Main aspects of etiopathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment of subhyaloid hemorrhages

Purpose. To present modern literature data on the main aspects of etiopathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment of subhyaloid hemorrhages. Material and methods. To perform the review, the search for literature sources on PubMed abstract databases was analyzed by the keywords «subhyaloid hemorrhages», «posterior hyaloidotomy» according to Russian publications on the topic of the article for the period up to 2020 inclusive. Results. Subhyaloid hemorrhage is a suspension of blood in a space bounded by a mesh membrane and a detached posterior hyaloid membrane. The most common cause of subhyaloid hemorrhages are retinal vascular diseases: diabetic retinopathy of the retina (30%), Valsalva hemorrhagic retinopathy (30%), central retinal vein thrombosis (20%). Subhyaloid hemorrhages are less common in hematological diseases, eye injury, rupture of the macroaneurysm, Terson syndrome. It has been established that the main complications due to untimely or inadequate treatment of subhyaloid hemorrhages are the formation of a premacular fibrous membrane, vitreoretinal fusion, traction retinal detachment, hemophthalmos, fibrosis and retinal atrophy, which require the right tactics in treatment. Conclusion. Thus, due to the prolonged presence of blood and fibrin in the premacular subhyaloidal space, there is a danger of mechanical and toxic effects on the retinal neuroepithelium of the macular region, which can lead to an irreversible decrease in visual functions. Key words: subhyaloid hemorrhages, Nd:YAG laser, posterior hyaloidotomy

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May-Thurner syndrome – Are we aware enough?

VASA ◽

10.1024/0301-1526/a000775 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 48 (5) ◽

pp. 381-388 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Katalin Mako ◽

Attila Puskas

Keyword(s):

Contraceptive Use ◽

Iliac Vein ◽

Common Iliac Vein ◽

Vein Thrombosis ◽

Compression Syndrome ◽

Threatening Condition ◽

Life Threatening ◽

Iliac Vein Compression ◽

Iliac Vein Compression Syndrome ◽

The Right

Summary. Iliac vein compression syndrome (May-Thurner syndrome – MTS) is an anatomically variable clinical condition in which the left common iliac vein is compressed between the right common iliac artery and the underlying spine. This anatomic variant results in an increased incidence of left iliac or iliofemoral vein thrombosis. It predominantly affects young women in the second or third decades of life with preponderance during pregnancy or oral contraceptive use. Although MTS is rare, its true prevalence is underestimated but it can be a life-threatening condition due to development of pulmonary embolism (PE). In this case based review the authors present three cases of MTS. All patients had been previously confirmed with PE, but despite they were admitted to hospital, diagnosed and correctly treated for PE and investigated for thrombophilia, the iliac vein compression syndrome was not suspected or investigated. With this presentation the authors would like to emphasize that MTS is mostly underdiagnosed, and it needs to be ruled out in left iliofemoral vein thrombosis in young individuals.

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Multidisciplinary Approach of a Very Rare Infected Verrucous Carcinoma of the Scrotum

Revista de Chimie ◽

10.37358/rc.19.4.7153 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 70 (4) ◽

pp. 1476-1478

Author(s):

Laura Raducu ◽

Adelaida Avino ◽

Cristina-Nicoleta Cozma ◽

Sorin Nedelea ◽

Andra-Elena Balcangiu-Stroescu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Adjuvant Therapy ◽

Rare Disease ◽

Chronic Inflammation ◽

Male Patient ◽

Multidisciplinary Approach ◽

Verrucous Carcinoma ◽

Surgical Excision ◽

Diagnosis And Treatment ◽

Wide Surgical Excision ◽

The Right

Verrucous carcinoma of the scrotum is an extremely rare disease and most cases are thought to result from poor hygiene and chronic inflammation. Currently, it has not been well characterized, the etiology, diagnosis and treatment remaining poorly understood. We present the case of a 50-year-old male patient diagnosed with verrucous carcinoma of the right hemiscrotum. Wide surgical excision was performed. Favorable outcomes can be achieved by surgery, even without any adjuvant therapy, but patients should be carefully followed up.

