scholarly journals POTENSI SERAT DAN PULP BAMBU UNTUK KOMPOSIT PEREDAM SUARA

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (01) ◽  
Author(s):  
Theresia Mutia ◽  
Susi Sugesty ◽  
Henggar Hardiani ◽  
Teddy Kardiansyah ◽  
Hendro Risdianto
Keyword(s):  
Sound Absorption ◽  
Natural Fiber ◽  
Bamboo Fiber ◽  
Reference Frequency ◽  
Reinforced Composites ◽  
Synthetic Fibers ◽  
Sound Absorber ◽  
Cooking Process ◽  
Extractive Substances ◽  
Kraft Cooking

Natural fiber-reinforced composites can reduce the use of synthetic fibers and resins, making them more environmentally friendly. Bamboo fiber is a long fiber from non woody plant with a shorter growing season than wood. A study has been conducted to investigate the potential of bamboos, which are endemic in West Java, namely Tali bamboo (G. apus), Temen bamboo (G. pseudoarundinacea) and Haur bamboo/Green ampel (B. vulgaris v. Green), as sound absorber composite materials. Bamboo contains 21% - 22 % lignin, 44% - 53% alpha cellulose, 21% - 23% hemicelluloses, which makes it a potential pulp feedstock. Because of the adhesive nature of lignin, it is necessary to produce a pulp with a Kappa number of about 30 (+ 5% lignin). In accordance with bamboo characteristics, Tali bamboo requires less amount of cooking chemicals due to its lower contents of extractive substances and lignin, whereas Temen bamboo and especially Haur bamboo require more chemicals. Therefore, tali bamboo was chosen to produce pulp by Kraft cooking process. Subsequently, bamboo fiber was prepared by soda cooking process at the same conditions. Later on, some trial experiments with epoxy resin were performed to make sound absorber composites. The results show that at the reference frequency (5000 Hz) the pulp and bamboo fiber composites provide the maximum sound absorption coefficients (α) of 0.28 and 0.77, respectively. Hence, the composite meets the minimum standard of sound absorption coefficient of ISO 11654:1997 (α = 0.25). Moreover, the composite of epoxy and bamboo fiber is light (specific gravity <1) with an ability to reduce 97% of the sound at 2500 Hz.Keywords : fiber and pulp bamboo, nonwood, sound absorber composite, sound absorption coefficien  ABSTRAK Komposit berpenguat serat alam, dapat mengurangi pemakaian serat sintetis dan resin, sehingga lebih ramah lingkungan. Serat bambu termasuk serat panjang non kayu dengan masa tanam lebih singkat dibanding kayu. Penelitian terhadap bambu endemik Jawa Barat, yaitu bambu Tali (G. apus), Temen (G. pseudoarundinacea) dan Haur/Ampel hijau (B. vulgaris v. green), dilakukan untuk mengetahui potensinya sebagai komposit peredam suara. Dari hasil uji diketahui bahwa bambu tersebut mengandung lignin 21% - 22%, selulosa alfa 44% - 53% dan hemiselulosa 21% - 23%, serta merupakan serat panjang yang berpotensi untuk menghasilkan pulp yang baik. Lignin pada pulp untuk bahan komposit masih diperlukan, sehubungan dengan sifatnya sebagai perekat, sehingga dilakukan penelitian untuk menghasilkan pulp bambu dengan bilangan Kappa sekitar 30 (lignin + 5%). Atas dasar karakteristiknya, pemasakan bambu Tali akan memerlukan zat kimia yang terendah karena kandungan zat ekstraktif dan lignin yang lebih rendah, sedangkan bambu Temen dan terutama Haur sebaliknya memerlukan zat kimia yang lebih tinggi. Oleh karenanya dipilih bambu Tali untuk dilanjutkan pada pembuatan pulp dengan pemasakan proses Kraft dan untuk mendapatkan seratnya dilakukan pemasakan dengan proses soda pada kondisi sama, yang kemudian dilakukan uji coba pembuatan komposit peredam suara dengan resin epoksi. Dari hasil uji diketahui bahwa pada frekuensi acuan (5000 Hz) komposit pulp dan serat bambu memberikan koefisien serap bunyi maksimum (α) sebesar 0,28 dan 0,77, berarti dapat memenuhi standar minimal koefisien serap bunyi sesuai ISO 11654:1997 (α = 0,25), terutama komposit epoksi/serat bambu, karena mampu meredam suara sampai 97% pada frekuensi 2500 Hz, dan lebih ringan (berat jenisnya < 1).Kata kunci: serat dan pulp bambu, non kayu, komposit peredam suara, koefisien serap bunyi

scholarly journals Acoustic, Mechanical and Thermal Properties of Green Composites Reinforced with Natural Fibers Waste

