DETERMINATION AERODYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS OF ELEMENTS OF BUILDING VENTILATION SYSTEMS IN LABORATORY CONDITIONS

The article presents the layout and appearance of the stand, developed to determine the aerodynamic characteristics of the elements of ventilation systems. The technique of determining the aerodynamic characteristics of ventilation elements using the developed stand is considered. The results of tests of a check valve used in natural ventilation systems of buildings are presented. The obtained characteristic of the check valve is proposed to be used in calculating and predicting the operation of ventilation systems in buildings in which the check valves under consideration will be installed

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Solar Chimney Applications in Buildings

Encyclopedia ◽

10.3390/encyclopedia1020034 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 1 (2) ◽

pp. 409-422

Author(s):

Haihua Zhang ◽

Yao Tao ◽

Long Shi

Keyword(s):

Natural Ventilation ◽

Energy System ◽

Assisted Ventilation ◽

Building Envelope ◽

Building Structures ◽

Solar Chimney ◽

Climate Conditions ◽

And Performance ◽

Modern Building ◽

Ventilation Systems

A solar chimney is a renewable energy system used to enhance the natural ventilation in a building based on solar and wind energy. It is one of the most representative solar-assisted passive ventilation systems attached to the building envelope. It performs exceptionally in enhancing natural ventilation and improving thermal comfort under certain climate conditions. The ventilation enhancement of solar chimneys has been widely studied numerically and experimentally. The assessment of solar chimney systems based on buoyancy ventilation relies heavily on the natural environment, experimental environment, and performance prediction methods, bringing great difficulties to quantitative analysis and parameterization research. With the increase in volume and complexity of modern building structures, current studies of solar chimneys have not yet obtained a unified design strategy and corresponding guidance. Meanwhile, combining a solar chimney with other passive ventilation systems has attracted much attention. The solar chimney-based integrated passive-assisted ventilation systems prolong the service life of an independent system and strengthen the ventilation ability for indoor cooling and heating. However, the progress is still slow regarding expanded applications and related research of solar chimneys in large volume and multi-layer buildings, and contradictory conclusions appear due to the inherent complexity of the system.

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Proposing Alternative Solutions to Enhance Natural Ventilation Rates in Residential Buildings in the Cfa Climate Zone of Rasht

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su13020679 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (2) ◽

pp. 679

Author(s):

Roya Aeinehvand ◽

Amiraslan Darvish ◽

Abdollah Baghaei Daemei ◽

Shima Barati ◽

Asma Jamali ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Natural Ventilation ◽

Residential Buildings ◽

Residential Building ◽

Ventilation Rate ◽

Humid Climate ◽

The Sustainable Development ◽

Passive Strategies ◽

Development Goals ◽

Ventilation Rates ◽

Ventilation Systems

Today, renewable resources and the crucial role of passive strategies in energy efficiency in the building sector toward the sustainable development goals are more indispensable than ever. Natural ventilation has traditionally been considered as one of the most fundamental techniques to decrease energy usage by building dwellers and designers. The main purpose of the present study is to enhance the natural ventilation rates in an existing six-story residential building situated in the humid climate of Rasht during the summertime. On this basis, two types of ventilation systems, the Double-Skin Facade Twin Face System (DSF-TFS) and Single-Sided Wind Tower (SSWT), were simulated through DesignBuilder version 4.5. Then, two types of additional ventilation systems were proposed in order to accelerate the airflow, including four-sided as well as multi-opening wind towers. The wind foldable directions were at about 45 degrees (northwest to southeast). The simulation results show that SSWT could have a better performance than the aforementioned systems by about 38%. Therefore, the multi-opening system was able to enhance the ventilation rate by approximately 10% during the summertime.

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Smoke Flow Control in Tunnels Using Natural Ventilation

2018 Joint Rail Conference ◽

10.1115/jrc2018-6248 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Mark P. Colino ◽

Elena B. Rosenstein

Keyword(s):

Natural Ventilation ◽

Smoke Control ◽

Smoke Movement ◽

Design Elements ◽

Industry Standards ◽

Emergency Ventilation ◽

Design Requirements ◽

Smoke Control System ◽

Ventilation Systems

This paper provides an overview of the design of natural ventilation systems to control smoke movement in rail tunnels. The paper discusses the current industry standards and design requirements for tunnel emergency ventilation systems, and then addresses the various technical elements that are used to design such systems. These technical elements include parameters in the direct control of the designer, as well as those that are beyond the control of the designer. The paper also presents a case study where various physical design elements are utilized to create a working natural ventilation smoke control system for a short rail tunnel.

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Assessment of peak power demand reduction available via modulation of building ventilation systems.

