scholarly journals Associative-verbal model of the verb haben and its synonyms in German

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 53-64
Author(s):  
N. V. Kozlova
Keyword(s):  
World View ◽  
German Language ◽  
Word Associations ◽  
Language And Culture ◽  
Depth Study ◽  
Systematic Character ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Individual ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Verbal Model

An associative experiment, widely used in recent years in psycholinguistic studies, allows for an in-depth study of the semantics of a word by considering logical relationships in associative fields. In addition, the results of such an experiment provide “access” to the speakers’ language consciousness and enable the researcher to describe its structure. At the same time, the “construction” of associative-verbal models makes it possible to understand and study the systematic character of the individual speaker’s world view and language consciousness of the speakers of a certain language and culture. All this determines the relevance of the associative-verbal models and specific lexemes analysis. The study of the speaking personality – Homo Loquens – is connected with the analysis of an individual world view explicated in language consciousness and actually existing in the form of verbal images – word associations. This article discusses the results of a free associative experiment with participation of the native German speakers (as a result of this experiment, 137 different associative reactions were received with the total number of associative reactions 305; the analysis focused on both types of responses – primary and secondary word associations). The subject matter of the study is the verb haben, forming the centre in the sphere “possession” and its synonyms (gehören, verfügen, besitzen, gebieten). The synonyms were identified through a lexicographical analysis with the help of five dictionaries of synonyms and the Contemporary German language corpora dwds.de. The analysis is based on a systematic approach that allows us to reveal the structure of senses and meanings in the mental lexicon and the interconnectedness of associative fields of synonymous stimulus words. The lexicographical, corpus and associative types of analysis reveal the following: 1) a negligible number of respondents' refusals to respond; 2) associating with a “paradigmatic” type in regard to the semantic structure of the stimulus word and associative response; 3) a high degree of uniqueness of “syntagmatic” associations; 4) “possession” is associated with such reactions as Geld, Gut, Güter, Macht, Testament, Freunde, nichts.

scholarly journals The analysis of individual Visegrad group members’ agrarian export sensitivity in relation to selected macroeconomic aggregations

2011 ◽  
Vol 59 (4) ◽  
pp. 327-342
Author(s):  
Miroslav Svatoš ◽  
Luboš Smutka
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Trade ◽  
Added Value ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Grocery Industry ◽  
Agricultural Exports ◽  
Group Members ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Individual ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Visegrad Group

This paper analyzes the development of agricultural trade of the countries of the Visegrad Group with emphasis on development of the value of agricultural exports of the individual countries. The subject matter of the analysis is the sensitivity of the commodity structure of agricultural exports of individual countries and the identification of aggregations that are the least and the most sensitive to changes to the external and internal economic environment. From the conducted research, agricultural trade in the V4 countries was found to have developed very dynamically from 1993 to 2008, while the commodity structure of exports has constantly narrowed as the degree of specialization of the individual countries has increased (this applies especially to the Czech Republic, Slovakia and Hungary). From the results of analysis of sensitivity to changes of selected variables relating to the development of the value of agricultural exports of the individual V4 countries, it appears that the aggregations that react most sensitively to changes are those that are the subject of re-exports, followed by the aggregations that are characterized by a high degree of added value. In general it can be said that products of agricultural primary production exhibit less sensitivity in comparison with grocery industry products. This is confirmed by the general trend arising from the very nature of consumer behaviour.

Psychological Determinants of Personaliti Bullying in the Sociometric Dimension

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Conflicts Of Interest ◽  
Mental States ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
International Partnership ◽  
Psychological Determinants ◽  
Exchange Program ◽  
Self Confidence ◽  
Depth Study ◽  
The Individual ◽  
High Degree

