scholarly journals Летние посевы свеклы столовой на юге России

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
L.A. Kuksa ◽  
L.N. Timakova ◽  
A.N. Khovrin
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiments ◽  
The South ◽  
Root Crops ◽  
Rostov Region ◽  
Red Beet ◽  
Optimal Period ◽  
Technological Methods ◽  
Seed Growing

Полевые опыты в условиях юга России позволили уточнить технологические приемы возделывания свеклы столовой. Оптимальный срок посева свеклы столовой для получения корнеплодов с высокой товарностью и закладки их на зимнее хранение в условиях Ростовской области 5 15 июля. При посеве в этот срок улучшается качество корнеплодов, а выход товарной продукции составляет 84 90.In the conditions of field experiments the technological methods of seed growing of table beet in the conditions of the South of Russia are specified. The optimal period of red beet sowing for root crops with high marketability producing for winter storage in the Rostov region is 5 15 of July. When sowing in this period, the quality of root crops improves, and the yield of marketable products is 84 90.

Технологические приемы при первичном семеноводстве свеклы столовой на юге России

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
L.N. Timakova ◽  
L.A. Yusupova ◽  
M.A. Dolgopolova ◽  
A.N. Khovrin
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiments ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Farming Practices ◽  
The South ◽  
Optimal Period ◽  
Technological Methods

Полевыми опытами уточнены технологические приемы семеноводства свеклы столовой для юга России, повышающие выход и качество маточных корнеплодов свеклы столовой одноростковых форм при первичном семеноводстве на юге России. Выявлено, что оптимальный срок посева семян свеклы столовой – III декада июня и густота стояния растений 370 тыс. шт. растений на га. Применение данных агротехнических приемов способствует формированию корнеплодов с хорошо выраженными сортовыми признаками.Field experiments clarified the technological methods of seed beet canteen for the South of Russia, increasing the yield of standard uterine roots for transplanting technology of beet canteen. Optimal period of sowing beet is III decade of June and the plant density of 370 thousand plants per ha, the application of these farming practices promotes the formation of roots with pronounced varietal characteristics.

scholarly journals Assessment of the quality of beet varieties in the Moscow region

2020 ◽  
pp. 28-32
Author(s):  
Л.Н. Тимакова ◽  
В.А. Борисов ◽  
Н.А. Фильрозе ◽  
 О.Н. Успенская ◽  
Л.М. Соколова
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiments ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Nitrate Content ◽  
Root Crops ◽  
High Sugar Content ◽  
Nitrogenous Substances ◽  
Excellent Preservation

