scholarly journals The evolution of philosophical views of R. M. Rilkein the context of his literary works of the turn of the XIX – XX centuries

2021 ◽  
pp. 25-40
Author(s):  
Marina Bakhareva
Keyword(s):  
Real World ◽  
Early Period ◽  
Rainer Maria Rilke ◽  
Literary Works ◽  
Objective World ◽  
Philosophy Of Life ◽  
The World ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Entire Universe ◽  
Cultural Code

The works of Rainer Maria Rilke, one of the most influential modernist poets of the XX century does not lose its relevance and continues to draw interest of the researchers. The goal of this work is to trace the evolution of philosophical views of R. M. Rilke in the context of his literary works of the turn of the XIX – XX centuries. The research employs hermeneutical approach for interpretation of the texts of R. M. Rilke through the prism of socio-historical conditions of that time. Systematization and generalization of the acquired data allowed assessing the formation and significance of philosophical and aesthetic views of R. M. Rilke, as well as contradictions therein. Rilke did not adhere to any philosophical systems; however, his works reflect the philosophical-worldview principles and patterns of the era, first and foremost, the symbolic aesthetics, philosophy of life, and metaphysics of art of Nietzsche. The philosophical views of R. M. Rilke in the works of his early period developed in pursuit of the unique, and in many ways, subjective attitude towards life. The conducted analysis demonstrates the process of philosophical reorientation from the subject-centered recognition of the great creator towards the objective world of things. In the lecture on Maurice Maeterlinck (1902), Rilke clearly expresses the ideas on the function of art, tasks and capabilities of an artist. After getting familiar with the work of A. Rodin, Rilke turns to the “poem-thing” genre, when the concept of thing encompasses the entire universe. The establishment of transcendental-poetic unity between the subject and the world is one of paramount philosophical ideas in the works of R. M. Rilke. The artist, objectively depicting the “thingness” of the world, is an intermediary between God and the divine spark in its interaction with the real world and man, correlates times and spaces and preserves the eternal values, which comprise the basis of the cultural code of each nation.

The Deluge

Mirror Worlds ◽  
1991 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Gelernter
Keyword(s):  
Data Processing ◽  
Real World ◽  
Data Gathering ◽  
Middle Region ◽  
Raw Data ◽  
The Real ◽  
External Data ◽  
The World ◽  
Initial Question ◽  
The Subject

we’ve installed the foundation piles and are ready to start building Mirror worlds. In this chapter we discuss (so to speak) the basement, in the next chapter we get to the attic, and the chapter after that fills in the middle region and glues the whole thing together. The basement we are about to describe is filled with lots of a certain kind of ensemble program. This kind of program, called a Trellis, makes the connection between external data and internal mirror-reality. The Trellis is, accordingly, a key player in the Mirror world cast. It’s also a good example of ensemble programming in general, and, I’ll argue, a highly significant gadget in itself. The hulking problem with which the Trellis does battle on the Mirror world’s behalf is a problem that the real world, too, will be confronting directly and in person very soon. Floods of data are pounding down all around us in torrents. How will we cope? what will we do with all this stuff? when the encroaching electronification of the world pushes the downpour rate higher by a thousand or a million times or more, what will we do then? Concretely: I’m talking about realtime data processing. The subject in this chapter is fresh data straight from the sensor. we’d like to analyze this fresh data in “realtime”—to achieve some understanding of data values as they emerge. Raw data pours into a Mirror world and gets refined by a data distillery in the basement. The processed, refined, one-hundredpercent pure stuff gets stored upstairs in the attic, where it ferments slowly into history. (In the next chapter we move upstairs.) Trellis programs are the topic here: how they are put together, how they work. But there’s an initial question that’s too important to ignore. we need to take a brief trip outside into the deluge, to establish what this stuff is and where it’s coming from. Data-gathering instruments are generally electronic. They are sensors in the field, dedicated to the non-stop, automatic gathering of measurements; or they are full-blown infomachines, waiting for people to sit down, log on and enter data by hand.