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Single center experience with ultrasound guided axillary vein port placement

The Journal of Vascular Access ◽

10.1177/11297298211008094 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 112972982110080

Author(s):

Patrick Tivnan ◽

Micaela Nannery ◽

Yan Epelboym ◽

Rajendran Vilvendhan

Keyword(s):

Demographic Data ◽

Axillary Vein ◽

Safe Procedure ◽

Ultrasound Guided ◽

Port Placement ◽

Chi Square ◽

Vein Thrombosis ◽

Single Center Experience ◽

Procedural Complications ◽

The Right

Purpose: To retrospectively review a single institution experience of ultrasound guided axillary vein port placement. Methods: In this retrospective study, a patient list was generated after searching our internal database from 1/1/2012 to 10/1/2018. Patients who had undergone axillary vein port placement were included. Chart review was performed to confirm approach, laterality and to gather demographic data, clinical indications, technical outcomes, and complications. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze this cohort. Chi-square statistics were used to compare outcomes by laterality. Results: Three hundred seven patients (51% female) with an average age of 58 years were included. The port was placed via the right axillary vein in 85% (261/307), predominantly for the indication of chemotherapy access (296/307). Technical success was achieved in all 307 cases. Peri procedural complications occurred in 1% (4/307) of cases and included port malpositioning requiring replacement and a case of port pocket hematoma. Post procedural complications including deep vein thrombosis and port malfunction occurred in 17% (52/307) of cases and port removal as a result of complication occurred in 9% (29/307) of cases. Conclusions: Ultrasound guided placement of an axillary port is a safe procedure to perform and demonstrates good clinical outcomes.

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MesoTIPS: Combined Approach for the Treatment of Portal Hypertension Secondary to Portal Vein Thrombosis – A Brief Report

The Arab Journal of Interventional Radiology ◽

10.1055/s-0041-1728964 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 01 (01) ◽

pp. 20-26

Author(s):

Abbas Chamsuddin ◽

Lama Nazzal ◽

Thomas Heffron ◽

Osama Gaber ◽

Raja Achou ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Portal Hypertension ◽

Portal Vein ◽

Portal Vein Thrombosis ◽

Transjugular Intrahepatic Portosystemic Shunt ◽

Portosystemic Shunt ◽

Vein Thrombosis ◽

Intrahepatic Portosystemic Shunt ◽

The Right ◽

Minilaparotomy Approach ◽

Mean Time

AbstractIntroduction: We describe a technique we call “Meso-transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (MTIPS)” for relief of portal hypertension secondary to portal vein thrombosis (PVT) using combined surgical and endovascular technique. Materials and Methods: Nine adult patients with PVT underwent transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt through a combined transjugular and mesenteric approach (MTIPS), in which a peripheral mesenteric vein was exposed through a minilaparotomy approach. The right hepatic vein was accessed through a transjugular approach. Mechanical thrombectomy, thrombolysis, and angioplasty were performed when feasible to clear PVT. Results: All patients had technically successful procedures. Patients were followed up for a mean time of 13.3 months (range: 8 days to 3 years). All patients are still alive and asymptomatic. Conclusion: We conclude that MTIPS is effective for the relief of portal hypertension secondary to PVT.

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Tubocutaneous Fistula

Case Reports in Obstetrics and Gynecology ◽

10.1155/2015/104360 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 2015 ◽

pp. 1-2

Author(s):

Krishnaveni Nayini ◽

Clive Gie

Keyword(s):

Early Diagnosis ◽

Pelvic Inflammatory Disease ◽

Inflammatory Disease ◽

Fistulous Tract ◽

Rare Condition ◽

Diagnosis And Treatment ◽

Case Presentation ◽

Child Birth ◽

The Right

Introduction. Tubocutaneous fistula is a very rare condition; most cases described in the literature are secondary to endometriosis, tuberculosis, and complications of child birth and gynecological operations.Case Presentation. We report a case of 40-year-old woman who presented with tubocutaneous fistula secondary to pelvic inflammatory disease which was diagnosed in the setting of persistent discharging wound in the right groin.Conclusion. Tubocutaneous fistula is a rare condition. Salpingectomy and resection of fistulous tract is the treatment of choice as is treating the underlying cause. Early diagnosis and treatment of these patients are essential for avoiding long term complications.

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An Unusual Presentation of Pyelonephritis: Is It COVID-19 Related?