Пищевая ценность свеклы столовой определяется высоким содержанием сахаров, своеобразным составом азотистых веществ. Эта культура – источник натурального красителя бетанина, который обладает антиканцерогенным, антибактериальным и противовирусным действием на организм человека. В статье представлены результаты изучения биохимических качеств корнеплодов свеклы столовой. Исследования проводились в период 2014–2019 годов на шести сортах свеклы столовой селекции Агрохолдинга «Поиск». За стандарт взяты широко распространенные образцы отечественной и голландской селекции Бордо 237 (ВНИИССОК) и F1 Пабло (Bejo), районированные во всех регионах РФ. Полевые опыты выполнены по единой методике на базе ВНИИО – филиала ФГБНУ ФНЦО в Раменском районе Московской области. Почва опытного участка относится к типу аллювиальных луговых, среднесуглинистая, насыщенная, влагоемкая. Погодные условия наиболее благоприятно для роста и развития растений свеклы столовой складывались в периоды вегетации 2014–2017 годов. Особенность погодных условий 2018–2019 годов – неравномерное выпадение осадков, что повлияло на время прорастания семян. Дефицит влаги в период вегетации компенсировали поливами методом дождевания, поддерживая НВ на уровне 80–85%. Наибольшее количество сухого вещества накапливает сорт Русская односемянная – 18,4%, что соответствует уровню стандарта Бордо 237. Высокое содержание сахаров свойственно сорту Креолка – 10,7%, и превосходит стандарты на 1,8%. Образцы, восприимчивые к заболеваниям листовой розетки во время вегетации культуры – Эфиопка и F1  Пабло накапливают меньше пигмента бетанина. Биохимические качества корнеплодов сорта Креолка больше сопряжены с его генотипом. Накопление нитратов у образцов крайне подвержено условиям года. Более чем в десять раз изменяется содержание нитратов в зависимости от года у сортов Славянка, Русская односемянная, Креолка и Бордо 237. Выход товарной продукции после шести месяцев хранения по изучаемым образцам колебался от 49,1 до 91,4%. Отличную сохранность на уровне стандартов – свыше 85% показал сорт Русская односемянная. The nutritional value of table beets is determined by a high content of sugars, a peculiar composition of nitrogenous substances. This culture is a source of the natural dye betanin, which has anti-carcinogenic, antibacterial and antiviral effects on the human body. The article presents the results of a study of biochemical qualities of root crops of table beet. Research was conducted in the period 2014–2019 on 6 varieties of beet of table selection of the Poisk Agrо Holding. Widespread samples of domestic and Dutch breeding Bordo 237 (FSCVG) and Pablo F1 (Bejo), zoned in all regions of the Russian Federation, were taken as a standard. Field experiments were performed according to a single methodology on the basis of ARRIVG – branch of FSCVG. The soil of the experimental site belongs to the type of alluvial meadow, medium-loamy, saturated, moisture-intensive. Weather conditions were most favorable for the growth and development of table beet plants during the growing season of 2014–2017. A feature of the weather conditions of 2018-2019 was uneven precipitation, which affected the time of germination of seeds. The lack of moisture during the growing season was compensated by irrigation by sprinkling, maintaining the HB at the level of 80–85%. The largest amount of dry matter accumulates Russian single-seeded variety – 18.4%, which corresponds to the level of the standard Bordeaux 237. High sugar content is characteristic of the Creole variety – 10.7%, and exceeds the standards by 1.8%. Samples that are susceptible to diseases of the leaf rosette during the growing season of the culture-Ethiopian and F1Pablo accumulate less of the pigment betanin. The biochemical qualities of Creole root crops are more associated with its genotype. The accumulation of nitrates in samples is highly susceptible to the conditions of the year. The nitrate content varies more than 10 times depending on the year in the varieties Slavyanka, Russian single-seeded, Creole and Bordo 237. The output of marketable products after 6 months of storage in the studied samples ranged from 49.1 to 91.4%. Excellent preservation at the level of standards – over 85% showed the Russian single-seeded variety.

POTATO YIELD, DEPENDING ON AGROTECHNICAL METHODS OF CULTIVATION

10.12737/2423 ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 143-145 ◽  
Author(s):  
Табаков ◽  
Aleksey Tabakov ◽  
Шашкаров ◽  
Leonid Shashkarov ◽  
Самаркина ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiments ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Potato Yield ◽  
Potato Tubers ◽  
The South ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Chuvash Republic ◽  
Different Doses

The article presents the results of field experiments on the effect of preplant soil techniques in combination with different doses of fertilizers and pesticides in the cultivation of potato of Impala variety on productivity in the Chuvash Republic, which is located in the south-eastern part of the Volga-Vyatka region. The positive impact of the studied factors on yield and quality of potato tubers was revealed.

scholarly journals Productivity of red beet upon the application of humic substances and chelated microfertilizers on irrigated dark chestnut soils of the Saratov Transvolga region

2019 ◽  
pp. 25-29
Author(s):  
Konstantin Vyacheslavovich Korsakov ◽  
Victor Vasilyevich Pronko ◽  
Nina Anatolyevna Pronko ◽  
Vladimir Petrovich Belogolovtsev ◽  
Viktor Vladislavovich Korsak
Keyword(s):  
Humic Acid ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Chestnut Soils ◽  
Root Crops ◽  
Red Beet ◽  
Life Force ◽  
Transvolga Region ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Acid Salts

