Associations of separate working memory parameters with apolipoprotein E gene polymorphism in Siberian adolescents: a population study

2020 ◽  
pp. 43-45
Author(s):  
А.В. Суханов ◽  
А.А. Гуражева ◽  
Д.В. Денисова ◽  
В.Н. Максимов
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Working Memory ◽  
Cognitive Functions ◽  
The State ◽  
Apoe Gene ◽  
Adolescent Population ◽  
Apolipoprotein E Gene ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
E4 Allele

Ген APOE - это один из наиболее известных генов, ассоциированных с развитием как сердечно-сосудистых, так и нейродегенеративных заболеваний центральной нервной системы, сопровождающихся нарушением когнитивных функций (КФ). В ходе настоящего исследования изучены ассоциации аллелей гена APOE с нарушением КФ у подростков г. Новосибирска. Состояние КФ было оценено у 231 мальчика (42,1%) и у 318 девочки (57,9%). Их средний возраст составил 15,66 ± 0,9 года. Выявлено, что наличие аллеля Е4 оказывает негативное влияние на состояние рабочей памяти уже в подростковом возрасте. The APOE gene is one of the most famous genes associated with the development of both cardiovascular diseases and neurodegenerative diseases of the central nervous system, accompanied by impaired cognitive functions. In the course of this study, the associations of APOE gene alleles with cognitive functions violation in the adolescent population of Novosibirsk were studied. The state of cognitive functions was evaluated in 231 boys (42.1%) and 318 girls (57.9%). Their average age was 15.66 ± 0.9 years. It was revealed that the presence of the E4 allele of the APOE gene has a negative effect on the state of working memory even in adolescence.

Bone-brain crosstalk and potential associated diseases

2016 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Audrey Rousseaud ◽  
Stephanie Moriceau ◽  
Mariana Ramos-Brossier ◽  
Franck Oury
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Brain Development ◽  
Cognitive Functions ◽  
Intimate Relationship ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Reciprocal Relationships ◽  
Skeletal Homeostasis ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
The Brain

AbstractReciprocal relationships between organs are essential to maintain whole body homeostasis. An exciting interplay between two apparently unrelated organs, the bone and the brain, has emerged recently. Indeed, it is now well established that the brain is a powerful regulator of skeletal homeostasis via a complex network of numerous players and pathways. In turn, bone via a bone-derived molecule, osteocalcin, appears as an important factor influencing the central nervous system by regulating brain development and several cognitive functions. In this paper we will discuss this complex and intimate relationship, as well as several pathologic conditions that may reinforce their potential interdependence.

Takata-Aga reaction in the study of cerebrospinal fluid

1927 ◽  
Vol 23 (11) ◽  
pp. 1182-1182
Author(s):  
D. K. Bogoroditsky
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Acid Solution ◽  
Test Tube ◽  
The State ◽  
The Central Nervous System

The technique of this reaction, suggested by two Japanese authors, Takata and Aga, in 1926, consists in adding 1 drop of a 10% Na carbonici solution and 0.3 of a freshly prepared mixture of equal parts 0.5% sulfa solution and 0.02% fuchsin (non-acid) solution to 1 cc of liquid. The mixture is shaken well and left in a test tube, and examined now after shaking, after h, after h, and after 24 h. Having tested this reaction in 60 patients, D.K. Bogoroditsky found that it is a very subtle indicator of the state of the central nervous system.

scholarly journals Diagnostics and Neuropsychological Correction of Children with Neurosis-Like Enuresis and Encopresis

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-62
Author(s):  
D. Bereskin
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Cognitive Functions ◽  
Motor Coordination ◽  
Diagnostic Techniques ◽  
Temporal Organization ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Spatio Temporal ◽  
Different Characteristics ◽  
Functional Indices

The experience of a work with a group of children with enuresis (six patients) and encopresis (one patient) both of residual-organic origin is analyzed in this article. Work included psychological diagnostic techniques and psychological correction. Psychological diagnostic evaluation was directed to the measurements of different characteristics of sensorimotor reactions, memory, attention and cognitive functions. Functional characteristics of the central nervous system in children with enuresis and encopresis were approximated to those recorded in their healthy peers, while the cognitive functions in present group of children were lower. Psychological correction has included neuropsychological methods, which were aimed at the development of: visual-motor coordination, spatio-temporal organization relations and logic constructions understanding. Based on children's and parent's self-reports and based on medical records also it can be assumed that proposed psychological correction can be effective in enuresis and encopresis in children with similar characteristics, which can be observed. The significance of the functional indices evaluation of the central nervous system by measuring various characteristics of sensorimotor reactions substantiate by results obtained.

