scholarly journals Architectural image of Moscow of the 1930s

2020 ◽  
pp. 148-163
Author(s):  
Римма Михайловна Байбурова
Keyword(s):  
Urban Environment ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Art Deco ◽  
Happy Life ◽  
The Future ◽  
The City ◽  
New Moscow

В 1930-х годах реконструируется центр Москвы. Столица должна предстать городом будущей счастливой жизни. Новая московская архитектура анализируется в статье согласно триаде Витрувия: «прочность, польза, красота». Прослеживаются изменения стилистической направленности архитектуры в сложном диалоге конструктивизма и ар-деко.Показано, что «прочность» и «красота» в полной мере получили свое вневременное воплощение, но с точки зрения удобства и пользы отмечается ряд проблемных принципов и решений, которые и в настоящее время оказывают влияние на городскую среду Москвы. In the 1930s the center of Moscow is being reconstructed. The capital should appear as the city of the future happy life. The new Moscow architecture is analyzed in the article according to the Vitruvius triad “strength, usefulness, beauty”. Changes in the stylistic orientation of architecture in a complex dialogue between constructivism and art deco are noted. It is shown that “strength” and “beauty” fully got their timeless embodiment, but from the point of view of convenience and usefulness, a number of problematic principles and solutions are noted, which in the present have an impact on the urban environment of Moscow.

EVOLUTION AND CULTURAL SIGNIFICANCE OF GREEN PUBLIC SPACES IN KRASNOYARSK

2021 ◽  
pp. 29-42
Author(s):  
Olga N. Bliankinshyein ◽  
◽  
Natalya A. Popkova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Urban Environment ◽  
Public Spaces ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Green Spaces ◽  
Great Effort ◽  
Cultural Significance ◽  
Photographic Recording ◽  
Green Areas ◽  
The City ◽  
Cultural Role

One of the criteria for a comfortable ecologically clean urban environment is access to green spaces, their number and quality in any given city. Public green spaces play an important socio-cultural role in the context of active and passive recreation of citizens, various types of recreational activities. The relevance of this study is due to increased attention to the formation of open public spaces in the city of Krasnoyarsk. The purpose of this work is to trace the evolution and identify the social and cultural significance of the green public spaces in Krasnoyarsk. The objectives of the research are to study the green spaces of Krasnoyarsk in a historical retrospective, analyze the green spaces of Krasnoyarsk from the point of view of their ecological significance, recreational use. Research methods included literature review on the topic, analysis of historical data, field survey of the territory, long-term observation, photographic recording, comparative retrospective analysis, and graphic-analytical method. The study captures the most common types of public green spaces and their role in creating a comfortable urban environment. It traces in the most detail the evolution and cultural significance of the most important historical green spaces in Krasnoyarsk: the City Garden (now the Central Park), Yudinsky Garden, Krutovsky Garden. These examples show that gardens and parks can be formed both on the basis of the natural environment of urban forests, and artificially created by the efforts of citizens, that over time they can undergo various quantitative and qualitative, planning and functional transformations. Despite the transformations that have taken place, all the studied historical objects still exist and are used for their intended purpose. In addition to these historical green areas, we examine the newly organized public green spaces with a cultural and recreational component over the past decades: Tatyshev Park, All-season Fun-Park Bobrovy Log, Flora and Fauna Park Roev Ruchey, Dream Gardens and others. The article notes the importance of municipal, public and private initiatives in the organization of local green areas. The analysis allows us to assert that there is a certain system of public green spaces in Krasnoyarsk. It has disadvantages, such as an uneven distribution of green areas throughout the city, lack of interconnections between individual elements, aging of certain areas of greenery, and the complete destruction of some. Nevertheless, the city authorities, architects, designers and the general public make great effort to create a green framework for Krasnoyarsk destined to have an important recreational and cultural role.

scholarly journals Interview with Art Historian Chris van Uffelen

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 16-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Burganova ◽  
Chris Uffelen
Keyword(s):  
Urban Environment ◽  
Middle Ages ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Personal Space ◽  
Professional Support ◽  
Modern Cities ◽  
The Future ◽  
History Of ◽  
History Of Architecture ◽  
The City