Polymers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 654 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tufail Hassan ◽  
Hafsa Jamshaid ◽  
Rajesh Mishra ◽  
Muhammad Qamar Khan ◽  
Michal Petru ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Absorption Coefficient ◽  
Sound Absorption ◽  
Natural Fiber ◽  
Coefficient Of Thermal Expansion ◽  
The Other ◽  
Fiber Reinforced Composites ◽  
Sound Absorption Coefficient ◽  
Mechanical And Thermal Properties ◽  
Reinforced Composites ◽  
Fiber Reinforced

The use of acoustic panels is one of the most important methods for sound insulation in buildings. Moreover, it has become increasingly important to use green/natural origin materials in this area to reduce environmental impact. This study focuses on the investigation of acoustic, mechanical and thermal properties of natural fiber waste reinforced green epoxy composites. Three different types of fiber wastes were used, e.g., cotton, coconut and sugarcane with epoxy as the resin. Different fiber volume fractions, i.e., 10%, 15% and 20% for each fiber were used with a composite thickness of 3 mm. The sound absorption coefficient, impact strength, flexural strength, thermal conductivity, diffusivity, coefficient of thermal expansion and thermogravimetric properties of all samples were investigated. It has been found that by increasing the fiber content, the sound absorption coefficient also increases. The coconut fiber-based composites show a higher sound absorption coefficient than in the other fiber-reinforced composites. The impact and flexural strength of the cotton fiber-reinforced composite samples are higher than in other samples. The coefficient of thermal expansion of the cotton fiber-based composite is also higher than the other composites. Thermogravimetric analysis revealed that all the natural fiber-reinforced composites can sustain till 300 °C with a minor weight loss. The natural fiber-based composites can be used in building interiors, automotive body parts and household furniture. Such composite development is an ecofriendly approach to the acoustic world.

Effects of Matrix on Mechanical Property Test Bamboo Fiber Composite Materials

2005 ◽  
Vol 297-300 ◽  
pp. 1529-1533
Author(s):  
Jae Kyoo Lim ◽  
Jun Hee Song ◽  
Jun Yong Choi ◽  
Hyo Jin Kim
Keyword(s):  
Natural Fiber ◽  
Fiber Composite ◽  
Natural Fibers ◽  
Bamboo Fiber ◽  
Thermoplastic Composite ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Synthetic Fibers ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Fiber Composite Materials

In recent years, the use of natural fibers as reinforcements in polymer composites to replace synthetic fibers like glass is presently receiving increasing attention. Because of their increasing use combined with high demand, the cost of thermosetting resin has increased rapidly over the past decades. However the widely used synthetic fillers such as glass fiber are very expensive compared to natural fibers. Natural fiber-reinforced thermosetting composites are more economized to produce than the original thermosetting. Moreover the use of natural fiber in thermosetting composites is highly beneficial, because the use of natural fibers will be increased. In this study, a bamboo fiber-reinforced thermoplastic composite that made the RTM was evaluated to mechanical properties.

Correlation between Frequency and Sound Absorption Coefficient of Polymer Reinforced Natural Fibre

2015 ◽  
Vol 1112 ◽  
pp. 329-332 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Farid ◽  
Hosta Ardhyananta ◽  
Vania Mitha Pratiwi ◽  
Sri Pingit Wulandari
Keyword(s):  
Aspect Ratio ◽  
Absorption Coefficient ◽  
Sound Absorption ◽  
Natural Fiber ◽  
Average Diameter ◽  
Optical Microscope ◽  
Bamboo Fiber ◽  
Sound Absorption Coefficient ◽  
Ramie Fiber ◽  
Medium Frequency

Aspect ratio which is the ratio between the length and diameter of the fiber affects the sound absorption performance of the polymer reinforced natural fiber (ramie or bamboo fiber). The aim of this study is to choose the specific frequency –which is important for industrial application- to obtain an optimal sound absorption coefficient (α) by designing a certain aspect ratio.The acoustic was measured using impedance tube of The ASTM E- 1050=98 standard. Fiber length was 10 mm, while the diameter of the fiber was measured by using a digital optical microscope measurement with an average diameter of 110.4 microns. The morphology of the material was observed by using scanning electron microscope (SEM). Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy was used to identify the presence of certain functional groups in a molecule. The results indicated that the average of the sound absorption coefficient of the polymer reinforced ramie fiber reached 0,836 at low frequency of 125 Hz and 0,537 at medium frequency of 1000 Hz, and aspect ratio of 90, while the sound absorption coefficient of the polyester material reinforced bamboo fiber reached 0.973 at medium frequency of 1000 Hz.