The role of metabolites and the role of histo-hematological barriers in the regulation of body functions. (End)

1937 ◽  
Vol 33 (5) ◽  
pp. 523-532
Author(s):  
L. S. Stern
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
General Circulation ◽  
Physiological State ◽  
The State ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Physiological Systems

Evaluation of the results obtained in the study of the effect of cerebrospinal fluid on various physiological systems is complicated by the fact that the composition of the cerebrospinal fluid depends to a large extent on the state of the blood-brain barrier, and thus reflects not only a certain physiological state of the central nervous system. There is no doubt that the metabolic products of the brain, secreted into the cerebrospinal fluid, exert their effect not only on the activity of various parts of the brain and on the coordination of their functions, but due to the rapid transition of these substances from the cerebrospinal fluid into the general circulation, they also affect as a humoral a factor on the function of other physiological systems, as it was revealed in a number of experiments carried out in recent years in our laboratories. For example, it turned out that under various influences (direct irritation of the central nervous system in experimental epilepsy, irritation of the sensory nerves associated with severe pain, traumatic shock, toxemic or chemical shock, as well as starvation, prolonged insomnia, etc.) - substances appear in the cerebrospinal fluid that affect the state and activity of the cardiovascular system, the tone of smooth muscles, the excitability of the central nervous system, etc. These are the results of the work of our employees: Zeitlin, Weiss, Harles, Voskresensky, Gromakovskaya , Bazarova, Gotsman, Komarova and others. Work in this direction continues at the present time.

Morphofunctional Indicators of the Effects of Protons on the Central Nervous System

2019 ◽  
pp. 75-81
Author(s):  
К. Ляхова ◽  
K. Lyakhova ◽  
И. Колесникова ◽  
I. Kolesnikova ◽  
Д. Утина ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Purkinje Cells ◽  
Hippocampal Neurons ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Early Period ◽  
The State ◽  
High Plasticity ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Accelerated Protons

Purpose: Investigation of the dose–time–effect dependency of the behavior of mice and rats after irradiation with accelerated protons and comparison of these data with the morphological changes in the hippocampus and the cerebellum of rodents. Material and methods: Experiments were performed on outbred adult female ICR mice (CD-1), SPF categories, body weight 30–35 g, of the age of 10 weeks – total number 61 animals, and on 39 male Sprague Dawley outbred rats weighing 190–230 g, aged 6.5–7.5 weeks. The animals were irradiated with accelerated protons with energy of 70 MeV on the medical beam of the phasotron of the Joint Institute for Nuclear Research (Dubna). Mice were placed in individual containers and irradiated 4 ones at a time. Irradiation was performed in a modified Bragg peak at doses of 0.5; 1; 2.5 and 5 Gy in caudocranial and craniocaudal direction. Rats were divided into 2 groups: intact control and group irradiated with 170 MeV protons at a dose of 1 Gy, dose rate of 1 Gy / min in the craniocaudal direction. The behavioral responses of experimental animals were tested in the Open Field test on days 1, 7, 14, 30, 90 in rats and on days 8, 30, and 90 in mice. Quantitative analysis of the dilution of Purkinje cells in the rat cerebellum was made, as well as morphological changes in the rat hippocampal neurons. It was shown a development of structural changes after irradiation with protons in neurons of different severity at different times after exposure: after 30 and 90 days. Results: In the period of 1–8 days after proton irradiation of mice and rats in non-lethal doses (0.5–5.0 Gy), there is a dose-independent decrease in the main indicators of the spontaneous locomotor activity of rodents. By the 90th day after irradiation, there is a clear tendency to normalize the indicators of OIR in all groups of irradiated animals, while the ES remains elevated. Disruption of motor activity of rodents irradiated with protons in the early period and its relative normalization in the late post-irradiation period occur on the background of an increased number of morphologically altered and dystrophic neurons in the hippocampus and rarefied of Purkinje cells in the cerebellum. Conclusion: The complex hierarchical structure of the central nervous system, the dependence of its function on the state of the whole organism and its hormonal background, as well as on the state of the blood supply and other factors, along with its high plasticity, require complex physiological, morphological and neurochemical approaches in analyzing the radiobiological effect of corpuscular radiation, taking into consideration the unevenness in dose distribution during irradiation.

scholarly journals Age-specific involutive characteristics of cognitive functions

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 21-26
Author(s):  
Simerzin VV ◽  
Fatenkov OV ◽  
Panisheva YaA ◽  
Galkina MA ◽  
Gagloev AV
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Elderly People ◽  
Human Body ◽  
Social Factors ◽  
Cognitive Functions ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Review Article ◽  
The Central Nervous System

The review article reflects the specific features of involutive cognitive functions in elderly people. Furthermore the basis of these changes is the natural physiological process of morphofunctional remodeling of the human body in general and of the central nervous system in particular. As a result, the elderly and senium people have cognitive decline, and in the presence of provoking medical and social factors and comorbid diseases they may have transient cognitive dysfunction.

Lipid Metabolism in Neurocognitive Disorders: Current Update

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonella Mandas
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
Neurocognitive Disorders ◽  
Lipid Homeostasis ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
E4 Allele

The physiology and the pathology of the Central Nervous System (CNS) is very complex, and only by understanding it the scientific research might develop effective treatments. Neurocognitive Disorders, extremely diffused diseases, have a multifactorial aetiology, in which lipid homeostasis plays an important role, as known. The aim of this mini-review is focus on interesting recently published researches on the topic, in order to put together some pieces of the puzzle of such an enormous physiopathology chapter. After a brief introduction, we will describe important aspects of CNS lipid metabolism, then we will examine the conclusions of recent articles relating to lipid role in neurodegeneration. The recent scientific literature has strengthened the position of some well-known “biological agents” – i.e. lipid peroxidation and apolipoprotein E4 allele –but also detailed the importance of new promising diagnostic and therapeutic targets.

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