scholarly journals Opis struktur syntaktycznych we wczesnych pracach Zenona Klemensiewicza i Noama Chomskiego

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-80
Author(s):  
Andrey Babanov ◽  
◽  
Ilia Afanasev ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Syntactic Structures ◽  
Generative Linguistics ◽  
Noam Chomsky ◽  
Language Studies ◽  
Structural Linguistics ◽  
Polish Language ◽  
One Step

Description of syntactic structures in the early works of Zenon Klemensiewicz and Noam Chomsky The article focuses on the early works of Z. Klemensiewicz (mostly Składnia opisowa współczesnej polszczyzny kulturalnej, 1937), and N. Chomsky (mainly Syntactic Structures, 1957). These authors come from different linguistic paradigms: structural linguistics, and generative linguistics, respectively. Despite that, their ideas have strong similarities, and although there is no reason to consider Klemensiewicz’s work as a direct inspiration for Chomsky, it seems quite reasonable to argue that different schools of linguistic thought were at times literally one step away from pioneering the generative paradigm. Keywords: Polish language studies, generative linguistics, N. Chomsky, Z. Klemensiewicz, structural linguistics

scholarly journals An Introduction to Halliday’s Systemic Functional Linguistics

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 70
Author(s):  
Wael Abdulrahman Almurashi
Keyword(s):  
Systemic Functional Linguistics ◽  
Applied Linguistics ◽  
Functional Linguistics ◽  
Generative Linguistics ◽  
Noam Chomsky

<p>Numerous theories have been successful in accounting for aspects of language. One of the most substantial theories is Halliday's Systemic Functional Linguistics (often SFL), which has been employed in the literature on linguistics and applied linguistics. This paper aims to introduce Halliday's SFL with a focus on an overview of SFL as a linguistic tradition largely developed by Michael Alexander Kirkwood Halliday (often M.A.K. Halliday). Furthermore, this introduction compares SFL to other linguistic traditions, such as the transformational generative linguistics represented by Noam Chomsky and Bloomfield's structural tradition. This research also explains the key elements of SFL, SFL as an applicable tradition, examples of the value of applying SFL in detail, and finally, presents the benefits associated with working with SFL as a communicative motivation in learning a language.</p>

Brief Reviews - Regional Language Studies in Newfoundland, ed. William Kirwin. St. John’s: Department of English Language and Literature, Memorial University of Newfoundland. - Problèmes de Sémantique, rédaction par Judith McA’Nulty. Cahier de Linguistique No. 2. Montréal: Les Presses de L’Université du Québec, 1973. Pp. 252. - Odawa Language Project: Second Report, ed. Glyne L. Piggott and Jonathan Kaye. (Linguistic Series No. 1). Centre for Linguistic Studies, University of Toronto, 1973. Pp. iii + 319. - A User’s Guide to the Phonological Calculator, by P. H. Roosen-Runge and Jonathan Kaye. (Linguistic Series No. 2). Centre for Linguistic Studies, University of Toronto, 1973. Pp. 90. - A Catalog of Dictionaries: English Language, American Indian and Foreign Languages, by Jean Hamer. The Louis E. Kahn Collection. Cincinnati: Department of Rare Books and Special Collections, Public Library, 1972. Pp. xi + 94. $1.95. - Annotated Bibliography of Southern American English, by James B. McMillan. Florida: U. of Miami Press, 1971. Pp. 173. - A Bibliography of the Sanskrit Texts of the Saddharmapundarikasutra, by Akira Yuyama. Canberra: Australian National U. Press, 1970. Pp. xxxv + 115. $6.10. - Principles and Methods of Contemporary Structural Linguistics, (Janua Linguarum, Series Minor, 144) by Ju. D. Apresjan. Trans. Dina B. Crockett. The Hague: Mouton, 1973. Pp. 349. - An Introduction to Generative Grammar, by Nicholas Ruwet. Trans. N. S. H. Smith. Amsterdam: North-Holland Publishing Co., 1973. (North Holland Linguistic Series, 7). Pp. xv + 372. $27.50 (cloth), $18.25 (paper).

