scholarly journals Kajian Rezim Hidrologi dan Salinitas DAS Landak-Kapuas dalam Rangka Pengembangan Sumber Air Baku Spam Regional Pontianak - Zona Hujan Equatorial

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Ricka Aprillia ◽  
Arwin Sabar
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Hydrological Regime ◽  
Water Source ◽  
National Standards ◽  
Infrastructure Development ◽  
Raw Water ◽  
Discharge Plan ◽  
Metropolitan Cities ◽  
Daily Discharge ◽  
Dry Climates

Abstract: The existence of sustainable development plan in kapuas coastal areas toward Pontianak Metropolitan Cities, requires a decent source of raw water in terms of quality, quantity and continuity according to national standards. This study discusses the hydrological regime for the reliability of raw water source (quality and quantity) of interbasin Ambawang River Landak River (Biyung) were selected as new raw water source for drinking water infrastructure development Regional Pontianak. The results showed that Ambawang River periodically affected by tidal and seawater interution, so the dam was built to break salinity. While the Landak River (Biyung) has a random discharge and is influenced by rainfall. The result of the division of discharge Discrit Markov against salinity values showed that, the highest salinity occurs in dry climates, dry month and daily discharge dry where the amplitude tidal estuary maximum. The minimum daily discharge Landak River recorded in 1997 at 21 m3 / sec analog with R20  daily discharge plan of 23.38 m3/ sec. Pontianak Regional raw water needs of 4.6 m3 / sec in the 2030, while the used discharge for the allocation of drinking water a debit 20 years of dry, dry R20 on the River Ambawang of 12.05 m3/sec, so the 2030 needs raw water Regional Pontianak can be met.Abstrak: Adanya rencana pembangunan berkelanjutan di kawasan pesisir kapuas menuju Kota Metropolitan Pontianak, memerlukan sumber air baku yang layak dari segi kualitas, kuantitas dan kontinuitas sesuai standar nasional. Penelitian ini membahas mengenai rezim hidrologi untuk keandalan sumber air baku (kualitas dan kuantitas) dari Sungai Ambawang interbasin Sungai Landak (Biyung) yang terpilih dijadikan sumber air baku yang barudalam pengembangan infrastruktur air minum Regional Pontianak. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Sungai Ambawang secara periodik terpengaruh pasang surut yang berpotensi terinterusi air laut, sehingga dibangun bendungan untuk memutus salinitas. Sedangkan Sungai Landak (Biyung) memiliki debit yang acak dan dipengaruhi oleh curah hujan. Hasil pembagian debit Discrit Markov terhadap nilai salinitas menunjukkan bahwa, salinitas tertinggi terjadi pada iklim kering, bulan kering dan debit harian kering dimana amplitudo pasut di muara sungai maksimum. Debit harian minimum Sungai Landak tercatat pada tahun 1997 sebesar 21 m3/detik analog dengan debit rencana R20 1 harian sebesar 23,38 m3/detik.  Kebutuhan air baku Regional Pontianak sampai dengan tahun 2030 sebesar 4,6 m3/det sedangkan debit untuk alokasi air minum menggunakan debit 20 tahun kering, R20 kering pada Sungai Ambawang sebesar 12,05 m3/det, sehingga sampai dengan tahun 2030 kebutuhan air baku Regional Pontianak dapat terpenuhi.

scholarly journals Identification and management of microbial contaminations in a surface drinking water source

2007 ◽  
Vol 5 (S1) ◽  
pp. 67-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Åström ◽  
T. J. R. Pettersson ◽  
T. A. Stenström
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Intake ◽  
Surface Waters ◽  
Microbial Contamination ◽  
Water Source ◽  
Drinking Water Source ◽  
Raw Water ◽  
Indicator Organisms ◽  
E Coli ◽  
The City

Microbial contamination of surface waters constitutes a health risk for drinking water consumers which may be lowered by closing the raw water intake. We have evaluated microbial discharge events reported in the river Göta älv, which is used for raw water supply to the city of Göteborg. Elevated levels of faecal indicator bacteria were observed during periods of closed raw water intake. High bacteria levels were, however, also occasionally detected during periods of open intake, probably as a result of microbial discharge far upstream in the river which may be difficult to predict and manage by closing the intake. Accumulated upstream precipitations, resulting in surface runoff and wastewater contaminations in the catchment, correlated positively with the levels of total coliforms, E. coli, intestinal enterococci and sulfite-reducing clostridia. Levels of faecal indicator organisms were negatively correlated to the water temperature due to enhanced survival at lower temperatures. Wastewater discharges from a municipality located just upstream of the water intake resulted in elevated E. coli concentrations downstream at the raw water intake for Göteborg. To improve the prediction of microbial contaminations within the river Göta älv, monitoring data on turbidity and upstream precipitation are of particular importance.