Challenges on machining characteristics of natural fiber-reinforced composites – A review

2020 ◽  
pp. 073168442094077 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sonia S Raj Raj ◽  
J Edwin Raja Dhas ◽  
CP Jesuthanam
Keyword(s):  
Natural Fiber ◽  
Natural Fibers ◽  
Fiber Reinforced Composites ◽  
Green Economy ◽  
Reinforced Composites ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Synthetic Fibers ◽  
Reinforced Composite ◽  
Secondary Operations ◽  
New Generation

The emerging “green” economy is based on energy efficiency, renewable food stocks in polymeric products, industrial processes that reduce carbon emissions, and recyclable materials. Natural fiber is a type of renewable source and a new generation of reinforcements and integrators for polymer-based materials. Because of its advantages over synthetic fibers, the use of natural fibers as reinforcements in composite materials has become important in recent years. To meet certain design criteria, natural fiber-reinforced composites impose certain secondary operations during assembly. Limited literature is available only in connection with the processing of natural fiber-reinforced composites. This paper analyzes a comprehensive review of the natural fiber-reinforced composite processing literature along with the challenges during processing.

A Short Review on Jute Fiber Reinforced Composites

2021 ◽  
Vol 1019 ◽  
pp. 32-43
Author(s):  
Prashant B. Shelar ◽  
U. Narendra Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Natural Fiber ◽  
Natural Fibers ◽  
Short Review ◽  
Jute Fiber ◽  
Reinforced Composites ◽  
Construction Sector ◽  
Synthetic Fibers ◽  
Reinforced Composite ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Textile Sector

Composites have been used from very long time for solving technological problems withuse of Natural Fibers due to their unique, superior properties and light weight. Natural Fibers are nowa common material used and has created an impact in terms of product performance and their lightweight. Natural Fibers have created an enthusiasm and use of them has been increased to take overthe place of synthetic fibers in different fields. Jute fiber is assuring reinforcement in composite. Juteoneof the natural Fiber, is most promising and is readily available, degradable and possesses goodmechanical properties. This review is to provide a focus on Jute Fiber and its use different sectors suchas construction sector, automobile sector, textile sector, etc. In addition to this, it also gives basic ideaof Natural Fibers and their Reinforced Composite. This review provides an overview of importance ofthe factors to be considered when designing the composites which affects the mechanical properties.

scholarly journals Mechanical Characterization of Gigantochloa Scortechinii Bamboo Fiber with E-Glass/Epoxy Hybrid Composites

2021 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. 96-110
Author(s):  
Aidy Ali ◽  
Kannan Rassiah ◽  
M.M.H. Megat Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Hybrid Composite ◽  
Epoxy Polymer ◽  
Mechanical Characterization ◽  
Natural Fiber ◽  
Hybrid Composites ◽  
Bamboo Fiber ◽  
Reinforced Composites ◽  
Laminated Bamboo ◽  
Composite Layers

Natural fiber-reinforced composites are essential for the growth of polymer composite technology. The key goal of this study is to utilize the natural bamboo Gigantochloa scortechinii, which is obtained in Melaka, Malaysia. In this study, the mechanical properties of woven bamboo, epoxy polymer, and E-glass hybrid composite were characterized. Woven bamboo laminates were woven from bamboo strips, and the hybrid composites were obtained by manually stacking alternating 2-6 laminates of woven bamboo, E-glass, and epoxy. The findings show that increasing the woven bamboo layers from 2 to 6 did not improve the tensile strength, modulus, impact, and flexural strength. However, the hardness strength was increased. Overall, the minimum or maximum number of laminated bamboo fiber/E-glass/epoxy hybrid composite layers can be used in various product applications.