1975 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 233-237
Author(s):  
J. K. Chambers
Keyword(s):  
English Language ◽  
Public Library ◽  
University Of Toronto ◽  
Special Collections ◽  
Regional Language ◽  
Language Studies ◽  
North Holland Publishing ◽  
Language And Literature ◽  
Structural Linguistics ◽  
Southern American English

Meaning and Grammar in the light of Corpus Pattern Analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick Hanks ◽  
Wulin Ma
Keyword(s):  
Pattern Analysis ◽  
Word Meaning ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Word Use ◽  
Bilingual Dictionary ◽  
Generative Linguistics ◽  
English Grammar ◽  
Noam Chomsky ◽  
Target Languages ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract This article presents an interview with Professor Patrick Hanks, a British lexicographer and corpus linguist, who proposes a new approach – a corpus-driven, phraseological approach – to lexicography. Hanks has developed a procedure called Corpus Pattern Analysis (CPA), which is the foundation of The Pattern Dictionary of English Verbs (in progress). The basic aim of CPA is to explore the relationship between word meaning and patterns of word use. Hanks maintains that the verb is ‘the pivot of the clause’. Verb meanings – or, rather, the meanings of clauses – are mapped onto phraseological patterns, rather than just being listed for words in isolation. Associated with this is the Theory of Norms and Exploitations (TNE), which was discussed in his monograph published by MIT Press in 2013. In this interview, Professor Hanks outlines his vision of a phraseological dictionary of the future (an alternative to WordNet). He discusses meaning and grammar in the light of Corpus Pattern Analysis. Specifically, he explains the procedure of Corpus Pattern Analysis, and the objectives of the Pattern Dictionary of English Verbs (PDEV), including the light that such work can shed on the relationship between language and logic. He discusses the relationship between PDEV and English grammar, his evaluation of generative linguistics, and his views on Noam Chomsky. He also highlights the contributions made by linguists of the past to the understanding of the nature of meaning in language. He goes on to suggest that any new bilingual dictionary with Chinese as a source language should be based on careful analyses of actual language use, both in Chinese and in the various target languages.

scholarly journals APLIKASI TEORI GENERATIF-TRANSFORMASI DALAM PEMBELAJARAN BAHASA ARAB DI PONDOK PESANTREN NURUSSALAM KRAPYAK YOGYAKARTA

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (02) ◽  
pp. 155-171
Author(s):  
Muhamad Ali Abdul Basit ◽  
Rahma Putri Kholfatul Ummah
Keyword(s):  
Linguistic Theory ◽  
Standard Theory ◽  
Generative Learning ◽  
Language Competence ◽  
Generative Linguistics ◽  
Noam Chomsky ◽  
Communication Competencies ◽  
Written Sources

ABSTRACT   This research is aimed at discussing transformative generative linguistic concepts and their applications in learning Arabic. The author limits this research to the discussion of standard theory or the standard theory of generative linguistics founded by Noam Chomsky. The form of this research is qualitative while the method used is documentary by searching, collecting and analyzing written sources. The analysis was carried out descriptively to describe the object. The results of the research obtained are the application of transformative generative standard theory manifested in the form of defining language as a system internalized in individual language users so that Arabic learning is carried out based on grammar (nahwu). Learning Arabic is oriented to form broad communication competencies with grammar as the foundation. Arabic learners are directed to be individuals who are active in developing the potential of language that exists in themselves in the form of language competence (Kafa'ah al lughah) which includes grammatical, sociocultural, discourse and strategic competency. Keyword: linguistic theory, transformative generative, learning Arabic

scholarly journals STRUKTURALISME, POST-STRUKTURALISME DAN NEO-STRUKTURALISME

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
ELS JISH
Keyword(s):  
Daily Activity ◽  
Literary Work ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
Language And Culture ◽  
Ferdinand De Saussure ◽  
Noam Chomsky ◽  
Literary Research ◽  
Fields Of Study ◽  
Language And Literature ◽  
Structural Linguistics