scholarly journals Water Quality Assessment of West Tarum Canal for Drinking Water Supply

2021 ◽  
Vol 277 ◽  
pp. 04003
Author(s):  
Ayu Widya Utami ◽  
Dwi Nowo Martono ◽  
Haruki Agustina
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Integrated Management ◽  
Water Quality Assessment ◽  
Polluted Water ◽  
Infrastructure Development ◽  
Raw Water ◽  
Agriculture Industry ◽  
The Government ◽  
Almost All

West Tarum Canal (WTC) is a canal that drains raw water from the Jatiluhur Dam. Nearly 81% of the raw water for drinking water used by Jakarta’s people comes from this canal. However, various land uses such as agriculture, industry, settlements, and infrastructure development impact WTC’s water quality. This research aims to assess WTC’s water quality in 2016-2020 based on water quality standards set by the Government and using the STORET method. The results of this research indicate that the concentrations of TDS (142-351 mg/L), Fe (0.1-0.15 mg/L), Mn (0.03-0.1 mg/L) are meet the standards, while DO (3.6-4.9 mg/L), BOD (4-10 mg/L), COD (13-30 mg/L) are not meet the standards. Almost all monitoring points have pH values between 5.75-7.68 that are meet the standards. The STORET score of WTC is from -26 to -38 with an average of -30, which indicates that WTC’s water quality is moderately polluted. Water contamination in WTC will burden the drinking water processing and ultimately affect the community’s ability to pay for drinking water. This research also shows the need for integrated management of WTC from upstream to downstream and the need to increase collaboration between stakeholders in carrying out this management.

scholarly journals Analysis Of Raw Water Supply In Pucang Gading Housing Complex, District Of Demak To Preparation Of Water Resources And Water Resources Management

2018 ◽  
Vol 73 ◽  
pp. 03012
Author(s):  
Solikhul Abdi ◽  
Sudarno
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Water Treatment Plant ◽  
Water Source ◽  
Water Sources ◽  
Service Area ◽  
Raw Water ◽  
Housing Complex

Pucang Gading Housing Complex is an area within the Village Batursari, District of Demak with a population of 2018 as many as 44,257 inhabitants. Raw water service system Mranggen Unit is divided into 5 areas of service (service area Mranggen, Batursari I, Batursari II, Batursari III and Kebon) which utilize raw water source of water treatment plant (IPA Waru) and 8 Wells In a total discharge of 120 liter/second. The number of home connections in Pucang Gading area is currently 3,374 house connections, with a total water usage 14.25 liter/second Water discharges from clean water sources in Pucang Gading region are currently not maximally available to supply water to Pucang Gading service area. In this research will know the problems and readiness that exist by looking from the achievement of Medium Term Development Plan of Demak Regency Year 2016-2021. This research uses SWOT analysis method that is internal and external factors. The selection of raw water sources for drinking water should pay attention to aspects of quality, quantity and continuity. Demak Regency has the potential of surface water either river/ reservoir/dam. The problems and challenges of drinking water supply include issues of safe access to water supply, and regulation of groundwater utilization for the community.

scholarly journals Arsenic from community water fluoridation: quantifying the effect

2015 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 236-242
Author(s):  
Emily Peterson ◽  
Howard Shapiro ◽  
Ye Li ◽  
John G. Minnery ◽  
Ray Copes
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Arsenic Concentration ◽  
Drinking Water Treatment ◽  
National Standards ◽  
Water Type ◽  
Raw Water ◽  
Water Fluoridation ◽  
Community Water ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Community Water Fluoridation

Community water fluoridation is a WHO recommended strategy to prevent dental carries. One debated concern is that hydrofluorosilicic acid, used to fluoridate water, contains arsenic and poses a health risk. This study was undertaken to determine if fluoridation contributes to arsenic in drinking water, to estimate the amount of additional arsenic associated with fluoridation, and compare this to the National Sanitation Foundation/American National Standards Institute (NSF/ANSI) standard and estimates from other researchers. Using surveillance data from Ontario drinking water systems, mixed effects linear regression was performed to examine the effect of fluoridation status on the difference in arsenic concentration between raw water and treated water samples. On average, drinking water treatment was found to reduce arsenic levels in water in both fluoridated and non-fluoridated systems by 0.2 μg/L. However, fluoridated systems were associated with an additional 0.078 μg/L (95% CI 0.021, 0.136) of arsenic in water when compared to non-fluoridated systems (P = 0.008) while controlling for raw water arsenic concentrations, types of treatment processes, and source water type. Our estimate is consistent with concentrations expected from other research and is less than 10% of the NSF/ANSI standard of 1 μg/L arsenic in water. This study provides further information to inform decision-making regarding community water fluoridation.