The article considers the main problems that arise when conflicts of interest between people in the sociometric dimension. The need for their comprehensive study will help to eliminate the negative consequences and use positive solutions to these conflicts for the development of the individual, his integration into society. The urgency of the work lies in the search for rational approaches to the origin and prevention of psychological bullying in the sociometric dimension as a consequence of the conflict of personality in agreement with its characterological education, psychological attitudes and beliefs. that is why the problem of bullying deserves in-depth study. The aim of the article is to study the influence of bullying on the uncertainty of adolescents in the sociometric dimension. The work is based on the provisions of prevention and reduction of external discrimination, isolation, humiliation and harassment, which will serve as factors to prevent personal uncertainty in the future. Bullying undermines the victim's self-confidence, destroys health, self-esteem and human dignity. There is a bullying structure, which is a social system that includes the offender, the victim and observers. Methods of measuring the manifestations of psychological bullying are determined, the corresponding set of methods of psychodiagnostics is presented and tested. Empirical data show that with insufficient and excessive mobilization of the individual there are with a high degree of probability such mental states that disturb the adaptive balance. Thus, with insufficient mobilization in a difficult life situation, it is likely to appear apathy and reduce energy expenditure. On the other hand, in a situation of excessive mobilization there is a state of high voltage against the background of excessive energy consumption. The results of this study are important in establishing international cooperation in the study of programs and projects in the context of transforming the human health system in accordance with international partnership standards and implementing a cultural exchange program for education and culture between countries.

scholarly journals THE YEARS OF ADOLESCENCE AND FORMATION OF PERSONALITY OF VASYL KUK – THE LAST CHIEF OF THE UKRAINIAN INSURGENT ARMY (1913 – 1934)

2016 ◽  
pp. 30-33
Author(s):  
A. Koval
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
World View ◽  
The State ◽  
National Origin ◽  
Main Attention ◽  
Personal Qualities ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Close Relatives ◽  
Further Development

The article investigates the life and activity of the last Ukrainian Insurgent Army Chief – Vasyl Kuk during the formation of his personality. The main attention is focused on the study of the first stages of his life: childhood, youth and education in Zolochiv high school and university in Lublin, his joining to the Ukrainian liberation movement and its participation in the first action against the Polish authorities on Ukrainian territory. The article analyzes the historiography of the subject and the state of the source base. Separately study focuses on Vasyl Kuk`s family. Is traced family roots, social and national origin of parents; described their world view and personal qualities that they have given to their children. Investigated the fate of some close relatives that could play a role in the further development of the individual. The author analyzes the formation of his views, personal ideological and political visions in specific historical circumstances and periods. In general, the article studied the major milestones and aspects of the formation and development of personality Vasyl Kuk in his teenage years.

Use of the PCR-DGGE method in forensic microbiology

2016 ◽  
Vol 292 ◽  
pp. 59-64
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Ziembińska-Buczyńska ◽  
◽  
Krzysztof Kraśnicki ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Phones ◽  
Electronic Device ◽  
Screening Method ◽  
Electrophoresis Method ◽  
Forensic Microbiology ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
The Individual ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Degree Of Similarity

The latest reports on the subject of forensic microbiology indicate that it is possible to link a perpetrator of an offence to the evidence, based on molecular analysis of microbiological material. The microbiome of human epidermis is known to be species- and individual-specific. This knowledge can be used towards finding a match between the object (e.g. electronic device) and the user, based on the individual-specific microbiome deposited onto the object’s surface. The DNA fingerprinting-based methods were used to compare similarities in the structures of bacterial communities collected from the epidermis of 14 study subjects and the housings of their mobile phones. This study was based on the Polymerase Chain Reaction – Denaturing Gel Electrophoresis method. The results obtained revealed a high degree of similarity between the structure of bacterial genotypes present on the users’ epidermis and the microbiomes recovered from their mobile phones. PCR-DGGE can be used as the screening method, preceding the additional confirmatory analyses.

Über 40 Jahre Deutscholympiade in Polen: ein interdisziplinärer Wettbewerb

2021 ◽  
pp. 147-158
Author(s):  
Paweł Moskała
Keyword(s):  
German Language ◽  
Effective Work ◽  
Language And Culture ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Over 40 Years

OVER 40 YEARS OF THE POLISH CONTEST DEDICATED TO THE GERMAN LANGUAGE AND CULTURE: THE INTERDISCIPLINARY COMPETITION The aim of the presented article is to analyse the structure of the contest dedicated to the German language and culture, taking into special account language competences and knowledge of the subject, which are required from students on each stage of the competition. The characteristics of individual tasks concerning the language competences studied within them can contribute to more effective work of teachers with students, and simultaneously increase their chances in the contest.

