The prevalence of text neck syndrome and its association with smartphone use among medical students in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia

Objectives: Text neck syndrome was first described by Fishman D. It refers to neck pain caused by repetitive stress injury resulting from prolonged neck flexion among smartphone users. The association of neck disability with various behaviors during the use of smartphones is still unclear in the literature. Therefore, we aimed to estimate the frequency of such factors and evaluate whether they contribute to text neck. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at six medical colleges in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, from July 2020 to January 2021. An electronic, self-administered questionnaire was distributed to medical students online. In addition, participants were asked to complete the smartphone addiction scale-short version (SAS-SV) and the neck disability index (NDI). Results: A total of 428 medical students participated, of which 304 (71.02%) were female, while 124 (28.97%) were male. The mean age was 22.11 ± 2.07 years. The prevalence of text neck syndrome was 68.1%. Among the participants, 49.5% had mild, 16.1% had moderate, and 2.6% had severe neck disabilities. The Spearman correlation coefficient showed a moderate positive correlation between SAS-SV and the NDI (rs = 0.328, P < 0.001). Conclusion: The current study found that most medical students had a neck disability, and there was a significant association between text neck syndrome and smartphone use. In addition, a lack of appropriate neck positioning and prolonged use of smartphones were found in most students. Therefore, more emphasis should be placed on raising awareness of the necessity of maintaining appropriate sitting posture and limiting the duration of mobile phone use.

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Prevalence of smartphone addiction: correlates of smartphone use and its association with social phobia in post-graduate medical students in Assam

International Journal of Community Medicine and Public Health ◽

10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20211242 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 (4) ◽

pp. 1836

Author(s):

Prosenjit Ghosh ◽

Anweshan Ghosh ◽

Madhurima Khasnabis

Keyword(s):

Medical Students ◽

Social Anxiety ◽

Social Phobia ◽

Past History ◽

Smartphone Addiction ◽

Short Version ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Post Graduate ◽

Graduate Medical ◽

Smartphone Use

Background: Smartphone use has become pervasive in everyday lives of university students. Excessive smartphone use leads to various physical problems, as well as psychological issues like reduced academic achievement, social interactions, and leading to relationship problems. Depression, loneliness and anxiety have emerged as important predictors of smartphone addiction. Social anxiety also known as social phobia is an intense anxiety or fear of being negatively judged or rejected in a socially demanding situation. This may lead to individuals avoiding face-to-face interaction and increasingly engaging in online interaction. Medical post-graduate students are more vulnerable to stress due to the demanding nature of their course as well as extensive smartphone users. Objectives of the study were to see the socio-demographic distribution of the post-graduate medical students, to assess the pattern of smart phone use and prevalence of smartphone addiction in the post-graduate medical students, to see the association of smartphone addiction with pattern of use and to see the association of smartphone addiction with social phobia among the study participantsMethods: This study was cross-sectional non-interventional study. Self-reported questionnaires were used to collect information from 70 postgraduate medical students. The data was collected the smartphone addiction scale-short version and Liebowitz social anxiety scale. The data obtained was analysed using SPSS version 23.Results: Majority of the participants were female, in the age group 26-30 years, single, belonging to upper middle class of an urban locality, with no past history of psychiatric illness. Most common functionality was social networking. The prevalence of smartphone addiction was 28.6% with similar gender predisposition. 37.1% of the study participants were found to have social phobia.Conclusions: No association was found between smartphone addiction and social phobia. The smartphone addiction was found to have significant association with pattern of use and duration of use (p<0.05).