We are pleased to present an interview with an outstanding writer, urbanist and architectural historian, Chris van Uffelen, the author of a number of books on the history and theory of architecture. The space of the city in all its manifestations - from the history of architecture to the analysis of global street navigation, from current problems of adapting the urban environment to a man’s personal space to the aggressive or positive impact of a person on a megapolis, is the sphere of his professional interests. Chris van Uffelen is distinguished by his broadmindedness and takes an active position in the field of a professional and public conversation about architecture. His articles are presented in authoritative publications on architecture. He is an encyclopedist professionally analyzing both the architecture of the Middle Ages and the space of modern cities. Editor-in-chief Maria Burganova talks with Chris van Uffelen about architecture - its purpose, its past, and the future. The topics that concern many of us today - the change in architectural and cultural space, a person who influences a city, and a city that changes a person, are reflected in this conversation. We thank Sophia Romanova for professional support and assistance in arranging the interview with Chris van Uffelen.

scholarly journals The Organization of Biosphere Compatibility Construction : Justification of the Predictors of Building Development and the Implementation Prospects

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3.2) ◽  
pp. 584 ◽  
Author(s):  
Denys Chernyshev ◽  
Iryna Ivakhnenko ◽  
Maryna Klymchuk
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Numerical Analysis ◽  
Urban Environment ◽  
Construction Project ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Building Construction ◽  
Quantitative Indicators ◽  
The City ◽  
Selection Of

The article considers the modern practice of urban innovation, based on the principles of biosphere compatibility. The project solution of providing organizational and technological reliability of construction from the point of view of the possibility of realizing the functions of a biosphere compatibility city and introducing innovative constructive and architectural and planning solutions is analyzed. In relation to the construction project, the formalization of the methodology for calculating the indicators of the biosphere compatibility of cities and settlements, the quantitative indicators of the implementation of the functions of the city are determined. The obtained results of numerical analysis of the realization of city functions can predict the development of urban areal, assess the comfort and safety of the urban environment from the standpoint of biosphere compatibility of construction objects in order to harmonize the characteristics of the life cycle of these projects with the characteristics of the microenvironment of their implementation. The basis of such tools is: multifactorial, multicomponent modeling and multicriterial selection of alternatives for building construction for projects, provided that the level of biosphere compatibility is used as the leading analytical coordinate of such simulation. These models, implemented in the format of modern construction, will serve as a basis for organizational and technological and environmental expertise of projects.  

scholarly journals Features of the conceptual approach of contemporary Ukrainian artists in the genre of urban landscape

2020 ◽  
pp. 22-29
Author(s):  
Andriy Bludov
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Urban Environment ◽  
Urban Space ◽  
Urban Landscape ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Conceptual Approach ◽  
General Direction ◽  
Modern City ◽  
Creative Person ◽  
The City

The article examines the features of the perception of the urban environment as a specific phe- nomenon. The article considers the artistic works of a group of contemporary Ukrainian artists P. Makov, A. Sai, L. Dzhuraev, A. Priduvalov in the genre of urban landscape from the point of view of a conceptual approach, which allows us to understand the general direction of development of this type of genre. The works of contemporary Ukrainian artists reflect how a modern city creates an endless combination of connections between different aspects of life and the corresponding various forms and impressions. The article analyzes the works that the authors demonstrated as their reflections on changes in the urban environment in special creative projects. The urban environment causes a creative person to strive to convey his atmosphere, images, rhythms in his own language. For centuries, artists have depicted the urban space, but it was in the twentieth century that the transformation of the urban environment into an urban one contributed to the fact that the city became a source of special inspiration for subsequent times. The theme of urbanism is specific in the work of contemporary Ukrainian artists, where the very phenomenon of the city is the basis of creative inspiration. The aim of this work is to study the conceptual and programmatic works of contemporary Ukrainian artists to reveal the theme of urbanism in painting and the main trends in displaying the city as a concept in the work of artists.

scholarly journals City and intelligentsia during the XIX-XX centuries. (historiographic aspect)

2021 ◽  
Vol 134 (1) ◽  
pp. 107-119
Author(s):  
G. Z. Sultangazy ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Urban Environment ◽  
Urban Space ◽  
Mutual Influence ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Creative Force ◽  
History Of ◽  
Single Complex ◽  
Urban Issues ◽  
The City