In 2013-2015 there was studied the effectiveness of products based on humic acids and chelated microfertilizers during red beet cultivation on irrigated dark chestnut soils of the Saratov Transvolga region. The objects of the study were products produced by Life Force LLC, RPE and Bordo red beet variety. The purpose of the research was to determine the most effective application methods of humic acid salts and fertilizers, containing micro (boron, manganese), meso (calcium) and macro (nitrogen), which can increase the productivity of root crops and improve their quality. In field experiments it has been established that spraying vegetative plants of red beet with a solution of Reasil® micro Hydra Mix increased the yield of commercial root crops by 7.17 t/ha for an average of three years (by 28 % to control). The application of a K-Humate-Na increased the yield by 3.26 t/ha (by 13% to the control). The maximum yield of root crops within our experiments was obtained with the application of Reasil B along with Reasil® micro Hydramix (34.02 t/ha). Similar results were obtained with the combination of Reasil® micro Hydramix and Reasil® Carb-N-Humic. As a rule, the fertilizers, applied in the experiments, had a positive effect on the yield of commercial products and lowering the proportion of substandard products. Humic acid salts and chelated fertilizers enhanced the accumulation of dry matter, increased the content of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, the amount of sugar and vitamin C in fruits. The content of nitrate nitrogen in fruits was about 13-14 times lower than maximum permissible concentration (MPC). The removal of macronutrients from the soil with the yield of red beet was increased significantly under the influence of humic acid salts and fertilizers.

scholarly journals Effective Technological Schemes for the Cultivation of Industrial Open-Earth Vineyards in the Don Area

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huseynov Shamil ◽  
Mayborodin Sergey
Keyword(s):  
Point Of View ◽  
Optimal Parameters ◽  
Economic Point ◽  
Active Radiation ◽  
Rostov Region ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Management Method ◽  
Grape Varieties ◽  
Technological Methods

Over the long years of the development of agro-technological approaches to the methods of grape growing, researchers paid special attention to the issues of pruning grape bushes, the methods of their formation and maintenance and planting plans. In the environmental conditions of the Lower Don of the Russian Federation, many years of research were conducted in order to establish the optimal parameters of various agro-technological methods used in the vineyard (the methods of maintaining, forming, pruning and the rates of bush loading) through the example of a promising variety of Crystal grapes of interspecific origin. At the same time, a prerequisite for this research was the link with the scheme of planting vines and its effect on the productivity of uncultivated vineyards, as well as the quality of the crop. In this study, we proposed the technological and economic advantages of industrial and intensive methods of maintaining and forming vineyards on an industrial basis. These methods were new for the Don conditions. We conducted research and studied various ways of maintaining, forming, pruning and loading grape bushes in the Rostov Region, in the conditions of the experimental field, which increased the use of photosynthetic active radiation (PAR) in the production process on standard open-earth vineyards of industrial and intensive type, when cultivating Crystal grape varieties of interspecific origin. Processing and analysis of the results of the application of various agricultural methods in the experimental areas will reveal the most optimal ones from an economic point of view. Keywords: grapes, architectonics, management method, productivity, biomass

scholarly journals Yield and quality of carrots when using the Gumiton organo-mineral complex in conditions of radioactive contamination

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 1955-1959
Author(s):  
Ratnikov A. N, Et. al.
Keyword(s):  
Radioactive Contamination ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Soddy Podzolic Soil ◽  
137Cs Content ◽  
Podzolic Soils ◽  
Mineral Complex ◽  
Root Crops ◽  
Crop Development ◽  
The Impact