scholarly journals Mihai Eminescu – floral aesthetic codes

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 111-114
Author(s):  
Carmen Darabus
Keyword(s):  
Spiritual Life ◽  
Blue Flower ◽  
German Romanticism ◽  
Literary Works ◽  
Objective World ◽  
The Real ◽  
Real Nature ◽  
The World ◽  
The Aesthetic ◽  
Relationship Of

The aim of investigation. The floral symbol manifests intself according to the aesthetic codes of each literary era. For romantic creators the outside world begins to lose its meaning so that the real nature will be subordinated by them to the inner movements of feelings. The literary motif of the blue flower consecrated by Novalis in German romanticism is the desire to access a higher spiritual life because in romanticism literature becomes a means of knowing the world not just mirroring it, no matter how elaborate this reflection. With reverberation in Mihai Eminescu`s poetry this floral motif is originally autochthonous along with other floral aesthetic codes. The method of research. Constructive comparativism or third-degree comparativism is the method used amd is based on relationship of dependence or influence between at least two texts. Thus, there are certain myths, themes, motives that radiate from one culture to another, from one era to another, enriching their meaning according to new visions about the world and life. Conclusion. From the dawn of literature until now aesthetic codes including floral ones have been constant they being part of the mythical structure of humanity. The relation between literary works, the contacts berween national literatures and the circulation in time of ideas materialize in the taking of some forms, of some suggestions regarding the stylistic construction or the interpretation of the phenomena from the objective world.

PROBLEMATIKA IMPLEMENTASI PENILAIAN AUTENTIK PADA MATA PELAJARAN AL-QUR’AN HADIS DI MTs NEGERI GANDUSARI BLITAR

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 121-139
Author(s):  
Dita Dzata Mirrota ◽  
Desy Nailasari
Keyword(s):  
Real World ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Authentic Assessment ◽  
Assessment Process ◽  
Require Accuracy ◽  
Process Assessment ◽  
The World ◽  
Long Time ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Real World Problems

An authentic assessment is carried out comprehensively to assess the learning inputs, processes and outputs. Authentic assessment must reflect real-world problems, not the world of schools. This study aims to describe the problematics of the implementation of authentic assessment in the subject of the Qur'anic Hadith. This type of research is field research. The results of this study are the implementation of authentic assessment in the subjects of the Qur'an in Hadith in the MTsN Gandusari Blitar: the implementation of authentic assessment in the Blitar Gandsari State MTs requires improvement. Problems with authentic assessment implementation: more instruments and formats, a long time, the assessment process, assessment of attitudes that require accuracy, limited educators, inputs, and considerable costs. The solution given to the problem: conduct MGMP, workshops or guidance on authentic assessment, increase the number of educators, assess according to the provisions, certain parties who give their role, and get used to assess authentically properly and correctly.

scholarly journals Emotions, Thoughts, Words

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (2 (22)) ◽  
pp. 20-29
Author(s):  
Karine Kochunts
Keyword(s):  
Real World ◽  
Human Cognition ◽  
Objective Reality ◽  
The Real ◽  
The World ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Human Emotions

The subject of the present research is the subtle and intricate interconnection of human emotions, thoughts and words. As we know, human cognition is the ultimate form of reflecting the objective reality. Emotions reflect not the objective items and phenomena of the real world, but some subjective relationships in which these items exist. Thoughts and feelings in the model of the interaction of our consciousness with the world are the two means of its perception. Reflection has got two spheres: an intellectual and an affective, and the interaction of these two means that the rational and the emotional in the consciousness and thinking is manifested in the fact that man can emotionally experience what he/she reflects.

scholarly journals IRONY AND FANTASY

2020 ◽  
pp. 116-126
Author(s):  
D. Ajdačić
Keyword(s):  
Real World ◽  
Literary Fiction ◽  
Ontological Status ◽  
Fictional World ◽  
The Real ◽  
What Is Said ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
The World ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Relationship