The formation and development of the intelligence as a political and creative force could not exist without the influence of the urban environment. The integration of Kazakh intellectuals into the urban space has led to qualitative changes in such aspects as city, intelligence, and its behavioral patterns. The study of the factors of influence of urban space on the development of social groups and institutions, namely on the qualitative characteristics of the national intelligentsia, the processes of their adaptation to the urban environment is an important task of the humanities, including the historical one. Modern Kazakhstani historiography is in the paradigm of assimilating the results of European and Russian urban history. This article will highlight the historiographic situation in this direction from the point of view of the development of urban issues. The article attempts to analyze the phenomenon the mutual influence of the city and the Kazakh intelligentsia at the turn of the XIX-XX centuries by the principles of historiographic generalization. The city, being a multifunctional space where ideas and innovations are generated, changes not only the landscape, but also the world perception in general. The activities of the national intelligentsia are associated not only with creativity, but primarily with public activity, and determined the development of Kazakhstan in conceptual framework. Today, Kazakhstani historiography is represented by separate studies on the history of the city, intelligentsia, Cossacks, and merchants. At the same time, there are not enough research papers that would consider the population of Kazakhstan and the city as a single complex body, which is in permanent interaction and mutual influence, focusing on the history of everyday life. One of the methods of this study was the historical and genetic one, which allows us to consider the problems in its development and identify patterns. The use of the historicalcomparative method revealed differences in the development of Kazakhstani historiography. A comprehensive study of the urban environment in the historical context allows us to understand the nature of the changes in which society and the state existed, as well as the motives and aspirations of Kazakh intellectuals. One of the results was the identification of common patterns of Soviet and Kazakh historiography, where the city and the intelligentsia are the objects of research and are not considered in close connection and mutual influence. The designated problems did not receive due attention from researchers of both the Soviet and modern periods.

scholarly journals Room to Breathe: Designing a framework for medium density housing in Ōtautahi-Christchurch

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Joshua Campbell-Tie
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Full Advantage ◽  
Urban Environment ◽  
Central City ◽  
Mass Transit ◽  
Design Framework ◽  
Medium Density ◽  
Housing Costs ◽  
The Future ◽  
The City

<p><b>Ōtautahi-Christchurch faces the future in an enviable position. Compared to other New Zealand cities Christchurch has lower housing costs, less congestion, and a brand-new central city emerging from the rubble of the 2011 earthquakes. ‘Room to Breathe: designing a framework for medium density housing (MDH) in Ōtautahi-Christchurch’ seeks to answer the timely question how can medium density housing assist Ōtautahi-Christchurch to respond to growth in a way that supports a well-functioning urban environment? Using research by design, the argument is made that MDH can be used to support a safe, accessible, and connected urban environment that fosters community, while retaining a level of privacy. This is achieved through designing a neighbourhood concept addressing 3 morphological scales- macro- the city; meso- the neighbourhood; and micro- the home and street. The scales are used to inform a design framework for MDH specific to Ōtautahi-Christchurch, presenting a typological concept that takes full advantage of the benefits higher density living has to offer.</b></p> <p>Room to Breathe proposes repurposing underutilised areas surrounding existing mass transit infrastructure to provide a concentrated populous who do not solely rely on private vehicles for transport. By considering all morphological scales Room to Breathe provides one suggestion on how MDH could become accepted as part of a well-functioning urban environment.</p>

scholarly journals PROBLEMOWE UCZENIE SIĘ JAKO ŚRODEK PRZYWRACANIA FUNKCJI SPOŁECZNYCH GRUPOM WYALIENOWANYM Z PRZESTRZENI MIEJSKIEJ

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 ◽  
pp. 53-63
Author(s):  
Karolina Kozłowska ◽  
Paula Gabin Peinado ◽  
Alejandro Garcia Gigato ◽  
Sławomir Rybka
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Urban Environment ◽  
Urban Space ◽  
Homeless People ◽  
Modular Architecture ◽  
Social Functions ◽  
Self Sufficiency ◽  
Culturally Different ◽  
The Future ◽  
The City

The article refers to the process of creating a project by designers from two culturally different countries during the Erazmus project. The project, set in the centre of urban space, aims to limit the alienation of the homeless from the urban environment and to slowly restore their social functions. The aim of the cooperation was to create a space in which designers would use not only technical and compositional knowledge but would consciously introduce information from social sciences. This project for homeless people, is sited in the city of Rzeszow, Poland. The inspiration to do this project was the nature and C2C theory. The architecture of the project is based on a modular architecture which, if necessary in the future, can be easily modified, for example, by adding new elements and thus respond to the current needs of the residents. Self-sufficiency is another important part of the project. They are also eco-buildings made of straw bales or recycled materials such as plastic bottles. Thanks to these efforts, a project was created not only for the homeless but for all the residents of the city.

scholarly journals LA INTERVENCIÓN EN EL TEMPLO DE SANTA ANA DEL CUSCO

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (7) ◽  
pp. 117
Author(s):  
Germán Zecenarro Benavente ◽  
Víctor Manuel Salas Velásquez ◽  
Nilda Liliana Valverde Ccañihua
Keyword(s):  
Urban Environment ◽  
Critical Analysis ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Interior Space ◽  
Santa Ana ◽  
Municipal Authority ◽  
Palabras Clave ◽  
Comprehensive Recovery ◽  
The City

