scholarly journals Professional Discourse as Social Practice

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 108
Author(s):  
Silvia Blanca Irimiea
Keyword(s):  
Social Practice ◽  
Professional Socialization ◽  
Social Constructionist ◽  
Institutional Discourse ◽  
Social Practice Theory ◽  
Professional Discourse ◽  
Identity Creation ◽  
The Social ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Shed Light

Professional discourse (PD) has come under close scrutiny for the last two-to-three decades. The discipline termed ’professional discourse’ developed side by side with the related fields of organizational discourse, workplace discourse, institutional discourse, and more recently, corporate discourse, all related to or rather subservient to specific forms of communication. From the earliest studies and continuing today, communication-related studies have been interdisciplinary, drawing on sociology, psychology, anthropology, linguistics, and any discipline that could shed light on human behaviour in particular settings. It is the purpose of the present article to show the link between professional discourse and social practice and to link it to sociological theories. The study goes out from a presentation of PD (Gunnarson 1997), the differences between the terms ‘institutional discourse’ and ’professional discourse’ as proposed by Sarangi and Roberts (1999: 15-19), Koester’s definition of ’institutional discourse’, Gotti’s notion of ’specialist discourse’, Drew and Heritage’s (1992:3) notion of ’institutional talk’. The characteristics of PD are viewed in terms of the functions it may perfom and draw on Chiappini and Nickerson (1999), Linell (1998), Mertz (2007), and Kong (2014). Social practice and social practice theory, on the other hand, build on the tenets of Bourdieu (1989), Giddens (1984), Schatzki (2002), Reckwitz (2002), Jackson (2005) and Holtz (2014). While discourse, in general, has been viewed from the social structuration perspective by SFL and CDA scholars, the PD relationship to social practice followed the social constructionist appfoach. PD is explicated through the role discourse plays in professional socialization and identity creation (Kong 2014, Smith 2005). Other notions, such as Wenger’s (1998) ’community of practice’, ’shared repertoire’ are discussed in relation to the use of PD as well. Finally, possible directions for further research inquiry are put forward.

scholarly journals Professional Discourse as Social Practice

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvia Blanca Irimiea
Keyword(s):  
Social Practice ◽  
Professional Socialization ◽  
Social Constructionist ◽  
Institutional Discourse ◽  
Social Practice Theory ◽  
Professional Discourse ◽  
Identity Creation ◽  
The Social ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Shed Light

Professional discourse (PD) has come under close scrutiny for the last two-to-three decades. The discipline termed ’professional discourse’ developed side by side with the related fields of organizational discourse, workplace discourse, institutional discourse, and more recently, corporate discourse, all related to or rather subservient to specific forms of communication. From the earliest studies and continuing today, communication-related studies have been interdisciplinary, drawing on sociology, psychology, anthropology, linguistics, and any discipline that could shed light on human behaviour in particular settings. It is the purpose of the present article to show the link between professional discourse and social practice and to link it to sociological theories. The study goes out from a presentation of PD (Gunnarson 1997), the differences between the terms ‘institutional discourse’ and ’professional discourse’ as proposed by Sarangi and Roberts (1999: 15-19), Koester’s definition of ’institutional discourse’, Gotti’s notion of ’specialist discourse’, Drew and Heritage’s (1992:3) notion of ’institutional talk’. The characteristics of PD are viewed in terms of the functions it may perfom and draw on Chiappini and Nickerson (1999), Linell (1998), Mertz (2007), and Kong (2014). Social practice and social practice theory, on the other hand, build on the tenets of Bourdieu (1989), Giddens (1984), Schatzki (2002), Reckwitz (2002), Jackson (2005) and Holtz (2014). While discourse, in general, has been viewed from the social structuration perspective by SFL and CDA scholars, the PD relationship to social practice followed the social constructionist appfoach. PD is explicated through the role discourse plays in professional socialization and identity creation (Kong 2014, Smith 2005). Other notions, such as Wenger’s (1998) ’community of practice’, ’shared repertoire’ are discussed in relation to the use of PD as well. Finally, possible directions for further research inquiry are put forward.