SN Comprehensive Clinical Medicine ◽

10.1007/s42399-021-00909-0 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

L. J. van ‘t Hof ◽

L. Pellikaan ◽

D. Soonawala ◽

H. Roshani

Keyword(s):

Late Onset ◽

Blood Clot ◽

Time Frame ◽

Venous Occlusion ◽

Late Complications ◽

Organ Injury ◽

Vein Thrombosis ◽

Lower Back ◽

The Right ◽

Renal Infection

AbstractIn severe cases of COVID-19, late complications such as coagulopathy and organ injury are increasingly described. In milder cases of the disease, the exact time frame and causal path of late-onset complications have not yet been determined. Although direct and indirect renal injury by SARS-CoV-2 has been confirmed, hemorrhagic renal infection or coagulative problems in the urinary tract have not yet been described. This case report describes a 35-year-old female without relevant medical history who, five days after having recovered from infection with SARS-CoV-2, had an unusual course of acute pyelonephritis of the right kidney and persistent fever under targeted antibiotic treatment. A hemorrhagic ureteral obstruction and severe swollen renal parenchyma preceded the onset of fever and was related to the developing pyelonephritis. Sudden thrombotic venous occlusion in the right eye appeared during admission. Symmetrical paresthesia in the limbs in combination with severe lower back pain and gastro-intestinal complaints also occurred and remained unexplained despite thorough investigation. We present the unusual combination of culture-confirmed bacterial hemorrhagic pyelonephritis with a blood clot in the proximal right ureter, complicated by retinal vein thrombosis, in a patient who had recovered from SARS-CoV-2-infection five days before presentation. The case is suspect of a COVID-19-related etiology.

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Spontaneous Thrombosis of an Orbital Arteriovenous Malformation Revealing Hereditary Haemorrhagic Telangiectasia (Rendu-Osler-Weber Disease)

Interventional Neuroradiology ◽

10.1177/159101991101700411 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 17 (4) ◽

pp. 466-471 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

C. Van Went ◽

A. Ozanne ◽

G. Saliou ◽

G. Dethorey ◽

I. De Monchy ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Visual Acuity ◽

Intraocular Pressure ◽

Arteriovenous Malformation ◽

Genetic Disorder ◽

Hereditary Haemorrhagic Telangiectasia ◽

Spontaneous Thrombosis ◽

Vein Thrombosis ◽

Recurrent Epistaxis ◽

The Right ◽

Central Retinal Vein

Hereditary Haemorrhagic Telangiectasia (HHT) is a genetic disorder responsible for cutaneous or mucosal telangiectasia and arteriovenous malformations (AVMs). The most frequent locations are lung and brain. In contrast, orbital AVMs are very rare. We describe a case of symptomatic orbital arteriovenous malformation due to spontaneous thrombosis. A 65-year-old woman was referred for chronic right eye proptosis associated with dilation of conjunctival vessels with a jellyfish pattern. Right visual acuity was 20/40 and intraocular pressure was 40 mmHg. Personal and familial history of recurrent epistaxis, associated with multiple telangiectasia within lips and palate, led to the diagnosis of HHT. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) completed with cerebral angiography found a giant and occluded AVM within the right orbit. Other AVMs were also found in brain and chest, confirming the diagnosis. Antiglaucomatous eyedrops were added to reduce intraocular pressure and a steroid therapy was begun. Two months later, visual acuity decreased in the right eye, due to a central retinal vein thrombosis. In conclusion, Most brain or pulmonary AVM can be treated by embolization. By contrast, this treatment in case of orbital location can lead to central retinal artery and/or central retinal vein occlusion, which may also appear as a spontaneous complication of the orbital AVM. Therapeutic management of orbital AVM is thus not standardized, and the balance between spontaneous and iatrogenic risk of visual loss has to be taken into account.

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May-Thurner Syndrome Is Aggravated by Pregnancy

Medicina ◽

10.3390/medicina57030222 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 57 (3) ◽

pp. 222

Author(s):

Kuntharee Traisrisilp ◽

Manatsawee Manopunya ◽

Tanop Srisuwan ◽

Wisit Chankhunaphas ◽

Theera Tongsong

Keyword(s):

