Study of air mobility and liquid mass loss during ventilation of an experimental tank

2021 ◽  
Vol 93 ◽  
pp. 152-163
Author(s):  
D. A. Stepanenko ◽  
◽  
V. P. Nazarov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Loss ◽  
Vortex Method ◽  
Volatile Oil ◽  
Internal Space ◽  
Forced Ventilation ◽  
Experimental Tank ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Liquid Mass ◽  
Innovative Method ◽  
Internal Surfaces

Introduction. Activities related to the repair and maintenance of vertical tanks of various design types are carried out both according to the work plan and unscheduled. Such work is often facilitated by both the expiration of the service life of obsolete tanks and corrosion of the internal surfaces, which is one of the main factors affecting the life of the tank. Goals and objectives. Due to the fact that volatile oil products are often stored in tanks with a pontoon, their repair and maintenance is an extremely fire and explosion hazardous event. To provide an explosion-proof vapor-air environment, forced ventilation is used, and special attention is drawn to recent studies devoted to an innovative "vortex" method of organizing ventilation of the internal space of the tank, which has not been previously used on a tank with a pontoon. Methods. To substantiate the effectiveness of the application of an innovative method of organizing ventilation for a tank with a pontoon, empirical research methods were used, as well as analytical numerical calculations to determine the average theoretical air mobility. Results and its discussion. The article proposes to pay attention to the innovative way of organizing ventilation of a reservoir with a pontoon as the most effective, relative to other methods of organizing ventilation, and the results of a numerical experiment to determine the average theoretical air mobility using the V.M. Elterman formula were compared with experimental ones. Conclusion. The results of experiments on the mass loss of the studied liquids and air mobility inside the experimental tank show that the innovative method is more effective than other ventilation methods. However, the results of numerical experiments cast doubt on the advisability of using the Elterman formula for generalizing experimental data as applied to the ventilation of experimental tanks with small volumes. Keywords: reservoir with a pontoon, forced ventilation, air mobility, liquid mass loss

scholarly journals Innovative Method of Urban Planning Management Based on the Mathematical Modelling of the Network Objects

2018 ◽  
Vol 251 ◽  
pp. 03040
Author(s):  
Dmitriy Anufriev ◽  
Olga Shikulskaya ◽  
Mikhail Shikulskiy ◽  
Alyona Naberezhnaya
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
Mathematical Modelling ◽  
Retail Trade ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Innovative Method ◽  
Coulomb’S Law ◽  
Urban Planning Management ◽  
Coulomb's Law

When urban planning for convenience of the population and business it is necessary to place rationally objects of retail trade and service. Currently a large number of different methods are available to achievement of this purpose, but they are not universal. The most effective solutions could be achieved through the transfer of laws from one area of knowledge to another. The Coulomb’s law was used. Authors analyzed all factors affecting the incurrence of profits or losses of a retail network.

Effects of hydraulic and medium characteristics on solute transfer to surface runoff

1994 ◽  
Vol 30 (7) ◽  
pp. 145-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. L. Lai ◽  
S. L. Lo ◽  
C. F. Lin
Keyword(s):  
Mass Loss ◽  
Potassium Chloride ◽  
Surface Runoff ◽  
Relative Length ◽  
Packed Bed ◽  
Rate Of Change ◽  
Solute Transfer ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
The Media ◽  
Two Parameters

A two-stage scouring-based model including two parameters for each stage, the ultimate scoured depth and rate of change of scoured depth, was developed to describe solute transfer to surface runoff. While the first stage is a quick decrease of mass loss of solute to surface runoff, the second stage is a slow one. An experimental flume with a medium packed bed was designed. Four different sizes of glass beads were chosen to be the media and saturated with uniform concentration (20000 ppm) of potassium chloride solution before runoff occurred. In a series of experiments, runoff was passed at varied flow rate, velocities, and depths over the medium bed. Runoff samples were taken at the end of flume and the concentration of potassium chloride analysed. By use of this model, the dimensionless ultimate scoured depth and the dimensionless rate of change of each stage were investigated. The results showed that the Reynolds number within media and the relative length were two important factors affecting mass loss of chemicals.

Do RRA Earnings Improve the Usefulness of Reported Earnings in Reflecting the Performance of Oil and Gas Producing Firms?