scholarly journals Separation events in Tafi language and culture

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-23
Author(s):  
Mercy Bobuafor
Keyword(s):  
Argument Structure ◽  
External Argument ◽  
Language And Culture ◽  
Internal Argument ◽  
Verb Semantics ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Water Cut ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Syntactic Properties

Separation events differ in lexicalisation patterns (Talmy 2000) and in argument realisation (Levin and Rappaport Hovav 2005) cross-linguistically. There are different types of separation events. “Cutting” and “breaking” events involve a non-reversible change in object integrity and have been systematically researched cross-linguistically in recent times (Guerssel et al 1985; Bohnemeyer 2008; Majid et al. 2008; Schaefer and Egbokhare 2012). In this paper, some of the generalisations that have been made concerning CUT and BREAK verbs are tested based on data from Tafi, a Ghana-Togo Mountain language. I investigate the morpho-syntactic properties of Tafi CUT and BREAK verbs in relation to a suggested generalisation by Guerssel et al. that BREAK verbs have a transitive/intransitive argument structure and participate in the causative/inchoative alternation; while CUT verbs are transitive and they are not expected to occur without their external argument. The types of events referred to by the CUT and BREAK verbs and the combinatorial capacity of the individual verbs are also explored. Based on an analysis of stimulus-elicitations and spontaneous language performances recorded in the field, I show that the Tafi verb bhui ‘cut’ can be used in an intransitive/resultative construction in which the theme, the internal argument, occurs as the subject. Drawing on the behaviour of bhui ‘cut’ I interrogate the explanations that have been offered in the literature with respect to such deviations from the generalisation. I argue that the verb argument alternation potential of a verb depends on the verb semantics as well as the type of (internal) argument it collocates with. Moreover, I explore the semantic interpretations of the verb when it combines with non-typical objects such as ‘water’. I show that such patterns and collocations such as ‘the water cut’ = ‘the water stopped running’, ‘cut a village’ = ‘establish a village’ are areal in nature (cf. Huttar et al. 2007).

scholarly journals German-Language Political Blogs as an Actual Protest Practice in Context of Mediation and Conflict Resolution Postulates

2020 ◽  
pp. 129-146
Author(s):  
L. N. Rebrina
Keyword(s):  
Conflict Resolution ◽  
German Language ◽  
Discursive Construction ◽  
Self Presentation ◽  
Political Blogs ◽  
Conflict Resolution Strategies ◽  
German Speaking ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Harvard School

The results of a study of German-speaking opposition political blogs by V. Prabel and S. Wagenknecht as examples of relevant protest practices are presented in the article. System-communicative and integrative approaches are used. The characteristics of blogs that make up the subject and collective-personal dimensions of this protest practice in the context of mediation and the postulates of the Harvard School of Conflict Studies are described. The regularities of the discursive construction of the problem, the image of the complex addresser and the addressee of the blog are determined, their argumentative, evaluative, self-presentation and phatic tactics are used. The article shows the specifics of the formation of Internet solidarity, the reflection in the analyzed practice of the phenomenon of mediation at the level of society and the individual, including the manifestation of the attributes of the changing thinking of the subjects of communication, due to the globalization of information processes and the characteristics of modern mediation in the political sphere. The postulates of the concept of “principle negotiations” by R. Fisher and W. Ury, aimed at constructivizing the conflict, and their observance by the addresser and addressee of the blog are examined, which makes it possible to assess the satisfactory communication of the parties. The inherent features of blogs that are relevant to different conflict resolution strategies are described. The results contribute to the study of the contingence of technological and sociocultural changes and can be applied in the field of conflict management.

scholarly journals Innovative Potential of Photobook Format in Ethnocultural Communication

2020 ◽  
pp. 68-73
Author(s):  
Elena Sergeevna Doroschuk
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Group ◽  
Special Functions ◽  
World View ◽  
New Information ◽  
Depth Study ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Photo Book ◽  
Ethnographic Image ◽  
Image Details