scholarly journals DOBRYNYA NIKITICH AND HIS TIME: HISTORIOGRAPHY AND PROSPECTS OF STUDYING THE IMAGE OF THE EPIC HERO

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 565-573
Author(s):  
S.V. Kozlovsky
Keyword(s):  
Social Practice ◽  
Historical Memory ◽  
Negative Influence ◽  
Historical Study ◽  
Time And Space ◽  
Epic Hero ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Written Sources

Historical memory in texts and practices manifests itself ambiguously. It is not always possible to believe even written sources. Epic tradition was lucky - there are many versions of epic texts that have passed the test of time, eliminated all that was considered implausible. But the epics also experienced the negative influence of time, which manifested itself in the addition, rethinking, loss of certain parts of the text. Therefore, their historical study is impossible without reconstruction, the definition of texts on the time of appearance and connection with the social practice of the corresponding period. There is a gap between the epics and Chronicles, reflecting the difference in the perception of events, but they are connected by a common social practice, historical entourage, able to show the belonging of the epics to a certain time and space. The era’s entourage is most connected with the image of the hero. The article considers the attempts and prospects of studying the epic era on the example of the image of Dobrynya Nikitich.

scholarly journals COMMUNITY SOCIAL-CULTURAL ENVIRONMENT BETWEEN SOCIAL RESIDENCES FUTURE SPECIALIST

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lilit Iskoyan ◽  
Miqaelyan
Keyword(s):  
Professional Socialization ◽  
Professional Competencies ◽  
Cultural Environment ◽  
Structural Components ◽  
Social Formation ◽  
Working Definition ◽  
The Social ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The University

The article examines the influence of the social and cultural environment of the university on the social formation of future specialists. The essence of the concept of the social and cultural environment of the university is characterized. A general characteris-tic of the structural components of the social and cultural environment is given. The influence of the social and cultural environment on the social formation of future spe-cialists is substantiated, which proceeds in several directions and stages: the content of these directions and stages is characterized. A working definition of the socio-cultural environment of a university has been formed with which a university graduate interacts and which is a combination of objec-tive and subjective factors that contribute to their successful mastering of professional competencies, the formation of professional socialization and the social formation of students.

scholarly journals Benchmarking ride-hailing regulation in global cities using mixed-method approach and social practice theory

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 1338
Author(s):  
Sreyus Palliyani ◽  
Der-Horng Lee
Keyword(s):  
Social Practice ◽  
Quantitative Data ◽  
Practice Theory ◽  
Element Model ◽  
Policy Formulation ◽  
Disruptive Technology ◽  
Global Cities ◽  
Social Practice Theory ◽  
Successful Model ◽  
The Social

Ride-hailing or private hire has been around the globe for a decade now but even less in Asia. Singapore has had more than three revisions to its ride-hailing regulation in the six years since the arrival of the disruptive technology, the most for an Asian city. Often quoted in the list of cities with a commendable public transport policy, Singapore still manages to find a viable and significant position for ride-hailing. Singapore, to a large extent, has formulated a successful model based on current market parameters and, more importantly, an adaptive one that evolves constantly with the continually disruptive technology. But how does this compare to cities around the globe? Global cities have formulated different policy regulations for the sector, with each one of them enjoying varying degrees of success and failure. Utilizing a mixed-methods approach using qualitative and quantitative data, Singapore’s ride-hailing sector was benchmarked with chiefly nine global cities. The qualitative data was analyzed using the 3-element model of the social practice theory as an alternative to conventional behavioral studies, thereby eliminating bias on the commuters and rather shifting focus to the practice. The findings were validated by statistical analysis of quantitative data, namely, trip information from the ride-hailing sector in Singapore and driver earnings. The unique addition of the research to ride-hailing policy is the comprehension of the commonalities and patterns across industrial and technological disruption, practice and policy irrespective of sectoral variations thanks to the utilization of the social practice theory. The first-of-its-kind policy exercise in the sector can be repeated for any city, which is a direct testament to the simplicity and exhaustivity of the methodology, benefitting both operators and investors through equitable policy formulation.

scholarly journals Habitualisasi Nilai-Nilai Kepemimpinan Transformatif Perspektif Kiai Hasan Mutawakkil ‘Alallah

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-19
Author(s):  
Ahmad Fauzi
Keyword(s):  
Social Action ◽  
Social Practice ◽  
Transformative Leadership ◽  
Islamic Education ◽  
Social Practice Theory ◽  
Leadership Model ◽  
Social Actions ◽  
The Social ◽  
Negative Cycles