The absence of a typology of irony in the theory of fiction stems from the fact that irony and fiction differently form and transform reality – fiction is a kind of fictional depiction of amazing worlds or phenomena. On the contrary, irony does not create worlds; in it, the subject comments on reality, adding another vision, a vision with a reassessment and deviation from what is said or presented. Irony can comment on the realities of different ontological status, that is, irony can relate to the real world and the fictional world, whether it is real or amazing. Fantasy transforms the world – it distorts, destroys or completes, or builds new worlds, and irony already adds a different vision to the ideas and views presented, regardless of whether they are real or fictional. The terminological and literary-theoretical aspects of the use of irony in works of literary fiction are discussed in the text. Dragan Stojanović’s book “Irony and Meaning” and the author’s terms “Ironical Focus” and “Meaning Pressure” are used as a theoretical starting point. After highlighting the touchpoints of irony and fiction and their special qualities and roles, is proposed a typology of the use of irony in fiction that separates ironic actions concerning the real world, the marvelous world and problematizing the relationship between the real and the marvelous world.

scholarly journals LOCAL WISDOM IN CLASSICAL PERSIAN TEXT

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bastian Zulyeno
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Cultural Values ◽  
Fairy Tales ◽  
Literary Work ◽  
Qualitative Approach ◽  
Literary Works ◽  
Human Power ◽  
The World ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Mind

The literary work of every nation is our window to witness the spirit of the nation. There are many ways in which various nations of the world share their taste, feelings, desires and wishes, one of them is especially through literary works. These are conveyed in theater, tragedy, comedy, and also through the medium of stories and fairy tales, as well as poetry. The Persians chose poetry as the best medium to explore the taste of their inner nature. Local wisdom, also called hereditary cultural heritage, is formed by nature and habitus in the arena of oral and written culture. Word "wisdom" implies a kind of firmness and conviction, and applies to anything solid and impenetrable, whether material or spiritual. Wisdom also is the science in which the facts of things are discussed, as they are in the soul of al-Amr as much as human power and ability. The subject of wisdom is matter of things outside and in the mind, its usefulness is the attainment of perfection in life, salvation and goodness. Knowing the local wisdom of other nations can make us feel the cultural values of the nation. This paper there are several examples of poetry and prose from Persian classical writers those contain the meaning of local wisdom. The purpose of this research is to assess and reveal the local wisdom in classical Persia literary works with qualitative approach and method obtaining data based on library methodology.

The forgotten poet Samuel Beckett

Tekstualia ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (55) ◽  
pp. 137-156
Author(s):  
Sławomir Studniarz
Keyword(s):  
Samuel Beckett ◽  
Human Condition ◽  
Inner Life ◽  
Objective World ◽  
Close Analysis ◽  
The World ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Rich ◽  
Poetic Creation ◽  
The Human Condition

The article is devoted to the poetic output of Samuel Beckett, particularly from the pre-war period. It primarily offers a close analysis of three poems: The Vulture, Alba and Dortmunder, from the fi rst printed collection of Beckett’s poetry Echo’s Bones. These texts raise the issue of the place of art and poetic creation in the world, fi lled as it is with suffering inherent to the human condition. The valorization of nighttime and music and the pain-relieving aesthetic contemplation form the major premises of Alba and Dortmunder. And The Vulture, an artistic credo of the young Beckett, defi nes the relations between macrocosm, the objective world, and microcosm, the rich inner life of the subject, vis-à-vis the tasks of poetry. Noting the striking neglect of Beckett’s poetry by the critics, the article undertakes to show that his poetic production merits attention both of scholars and of his devoted admirers.