Conservative Treatment ◽

Renal Agenesis ◽

Iliac Vein ◽

Vein Thrombosis ◽

Left Lower Extremity ◽

Asymptomatic Patients ◽

Pregnancy And Postpartum ◽

Anticoagulant Prophylaxis ◽

The Right ◽

Deep Vein

This study aims to emphasize that asymptomatic patients with undiagnosed and asymptomatic May-Thurner syndrome (MTS) may firstly develop severe compression during pregnancy. A 40-year-old woman, G1P0, at 22 weeks of twin gestation presented with left lower extremity edema and pain. One twin was structurally normal while the other had bilateral renal agenesis with oligohydramnios. Magnetic resonance venography (MRV) revealed severe compression of the left iliac vein by the right iliac artery without evidence of deep vein thrombosis (DVT). Conservative treatment with anticoagulant prophylaxis was instituted throughout the rest of pregnancy and postpartum period. She was also complicated with severe pre-eclampsia, a cesarean section was performed due to a prolapsed cord at 27 weeks of gestation, and she gave birth to a surviving baby weighing 1100 g. In conclusion, this case report provides evidence that pregnancy can disclose a subtle May-Thurner anatomy to be symptomatic without DVT. Successful pregnancy outcomes could be achieved with conservative treatment and anticoagulant prophylaxis.

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Role of laparoscopic in diagnosis and treatment of undescended testis in children at Viet Duc Hospital

Vietnam Journal of Endolaparoscopic Surgery ◽

10.51199/vjsel.2018.4.1 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 8 (4) ◽

Author(s):

Viet Hoa Nguyen

Keyword(s):

Laparoscopic Surgery ◽

Undescended Testis ◽

Correct Diagnosis ◽

Diagnosis And Treatment ◽

Highly Sensitive ◽

The Mean ◽

The Right ◽

Time Of Operation

Abstract Introduction: Evaluating the role of laparoscopic for diagnosis and treatment of undescended testis in children. Material and Methods: Restrospective study, between 6/ 2014 and 6/2017. All the patients are aged from 1 to 16 years with undescended testis underwent laparoscopic surgery for diagnosis and treatment in Deparment of pediatric surgery – Viet Duc hospital enrolled. Results: Of 95 patiens in total had 106 undescended testis diagnosed and treated by laparoscopy. The mean age of patients was 7,5 ± 3,8 years. 44,2% undescended were on the left side, 44,2% were on the right and 11,6% were undescended bilateral. The correct diagnosis by ultrasound accounted in 79,4%. The locations of testis diagnosed by laparoscopic are : intra abdomen in 45,3%, deep inguinal orifice in 16,9%, extra inguinal orifice in 26,4%, no testicle found in 11,4%. The mean time of operation were 67,33± 28,01 pht. Scrotal positions were achieved 74,5%, remove atrophic testis accounted in 7,6%. Stephen- Flowler technique including step I were in 4,7%, step II in 1,9%. The outcome evaluated by testicular positions following 3 months after operation are : good in 79,2%, moderate 13,2%, poor in 7,6%; By classification of Aubert are : good in 81,1%, moderate in 11,3% and poor in 7,6 %. Conclusion: Laparoscopic surgery is not only a highly sensitive diagnostic method to find accurately the location and size of the testes, but also the most effective method to treat impalpable undescended testes.

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An Infant with COVID-19-Associated Intussusception

The American Surgeon ◽

10.1177/00031348211047456 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 000313482110474

Author(s):

Gwyneth A. Sullivan ◽

Nicholas J. Skertich ◽

Kody B. Jones ◽

Michael Williams ◽

Brian C. Gulack ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Computed Tomography ◽

Abdominal Pain ◽

Lymphoid Hyperplasia ◽

Computed Tomography Scan ◽

Ileocolic Intussusception ◽

Common Cause ◽

Caregiver Education ◽

Intermittent Abdominal Pain ◽

The Right ◽

Tomography Scan

Intussusception is the most common cause of bowel obstruction in infants four to ten months old and is commonly idiopathic or attributed to lymphoid hyperplasia. Our patient was a 7-month-old male who presented with two weeks of intermittent abdominal pain associated with crying, fist clenching and grimacing. Ultrasound demonstrated an ileocolic intussusception in the right abdomen. Symptoms resolved after contrast enemas, and he was discharged home. He re-presented similarly the next day and was found to be COVID-19 positive. Computed tomography scan demonstrated a left upper quadrant ileal-ileal intussusception. His symptoms spontaneously resolved, and he was discharged home. This suggests that COVID-19 may be a cause of intussusception in infants, and infants presenting with intussusception should be screened for this virus. Additionally, recurrence may happen days later at different intestinal locations. Caregiver education upon discharge is key to monitor for recurrence and need to return.

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