The features of such a widely used format as a photo book in the context of visual ethnography were reviewed in the article. It is noted that the photobook is studied as a tool for creating visual ethnographic materials that allow to conduct a research on modern cultures and ethnic groups to form a cultural identity. Methods. As the subject of analysis, modern photobooks created by the photographer from Japan Ikuru Kuwajima were selected. Results. The potential of the photobook as an author's work is revealed and its communicative potential in ethnocultural interaction is described. An ethno-photo book is defined as a format of visual communication in which each photograph has an ethnical meaning, which contributes to the creation of author's photo narration, as a specific form of reflection of an ethnos, with a representation of ethnic images. The special functions of the ethno-photo book, which are realized upon activation of the author’s principle, are highlighted: the search for their own identity; pictorial (plot) narrative about an ethnic group; creating the integrity of ethno-narration; increment of information about the ethnic group; ethnos research by means of a photo image; details of the ethnic world view; preservation of ethnic pictures of the world; comprehending the culture of another. It has been determined that a modern photo book is distinguished by documentary content and multimedia features that give its content traits of pragmatism and streaming. An ethno-photo book is manifested as a meaningful substantial work in which the author narrates a pictorial story about an ethnos through photographs, creating a holistic artistic and semantic image of the ethnos. It is concluded that all this contributes to a special emphasis of the reader on certain elements of the ethnographic image and contributes to the creation of new information about the ethnos. It is mentioned that one of the varieties of photobooks is the author's photobook, as an in-depth study of oneself in the context of the ethnicity of the territories reflected in the photo-chronicles of the photographer.

scholarly journals Speech etiquette in the Russian and Chinese linguocultures (on the example of address and greeting)

Litera ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 47-58
Author(s):  
Tszyi Syun
Keyword(s):  
Public Speaking ◽  
International Communication ◽  
Cultural Development ◽  
National Language ◽  
Literary Texts ◽  
Social Situations ◽  
Language And Culture ◽  
Crucial Component ◽  
Depth Study ◽  
The Subject

The goal of this research consists in comparison of the Russian and Chinese means of public speaking etiquette. The object of this research is the forms of expressing speech etiquette in the Russian and Chinese languages on the example of address and greeting. The subject of this research is the manifestation of cultural peculiarities of speech etiquette in the Russian and Chinese languages. The author reviews such speech situations as social interaction, business communication, communication between people who know each other and who do not, and other social situations. The relevance of this article is defined by the lack of comparative works dedicated to the Russian and Chinese speech etiquette. The scientific novelty consists in introduction to the comparative analysis of new language material acquired from the literary texts, publicistic texts, and Internet. The obtained results may be valuable in further comparative studies of the Russian and Chinese speech etiquette, as well as in teaching business etiquette within the framework of culturological disciplines; this is substantiated by the fact that with the development of relations between the two countries, also increases the number of people studying Russian and Chinese languages. Speech etiquette is a branch of communicative linguistics, and thus its in-depth study is of primary importance in international communication. The conclusion is made that speech etiquette is a crucial component of the national language and culture; the etiquette code of the Russian and Chinese linguocultures has similarities and differences, which is associated with the process of historical accumulation of national peculiarities and cultural development.

Development of a German-Language Questionnaire to Measure Collective Orientation as an Individual Attitude

2017 ◽  
Vol 76 (3) ◽  
pp. 91-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vera Hagemann
Keyword(s):  
Team Performance ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Future Research ◽  
German Language ◽  
Team Members ◽  
Collective Orientation ◽  
Team Research ◽  
German Speaking ◽  
Individual Variables ◽  
The Individual

Abstract. The individual attitudes of every single team member are important for team performance. Studies show that each team member’s collective orientation – that is, propensity to work in a collective manner in team settings – enhances the team’s interdependent teamwork. In the German-speaking countries, there was previously no instrument to measure collective orientation. So, I developed and validated a German-language instrument to measure collective orientation. In three studies (N = 1028), I tested the validity of the instrument in terms of its internal structure and relationships with other variables. The results confirm the reliability and validity of the instrument. The instrument also predicts team performance in terms of interdependent teamwork. I discuss differences in established individual variables in team research and the role of collective orientation in teams. In future research, the instrument can be applied to diagnose teamwork deficiencies and evaluate interventions for developing team members’ collective orientation.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document