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How does smartphone usage affect the severity of neck pain, neck-pain related disability, and cervical lordosis? A pilot study

Medical Science and Discovery ◽

10.36472/msd.v8i4.527 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 (4) ◽

pp. 254-259

Author(s):

Damla Cankurtaran ◽

Zeynep Aykin Yigman ◽

Fatih Yigman ◽

Gulnur Celik

Keyword(s):

Pilot Study ◽

Neck Pain ◽

Neck Disability Index ◽

Chronic Neck Pain ◽

Musculoskeletal Symptoms ◽

Smartphone Addiction ◽

Short Version ◽

Cervical Lordosis ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Smartphone Use

Objective: Long-term and repetitive use of smartphones may cause musculoskeletal symptoms such as neck pain. This pilot study aimed to examine the effect of smartphone usage on neck pain, disability, and cervical lordosis. Material and Methods: Seventy-eight patients were enrolled in this cross-sectional pilot study. The level of smartphone use was evaluated with the Smartphone addiction scale-short version (SAS-SV). Neck Bournemouth Questionnaire (NBQ), Neck Disability Index (NDI), and 100 mm Visual Analog Scale (VAS) were used to assess pain and disability. Cervical lordosis angle was measured using the Cobb method. Results: A positive significant correlation with low correlation coefficient (r= 0.277, p=0.014; r: 0.295, p=0.009) was determined between SAS-SV and NBQ, and NDI. However, no correlation was found between SAS-SV and cervical lordosis angle (p>0.05). When applying simple linear regression modeling to predict neck pain severity, the SAS-SV total score alone explained 7.7% of the variance of the NBQ and 9.0% of the variance of the NDI total score. Conclusion: We concluded that it would be beneficial to question the frequency and position of smartphone use, to recommend to use it less, and to avoid prolongation in neck flexion for patients with chronic neck pain.

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How addicted are newly admitted Undergraduate Medical Students to Smartphones?: a Cross-sectional Study from Chitwan Medical College, Nepal

10.21203/rs.2.14799/v2 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Sirisa Karki ◽

Jaya Prasad Singh ◽

Gita Paudel ◽

Sushma Khatiwada ◽

Sameer Timilsina

Keyword(s):

Medical Students ◽

Undergraduate Students ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Smartphone Addiction ◽

Short Version ◽

Personal Factors ◽

Undergraduate Medical Students ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Smartphone Use ◽

And Gender

Abstract Introduction: Increasing smartphone use among adolescents in todays’ world has made this handy device an indispensable electronic tool, however, it comes at a price of problematic overuse or addiction. We aim to investigate the prevalence of smartphone addiction among undergraduate medical students and explore its association with various demographic and personal factors. Methods: A pool of 250 undergraduate students completed a survey composed of socio-demographics information, smartphone-use related variables and 10-point Smartphone Addiction Scale-Short Version in February 2019. Results: Smartphone addiction among medical students was estimated at around 36.8% with higher percentage of male smartphone addicts. Phubbing was reported by 37.6% participants with more than 60% reporting overuse. Statistically significant association was observed between smartphone addiction and gender and overuse. Self-acknowledgement of addiction was found to be the biggest predictor of smartphone addiction. Conclusion: This study provides preliminary insights into smartphone use, smartphone addiction and various factors predicting smartphone addiction among early undergraduate medical students from Nepal, which should be extended in future studies. Education policymakers and educators need to develop some strategies encouraging student’s smartphone utilization to enhance academic performance. Keywords: smartphone; addiction; undergraduate; medical.

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How addicted are newly admitted Undergraduate Medical Students to Smartphones?: a Cross-sectional Study from Chitwan Medical College, Nepal

10.21203/rs.2.14799/v1 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Sirisa Karki ◽

Sameer Timilsina ◽

Jaya Prasad Singh

Keyword(s):

Medical Students ◽

Undergraduate Students ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Smartphone Addiction ◽

Short Version ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Undergraduate Medical Students ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Medical College ◽