1992 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 335-356 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dennis T. Kennedy ◽  
Yong-Ha Hyon
Keyword(s):  
Stock Prices ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Abnormal Returns ◽  
Volatile Oil ◽  
Inside Trading ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Trading Model ◽  
Annual Earnings ◽  
Reported Earnings ◽  
Advance Knowledge

This study employs a regression model and an inside-trading model to evaluate whether three component values of the Reserve Recognition Accounting (RRA) Supplemental Earnings Summary improve the extent to which reported earnings reflect factors affecting stock prices. The analysis is conducted for the 1979-1980 period of volatile oil prices, when the events that the RRA Earnings Summary was designed to reflect (exploration and discovery) were more likely to be significant. Results from the regression analysis indicate that RRA earnings variables make a significant incremental contribution to explaining the variance in abnormal returns accumulated over the fiscal years described by the annual earnings values. Results from an inside-trading model indicate that advance knowledge of RRA earnings would be more useful to an investor than advance knowledge of the traditional historical cost earnings. The implication of these results is that data from the RRA Supplemental Earnings Summary improve the usefulness of reported earnings in reflecting the performance of oil and gas producing firms.

Factors Affecting Bone Mineral Mass Loss After Lower-Limb Fractures in a Pediatric Population

2015 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 345-351 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dimitri Ceroni ◽  
Xavier Martin ◽  
Omar Kherad ◽  
Davide Salvo ◽  
Victor Dubois-Ferrière
Keyword(s):  
Mass Loss ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Lower Limb ◽  
Pediatric Population ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Bone Mineral Mass ◽  
Lower Limb Fractures ◽  
Limb Fractures ◽  
Mineral Mass

Method for measuring the Q-factor of miniature open dielectric resonators at ultrahigh frequencies

2021 ◽  
pp. 29-36
Author(s):  
Vladimir M. Gevorkyan ◽  
Yury A. Kazantsev ◽  
Aleksandr V. Shutov
Keyword(s):  
Dielectric Resonator ◽  
Measurement Errors ◽  
Simple Algorithm ◽  
Coupled System ◽  
Dielectric Resonators ◽  
Q Factor ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Internal Surfaces ◽  
Metal Volume ◽  
Open Dielectric Resonator

A simple algorithm for reliably determining the Q-factor of an open dielectric resonator made of a material with a tgδ less than 0.0001 in the shielded region is presented, based on measuring the parameters of an electromagnetically coupled system of bulk metal and open dielectric resonators. The analytical substantiation of the considered method for determining the Q-factor of an open dielectric resonator in electrodynamic and electrotechnical representations is carried out. The variants of the influence of the metal volume on the effective Q-factor of an open dielectric resonator depending on its electrophysical characteristics are considered. The factors affecting the effective Q-factor of an open dielectric resonator obtained using this measurement method are evaluated, and the range of expected measurement errors is shown. The advantage of the method for determining the Q-factor of an open dielectric resonator is the high accuracy of the obtained analytical ratios for determining the Q-factor, the absence of increased requirements for the accuracy of the measurement sections and the quality of the internal surfaces of the metal resonator, the simplicity of the measurement process, based on the use of ordinary equipment and element base.

scholarly journals The influence of pipe diameter selection on operating costs of heating installation in the context of the anticipated increase in electricity prices

2019 ◽  
Vol 100 ◽  
pp. 00034
Author(s):  
Maciej Knapik
Keyword(s):  
Operating Costs ◽  
Pipe Diameter ◽  
Main Circulation Pump ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Price Increases ◽  
Internal Surfaces ◽  
Heating Installation ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Main Circulation ◽  
Selection Of

The article presents an analysis of the influence of selection a pipe diameter on the operating costs of a heating installation in the context of the expected increase in electricity charges required to motive the main circulation pump of the installation. As a result of a combination of several factors affecting the Polish energy sector based on coal, energy price increases seem inevitable. Polish government’s response to the forecasted increases in charges for electricity is a proposal to introduce subsidies for electricity bills. The article presents the results of the analysis of pipe selection from several standard types, including investment and operating costs, and a comparison of results before and after the increase in electricity charges and including the influence of limescale precipitation on the internal surfaces of pipe walls. The results analyzes show that the increase in charges for electricity affects the selection of the pipe diameter, like the problem of the formation of limescale can significantly reduce the efficiency of the installation and in extreme cases, can lead to a complete stop of installation.