The aim of this work is to assess the impact of Gumiton peat-based organo-mineral complex on the productivity and quality of carrots and the transition of 137Cs from soil to root crops under conditions of radioactive contamination. According to the results of field experiments on gray forest and soddy-podzolic soils of the Kaluga region of Russia, it is shown that leaf treatment with Gumiton of carrot plantings in different phases of crop development increases the yield of root crops by 20-40%, depending on the variety, soil type and agricultural background. Analysis of studies in the growing experiment on soddy-podzolic soil showed that Gumiton treatment increases the yield of carrots by 30%. The rate of decrease of 137Cs content is 1,2-1,25 times. Gumiton is a highly effective preparation for carrots, which increases the productivity and quality of the crop and helps to reduce the intake of 137Cs in root crops in radioactively contaminated areas.

scholarly journals ТЕОРЕТИЧЕСКИЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ ГЕОМЕТРИЧЕСКИХ И КИНЕМАТИЧЕСКИХ ПАРАМЕТРОВ ВАЛЬЦОВОГО ТРАНСПОРТИРУЮЩЕГО УСТРОЙСТВА

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
V.A. Ovtov ◽  
A.V. Polikanov ◽  
А.А. Orekhov ◽  
V.V. Shumaev ◽  
V.M. Gudin
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Theoretical Studies ◽  
Agricultural Machinery ◽  
Kinematic Parameters ◽  
Root Crops ◽  
Technological Chain ◽  
Seed Growing ◽  
Selection Of

Эффективность выращивания сахарной свеклы зависит от многих факторов, таких как погодные условия, соблюдение технологии, наличие современной техники, своевременное внесение удобрений и качество используемых семян. В настоящее время до 95 семян сахарной свеклы импортируются из-за границы. Модернизация производства, разработка необходимой семеноводческой сельскохозяйственной техники приобретает актуальное значение. Задача обеспечения полностью автоматизированной технологической цепочки от выборки маточников сахарной свеклы из бункера до их посадки в современных посадочных машинах на данный момент полностью не решена. В статье рассмотрены теоретические исследования геометрических и кинематических параметров вальцов, имеющих винтовую навивку с переменным шагом при транспортировании маточников сахарной свеклы к высаживающему аппарату. Полученные результаты проведенных исследований позволяют обосновывать геометрические и кинематические параметры вальцового транспортирующего устройства при заданной норме посадки маточников сахарной свеклы и, тем самым, полностью механизировать процесс посадки маточников сахарной свеклы.The effectiveness of growing sugar beet depends on many factors, such as weather conditions, technology compliance, the availability of modern machinery, timely fertilization and the quality of the seeds used. Currently, up to 95 of sugar beet seeds are imported from abroad. The modernization of production, the development of the necessary seed-growing agricultural machinery is becoming of current importance. The task of providing a fully automated technological chain from the selection of sugar beet mother root crops from the hopper to their planting in modern planting machines has not yet been completely solved. The article considers theoretical studies of the geometric and kinematic parameters of rollers having screw winding with variable pitch during transportation of sugar beet mother root crops to the planting unit. The obtained results allow to justify the geometric and kinematic parameters of the roller transporting device for a given planting rate of sugar beet mother root crops and, thereby, fully mechanize the process of their planting.

scholarly journals Yield and quality of carrots when using the Gumiton organo-mineral complex in conditions of radioactive contamination

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 3351-3355
Author(s):  
Ratnikov A. N., Et. al.
Keyword(s):  
Radioactive Contamination ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Soddy Podzolic Soil ◽  
137Cs Content ◽  
Podzolic Soils ◽  
Mineral Complex ◽  
Root Crops ◽  
Crop Development ◽  
The Impact

The aim of this work is to assess the impact of Gumiton peat-based organo-mineral complex on the productivity and quality of carrots and the transition of 137Cs from soil to root crops under conditions of radioactive contamination. According to the results of field experiments on gray forest and soddy-podzolic soils of the Kaluga region of Russia, it is shown that leaf treatment with Gumiton of carrot plantings in different phases of crop development increases the yield of root crops by 20-40%, depending on the variety, soil type and agricultural background. Analysis of studies in the growing experiment on soddy-podzolic soil showed that Gumiton treatment increases the yield of carrots by 30%. The rate of decrease of 137Cs content is 1,2-1,25 times. Gumiton is a highly effective preparation for carrots, which increases the productivity and quality of the crop and helps to reduce the intake of 137Cs in root crops in radioactively contaminated areas.