Smartphone Use

Abstract Introduction Increasing smartphone use among adolescents in todays’ world has made this handy device an indispensable electronic tool, however, it comes at a price of problematic overuse or addiction. We aimed to investigate the prevalence of smartphone addiction among undergraduate medical students and explore its association with various demographic and personal factors.Methods A pool of 250 undergraduate students enrolled at Chitwan Medical College were included in this cross-sectional study conducted between August to November 2018. A preformed demographic porforma along with 10-point Smartphone Addiction Scale-Short Version was used to collect participant information.Results Smartphone addiction among medical students was estimated at around 36.8% with higher percentage of male smartphone addicts. Prevalence rates of smartphone related tolerance was reported in 42.8% participants, 37.6% reported phubbing and 60.8% participants reported overuse. Statistically significant association was observed between smartphone addiction and gender, self-acknowledgement of addiction and overuse.Conclusion This study provides preliminary insights into smartphone use, smartphone addiction and various factors predicting smartphone addiction among early undergraduate medical students from Nepal, which should be extended in future studies. Some fruitful programs and strategies to promote students’ knowledge and awareness about using smartphone seems to be the need of the hour.

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Correlation of smartphone use addiction with text neck syndrome and SMS thumb in physiotherapy students

International Journal of Community Medicine and Public Health ◽

10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20182187 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 5 (6) ◽

pp. 2512 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Priyal P. Shah ◽

Megha S. Sheth

Keyword(s):

Correlation Coefficient ◽

Mobile Phones ◽

Neck Disability Index ◽

Smartphone Addiction ◽

Spearman Correlation ◽

Stress Injury ◽

Smartphone Use ◽

Repetitive Stress ◽

Neck Disability ◽

Physiotherapy Students

Background:Young adults have grown up today with mobile phones as an evident part of their lives. Text neck syndrome and SMS thumb may occur due to repetitive use of hand held devices (HHDs) resulting in repetitive stress injury or an overuse syndrome while using their mobile phones or other electronic devices for prolonged periods of time. Our aim is to assess self reported addiction to smartphone use and correlate its use and musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) in neck and hand in young healthy adults. Methods:The study examined 100 healthy physiotherapy students of a college in Ahmedabad by random table sampling, in the age group of 20-25 years. Students were asked to fill a proforma with the questionnaires of Smartphone Addiction Scale (SAS), Neck Disability Index (NDI), and Cornell Hand Discomfort Questionnaire (CHDQ) attached. Level of significance was kept at 5%. Spearman correlation coefficient was used to correlate between the SAS and NDI, and SAS and CHDQ respectively. Results:There was a predominance of females over males (females-76, males-24). Mean±SD of SAS, NDI and CHDQ was 102.49±22.15, 30±0.10 and 6.12±8.73 respectively. Spearman correlation coefficient showed a significant moderate positive correlation between both SAS and NDI (r=0.671, p<0.001) and between SAS and CHDQ (r=0.465, p<0.001). Conclusions: The study showed that musculoskeletal problems in neck and hand(predominantly thumb) can be seen in smartphone addicted students which may be short term initially but may later lead to long term disability.

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Impact of Smartphone Addiction on Neck Pain and Disability in University Students

JOURNAL FOR CLINICAL AND DIAGNOSTIC RESEARCH ◽

10.7860/jcdr/2021/49339.15029 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Anjali Suresh ◽

SG Sudhan ◽

Prasanna Mohan ◽

A Thangamani Ramalingam

Keyword(s):

University Students ◽

Neck Pain ◽

Neck Disability Index ◽

The Body ◽

Smartphone Addiction ◽

Short Version ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Musculoskeletal Problems ◽