Energy and Buildings ◽

10.1016/j.enbuild.2020.109867 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 214 ◽

pp. 109867

Author(s):

Matthew Young ◽

Brennan D. Less ◽

Spencer M. Dutton ◽

Iain S. Walker ◽

Max H. Sherman ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Peak Power ◽

Power Demand ◽

Demand Reduction ◽

Building Ventilation ◽

Ventilation Systems

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Analysis of Various Ventilation Systems Due to the Quality of Indoor Air in Educational Buildings

Proceedings ◽

10.3390/proceedings2019016029 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 16 (1) ◽

pp. 29

Author(s):

Katarzyna Gładyszewska-Fiedoruk ◽

Vasyl Zhelykh ◽

Andrii Pushchinskyi

Keyword(s):

Carbon Dioxide ◽

Computer Simulation ◽

Air Quality ◽

Knowledge Acquisition ◽

Indoor Air ◽

Educational Buildings ◽

Building Ventilation ◽

Ventilation Systems

The quality of internal air is one of the factors that affect the pace and quality of knowledge acquisition. Therefore, it is important that the classrooms have high air quality. Using computer simulation, the effect of various building ventilation variants on air quality in classrooms was analyzed. As an indicator of air quality, the concentration of carbon dioxide in school halls was assumed.

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Curtain Wall with Solar Preheating of Ventilation Air. Full Scale Experimental Assessment

E3S Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/e3sconf/202017209007 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 172 ◽

pp. 09007

Author(s):

Roberto Garay-Martinez ◽

Beñat Arregi

Keyword(s):

Natural Ventilation ◽

Integrated Control ◽

Substantial Reduction ◽

Systems Design ◽

Full Scale ◽

Curtain Wall ◽

Smart Control ◽

Scale Experiment ◽

Ventilated Facade ◽

Ventilation Systems

Heating load in Commercial buildings is highly related with ventilation systems, while at the same time local discomfort in the vicinity of glass walls occurs due to overheating. In this paper, a novel double envelope curtain wall is presented, which extracts heat from the façade by means of a ventilated cavity which is then incorporated to the ventilation air intake. A substantial reduction of heating loads is achieved. Whenever solar gains are not sought, a bypass element allows the natural ventilation of this air cavity, acting as a ventilated façade. An integrated control system with embedded electronics and actuators allows for a smart control of the system. The system is designed for integration with existing rooftop ventilation systems. Design considerations are discussed, and the outcomes of a full-scale experiment conducted in Bilbao (Spain) along 2019 presented.

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Evaluation of building ventilation systems

Journal of Safety Research ◽

10.1016/0022-4375(87)90075-2 ◽

1987 ◽

Vol 18 (1) ◽

pp. 47

Author(s):

R.T. Hughes ◽

D.M. O'Brien

Keyword(s):

Building Ventilation ◽

Ventilation Systems

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Antibacterial Efficiency of Stainless-Steel Grids Coated with Cu-Ag by Thermionic Vacuum Arc Method

Coatings ◽

10.3390/coatings10040322 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (4) ◽

pp. 322

Author(s):

P. Dinca ◽

B. Butoi ◽

M. Lungu ◽

C. Porosnicu ◽

I. Jepu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Stainless Steel ◽

Natural Ventilation ◽

High Surface ◽

Conventional Mechanical Ventilation ◽

Point Of View ◽

Vacuum Arc ◽

Filtering Efficiency ◽

Thermionic Vacuum Arc ◽

Two Parameters ◽

Ventilation Systems

Autonomous smart natural ventilation systems (SVS) attached to the glass façade of living quarters and office buildings can help reducing the carbon footprint of city buildings in the future, especially during warm seasons and can represent an alternative to the conventional mechanical ventilation systems. The work performed in this manuscript focuses on the investigation of bacteria trapping and killing efficiency of stainless steel grids coated with a mixed layer of Cu-Ag. These grids are to be employed as decontamination filters for a smart natural ventilation prototype that we are currently building in our laboratory. The tested grids were coated with a mixed Cu-Ag layer using thermionic vacuum arc plasma processing technology. The fixed deposition geometry allowed the variation of Cu and Ag atomic concentration in coated layers as a function of substrate position in relation to plasma sources. The test conducted with air contaminated with a pathogen strain of staphylococcus aureus indicated that the filtering efficiency is influenced by two parameters: the pore size dimension and the coating layer composition. The results show that the highest filtering efficiency of 100% was obtained for fine pore (0.5 × 0.5 mm) grids coated with a mixed metallic layer composed of 65 at% Cu and 35 at% Ag. The second test performed only on reference grids and Cu-Ag (65–35 at%) under working conditions, confirm a similar filtering efficiency for the relevant microbiological markers. This particular sample was investigated from morphological, structural, and compositional point of view. The results show that the layer has a high surface roughness with good wear resistance and adhesion to the substrate. The depth profiles presented a uniform composition of Cu and Ag in the layer with small variations caused by changes in deposition rates during the coating process. Identification of the two metallic phases of the Cu and Ag in the layers evidences their crystalline nature. The calculated grain size of the nanocrystalline was in the range 14–21 nm.

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