A novel approach to white liquor control in a continuous digester using the Box-Jenkins methodology to predict chip bulk density

TAPPI Journal ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 395-402
Author(s):  
FLÁVIO MARCELO CORREIA ◽  
JOSÉ VICENTE HALLAK D’ANGELO ◽  
SUELI APARECIDA MINGOTI
Keyword(s):  
Bulk Density ◽  
Moving Average ◽  
Pulp Mill ◽  
Statistical Decision ◽  
White Liquor ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Cooking Process ◽  
Eucalyptus Kraft Pulp ◽  
Relevant Variables ◽  
Kraft Cooking

Alkali charge is one of the most relevant variables in the continuous kraft cooking process. The white liquor mass flow rate can be determined by analyzing the chip bulk density fed to the process. At the mills, the total time for this analysis usually is greater than the residence time in the digester. This can lead to an increasing error in the mass of white liquor added relative to the specified alkali charge. This paper proposes a new approach using the Box-Jenkins methodology to develop a dynamic model for predicting chip bulk density. Industrial data were gathered on 1948 observations over a period of 12 months from a Kamyr continuous digester at a bleached eucalyptus kraft pulp mill in Brazil. Autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) models were evaluated according to different statistical decision criteria, leading to the choice of ARIMA (2,0,2) as the best forecasting model, which was validated against a new dataset gathered during 2 months of operations. A combination of predictors has shown more accurate results compared to those obtained by laboratory analysis, allowing a reduction of around 25% of the chip bulk density error to the alkali addition amount.

Information in United States Patents on works related to ‘Natural Fibers’: 2000-2018

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 4-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krittirash Yorseng ◽  
Mavinkere R. Sanjay ◽  
Jiratti Tengsuthiwat ◽  
Harikrishnan Pulikkalparambil ◽  
Jyotishkumar Parameswaranpillai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Composite Materials ◽  
Natural Fiber ◽  
Comprehensive Evaluation ◽  
Natural Fibers ◽  
Fiber Reinforced Composites ◽  
Reinforced Composites ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Macro Scale ◽  
Structural Applications

Background: This era has seen outstanding achievements in materials science through the advances in natural fiber-based composites. The new environmentally friendly and sustainability concerns have imposed the chemists, biologists, researchers, engineers, and scientists to discover the engineering and structural applications of natural fiber reinforced composites. Objective: To present a comprehensive evaluation of information from 2000 to 2018 in United States patents in the field of natural fibers and their composite materials. Methods: The patent data have been taken from the external links of US patents such as IFI CLAIMS Patent Services, USPTO, USPTO Assignment, Espacenet, Global Dossier, and Discuss. Results: The present world scenario demands the usage of natural fibers from agricultural and forest byproducts as a reinforcement material for fiber reinforced composites. Natural fibers can be easily extracted from plants and animals. Recently natural fiber in nanoscale is preferred over micro and macro scale fibers due to its superior thermo-mechanical properties. However, the choice of macro, micro, and nanofibers depends on their applications. Conclusion: This document presents a comprehensive evaluation of information from 2000 to 2018 in United States patents in the field of natural fibers and their composite materials.

scholarly journals Factors Affecting Acoustic Properties of Natural-Fiber-Based Materials and Composites: A Review

Textiles ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-85
Author(s):  
Tufail Hassan ◽  
Hafsa Jamshaid ◽  
Rajesh Mishra ◽  
Muhammad Qamar Khan ◽  
Michal Petru ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sound Absorption ◽  
Natural Fiber ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Fiber Type ◽  
Alkali Treatment ◽  
Acoustic Properties ◽  
Synthetic Fiber ◽  
Sound Insulation ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Wide Range

Recently, very rapid growth has been observed in the innovations and use of natural-fiber-based materials and composites for acoustic applications due to their environmentally friendly nature, low cost, and good acoustic absorption capability. However, there are still challenges for researchers to improve the mechanical and acoustic properties of natural fiber composites. In contrast, synthetic fiber-based composites have good mechanical properties and can be used in a wide range of structural and automotive applications. This review aims to provide a short overview of the different factors that affect the acoustic properties of natural-fiber-based materials and composites. The various factors that influence acoustic performance are fiber type, fineness, length, orientation, density, volume fraction in the composite, thickness, level of compression, and design. The details of various factors affecting the acoustic behavior of the fiber-based composites are described. Natural-fiber-based composites exhibit relatively good sound absorption capability due to their porous structure. Surface modification by alkali treatment can enhance the sound absorption performance. These materials can be used in buildings and interiors for efficient sound insulation.

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