Structuralism in Europe developed in the early 1900s, mainly in France and Russian Empire, in the structural linguistics of Ferdinand de Saussure and the subsequent Prague, Moscow and Copenhagen schools of linguistics. In the late 1950s and early 1960s, when structural linguistics were facing serious challenges from the likes of Noam Chomsky and thus fading in importance, an array of scholars in the humanities borrowed Saussure's concepts for use in their respective fields of study. Structuralism in literature can provide the way to understand the culture as Rahman &amp; Letlora (2018) stated that Language and culture are two important elements which cannot be separated each other. Language is a medium of communication to acquire the information of culture and others. Communication in daily activity especially in Indonesian tradition which include many expression and idioms in order to strengthen the tradition itself such as ‘maulid nabi’ (Rahman, 2017). Based on Rahman’s research, there is a relation between language and literature. Rahman (2020) stated that literature is an identity which referred to ethno-literature. Literature is a source of learning and entertainment for readers (Rahman, Amir P., &amp; Tammasse, 2019). One of literary work that interesting and has important role in literary research is Shakespeare’s writing as Rahman &amp; Weda (2019) in their research regarding linguistics deviation and rhetoric figures in Shakespeare’s selected plays.

Syntactic Structures. Noam Chomsky

1958 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 229-231 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. F. Voegelin
Keyword(s):  
Syntactic Structures ◽  
Noam Chomsky

scholarly journals Profesor Zenon Klemensiewicz jako redaktor „Języka Polskiego”

LingVaria ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (28) ◽  
Author(s):  
Piotr Żmigrodzki
Keyword(s):  
Discourse Analysis ◽  
Linguistic Community ◽  
Official Publication ◽  
Text Linguistics ◽  
Society Of Friends ◽  
Generative Linguistics ◽  
Plane Crash ◽  
Polish Language ◽  
The 1960S

Professor Zenon Klemensiewicz as the Editor of “Język Polski” The paper presents the activity and achievements of Professor Zenon Klemensiewicz as the editor of the “Język Polski” journal (‘The Polish Language’), the official publication of The Society of Friends of the Polish Language (Towarzystwo Miłośników Języka Polskiego). Klemensiewicz became the editor in the end of 1958, and performed his duties until his death in a plane crash, on April 2, 1969. The author identifies the most important of Klemensiewicz’s achievements at the position of the editor: the extension of the editorial board of the journal, the introduction of new authors and numerous papers representing the most recent (in the 1960s) linguistic trends, such as structural and generative linguistics, text linguistics, press discourse analysis, as well as the increase of the circulation of the journal and its importance for the Polish linguistic community as well as for other groups of its readers.

scholarly journals Początki językoznawstwa polonistycznego na Uniwersytecie Poznańskim

LingVaria ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alicja Pihan-Kijasowa
Keyword(s):  
Literary Theory ◽  
Literature And Linguistics ◽  
Polish Literature ◽  
Language Studies ◽  
Language And Literature ◽  
History Of ◽  
Polish Language ◽  
New Generation ◽  
And Linguistics ◽  
Theory Of Literature

The Origins of Polish Language Studies at Poznań University Linguistic studies on the Polish language and literature were first conducted at the Faculty of Philosophy of Poznań University (established in 1919). Studies on literary theory were pursued in the Department of History of Polish Literature, whereas linguistic studies in the Department of Slavic Philology and Indo-European Linguistics. Initially, these studies were supervised by scholars who came from the Jagiellonian University in Cracow: Mikołaj Rudnicki and Tadeusz Lehr-Spławiński, as well as Stanisław Dobrzycki who was active in two fields, theory of literature and linguistics. It was only in 1922 that the Department of the Polish Language was established thanks to the efforts of Edward Klich, who also came from Cracow. At first, Polish language studies at Poznań University concentrated on two fields: onomastics (with components of etymology), and dialectology. More comprehensive research was conducted since the establishment of the Department of the Polish Language which was joined by a new generation of linguists, including graduates of Poznań University.

scholarly journals Określenia chorób w dziewiętnastowiecznym poradniku medycznym Józefa Zmijewskiego

