, S. typhi, S. paratyphi, Shigella dysentriae and Klebsiella pneumonia but was not active on Streptococcus pyogenes and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the extract was determined for the organisms whose growths were inhibited. The extract had MIC of 3.25mg/ml for S. feacalis, S. paratyphi, S. dysentriae and K. pneumoniae respectively. The antimicrobial studies of the extracts really justify the numerous folkloric uses of the plant parts in the treatment of some common ailments such as diarrhea, dysentery, fever, cough, pain and skin infections.

Comparative chemotaxonomic investigations on amaranthus hybridus l. and Amaranthus spinosus L.

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-100
Author(s):  
C. Wahua ◽  
J. Nwikiri
Keyword(s):  
Niger Delta ◽  
Vascular System ◽  
Vascular Bundles ◽  
Stomatal Index ◽  
Amaranthus Hybridus ◽  
Anatomical Studies ◽  
Amaranthus Spinosus ◽  
The Family ◽  
Phytochemical Studies ◽  
Key Words Morphology

The present study is set to investigate the comparative chemotaxonomic investigations on Amaranthus hybridus L. and Amaranthus spinosus L. which belong to the family Amaranthaceae. They are dicots pre-dominantly found in the Niger Delta Tropics, Nigeria. The species are annual erect herbs with flower inflorescences as elongated spikes which are mostly paniculate occurring at ends of branches in globose fashion in axils of leaves.The nodes often have pair of axillary spines. Flowers are small, greenish with male ones at the top while the female ones below the clusters and stem is greenish but often reddish with one-seeded capsule as fruit in Amaranthus spinosus which attains up to 80 ± 20cm in height whereas A. hybridus differ in absence of a pair of axillary spines, the stems are greenish or slightly pinkish which grows up to 100 ± 10cm in height. A. hybridus is more of a vegetable and has alternate phyllotaxi and narrow cuneate base. Fruits from both species are circumscissile capsules and their inflorescences are terminal racemes positioned at their axils with female perianth segments of five. Epidermal studies revealed amphistomatic stomata which is anisocytic  type for both species. The stomatal index for A. spinosus adaxial foliar epidermis is 20% and the abaxial 20% whereas for A. hybridus adaxial is 20% and abaxial foliar stomatal index of 20%. Anatomical studies revealed open vascular system, collenchyma dominating the hypodermis while parenchyma occupied the general cortex and pith regions. A. hybridus has more vascular bundles and trichomes, and wider pith than A. spinosus. Phytochemical studies showed the presence of tannins, saponins, alkaloids, and flavonoids are present in A. spinosus while alkaloids were absent only in A. hybridus. This may be the reason why A. spinosus is used more in tradomedicine than A.hybridus which served more as vegetable. Key Words: Morphology, Anatomy, Phytochemistry, Amaranthus, Amaranthaceae

scholarly journals Assessment of Physicochemical Quality, Antioxidant Content and Activity, and Inhibition of Cholinesterase between Unripe and Ripe Blueberry Fruit

Foods ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 690 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyesung Hwang ◽  
Young-Jun Kim ◽  
Youngjae Shin
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Total Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Unripe Fruit ◽  
Potential Health ◽  
Total Anthocyanin ◽  
Food Ingredients ◽  
Physicochemical Quality ◽  
Total Antioxidant ◽  
Unripe Fruits

Five Korean blueberries (’’Nelson’’, ’’Duke ’’, ’’Bluejay ’’, ’’Toro’’, and ’’Elliot ’’) were harvested at two maturity stages (unripe and ripe) to evaluate fruit quality and antioxidant activities. The Hunter L, a, and b color of ripe blueberries was lower than that of unripe fruit. Soluble solid concentration (SSC) and pH increased, and titratable acidity (TA) and firmness decreased as the blueberries matured. The ripe blueberry fruits showed a higher SSC/TA ratio than the unripe fruits. Although total anthocyanin, flavonoids, phenolics content, and antioxidant activity were higher in ripe blueberries than in unripe fruit, the unripe fruit had higher acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) inhibition activities than ripe fruit in all cultivars. Total antioxidant activity was highly correlated with total flavonoids and phenolics. The relationships between the total antioxidant activity and the AChE or BChE inhibitory activity are negative. There were several physicochemical quality and antioxidant activity differences in blueberries, depending on the cultivar and the maturity at harvest. Unripe fruits also contain potential health-promoting bioactive compounds as functional food ingredients.

scholarly journals Macro- and Micro-morphological, Anatomical, Cytological and Phytochemical Properties of Tridax procumbens Linn. (Asteraceae)