scholarly journals The Effect of Structural Skeleton on the Internal Architecture Space

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (03) ◽  
Author(s):  
Adil. A. M. Elhassan, ◽  
Rawan Mohamed Abdalla Awad alla
Keyword(s):  
Research Problem ◽  
Historical Study ◽  
Internal Space ◽  
Interior Space ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Architectural Space ◽  
Space Processing ◽  
Structural Skeleton ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Internal Architecture

The study investigates the architectural space and its definition and the stages of development of the architectural space according to the previous civilizations up to our current era and then defining the internal space and its determinants. A historical study of the space and its value as well as the elements of the internal architecture all, were discussed in this study. The construction, the constructional structure its characteristics were defined and the constituents of the building as well. In addition, identifying the types of buildings in terms of from their functional and constructional aspects, and then identifying the constructional materials used in the constructional skeleton and their impact on the constructional skeleton in the design from several aspects until reaching the internal space and the factors affecting it. The research problem and the research objectives were defined, which is coming to design solutions and interrelated constructions as well as designing the buildings in a manner that respects the environment, taking into consideration the financial cost of the building, while minimizing the effects of construction, all of which on the internal space. The most important findings of the study are that the elements of the interior space are all interconnected and cannot be separated from each other; this is in order to reach the appropriate visual formation of the space. The elements of the internal space of the building should be evaluated by specialists in this field, is a first step before studying the selection of the most appropriate constructional skeletons of the building, before preparing the new engineering drawings, and choosing the most proper ways to protect the constructional elements during the processing of internal space processing to ensure that the cost will not increase.

Factors Affecting Survival of Campylobacter jejuni on Experimentally Inoculated Pork Skin Stored under Various Conditions

1985 ◽  
Vol 48 (11) ◽  
pp. 944-946 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. J. BRACEWELL ◽  
J. O. REAGAN ◽  
J. A. CARPENTER ◽  
L. C. BLANKENSHIP
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
Beneficial Effect ◽  
Nalidixic Acid ◽  
Campylobacter Jejuni ◽  
Resistant Strain ◽  
Storage Temperature ◽  
Skin Surface ◽  
Forced Ventilation ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
And Storage

Pork skin inoculated with a nalidixic acid-resistant strain of Campylobacter jejuni was subjected to three treatments to determine the effect of storage temperature, oxygen concentration, and drying on survival of the organism. Survival rate was determined for each treatment by enumeration over a 48-h period on Brucella agar containing nalidixic acid. Of the treatments studied, chilling with forced ventilation and storage at 20°C caused significant reductions in numbers of survivors. The results of this study confirm reports by other investigators that conventional forced ventilation chilling of pork carcasses has the beneficial effect of reducing skin surface Campylobacter contaminants.

A COMBINED MODEL FOR THE GASEOUS MIXTURE PAST A CYLINDER IN ABLATION ENVIRONMENT

2011 ◽  
Vol 03 (01) ◽  
pp. 187-201 ◽  
Author(s):  
HAIMING HUANG ◽  
XIAOLIANG XU
Keyword(s):  
Mass Loss ◽  
Loss Rate ◽  
Mass Loss Rate ◽  
Gaseous Mixture ◽  
Vortex Method ◽  
Ablation Rate ◽  
Cylinder Surface ◽  
Combined Model ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Ablation Mechanism

When a cylinder specimen lies in the gaseous mixture under high temperature and high pressure, the ablation and the denudation may appear on the cylinder surface, which will lead to the mass loss and shape alteration. A combined model is developed for solving the mass loss rate resulted from the ablation and the denudation. In this model, three chemical formulas and ablation mechanism are presented to evaluate the mass loss rate; the core-spread vortex method is used to analyze the flow around the cylinder; and the particle trajectory equation is given to explore the traces of denudation particles. To obtain the mass loss rate of the cylinder in the two-phase flow, the simulations are performed well by using the written codes. Numerical results show that the Re number of gaseous mixture exerts significant effects on both the vortex street and the ablation rate. Furthermore, it is found that the vorticity determines the motion and distribution of denudation particles.

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