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 35-48
Author(s):  
Anna Paluszak-Bronka ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Relationships ◽  
Patient Characteristics ◽  
General Character ◽  
Medical Terminology ◽  
Internal Organs ◽  
Slavic Languages ◽  
Structural Linguistics ◽  
Polish Language ◽  
Disease Entities ◽  
Medical Dictionary

This article characterizes disease entities noted in medical handbook “Method of curing with the means not used before” […], written by Józef Zmijewski in 1888 in terms of semantics, genetic relationships and structural linguistics. These disease entities have been derived from the source text because of their general character meaning they can be used to define many diseases. The terms characterize diseases based on their place and method of origin, the course of the disease, impairment of psychological functions, tissues and internal organs. They also indicate patient characteristics like age and sex. Many of these terms are noted in Polish dictionary of medical terminology from 1881 (46.9%) and in Polish medical dictionary from 1905 (40.6%) but they gain medical meaning only when used with words such as: choroba [-y], cierpienie [-a], dolegliwość [-i] or with specific names of disease entities, e.g.: skórne choroby, cierpienia nerwowe, dolegliwości moczowe, febra zastarzała, tryper zastarzały, febra starcza. Most names are native units (84.4%). These are words inherited form pre-Slavic languages or created based on polish language, e.g.: dziedziczny, gorączkowy, piorunujący, sercowy, dziecięcy, kobiecy. Only 15.6% pf the terms are based on other linguistic roots, e.g. gastryczny, chroniczny, epidemiczny. Majority of these terms are one-word structures (93.75%) expressed by adjectives and adjectival participles (90.6%), ending with -ny, -owy, -ty. As an exception there is a noun in genitive: (choroby) skóry. Only 6.25% are pronominal expressions: (choroby) z ojca; z rodziców.

Classical Generative Morphology

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pius ten Hacken
Keyword(s):  
Generative Grammar ◽  
Subject Field ◽  
Generative Linguistics ◽  
Noam Chomsky ◽  
Prominent Component ◽  
Blocking Effects ◽  
Rule Application ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Rewrite Rules ◽  
Bracketing Paradoxes

The scope of classical generative morphology is not clearly determined. All three components need clarification. The boundaries of what counts as generative linguistics are not unambiguously set, but it can be assumed that all generative work in linguistics is inspired by the work of Noam Chomsky. Morphology was a much more prominent component of linguistic theory in earlier approaches, but of course the subject field had to be accounted for also in generative linguistics. The label classical can be seen as restricting the scope both to the more mainstream approaches and to a period that ends before the present. Here, the early 1990s will be taken as the time when classical theorizing gave way to contemporary generative morphology. In the earliest presentations of generative linguistics, there was no lexicon. The introduction of the lexicon made many of the ideas formulated before obsolete. Chomsky’s Lexicalist Hypothesis provided the basis for a new start of research in morphology. Two contrasting elaborations appeared in the early 1970s. Halle proposed a model based on the combination of morphemes, Jackendoff one based on the representation and analysis of full words. Against this background, a number of characteristic issues were discussed in the 1970s and 1980s. One such issue was the form of rules. Here there was a shift from transformations to rewrite rules. This shift can be seen particularly well in the discussion of verbal compounds, e.g., truck driver. The question whether and how morphology should be distinguished from syntax generated a lot of discussion. Another broad question was the degree to which rules of morphology should be thought of as operating in separate components. This can be observed in the issue of the distinction of inflection and derivation and in level ordering. The latter was a proposal to divide affixes into classes with different phonological and other effects on the base they attach to. A side effect of level ordering was the appearance of bracketing paradoxes, where, for instance, generative grammarian has a phonological constituent grammarian but a semantic constituent generative grammar. Another aspect of rule application which can be constructed as a difference between morphology and syntax is productivity. In general, syntactic rules are more productive and morphological rules display blocking effects, where, for instance, unpossible is blocked by the existence of impossible. Being classical, much of the discussions in this period serves as a shared background for the emergence and discussion of current generative approaches in morphology. The transition to these theories started in the 1990s, although some of them appeared only in the early 2000s.

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