Currently, the development of Islamic education is astonishing in numbers, but the spirit is generally not accompanied by adequate capacity and capability. As the consequence, most Islamic education faces problems and gives rise to negative cycles of unsolved problems. Numbers of research results have suggested that the schools could turn the negative cycles into the positive one, or to transform the Islamic education from low quality of education into good quality schools. It necessitates an ideal leadership through a transformative leadership model. In order to build such leadership, this study aims to nbe an important part to profoundly describe the social values ​​of the kiai leadership as the core values ​​of a transformative leadership using Pierre Bourdieu's social practice theory of social action, between (Habitus x Capital) + Ranah = Practice. Using the above perspective, the internalization of the values ​​referred to be social capital for the kiai to give birth to the model of transformative leadership. Because essentially the above value system is a holistic expression of the role and social actions of kiai that comes from al-Qur'an and al-Hadith as a belief and a basic value in the midst of society to make changes. The habitualization of the above values ​​is an alternative in developing Islamic education, and is seen as the main source and force for change, through the actions and roles of kiai as leaders.

Beyond rhetoric: re-thinking entrepreneurial marketing from a practice perspective

2014 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 105-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicole Gross ◽  
David Carson ◽  
Rosalind Jones
Keyword(s):  
Social Practice ◽  
Small Firms ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Social Practice Theory ◽  
Conceptual Approach ◽  
Marketing Practice ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Entrepreneurial Marketing ◽  
The Social ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to propose the application of social practice theory for the investigation of entrepreneurial marketing (EM) practices. Design/methodology/approach – A theoretical gap has been found between scholarly efforts to explain the nature of EM practice and the actual marketing practice or marketing doings of small firms. Findings – The paper covers some of the EM literature and perspectives and examining the notion of “practice” in small- and medium-sized enterprises (SME) and entrepreneurship research. Based on an increasing focus on practice in the social theory literature and the contributions of key social theorists, a discussion is framed in terms of how EM practice can be studied through the investigation material and bodily observations and common interpretations. Research limitations/implications – The paper offers a proposal that the observations of practitioners’ actions and activities and the investigation of common interpretations can be conceptualized to explain the nature of EM practice. It also gives avenues for future research. Practical implications – The paper suggests that marketing comprises a wide scope of activities or practices and, in the case of a small firm, is all-pervasive. It also suggests that scholars engage in understanding the collective, distributed, situated, ongoing and tacit nature of EM. Originality/value – The paper provides a fresh conceptual approach about how EM practice can be studied through the investigation material and bodily observations as well as common interpretations.

Writing as resistance: Berber literature and the challenges surrounding the emergence of a Berber literary field in Morocco

2012 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 373-394 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stéphanie Pouessel
Keyword(s):  
Language Production ◽  
Social Space ◽  
The Political ◽  
Alternative Definition ◽  
Literary Field ◽  
Political Field ◽  
The Social ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Shed Light

This article discusses the development of Berber literature in Morocco and the connections between this literature and Moroccan national identity as well as the pan-Amazigh identity movement. Over the last 40 years, the political conjuncture in Morocco has led Berber writers to affirm an alternative definition of Moroccanness, not exclusively based on Arabness, but one in which Berberity is included. This article aims to shed light on modern Berber literature, and on the social space in which it is embedded. It argues that there is no autonomous Berber literary field, the literature being intrinsically bound up with identity issues, but a Berber literary space, located at the intermingling of several fields (the political field and the field of language production in particular). The article first reconstructs the Moroccan political context by exploring the Amazigh movement, its aspirations and its reality. It then focuses on the relationship between the language issues (alphabet, standardization, etc.) and the emergence of a Berber “neo-literature.” Lastly, it moves beyond Morocco into the wider pan-Berber world — the Maghreb and those countries to which Berbers have emigrated — to question the possibility of a transnational Berber literature.