scholarly journals CULTURAL UNIVERSALS IN THE RITUAL TRADITION OF THE TURKIC-MONGOLIAN PEOPLES: VOCABULARY AND CONTEXT

2021 ◽  
pp. 114-123
Author(s):  
Людмила Санжибоевна Дампилова ◽  
Надежда Романовна Ойноткинова
Keyword(s):  
Sacred Space ◽  
Semantic Context ◽  
Cultural Codes ◽  
Ritual Action ◽  
The World ◽  
Deep Meaning ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Cultural Code ◽  
First Time ◽  
Ritual Context

В данной статье рассматривается в семантическом контексте с обрядовым действом лексика в сибирских тюркских и монгольских языках, связанная с культом гор, земли и воды. Основными языками исследования являются алтайский, бурятский и якутский с привлечением монгольских, хакасских, тувинских параллелей. У тюрко-монгольских народов прослеживаются общие принципы организации сакрального пространства, концептуально схожие ритуальные действа в коллективном обряде, посвященном духам-хозяевам местности, присутствуют универсальные атрибуты и символы, характерные для шаманизма и буддизма. Впервые проведен сопоставительный анализ лексем, семантики и символики слов, связанных с обрядовыми действами и сопровождающий их вербальный контекст. Целью работы является выявление сохранности, распространения и трансформации культурных универсалий, имеющих вербальное выражение. Актуальным представляется исследование древнейших культурных кодов, сохранившихся в предметной и акциональной сферах обрядности. Понятие культурного кода в изучении обрядности позволит получить ключ к пониманию культурной картины мира и расшифровать глубинный смысл составных частей обряда (смыслов, знаков, символов, норм и т. д.). В итоге констатируем, что некогда существовала единая тюрко-монгольская традиция шаманизма, имевшая общую культурно знаковую систему, что подтверждается лексическим материалом и их обрядовым контекстом. Рассмотренные два основных ритуала жертвоприношения (кровавые и бескровные) доказывают как древние связи, так устойчивую универсальную последовательность и сохранность акциональных кодов в обрядовом событии монгольских и тюркских народов Сибири. Выявлено, что ключевые лексемы, используемые в предметном коде, имеют универсальную семантическую нагрузку в обрядовом событии. Лексические соответствия и схожие ритуальные предметы и действа, скорее всего, доказывают восхождение обряда к единым корням с последующими региональными и временными трансформациями. Установлено, что одинаковые атрибуты ритуала со схожим или разным лексическим обозначением являются архетипами, отражающими общие культурные коды тюркских народов Сибири и монгольских этносов. The authors consider the vocabulary of Siberian Turkic and Mongolian languages, related to the cult of mountains, land and water in a semantic context with the ritual action. The main languages of the study are Altai, Buryat and Yakut with the involvement of Mongolian, Khakas, and Tuvan parallels. In rites of Turkic-Mongolian people devoted to the host spirits of the area, the general principles of the organization of the sacred space, conceptually similar ritual actions are traced. There are universal attributes and symbols which are illustratory of shamanism and Buddhism. For the first time, a comparative analysis of lexemes, semantics and symbolism of words related to ritual actions and accompanying their verbal context was carried out. The purpose of the work is identifying the preservation, dissemination and transformation of cultural universals with verbal expression. A study of the oldest cultural codes preserved in the subject and actional spheres of rite seems relevant. The concept of a cultural code in the study of rite will provide a key to understanding the cultural picture of the world and allows deciphering the deep meaning of the components of the rite (meanings, signs, symbols, norms, etc.). As a result, we state that there was once a united Turkic-Mongolian tradition of shamanism, which had a common culturally significant system. It is confirmed by lexical material and their ritual context. The considered two main rituals of sacrifice (bloody and bloodless) prove both ancient ties and a stable universal sequence and the preservation of national codes in the ritual event of the Mongolian and Turkic peoples of Siberia. It is revealed that the key lexemes used in the subject code have a universal semantics in the ritual event. Lexical correspondences and similar ritual objects and actions most likely prove the ascension of the rite to single roots with subsequent regional and temporary transformations. It was established that the same attributes of the ritual with a similar or different lexical designation are archetypes reflecting the general cultural codes of the Turkic peoples of Siberia and Mongolian ethnic groups.