El presente artículo aborda el análisis crítico de las intervenciones de conservación y restauración realizadas por el Ministerio de Cultura (durante el periodo 2006-2012) en el templo de Santa Ana del Cusco (Perú). Se ponderan los aciertos y la coherencia de sus resultados y logros, así como también se manifiesta la omisión de un planteamiento integral para la restitución de la concepción completa del edificio, a fin de elaborar un cuerpo de experiencias metodológicas que expresen los aspectos que conllevaron a la recuperación integral de los testimonios materiales y los valores implícitos del monumento, dentro del panorama de la conservación patrimonial que se realiza en la ciudad del Cusco y su región. Se analizan los aspectos de la intervención que posibilitaron la recuperación de la volumetría y el espacio interior del monumento, así como se observa la carencia de planteamientos sobre el espacio del atrio del templo, los cuales hubieran podido articularse desde el punto de vista de la gestión, con proyectos de recuperación del ambiente urbano inmediato emprendidos por la autoridad municipal. Palabras clave.-Patrimonio, restauración, monumento religioso del Cusco. ABSTRACTThis article addresses and explains the critical analysis of the conservation and restoration interventions carried out by the Ministry of Culture (in the period between 2006 and 2012) in the Santa Ana Church of Cusco (Peru). The achievements are weighed, as well as the coherence of its results and achievements, and their absences in terms of the restitution of the full conception of the building. This is done in order to have a body of methodological experiences that express the aspects that led to the comprehensive recovery of its material testimonies and the implicit values of the monument, within the panorama of the patrimonial conservation realized in the city of Cusco and the region. This article analyzes the aspects of the intervention that enabled the recovery of the volumetrics and the interior space of the monument. It also observes the lack of proposals about the space of the temple’s atrium, which could have been articulated from the point of view of management, with projects for the recovery of the adjacent urban environment undertaken by the municipal authority. Keywords.-Heritage, restoration, religious monument of Cusco.

scholarly journals A more sustainable urban future calls for action: the city of Lahti as European Green Capital 2021

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian MacGregor-Fors ◽  
Michelle García-Arroyo ◽  
D Johan Kotze ◽  
Elina Ojala ◽  
Heikki Setälä ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Urban Environment ◽  
Urban Center ◽  
The Future ◽  
Ecological Improvement ◽  
The City ◽  
Small Urban Center ◽  
Future Plans

Abstract In 2020, a small urban center from southern Finland, the City of Lahti, was awarded the 2021 European Green Capital, which recognizes and rewards local efforts that seek to improve the urban environment, together with its economy and the quality of life for its inhabitants, further posing ambitious goals for ecological improvement. In this commentary, we describe some of the key elements that made Lahti the 2021 European Green Capital, as well as some of the future plans for the city. We also highlight the importance of research-based knowledge as the foundation for achieving better outcomes in urban decision making.

Stormwater Detention Tanks for Sustainable Energy Management in Urban Environment

2014 ◽  
Vol 1073-1076 ◽  
pp. 1031-1034
Author(s):  
Giuseppina Garofalo ◽  
Marco Carbone ◽  
Patrizia Piro
Keyword(s):  
Urban Environment ◽  
Electric Energy ◽  
Drainage System ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Urban Drainage ◽  
Hydroelectric Power ◽  
Economic Point ◽  
Rainfall Events ◽  
Electric Power Grid ◽  
The City

The risk of flooding in urban environment has become more and more frequent due to the increased impervious surfaces and climate change. The most suitable solutions for mitigating the urban flooding risks are stormwater detention tanks which temporarily store the exceeded rainfall and gradually release it into the urban drainage system at the end of the rainfall events. The present study aims to evaluate the feasibility of stormwater detention tanks used also for producing hydroelectric power serving a small town, through the release of such volumes. The study is applied to an urban watershed in the city of Cosenza, Italy. After a preliminary design, a hydrologic/hydraulic model, SWMM, coupled with a numerical model implemented in MATLAB was used to predict the stormwater volumes reusable for the production of electricity and the overall response of the system on annual basis. The results obtained showed that a mini-hydro system in an urban area is technically feasible. From an economic point of view, the system is self-sustainable only if one considers the need to integrate the urban drainage network with the electric power grid using the stormwater volumes to store energy in hours of maximum electric energy production that otherwise would be lost.

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