THE QUALITY OF DRINKING WATER IN SIGHETU MARMAŢIEI, MARAMUREŞ, ROMANIA

2017 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 19-25
Author(s):  
Valeria Mirela Brezoczki ◽  
◽  
Gabriela Maria Filip ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Water Source ◽  
Raw Water ◽  
Water Quality Control ◽  
Baia Mare ◽  
Drinking Water Distribution

This paper presents the analysis of the quality indicator of a subterranean raw water source, captured in Crăciunesti, Sighetu Marmatiei, followed by the description of the technological flow of capturing and chlorinating water with the aim of making it drinkable, and the analysis of the obtained values of the physical, chemical and bacteriological indicators. The period within which water quality was monitored for this paper covers four months (December 2016, March, April and May 2017). Within this period the analyses regarding water quality control were carried out by the laboratory of the Water Treatment Baia Mare. The analysis of the obtained results highlighted a series of problems regarding the existence of certain indicators/parameters with values above the legally admissible threshold with regard to water quality. The manganese found in raw water exceeds the admissible threshold by 160%, in December 2016, and by 120% in March 2017, but it is within limits during the months of April and May. The occurrence of colonies developed at 37 °C and 22°C in the raw water requires chemical treatment of the raw water aimed at disinfecting it. The parameters of drinking water correspond to the values admissible through the laws in force, the water being distributed to the consumers through the Drinking water distribution system in Sighetu Marmatiei.

scholarly journals Jarak Sumber Air Baku Air Minum dari Pusat Erupsi dan Risiko Kesehatan Masyarakat di Wilayah Pasca Erupsi Sinabung

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 103-110
Author(s):  
Sri Malem Indirawati ◽  
Haesti Sembiring
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Environmental Health ◽  
Health Risks ◽  
Water Source ◽  
Raw Water ◽  
Purposive Sampling ◽  
Environmental Health Risks ◽  
Test Kit ◽  
Water Test

Latar belakang: Gunung sinabung sudah mengalami erupsi selama 9 tahun sejak  bulan Agustus tahun 2010, hal ini menyebabkan perubahan ekosistem karena  telah merubah struktur tanah dan mempengaruhi kualitas air di wilayah erupsi. Kondisi ini menimbulkan faktor risiko kesehatan pada masyarakat yang mengkonsumsi sumber air baku air minum yang tercemar. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalis kualitas air minum masyarakat dan mengukur risiko kesehatan lingkungan yang timbul sebagai dampak dari erupsi berdasarkan jarak sumber air baku .Metode: Penelitian survei dengan design cross sectional berlokasi di hunian tetap desa Nang belawan kecamatan Simpang Empat kabupaten Karo propinsi Sumatera utara.   Sampel meliputi air baku air minum yang diambil di empat lokasi. Air baku dianalisis dengan alat photometer water test kit AYI-IO, dan kemudian  hasilnya dipetakan dengan analisis spasial berdasarkan jarak dari sumber erupsi ke sumber air baku. Sejumlah 56 kepala keluarga  diambil secara purposive sampling di wilayah penelitian berdasarkan cemaran Pb tertinggi, selanjutnya dianalisa dengan  metode Analisa Risiko Kesehatan Lingkungan.Hasil: Seluruh sampel air tercemar Pb dengan rentang 0.17 -0.9 mg/L. Masyarakat dengan masa tinggal 4 tahun dan rerata berat badan 55 Kg dan mengkonsumsi 2 L/hari memiliki risiko kesehatan.Simpulan: Masyarakat yang bermukim di lokasi hunian tetap Nang Belawan 1 memiliki konsentrasi Pb maksimum 0,9 mg/L dan memiliki risiko kesehatan akibat  mengkonsumsi air minum yang tercemar Pb.  Pengelolaan air baku dengan metode penyaringan khusus dalam upaya menurunkan konsentrasi Pb perlu dilakukan agar dapat menurunkan risiko kesehatan. ABSTRACT Title: The Raw Water Source Distance  From The Center Of Eruption And  Public Health Risks in The Area of Sinabung Post-EruptionBackground: Mount Sinabung has been erupted  for 9 years since August 2010, it caused  ecosystem changing because it changed the soil structure and will affecting water quality in the eruption area. This condition raises environmental health risks for people who consume drinking water sources contaminated with volcanic dust pollutants. This study aims to analyze the quality of Pb in community drinking water and environmental health risks that arise as a result of eruptions and knowing  the status of raw water quality based on the distance from the eruption center.Method: This is survey study with cross-sesctional design was located in Nang Belawan village Simpang Empat sub-District Karo District in North Sumatera Province with four locations for drinking water source samples. The raw water is analyzed by the AYI-IO water test kit, and then the results are mapped with spatial analysis based on the distance from the point of Mount Sinabung. 56 samples were taken by purposive sampling in the area with the highest Pb contamination, then analyzed by enviromental health risks assesmentResult:  All samples of Pb polluted water ranged from 0.17 to 0.9 mg / L. People with a 4-year stay and average body weight of 55 kg and consuming 2 L / day had risks.  Raw water with a distance of 9.66 - 11.43  Km from Sinabung is not safe for consumption.Conclusion: This indicates that people living in the Nang Belawan 1 Huntap location with maximum Pb concentration of 0.9 mg / L had a health risk due to contaminated raw water. Need to manage raw water as a source of drinking water with a special screening method, in an effort to reduce the concentration of Pb. The distance of the well 11.43 Km from the eruption center is not safe for consumption  