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 601-606
Author(s):  
C. Wuhua ◽  
I.I. Pepple
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Glycosides ◽  
Mitotic Chromosome ◽  
Careful Examination ◽  
Root Tips ◽  
Floral Structure ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Tridax Procumbens ◽  
The Family ◽  
Anomocytic Stomata ◽  
Phytochemical Studies

This study examined the macro- and micro-morphological, Anatomical, Cytological and Phytochemical Properties of Tridax procumbens L. in the family Asteraceae. Observations of plant parts aided by measurements were done and these were sectioned following Wahua’s method; root tips squashed with FLP Orcein and qualitative phytochemical analyses were carried out. The slides were viewed using the light compound microscope and photomicrographs were taken after careful examination from good preparations. Macromorphological studies showed the plant grows up to 40cm or more in height. Foliar features revealed opposite, pinnate, oblong to ovate with coarsely serrated margin and acute apex, 4±1.5cm long and 2±1cm wide with petiole up to 1.5±0.5cm in length. The floral structure show cased diameter of each flower head as 1.0±0.4cm while the peduncle is elongated and up to 10±5cm in length; the petal is 0.7±0.2cm in length alongside tubular sepals up to 0.9±0.3cm in length. The stamen is 0.9±0.2cm in length while the carpel is 1.0±0.1cm. Presence of anomocytic stomata which is amphistomatic. Anatomical sections on the mid-ribs, petiole, internodes, nodes and roots revealed peculiar internal features. Mitotic chromosome is 2n=36. Phytochemical studies revealed the presence of saponins, alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, steroids, cardiac glycosides, phenols. The information generated from this study would further aid in the delimitation of the species. Keywords: Tridax procumbens, Morphology, anatomy, cytology, palynology, phytochemistry

scholarly journals ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY IN LEAVES OF SESBANIA GRANDIFLORA (L.) PERS.

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 116
Author(s):  
Pradeesh S ◽  
Swapna T S
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Free Radicals ◽  
Vitamin E ◽  
Monodehydroascorbate Reductase ◽  
Enzymatic Antioxidants ◽  
Good Source ◽  
Sesbania Grandiflora ◽  
The Family

Objective: The main aim of this study was to evaluate the antioxidants present in Sesbania grandiflora (L.) Pers. belongs to the family Fabaceae.Methods: Fresh samples were used for the analysis of antioxidants such as total phenol, carotenoids, Vitamin-A, Vitamin-C, Vitamin-E, peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), ascorbate peroxidase, monodehydroascorbate reductase, and glutathione reductase by standard estimation methods.Results: Present studies revealed that this wild leafy plant has numerous antioxidant factors that destroying the free radicals that damage the cells.Conclusion: S. grandiflora contain many enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants and could be a good source of dietary antioxidants which play an important role in the prevention of diseases associated with oxidative stress.

Female Student Migration: A Brief Opportunity for Freedom from Religio-Philosophical Obedience

Religions ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 556
Author(s):  
Kieu Nga Nguyen ◽  
Helen Jaqueline McLaren
Keyword(s):  
International Students ◽  
Social Order ◽  
Female Student ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Nation State ◽  
Future Change ◽  
Vietnamese Women ◽  
The Family ◽  
Primary Focus ◽  
Looking Back

Vietnamese Confucian religio-philosophical ideals regulate social order in the family, community, and nation state. As a result, women’s duties to their husbands, fathers, ancestors, and Vietnam powerfully permeate all aspects of gendered life. This study of 20 Vietnamese women explored their experiences as international students in Australia. Primary focus was on how their gendered Confucian histories compelled their migratory journeys, influenced changes to their intimate partner experiences while in Australia, and the reimagining of identity, hopes and dreams on looking forward at their future returns to gendered life in Vietnam. The application of Janus Head phenomenology enabled understanding of how the women’s temporality became influenced by fascinations of future change, mixed with feelings of uncertainty and limbo that arose when forward facing hopes were thwarted by their looking back realities. There was an intense sense of unresolve as time drew closer to the end of their studies, in which the women associated feelings related to returning to Vietnam’s strict Confucian informed gender order as a “living Hell.”