Neck Disability ◽

The Impact

Introduction: In the present era, the use of smartphones for teaching, learning and communication for education in India has raised manyfold. The increasing use of smartphones in our daily life has brought about numerous musculoskeletal problems. Impairments of neck are the most common when compared to other parts of the body. Aim: To find out the impact of smartphone addiction on neck pain and disability. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on students from Garden City University aged between 18-25 years through non probability sampling technique. The data was collected from August to September 2019. The addiction level to a smartphone was measured using Smartphone Addiction Scale Short Version (SAS-SV) and the Neck disability was measured using the Neck Disability Index (NDI) and were circulated. The questionnaires were shared with the students through electronic media and 108 subjects participated in it but only 100 were considered. The data were analysed using IBM SPSS 20.0 statistical software to correlate smartphone addiction scale and NDI. Spearman’s correlation test was performed to analyse the relationship between SAS-SV and NDI. Results: The Spearman correlation analysis clearly showed that there was a moderate positive correlation (r=0.682) between smartphone addiction and neck pain and neck disability in university students and the level of significance was p<0.01. Conclusion: This study concluded that longer use of smartphones would result in significant neck pain and disability. The students who were under the category of smartphone addicts would require ergonomic advice and education about the ill-effects of smartphone and the various musculoskeletal problems that may arise due to overuse.

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Smart phone usage and addiction among dental students in Saudi Arabia: a cross sectional study

International Journal of Adolescent Medicine and Health ◽

10.1515/ijamh-2016-0133 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 31 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Elluru Venkatesh ◽

Mohammad Yousef Al Jemal ◽

Abdullah Saleh Al Samani

Keyword(s):

Saudi Arabia ◽

Social Networking Sites ◽

High Stress ◽

Smart Phone ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Dental Students ◽

Smartphone Addiction ◽

Short Version ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional

Abstract Purpose The main aim of this research is to explore measures of smart phone usage, smart phone addiction, and their associations with demographic and health behavior-related variables among dental students in Saudi Arabia. Methods A Cross sectional study involving sample of 205 dental students from Qaseem Private College were surveyed for smart phone use and addiction using the short version of the Smartphone Addiction Scale for Adolescents (SAS-SV). Results Smart phone addiction was seen in 136 (71.9%) of the 189 students. The findings from our study revealed that high stress levels, low physical activity, higher body mass index (BMI), longer duration of smart phone usage, higher frequency of usage, shorter time period until first smart phone use in the morning and social networking sites (SNS) were associated significantly with the smart phone addiction. Conclusion The current research gives the information about the extent of smart phone over usage and addiction among the dental students in Saudi Arabia with indication of the predictors of addiction and the need for further research in the area with comprehensible interpretation to spread the awareness of the smart phone addiction.

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Temperament profile and its association with the vulnerability to smartphone addiction of medical students in Indonesia

10.1101/536474 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Enjeline Hanafi ◽

Kristiana Siste ◽

Tjhin Wiguna ◽

Irmia Kusumadewi ◽

Martina Wiwie Nasrun

Keyword(s):

Medical Students ◽

Simple Random Sampling ◽

Harm Avoidance ◽

Smartphone Addiction ◽

Novelty Seeking ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

High Exposure ◽

Substance Addiction ◽

Character Inventory ◽

Smartphone Use

AbstractTemperament profiles of an individual with high novelty seeking and low harm avoidance have been reported to be related to substance addiction, but smartphone addiction could be different from substance addiction. Medical students have high exposure to smartphone use. Screening their risk of smartphone addiction based on the temperament profile may help in deciding best prevention approach. This research aimed to examine the temperament profile and its association with vulnerability to smartphone addiction of medical students in Jakarta, Indonesia. The research was conducted with cross sectional design and simple random sampling. The Temperament and Character Inventory and the Smartphone Addiction Scale were used to measure desired outcomes. Logistic regression analysis was performed to identify the relationship between demographic factors, pattern of smartphone use, temperament type, and vulnerability to smartphone addiction. Of the 185 samples, most subjects have low novelty seeking, high reward dependence, and high harm avoidance. The average smartphone usage in a day was 7.94 hours (SD 3.92) with the initial age of smartphone usage was 7.58 years (SD 2.43). The respondents used smartphone for communication and accessing social media. High harm avoidance temperament was significantly associated with risk of smartphone addiction with OR 2.035; 95% CI 1.119 to 3.701). This study shows that smartphone addiction has similarities with other behavior addictions. Harm avoidance temperament is associated with the risk of smartphone addiction. Screening on risk of smartphone addiction based on temperament type should be done on medical students.