scholarly journals IMPACT OF HARVESTING TERMS AND POST-HARVEST PROCESSING ON CROP AND SOWING QUALITIES OF PEAS

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 16-22
Author(s):  
Фирзинат Давлетов ◽  
Firzinat Davletov ◽  
Карина Гайнуллина ◽  
Karina Gaynullina ◽  
Ильсияр Ахмадуллина ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiments ◽  
Specific Weight ◽  
Republic Of Bashkortostan ◽  
Pea Seeds ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Leguminous Crops ◽  
Key Indicators ◽  
Seed Growing ◽  
Registration Area

Peas – the main leguminous culture in the Republic of Bashkortostan. The productivity characteristics of peas are determined by such key indicators, as the volume of 1000 seeds, the specific weight, the weight of 1000 seeds, the germination energy and capacity. We conducted an assessment of pea seeds quality, depending on skewing, the humidity of the seeds during threshing, and also selected from the lower, middle and upper beans. The features of growth, development and elements of the crop structure of grown plants from these seeds were studied. Field experiments were conducted in the laboratory of selection and seed-growing of leguminous crops of Bashkir Scientific Research Institute of Agriculture; laboratory analyzes and statistical analysis of data - at the Soil science, Botany and plant breeding Department of Bashkir State Agrarian University in 2014-2016. The soil of experimental sites are represented by carbonate chernozem. Experiments were laid in triplicate. The registration area of the plots was 150 square meter. During the years of research the meteorological conditions were contrasting. The objects of research were highly productive varieties of pea Chishminskiy 229, Pamyati Khangildin. It was found that the best time to start skewing these varieties of peas for grain comes when the ripening of of beans is 60-70%. Threshing peas with a moisture content of seeds above 19-20% led to a decrease in their germination. Also, our studies showed that the quality of seeds from plants, grown from the seeds of the upper beans, was lower than that of the middle and lower beans. Seeds proved to be of different quality not only in terms of the volume of 1000 seeds, specific gravity and weight of 1000 seeds, but also in productivity. According to the energy of germination and germination, pea seeds, depending on the location of the beans on the plant, did not have significant differences.

Productivity of corn hybrids of different fao groups depending on microfertilizers and growth stimulants under irrigation in the south of Ukraine

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-60
Author(s):  
Yu. Lavrynenko ◽  
R. Vozhegova ◽  
O. Hozh
Keyword(s):  
Grain Quality ◽  
Laboratory Method ◽  
The South ◽  
Corn Hybrids ◽  
Early Maturity ◽  
Effi Ciency ◽  
Grain Moisture ◽  
Grain Productivity ◽  
The Impact

The purpose of the research is to identify effi cient microfertilizers and growth stimulants considering biologi- cal features of new corn hybrids of different FAO groups under irrigation conditions in the South of Ukraine and trace their impact on grain productivity of the plants. The methods of the research are the fi eld method – to study the interaction of the research object with experimental factors of the natural environment, to register the yield and evaluate the biometrical indices; the laboratory method – to measure soil moisture, grain moisture content and grain quality indices; the statistical method – to evaluate the reliability of the obtained results; the calculation methods – for economic and energetic assessment of the growing techniques used. The results of the research. The paper defi nes the impact of microfertilizers and growth stimulants on the yield and grain quality of the corn hybrids of different maturity groups and on the economic effi ciency of growing them. The conclusions of the research. Under irrigation conditions of the Southern Steppe of Ukraine it is recommended that the following hybrids should be grown in dark-chestnut soils: early maturity DN Pyvykha, medium-early Skadovskyi, medium maturity Kakhovskyi and medium-late Arabat, using the growth stimulants – treating the seeds with Sezam-Nano and fertilizing with Grainactive at the stage of 7–8 leaves.

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