Biofilm in water pipelines; a potential source for off-flavours in the drinking water

2004 ◽  
Vol 49 (9) ◽  
pp. 211-217 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Skjevrak ◽  
V. Lund ◽  
K. Ormerod ◽  
A. Due ◽  
H. Herikstad
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Volatile Organic Compounds ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Water Source ◽  
Raw Water ◽  
Potential Source ◽  
Volatile Organic ◽  
Water Pipelines ◽  
Water Test

Volatile organic compounds (VOC) are identified in natural biofilm established in plastic pipes used at the drinking water supply. Odour potent VOCs such as ectocarpene, dictyopterene A and C′, geosmin, beta-ionone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, menthol and menthone were prominent compounds in biofilm in the distribution network and at raw water test sites, and are associated with algae and cyanobacteria present in the raw water source.

scholarly journals Characteristics of raw water sources and analysis of the optimal model of the mixing process with parameter design in clean water pump installations

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (10 (113)) ◽  
pp. 6-14
Author(s):  
Mastiadi Tamjidillah ◽  
Muhammad Nizar Ramadhan ◽  
Muhammad Farouk Setiawan ◽  
Jerry Iberahim
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Experimental Design ◽  
Water Source ◽  
Water Sources ◽  
Parameter Design ◽  
Clean Water ◽  
Raw Water ◽  
Mixing Process ◽  
Drinking Water Supply System ◽  
Optimum Model

The quality characteristics of raw water sources in the regional integrated drinking water supply system (SPAM) of Banjarbakula were investigated and found to maintain the supply of drinking water quantity and quality in accordance with drinking water standards. The optimum model for the mixing process of raw water and poly aluminum chloride (PAC) and pump stroke for the input of water sources from rivers to obtain a composition setting that is in accordance with the raw water sources of each region in the region was selected and determined. So the optimum parameter setting model between alum water, raw water and pump stroke for each raw water source is known and is regionally integrated as a result of a comprehensive study. The integration of Taguchi parameter design and response surface can complement each other and become two methods that go hand in hand in the process of optimizing clean water products. Parameter design provides a very practical optimization step, the basis for this formation refers to the factorial fractional experimental design. However, the absence of statistical assumptions that follow the stages of analysis makes this method widely chosen by researchers and practitioners. With the experimental design of the raw water mixing process, turbidity such as 5 lt/sec, 10 lt/sec, 15 lt/sec, 20 lt/sec and 25 lt/sec and % PAC concentration 5 ppm, 10 ppm, 15 ppm, 20 ppm and 25 ppm with a pump installation stroke of 5 %, 10 %, 15 %, 20 % and 25 % were used. In the process of adding PAC, always pay attention and observe the behavior of the attractive force of the floating particles (flock). The particles were then subjected to SEM (scanning electron microscopy) to determine the dimensions of the flock grains deposited

scholarly journals Comparation Between Station Management and Water Source on the Quality of Refill Drinking Water in Surabaya

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (10) ◽  
pp. 338-341
Author(s):  
Nida'an Khafiya ◽  
Linda Dewanti ◽  
Wiwin Retnowati
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Production Capacity ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Water Source ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Raw Water ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Duration Of Operation

Drinking water is both a basic human need and a strong determinant of health. In Indonesia, there are drinking water refill stations (DWRS) which conveniently offer refill drinking water at affordable price. This study aims to determine whether station management amd raw water source influence the quality of drinking water. This cross-sectional study used primary data from questionnaires filled by DWRS owners and secondary data about the quality of refill drinking water from the Surabaya City Health Department. Data was then analyzed by using Chi-Square and Mann-Whitney tests. From 33 registered DWRSs, only 18 stations fulfilled all quality standards of drinking water. Some DWRSs failed to pass microbiological (n=13) and chemical (n=2) standards. All DWRS passed the physical standard. There was no significant difference found in duration of operation (pmicro = 0.956, pchemical = 0.382), production capacity (pmicro = 0.384; pchemical = 0.495). There was no significant difference found in terms of station management and raw water sources on the quality of refill drinking water. Keywords: drinking water refill station (DWRS); duration of operation; production capacity; raw water source

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