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Impact of smartphone use on quality of sleep among medical students

International Journal of Community Medicine and Public Health ◽

10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20175604 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

pp. 101 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Mahesh D. Kurugodiyavar ◽

Sushma H. R. ◽

Maneesha Godbole ◽

Manjunath S. Nekar

Keyword(s):

Medical Students ◽

Sleep Quality ◽

Smart Phone ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Hierarchical Regression ◽

Smartphone Addiction ◽

Poor Sleep ◽

Undergraduate Medical Students ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Smartphone Use

Background: Smartphone with its various functionalities has become an essential part of our daily activities and its use has been increasing. This has raised concern about its overuse and addiction especially in students. It is known that poor sleep is very common among medical students; there are many studies on sleep quality and its determinants in medical students but very few relating sleep quality and smartphone addiction. The main objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between smartphone use severity and sleep quality among medical students of KIMS, Hubballi. Methods: A cross‑sectional study on sample of 240 undergraduate medical students KIMS, Hubballi was conducted. Students were assessed using a self-administered questionnaire, Smart phone addiction scale (SAS) and Pittsburgh sleep quality inventory (PSQI). SAS score and PSQI scores were co-related. Hierarchical regression analyses were conducted to identify the variables independently associated with level of sleep quality. Results: Out of 240 subjects 117 (48.75%) were poor sleepers & 123 (51.25%) were good sleepers according to PSQI global sleep score. According to SAS score 123 (51.2%) were low users and 117 (48.75%) were high users of Smart phone. The mean (SD) PSQI global score was 4.8 (2.49) and mean (SD) SAS score was 102.93 (22.13). There was positive correlation between SAS score & PSQI score (r=0.343, p<0.001). Gender (β=0.141, p=0.021) & SAS score (β=0.292, p<0.001) were the significant predictors of global PSQI score. Conclusions: This study concludes that in medical students smartphone addiction affects sleep quality significantly and males are particularly more at risk of having poor sleep quality due to excessive smartphone use.

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Smartphone Addiction and its Associated Factors Among Freshmen Medical Students in China: A Cross-Sectional Study

10.21203/rs.3.rs-1071201/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Huan Liu ◽

Ming Zhang ◽

Zhiqing Zhou ◽

Ergang Zhu Zhu ◽

Long Huang

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Logistic Regression ◽

Regression Analysis ◽

Medical Students ◽

Professional Identity ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Smartphone Addiction ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Smartphone Use

Abstract Background With the widespread smartphone use worldwide, this has brought about addiction and smartphone addiction recognized as an emerging epidemic. The study aims to investigate the prevalence of smartphone addiction among freshmen medical students and explore its association with personal factors, mental health and professional identity.Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted in October 10th to November 10th, 2020 and included 2182 first-year college students at Wannan Medical College, China.The Smartphone Addiction Test, Professional identity, 12-item General Health Questionnaire were used in this cross-sectional survey. Pearson correlation analysis was performed to examine the correlations between smartphone addiction with mental health and professional identity. Binary logistic regression analysis was conducted to assess examine the factors influencing smartphone addiction.Results Of the 2182 students, 866(39.7%) were identified as smartphone addiction. The logistic regression analysis shows that four factors (professional identity scale,poor mental health,whether or not smartphone use before sleep, and perceived study pressure) had a significantly associated with smartphone addiction.Conclusions This cross-sectional study showed that smartphone addiction was common among the chinese freshmen medical students. smartphone addiction was common among the freshmen medical students surveyed.The findings suggest that the promotion program aimed at enhancing the mental health and professional identity among freshmen medical students are beneficial to reducing their smartphone addiction.

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