Synergy through Disunity, Science as Social Practice: Comments on Vanpool and Vanpool

2001 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
pp. 349-360 ◽  
Author(s):  
Scott R. Hutson
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Inquiry ◽  
Social Practice ◽  
Social Nature ◽  
The Social ◽  
Scientific Nature ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Demarcation Criteria

In “The Scientific Nature of Postprocessualism”, VanPool and VanPool (1999) attempt to demonstrate that the sometimes hostile debate between processualist and postprocessualist archaeologies disguises substantive intellectual similarities. The most important similarity is their conformity to a refined definition of science. This definition is based on seven criteria that, as a group, demarcate science from nonscience. VanPool and VanPool pay inadequate attention to critiques of the notion that science can be clearly separated from other forms of inquiry. These critiques come from both within the literature VanPool and VanPool cite as well as from bodies of literature that they do not acknowledge, such as recent sociological, philosophical, and anthropological studies of science. Many of the demarcation criteria can be shown to suffer from overly simplistic accounts of the connections between evidence and hypothesis. Other demarcations do not recognize the social nature of scientific inquiry and the consequent incorporation of interests at various scales. Although VanPool and VanPool believe their criteria of science will promote synergy between processual and postprocessual, this paper questions the conceptualization of these schools and argues that synergy is better accomplished through the appreciation of difference among the various archaeologies and openness to alternative epistemologies.

‘Stand back and watch us’: Post-capitalist practices in the maker movement

2019 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
pp. 593-610 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas S.J. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Economic Geography ◽  
Social Practice ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Maker Movement ◽  
Social Practice Theory ◽  
Conceptual Approach ◽  
Diverse Economies ◽  
The Social ◽  
Economic Practices

This paper examines the economic practices of maker spaces – open workshops that have increased in number over recent years and that aim to provide access to tools, materials and skills for small-scale manufacturing and repair. Scholarly interest in such spaces has been increasing across the social sciences more broadly, parallel to a growing interest in craft and making in economic geography. However, to rectify the ‘capitalocentrism’ of much existing work, the paper examines the case of a workshop in Edinburgh, Scotland, through the dual theoretical lens of diverse economies and social practice theory. This conceptual approach sees the space as a novel form of economic ‘being-in-common’, providing diverse and contradictory opportunities for post-capitalist practice. The paper draws conclusions regarding the limits and potential of such spaces for sowing the prefigurative seeds for a more inclusive, sustainable and democratic urbanism.

scholarly journals Attitudes

Psychology ◽  
2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jay K. Wood ◽  
Leandre R. Fabrigar
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Structure ◽  
Historical Review ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Past Century ◽  
The Social ◽  
Potential Impact ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
And Function ◽  
Tremendous Impact ◽  
Shed Light

The attitude construct is one of the oldest and most-studied constructs in social psychology, and as such, it has had a tremendous impact on the social sciences over the past century. This long history notwithstanding, a historical review of the attitudes literature reveals a construct whose popularity has waxed and waned over the decades and that has generated a number of passionate debates. One area of contention over the years is probably the most fundamental: what exactly are attitudes? Although the definition of the term attitude has gone through many incarnations since its early definition as a “mental and neural state of readiness” (Allport 1935, cited under General Overviews, p. 810; see also the special issue of the journal Social Cognition 25.5 for a variety of perspectives on the definition of attitudes), most current researchers use the term to refer to a valenced evaluation of something, be it a person, object, concept, event, action, etc. (i.e., the attitude object). Most theorists consider attitudes to be relatively enduring (i.e., they are typically not transitory like phenomena such as mood states); however, the extent to which they are stable and enduring would be expected to fall on a continuum, and is determined by factors such as variations in cognitive structure. Furthermore, many contemporary researchers suggest that a distinction can be made between attitudes that are deliberative and within an individual’s control, and those that are nondeliberative and automatic (i.e., explicit versus implicit attitudes). Much of the research on attitudes has focused on issues such as the structure and function of attitudes, how they influence behavior and judgment, how they can be changed, and even whether we need them and if they exist at all. The citations that were chosen for inclusion in this article were selected for a number of reasons: Some are particularly comprehensive or well-written overviews of a topic, others are seminal works or significantly advance our understanding of the construct, and still others shed light on a particular point of contention in the literature. The article begins with General Overviews, Textbooks, and selective Journals that publish high-quality attitudes research and review articles. Next, attention is turned to measurement issues in attitudes research. The largest section of the article is devoted to Attitude Formation and Change (i.e., persuasion), as this is the subtopic that has historically received the most attention from attitudes researchers, as is indicated by the corresponding volume of literature. The article then looks at attitude structure and function before concluding with coverage of the potential impact of attitudes on behavior.

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