Bioactive comparison of main components from unripe fruits of Rubus chingii Hu and identification of the effective component

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (7) ◽  
pp. 2205-2214 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tian-Tian Zhang ◽  
Li Yang ◽  
Jian-Guo Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Unripe Fruit ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Rubus Chingii ◽  
Main Components ◽  
Rubus Chingii Hu ◽  
Effective Component ◽  
Unripe Fruits

Dried and unripe fruit of Rubus chingii Hu, known as “Fu-pen-zi” in Chinese, has been used as a food and tonic in China for a long time.

scholarly journals Antioxidant and physicochemical properties of Chrysophyllum albidum fruit at different ripening stages

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (9) ◽  
pp. 18694-18710
Author(s):  
Fidelis Mawunyo Kpodo ◽  
◽  
DA Darko ◽  
EK Essuman ◽  
NK Kortei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
The Other ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Scavenging Activity ◽  
Ripe Fruit ◽  
Unripe Fruit ◽  
Ripening Stages ◽  
Unripe Fruits ◽  
African Star Apple

Chrysophyllum albidum (African Star Apple) fruit is an indigenous African fruit. The African Star Apple plant popularly referred to as the “alasa” tree grows widely in tropical Africa. Ripening influences biochemical processes and subsequently affects the nutritional and bioactive characteristics of the fruits. This study sampled Chrysophyllum albidum fruit of three maturity stages and determined the colour, proximate, total phenol and antioxidant characteristics of the fruits. Spectrophotometric methods were used in the determination of total antioxidant activity using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity, 2,2-azinobis,3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) and Ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP) assay. Significant differences (p<0.05) were observed in the colour of the fruit across all the ripening stages. The ripe stage of the fruit recorded the highest extent of lightness among all the other ripening stages. Both the ripe and over-ripe fruits appeared reddish in colour with the ripe fruit demonstrating a higher red intensity than the over-ripe fruit. The calculated metric chroma of the Chrysophyllum albidum fruits were in the range of 2.33-21.67 for the three ripening stages. Hue angle values recorded were in the range 46.46-92.00. Browning and colour indices for fruits of all the stages of development were of range 6.40-80.30 and -14.30-16.96, respectively. Proximate analysis of the three fruit categories showed that the unripe fruits had higher carbohydrate (69.27 %), crude protein (8.17 %), and crude fat (7.99 %) content relative to fruits which were ripe and over-ripe. The over-ripe fruit had higher crude fibre (7.36 %) and ash (3.86 %) content. Total phenolic content for the unripe fruit (20μg GAE/mg) was also higher than fruits of the other ripening stages. The antioxidant ability of the Chrysophyllum albidum fruit showed that the unripe stage recorded the highest DPPH (29.24 %) and ABTS (99.09 %) radical scavenging activity. The ferric reducing antioxidant potential of the fruit at different ripening stages was significantly different (p<0.05) with the unripe stage recording the highest potential. The unripe fruits demonstrated higher proximate and antioxidant composition than the ripe and over-ripe fruits. Extracts from the unripe fruit can serve as useful nutraceuticals in functional food formulations.

scholarly journals PHARMACOGNOSTICAL, PHYSICOCHEMICAL AND PHYTOCHEMICAL STUDIES OF PIPER LONGUM LINN. FRUITS

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-24
Author(s):  
Priyanka Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Volatile Oil ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Piper Longum ◽  
The Family ◽  
Perennial Shrub ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Phytochemical Studies

Introduction: Piper longum Linn, belonging to the family Piperaceae, is a climber, perennial shrub which is commonly found in India.  The dried fruits of Piper longum are widely used in Ayurvedic System of medicines since time unknown. It posses significant pharmacological properties due to presence of variety of chemical constituents in it. Objective: The present study is aimed to evaluate the pharmacognostical, physiochemical and phytochemical parameters for Piper longum fruits, as per the WHO guidelines for herbal drug standardization. Materials and Methods: WHO emphasized the use of standardized herbs and formulations for safety and best therapeutic results. Results and Discussion: Pharmacognostical studies shows that the fruits of Piper longum are found as green when fresh which turns grayish black upon drying. It posses pungent, bitter and acrid taste. The fruits are cylindrical with small petiole. The powder microscopy shows the presence of brown content, oleo resins, stone cells and calcium oxalate crystals. Physiochemical analysis shows variable extractive values in different solvents with maximum extractives of 20.6±0.021% in water and minimum extractive value of 6.6±0.036% in chloroform. Total Ash value of 8.3±0.015%, Acid Insoluble Ash- 1.16±0.025% and Water Soluble Ash- 5.5±0.01%, Foreign Matter- 1.62±0.12%, Moisture content of 15.70±0.051%, Bitterness value-1.96, Swelling Index-1.5±0.01 and Foaming Index- 102.33. Phytochemical analysis of the fruits of Piper longum shows the presence of alkaloids, volatile oil, tannins, fixed oils, and phenolics. Conclusion: The botanical, physical and chemical parameters obtained in this study can be used for establishing the identity and purity of the drug that will lead to safety and efficacy of the herb.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document