scholarly journals Black and Jewish, Female and Clergy

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara Thiede ◽  
Julia Robinson Moore
Keyword(s):  
Real World ◽  
Public University ◽  
Multiple Identities ◽  
Professional Lives ◽  
Self Disclosure ◽  
Religious Traditions ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Female Teachers ◽  
The World ◽  
The Subject

Presenting ourselves as objective and detached observers is the teaching of a former era. If we want our students to be able to understand themselves in the real world, teachers must model how to analyze the ways in which identities influence how we “read” histories, traditions, texts, and contemporary realities. Two female teachers, Black and White, Jewish and Christian, ordained clergy of their respective traditions with professional lives as academics at a public university, made self-disclosure a mindful practice and an integral part of a class exploring the ways religious narratives could empower and disempower. Using the ways Hagar is figured in varied religious traditions permitted both teachers to model an academic approach to the subject while also acknowledging how their identities affected their reading of the texts. In turn, students learned how to practice identifying the way their multiple identities impact how they read the world around them.

scholarly journals COLOR DESIGNATIONS IN THE CHUVASH AND CHINESE LANGUAGES: ON THE HISTORY OF THE STUDY

2021 ◽  
pp. 79-85
Author(s):  
Екатерина Евгеньевна Калинина
Keyword(s):  
Chinese Language ◽  
Semantic Features ◽  
Semantic Field ◽  
Close Attention ◽  
Color Category ◽  
Comparative Review ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Cultural Code

Статья посвящена вопросам изучения цветообозначений в чувашском и китайском языках. Цель работы - рассмотреть и систематизировать накопленный в изучении чувашских и китайских цветообозначений опыт. Основой для исследования послужили научные работы по данной теме. Выявлено, что сохраняется устойчивый интерес лингвистов к изучению цвета в самых различных аспектах и направлениях.Актуальность исследования определяется пристальным вниманием к изучению взаимодействия языка, культуры и этноса, где семантическое поле цветообозначения рассматривается как компонент культурного кода. В чувашском языкознании лексика цветообозначений пока не получила должного освещения. Встречаются работы фрагментарного характера, в которых затрагиваются вопросы этноспецифических особенностей символики цвета. Категория цвета в китайском языке широко исследовалась как зарубежными, так и отечественными языковедами.На основе сопоставительного обзора научных работ автор приходит к выводу, что в чувашском и китайском языках исследователи уделяют внимание изучению семантических особенностей слов-цветообозначений, их употреблению в художественных произведениях, анализу в аспекте языковой картины мира, в частности на примере фразеологических и паремиологических единиц. Предпочтение отдается сопоставительным исследованиям цветообозначений в основном с русским и английским языками. This article is devoted to the color designations in the Chuvash and Chinese languages. The purpose of the work is to consider and systematize the accumulated experience in the study of the Chuvash and Chinese color designations. The study is based on the research works devoted to the subject under consideration. It was revealed that linguists are still interested in the study of color in various aspects and focus areas .The relevance of the work is determined by a very close attention to the study of the interaction of language, culture and ethnicity, which semantic field of color designation is considered as a component of the cultural code. In Chuvash linguistics , the vocabulary of color designations has not been studied properly yet.. There are some works of a fragmentary nature, in which the issues of ethnic specific features of color symbolism are raised. However, the color category in the Chinese language has been widely studied by both foreign and domestic linguists.Based on the comparative review of scientific works, the author comes to the conclusion that in the Chuvash and Chinese languages, researchers pay attention to the study of the semantic features of words of color designations, their use in literary works, analysis in the aspect of the world linguistic picture, in particular, exemplified by phraseological and paremiological units. The preference is given to comparative studies of color designations mainly in the Russian and English languages.

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